Control equipment for human-powered vehicles

Abstract

A control device for a human-powered vehicle is provided. The human-powered vehicle includes a generator configured to output electric power, a power storage device electrically connected to the generator, and a component having an actuator actuated by electric power from at least one of the generator and the power storage device. The control device includes a controller electrically connected to at least one of the generator and the power storage device. The controller is configured to control the operating state of the component based on information related to at least one of an output state of the generator and a storage state of the power storage device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to a control apparatus for a human-powered vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, some human-powered vehicles (such as bicycles) are provided with electrical components or devices to make it easier for riders to operate the human-powered vehicles. For example, some human-powered vehicles are provided with electrically operated transmission systems to shift gears more smoothly. Some of these electrically operated transmission systems use a rear multi-stage sprocket assembly with a rear derailleur with a motor and a front multi-stage sprocket assembly with a front derailleur with a motor. These derailleurs with motors are electrically operated by a control device (such as a bicycle computer) to operate the motor to perform the shifting operation. In some cases, the power for these electrically operated transmission systems is supplied by a power generating device provided on a hub that rotatably supports the wheels of the human-powered vehicle. The power generating device generates electricity according to the driving conditions of the human-powered vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In general, the present disclosure relates to various features of a control device for a human-powered vehicle. The term "human-powered vehicle" as used herein refers to a vehicle that can be driven at least by human power, but does not include vehicles that use only non-human driving forces. In particular, vehicles that use only an internal combustion engine as a driving force are not included in the scope of human-powered vehicles. Human-powered vehicles are generally considered to be a compact, lightweight vehicle that sometimes does not require a license to drive on public roads. The number of wheels of a human-powered vehicle is not limited. Human-powered vehicles include, for example, unicycles and vehicles with three or more wheels. Human-powered vehicles include, for example, various types of bicycles, such as mountain bikes, road bikes, city bikes, cargo bikes and recumbent bikes, as well as electric-assisted bicycles (E-bikes).

[0004] In view of the state of the known technology and in accordance with a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a control device for a human-powered vehicle, the control device comprising a generator configured to output electric power, a power storage device electrically connected to the generator, and a component having an actuator driven by electric power from at least one of the generator and the power storage device.

[0005] The control device includes a controller electrically connected to at least one of the generator and the power storage device. The controller is configured to control an operating state of the component based on information related to at least one of an output state of the generator and a storage state of the power storage device.

[0006] With the control apparatus according to the first aspect, it is possible to control the components to be in appropriate operating states according to the output state of the generator and / or the storage state of the power storage device.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, the control device according to the first aspect is configured so that the operating state includes a normal operating state and a power saving operating state, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state to the power saving operating state according to the information.

[0008] With the control apparatus according to the second aspect, it is possible to control the components to be in the power-saving operation state according to the output state of the generator and / or the storage state of the power storage device.

[0009] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, the control device according to the second aspect is configured so that the output state includes a first output state; in the first output state, the speed value related to the forward speed of the human-driven vehicle becomes equal to or less than a first predetermined speed value, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from a normal operating state to a power-saving operating state based on information related to the first output state.

[0010] With the control apparatus according to the third aspect, it is possible to control the components to be in the power-saving operation state to save power consumption when the vehicle is driven slower than a predetermined speed by human power.

[0011] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, the control device according to the third aspect is configured to make the output state include a second output state; in the second output state, the speed value becomes equal to or less than a second predetermined speed value, the second predetermined speed value is less than the first predetermined speed value, the operating state also includes a first power-off operating state, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from the power-saving operating state to the first power-off operating state based on information related to the second output state.

[0012] With the control apparatus according to the fourth aspect, it is possible to further save power consumption when the vehicle is driven by human power slower than a predetermined speed.

[0013] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, the control device according to the third aspect is configured to make the output state include a third output state; in the third output state, the speed value becomes greater than a third predetermined speed value, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from the power-saving operating state to the normal operating state based on information related to the third output state.

[0014] With the control apparatus according to the fifth aspect, when the speed of the human-driven vehicle exceeds a predetermined speed, it is possible to return to the normal operating state.

[0015] According to the sixth aspect of the present disclosure, the control device according to any one of the second to fifth aspects is configured to make the storage state include a first storage state, in which the power value of the power storage device becomes equal to or less than a first predetermined power value, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from a normal operating state to a power-saving operating state based on information related to the first storage state.

[0016] With the control apparatus according to the sixth aspect, it is possible to control the components to be in the power saving operation state to save power consumption when the power value of the power storage device is less than a predetermined power value.

[0017] According to the seventh aspect of the present disclosure, the control device according to the sixth aspect is configured to make the storage state include a second storage state; in the second storage state, the power value becomes equal to or less than a second predetermined power value, and the second predetermined power value is less than the first predetermined power value; the operating state also includes a second power-off operating state, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state to the second power-off operating state based on information related to the second storage state.

[0018] With the control apparatus according to the seventh aspect, it is possible to further save power consumption when the power value of the power storage device is smaller than the predetermined power value.

[0019] According to the eighth aspect of the present disclosure, the control device according to the sixth aspect or the seventh aspect is configured so that the storage state includes a third storage state; in the third storage state, the power value of the power storage device becomes equal to or greater than the first predetermined power value, and the controller is configured to control the operating state from the power-saving operating state to the normal operating state based on information related to the third storage state.

[0020] With the control apparatus according to the eighth aspect, it is possible to return to the normal operating state when the power value of the power storage device is greater than the predetermined power value.

[0021] According to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, the control apparatus according to any one of the second to eighth aspects is configured so that the controller is configured to limit the function of the component in the power saving operation state.

[0022] With the control device according to the ninth aspect, it is possible to save power consumption of components and reduce erroneous operations or prevent an inoperable state due to insufficient power.

[0023] According to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, the control device according to the ninth aspect is configured to configure the controller to reduce the operating rate of the component in the power-saving operating state, and the operating rate includes at least one force generation rate to assist pedaling.

[0024] With the control device according to the tenth aspect, it is possible to save power consumption of components by reducing the operating rate of the components. In addition, it is possible to reduce erroneous operations or prevent an inoperable state due to insufficient power.

[0025] According to an eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, an electric device includes the control device according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, and a component having an actuator activated in response to operation of an operating member.

[0026] With the electric apparatus according to the eleventh aspect, it is possible to control the components to be in appropriate operating states according to the output state of the generator and / or the storage state of the power storage device.

[0027] According to a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, the electric apparatus according to the eleventh aspect further includes a rectifier electrically connected between the generator and the power storage device, wherein the rectifier is configured to rectify the power output from the generator.

[0028] With the electric device according to the twelfth aspect, the electric power output from the generator can be rectified, and the alternating current from the generator can be converted into direct current.

[0029] According to the thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure, the electric apparatus according to the twelfth aspect is configured so that the power storage device includes a plurality of power storage elements connected in series with respect to each other, wherein the plurality of power storage elements are configured to store power output from the generator in a time-division manner.

[0030] With the electric device according to the thirteenth aspect, the plurality of power storage elements can be individually charged to the voltage level of the generator.

[0031] According to a fourteenth aspect of the present disclosure, the electric device according to the thirteenth aspect is configured so that the rectifier and the power storage element are configured to form a voltage multiplier circuit.

[0032] With the electric apparatus according to the fourteenth aspect, the power storage device can be charged to a higher voltage level than the generator.

[0033] According to a fifteenth aspect of the present disclosure, the electric apparatus according to any one of the eleventh to fourteenth aspects further includes a hub axle, and a hub body rotatably provided relative to the hub axle, wherein the generator is provided between the hub axle and the hub body.

[0034] With the electric device according to the fifteenth aspect, electric power can be generated by the rotation of the hub body.

[0035] In accordance with a sixteenth aspect of the present disclosure, the electric apparatus according to the fifteenth aspect is configured so that the power storage device is provided to the hub axle.

[0036] With the electric apparatus according to the sixteenth aspect, the power storage device and the hub axle can be provided as one unit.

[0037] According to a seventeenth aspect of the present disclosure, the electric apparatus according to the fifteenth or sixteenth aspect is configured so that the power storage device is accommodated inside the hub body.

[0038] With the electric apparatus according to the seventeenth aspect, the power storage device can be housed in the hub body.

[0039] According to an eighteenth aspect of the present disclosure, the electric apparatus according to any one of the fifteenth to seventeenth aspects is configured so that the controller is provided to the hub body.

[0040] With the electric device according to the eighteenth aspect, the controller and the hub body can be provided as one unit.

[0041] According to a nineteenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a system for human-powered driving of a vehicle, wherein the system includes the electric device according to any one of the eleventh to eighteenth aspects.

[0042] With the system according to the nineteenth aspect, the components can be controlled to be in appropriate operating states according to the output state of the generator and / or the storage state of the power storage device.

[0043] Furthermore, other objects, features, aspects and advantages of the disclosed control device will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, discloses preferred embodiments of the control device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Reference is now made to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this disclosure:

[0045] Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a bicycle (i.e., a human-powered vehicle) equipped with a bicycle component in the form of a hub according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A longitudinal elevational view of a hub on the body of a human-powered vehicle is shown.

[0047] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A longitudinal section of the hub is shown;

[0048] Figure 4 yes Figures 2 to 4 A perspective view of the hub shown in FIG, partially broken away to reveal the electronic circuit board;

[0049] Figure 5 It is a block diagram of an electronic circuit board;

[0050] Figure 6 is a circuit schematic diagram illustrating electrical connections between an electric power generator, an electric power storage device, an electronic circuit board, and a rear derailleur, showing a situation where the forward speed of the bicycle is high enough so that the charging current generated by the electric power generator is greater than the current consumed by the electronic circuit board and the rear derailleur;

[0051] Figure 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating electrical connections among an electric power generator, an electric power storage device, an electronic circuit board, and a rear derailleur, showing a state without operating state control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the forward speed of the bicycle is reduced so that the charging current generated by the electric power generator is less than the consumption current of the electronic circuit board and the rear derailleur;

[0052] Figure 8 is a circuit schematic diagram illustrating electrical connections of an electric power generator, an electric power storage device, an electronic circuit board, and a rear derailleur, showing a state with operating state control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in which the forward speed of the bicycle is reduced, but the charging current generated by the electric power generator is maintained greater than the consumption current of the electronic circuit board and the rear derailleur;

[0053] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing how the electric power generated by the electric generator varies according to the forward speed of the bicycle;

[0054] Figure 10 is a state transition diagram illustrating operation state control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0055] Figure 11 is a circuit schematic diagram showing electrical connection of a power generator and a power storage via a rectifier;

[0056] Figure 12 is a circuit diagram showing another electrical connection of the power generator and the power storage via another rectifier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Selected embodiments will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. For those skilled in the art of human-powered vehicles (e.g., bicycles), it will be apparent from this disclosure that the following description of the embodiments is provided for illustration only and is not intended to limit the present invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0058] First reference Figure 1 , a bicycle V (i.e., a human-powered vehicle) is illustrated, which is equipped with an electrical device ED according to the illustrated embodiment. Here, in the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED includes a bicycle component 10, which is a bicycle hub. More specifically, the bicycle component 10 is a bicycle rear hub. Also, here, in the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle component 10 is a hub generator (energy harvesting power source) for providing power to one or more components of the bicycle V. However, the bicycle component 10 is not limited to a hub generator. Furthermore, although the bicycle component 10 is illustrated as a rear hub, certain aspects of the bicycle component 10 can be provided to a front hub. Therefore, the bicycle component 10 is not limited to a rear hub.

[0059] Here, the bicycle V is an electric-assisted bicycle (E-bike). Alternatively, the bicycle V may be a road bicycle, a city bicycle, a cargo bicycle, a recumbent bicycle, or another type of off-road bicycle, such as a cyclocross bicycle. Figure 1 As shown, the bicycle V includes a body VB supported by a rear wheel RW and a front wheel FW. The body VB essentially consists of a front frame body FB and a rear frame body RB (swing arm). The body VB is also equipped with handlebars H and a front fork FF for steering the front wheel FW. The rear frame body RB is swingably mounted to the rear of the front frame body FB, allowing it to pivot relative to the front frame body FB. The rear wheel RW is mounted at the rear end of the rear frame body RB. A rear shock absorber RS ​​is operably disposed between the front and rear frame bodies FB. The rear shock absorber RS ​​is positioned between the front and rear frame bodies FB to control the movement of the rear frame body RB relative to the front frame body FB. In other words, the rear shock absorber RS ​​absorbs shocks transmitted from the rear wheel RW. The rear wheel RW is rotatably mounted to the rear frame body RB. The front wheel FW is mounted to the front frame body FB via the front fork FF. In other words, the front wheel FW is mounted at the lower end of the front fork FF. A height-adjustable seat post ASP is conventionally mounted on the seat tube of the front frame body FB and supports the bicycle seat or saddle S in any suitable manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the height-adjustable seat post ASP can be electrically adjustable. The front fork FF is pivotally mounted on the head tube of the front frame body FB. The handlebar H is mounted on the upper end of the steering column or steering tube of the front fork FF. The front fork FF absorbs shocks transmitted from the front wheel FW. Preferably, the rear shock absorber RS ​​and the front fork FF are electrically adjustable suspensions. For example, the hardness and / or stroke length of the rear shock absorber RS ​​and the front fork FF can be adjusted.

[0060] The bicycle V also includes a transmission system DT and an electric drive unit DU operably coupled to the transmission system DT. For example, the transmission system DT is a chain-driven type and includes a crank C, a front sprocket FS, a plurality of rear sprockets CS, and a chain CN. The crank C includes a crank axle CA1 and a pair of crank arms CA2. The crank axle CA1 is rotatably supported on the front frame body FB via the electric drive unit DU. The crank arms CA2 are disposed at opposite ends of the crank axle CA1. Pedals PD are rotatably coupled to the distal ends of each crank arm CA2. The transmission system DT can be selected from any type and can be a belt-driven type or a shaft-driven type.

[0061] The electric drive unit DU includes an electric motor that provides driving assistance to the front sprocket FS. The electric drive unit DU can be activated to assist propulsion of the bicycle V in a conventional manner. For example, the electric drive unit DU is activated based on human power applied to the pedals PD. The electric drive unit DU is activated by power provided by a main battery pack BP mounted on the downtube of the bicycle V. In some cases, the main battery pack BP can also provide power to other vehicle components, such as the rear derailleur RD, the height-adjustable seat post ASP, the rear shock absorber RS, the front fork FF, and any other vehicle components that utilize electricity. In the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle V is shown as an electric-assisted bicycle (E-bike), which includes electrical components such as the rear derailleur RD, the height-adjustable seat post ASP, the rear shock absorber RS, the front fork FF, the electric drive unit DU, and so on. However, some of the electrical components are optional and are not required for the different configurations of the bicycle V. In different cases, electric components such as a rear derailleur RD, a height-adjustable seat post ASP, a rear shock absorber RS, a front fork FF, an electric drive unit DU, etc. are also optional and selectively provided to the bicycle V as needed and / or desired. For example, in the case of a city bicycle, the bicycle V can be configured without the height-adjustable seat post ASP and the rear shock absorber RS.

[0062] The bicycle V also includes a bicycle computer SC. Here, the bicycle computer SC is mounted on the front frame body FB. Alternatively, the bicycle computer SC may be mounted on the handlebars H. The bicycle computer SC informs the rider of various driving and / or operating conditions of the bicycle V. The bicycle computer SC may also include various control programs for automatically controlling one or more vehicle components. For example, the bicycle computer SC may be equipped with an automatic shifting program for changing the gears of the rear derailleur RD based on one or more driving and / or operating conditions of the bicycle V.

[0063] In the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED also includes a rear derailleur RD (e.g., a component) attached to the rear frame body RB for shifting the chain CN between the rear sprockets CS. The rear derailleur RD is a type of shifting device. Here, the rear derailleur RD is an electric derailleur (i.e., an electric shifting device or electric transmission device) and includes an electric motor or actuator RDa. The rear derailleur RD is positioned on the rear side of the rear frame body RB near the bicycle component 10. The rear derailleur RD can be operated when the rider of the bicycle V manually operates a shift operating device or shifter SL (e.g., an operating member). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the rear derailleur RD includes an actuator RDa that is activated in response to operation of the shifter SL. The rear derailleur RD can also be automatically operated based on the riding and / or operating conditions of the bicycle V. The bicycle V may also include a variety of other electronic components. Some or all of these electronic components can be powered by the electricity generated by the bicycle component 10 during the power generation state discussed herein. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle V has a system for human-powered propulsion of the vehicle, which includes an electric device ED including bicycle components 10 and electronic components.

[0064] We will now refer specifically to Figures 2 to 4 The structure of the bicycle component 10 of the electrical device ED is described. Here, the bicycle component 10 of the electrical device ED also includes a hub axle 12 and a hub body 14. The hub axle 12 has a center axis A1. The hub axle 12 is configured to be non-rotatably attached to the vehicle body VB. In the present embodiment, the hub axle 12 is configured to be non-rotatably attached to the rear frame body RB. The hub body 14 is rotatably arranged relative to the hub axle 12. Specifically, the hub body 14 is rotatably arranged around the center axis A1. In other words, the hub body 14 is rotatably mounted around the hub axle 12.

[0065] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the hub axle 12 is a rigid member made of a suitable material such as a metal material. Here, the hub axle 12 is a tubular member. The hub axle 12 can be a single piece or composed of several pieces. Here, the hub axle 12 includes a main body 12a and an end piece 12b. The end piece 12b is threadedly mounted on a first end ( Figures 2 to 4 In this way, if Figure 2 As shown, the second end of the main body 12a ( Figures 2 to 4 The hub axle 12 and the end piece 12b are received in the mounting opening of the rear frame body RB. Here, the hub axle 12 also includes a rotation restriction member 12c, which is coupled to the body 12a via the end piece 12b. The rotation restriction member 12c engages with the rear frame body RB to restrict the rotation of the hub axle 12 relative to the rear frame body RB.

[0066] Here, if Figure 2 As shown, the bicycle component 10 also includes a wheel retaining mechanism 16 for securing the hub axle 12 of the bicycle component 10 to the rear frame body RB. The wheel retaining mechanism 16 essentially comprises a shaft or skewer 16a, a cam body 16b, a cam lever 16c, and an adjustment nut 16d. The cam lever 16c is attached to one end of the skewer 16a via the cam body 16b, while the adjustment nut 16d is threadedly connected to the other end of the skewer 16a. The lever 16c is attached to the cam body 16b. The cam body 16b is coupled between the skewer 16a and the cam lever 16c to allow movement of the skewer 16a relative to the cam body 16b. Thus, operating the lever 16c to move the skewer 16a relative to the cam body 16b in the axial direction of the center axis A1 changes the distance between the cam body 16b and the adjustment nut 16d. Preferably, compression springs are provided at both ends of the skewer 16a. Alternatively, the hub axle 12 may be non-rotatably attached to the rear frame body RB via other attachment structures as needed and / or desired.

[0067] like Figure 1 and 4 As shown, the hub body 14 is rotatably mounted around the hub axle 12 to rotate in the driving rotation direction D1. The driving rotation direction D1 corresponds to the forward driving direction of the rear wheel RW. The hub body 14 is configured to support the rear wheel RW in a conventional manner. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the hub body 14 includes a first outer flange 14a and a second outer flange 14b. The first outer flange 14a and the second outer flange 14b extend radially outward relative to the center axis A1. The first outer flange 14a and the second outer flange 14b are configured to receive a plurality of spokes ( Figure 1 ), used to adjust the rim of the rear wheel RW ( Figure 1 ) is attached to the hub body 14. In this way, the hub body 14 and the rear wheel RW are coupled to rotate together.

[0068] Here, the bicycle component 10 further includes a sprocket support structure 18. In the illustrated embodiment, the sprocket support structure 18 supports the rear sprocket CS, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown. The sprocket support structure 18 is rotatably disposed about the central axis A1 so as to transmit a driving force to the hub body 14 when rotating about the central axis A1 in a driving rotational direction D1. As described below, the sprocket support structure 18 does not transmit a driving force to the hub body 14 when rotating about the central axis A1 in a non-driving rotational direction D2. The non-driving rotational direction D2 is opposite to the driving rotational direction D1 relative to the central axis A1. The central rotational axis of the sprocket support structure 18 is concentric with the central axis A1 of the hub axle 12.

[0069] While the sprocket support structure 18 is configured to non-rotatably support the rear sprocket CS, the sprocket support structure 18 is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Alternatively, one or more rear sprockets CS may be integrally formed with the sprocket support structure 18. In any case, the sprocket support structure 18 and the rear sprocket CS are coupled together to rotate together in the driving rotational direction D1 and the non-driving rotational direction D2.

[0070] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the bicycle component 10 includes a housing 20. The housing 20 is configured to house various electrical components. The housing 20 defines an annular interior space 23. In the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle component 10 includes an electronic circuit board ECB (e.g., a control device) and a power storage device PS (e.g., a power storage device). The electronic circuit board ECB is disposed within the interior space 23 of the housing 20. The power storage device PS is also disposed within the interior space 23 of the housing 20. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the power storage device PS is housed within the hub body 14. Specifically, the power storage device PS is disposed on or adjacent to the electronic circuit board ECB. For example, the power storage device PS is disposed on the hub axle 12. The electronic circuit board ECB is electrically connected to the power storage device PS to control the input and output of power from the power storage device PS. One end of a first electrical cable EC1 is electrically connected to the electronic circuit board ECB. The other end of the first electrical cable EC1 is electrically connected to another electrical component of the bicycle V, such as the rear derailleur RD, the battery pack BP, or an electrical connector. In this way, the first electrical cable EC1 can supply electrical energy generated by the bicycle component 10 to the rear derailleur RD, the battery pack BP, or another electrical component. The first cable EC1 can also be used to transmit signals using power line communication (PLC). In the illustrated embodiment, the power storage device PS is housed within the hub body 14. However, the location of the power storage device PS is not limited to this. As long as the power storage device PS is electrically connected to the electronic circuit board ECB, the power storage device PS can be arranged outside the hub body 14 or anywhere else on the vehicle body VB.

[0071] The hub axle 12 supports the housing 20. Here, the housing 20 is non-rotatable relative to the hub axle 12. The bicycle component 10 further includes a cover 22. The cover 22 is coupled to the housing 20.

[0072] In the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle component 10 further includes a detected component 24 and a rotation detection sensor 25. The detected component 24 is provided to the sprocket support structure 18. On the other hand, the rotation detection sensor 25 is provided in the internal space 23 of the housing 20. The rotation detection sensor 25 is configured to detect the detected component 24 to detect the rotation of the sprocket support structure 18 around the central axis A1. Since the rotation detection sensor 25 is on the electronic circuit board ECB, the rotation detection sensor 25 is non-rotatable relative to the hub axle 12. Figure 4 As shown, the rotation detection sensor 25 is provided in the hub body 14 at a position spaced radially outward from the hub axle 12 .

[0073] In the illustrated embodiment, the rotation detection sensor 25 includes a magnetic sensor, and the detected component 24 includes a magnet. Therefore, the magnetic sensor detects the movement of the magnet, which rotates together with the sprocket support structure 18. In other words, with this arrangement, the rotation detection sensor 25 is constructed to detect the detected component 24 to detect the rotation of the sprocket support structure 18 around the central axis A1. Here, the magnet of the detected component 24 is an annular member having alternating S-pole portions and N-pole portions. In this way, the rotation detection sensor 25 can detect the rotation amount and rotation direction of the rear sprocket CS connected to the sprocket support structure 18. The term "sensor" used herein refers to a hardware device or instrument for detecting the presence or absence of a specific event, object, substance or a change in its environment, and sending a response signal. The term "sensor" used herein does not include people. The rotation detection sensor 25 receives power from the power storage PS.

[0074] like Figure 3 As shown, the bicycle component 10 also includes an electric generator 26 (e.g., a generator). The electric generator 26 is disposed between the hub axle 12 and the hub body 14. The electric generator 26 is configured to output electricity. Specifically, the electric generator 26 is configured to generate electricity by the rotation of the hub body 14 relative to the hub axle 12. More specifically, the electric generator 26 is disposed in the hub body 14 between the hub axle 12 and the center portion of the hub body 14. The electronic circuit board ECB is electrically connected to the electric generator 26 for controlling the power output of the electric generator 26. In particular, a second cable EC2 electrically connects the electronic circuit board ECB to the electric generator 26. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the power storage PS is electrically connected to the electric generator 26.

[0075] The electric generator 26 basically includes an armature 28 (i.e., a stator in the illustrated embodiment) and a magnet 30 (i.e., a rotor in the illustrated embodiment). Although the armature 28 is shown as being fixed relative to the hub axle 12 and the magnet 30 is shown as being fixed relative to the hub body 14, the armature 28 can be fixed relative to the hub body 14 and the magnet 30 can be fixed relative to the hub axle 12. The armature 28 includes a first yoke 28A, a second yoke 28B, and a coil 28C. The first yoke 28A includes two or more first yoke components arranged in the circumferential direction of the hub axle 12. Similarly, the second yoke 28B includes two or more second yoke components arranged in the circumferential direction of the hub axle 12 and arranged alternately with the first yoke components of the first yoke 28A. The coil 28C is located between the first yoke 28A and the second yoke 28B. The magnet 30 includes a plurality of first magnet components 30A and a plurality of second magnet components 30B disposed within a tubular support 32. The tubular support body 32 is fixedly coupled to the interior of the hub body 14 so that the magnet 30 and the hub body 14 rotate together about the hub axle 12. The first magnet component 30A and the second magnet component 30B are arranged so that the S poles and the N poles of the first magnet component 30A and the second magnet component 30B are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the hub axle 12. Therefore, the S pole of the first magnet component 30A is not aligned with the S pole of the second magnet component 30B, and the N pole of the first magnet component 30A is not aligned with the N pole of the second magnet component 30B in the axial direction of the shaft member 12.

[0076] The electronic circuit board ECB includes an electronic controller 42 (e.g., a controller). The electronic controller 42 is provided on the electronic circuit board ECB. The electronic controller 42 is configured to receive a detection signal from the rotation detection sensor 25. The electronic controller 42 includes at least one processor that executes a predetermined control program. The at least one processor may be, for example, a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessing unit (MPU). The term "electronic controller" as used herein refers to hardware that executes a software program and does not include a person. The electronic controller 42 receives power from at least one of the power generator 26 and the power storage PS. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is electrically connected to at least one of the power generator 26 and the power storage PS. The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the power generated by the power generator 26 and control the power provided from the power storage PS. In the illustrated embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB is disposed in the inner space 23 of the housing 20 within the hub body 14 , and thus the electronic controller 42 is also disposed on the hub body 14 .

[0077] In the illustrated embodiment, the power storage device PS includes a plurality of capacitors (e.g., power storage elements) connected in series relative to one another. Specifically, the power storage device PS includes a first capacitor 44 and a second capacitor 46. In the illustrated embodiment, the first and second capacitors 44, 46 are, for example, lithium-ion capacitors (LICs). An electronic controller 42 is configured to control the storage of power generated by the power generator 26 in the first and second capacitors 44, 46. The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the distribution of the power stored in the first and second capacitors 44, 46 to other components. Thus, the power generated by the power generator 26 can be stored and / or directly supplied to other components, such as the rotation detection sensor 25 and the rear derailleur RD. Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the bicycle V (e.g., a human-powered vehicle) includes the power generator 26, the power storage device PS, and the rear derailleur RD (e.g., a component). The rear derailleur RD has an actuator RDa driven by power from at least one of the power generator 26 and the power storage device PS.

[0078] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB also includes a data storage device 48 provided on the electronic circuit board ECB. The data storage device 48 stores various control programs and information used for various control processes, including operating state control, power generation control, power storage control, hub rotation detection control, etc. The data storage device 48 includes any computer storage device or any non-temporary computer-readable medium, with the only exception of temporarily propagating signals. For example, the data storage device 48 includes a non-volatile memory and a volatile memory. The non-volatile memory includes, for example, at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and a flash memory. The volatile memory includes, for example, a random access memory (RAM).

[0079] Despite Figure 4 Not shown, the electronic circuit board ECB also includes various sensors and electronic components. Figure 5 1 illustrates a block diagram of an electrical device ED. In the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED includes a bicycle component 10 and an electrical component, such as a rear derailleur RD. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED includes an electronic circuit board ECB (e.g., a control device) and a rear derailleur RD (e.g., a component). Figure 5As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB further includes a storage state detection sensor 50. The storage state detection sensor 50 detects the storage or charging state of the power storage device PS. Specifically, the storage state detection sensor 50 detects the stored power value of the power storage device PS. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state detection sensor 50 detects the output voltage of the power storage device PS and outputs the detection result to the electronic controller 42. However, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state detection sensor 50 is not limited to this. The storage state detection sensor 50 may be any sensor that detects a value that can be converted into the output voltage of the power storage device PS.

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB further includes an output state detection sensor 52. The output state detection sensor 52 detects the output state of the electric generator 26. Specifically, the output state detection sensor 52 detects the alternating current from the electric generator 26 and outputs pulses (i.e., vehicle speed pulses) corresponding to the frequency of the alternating current from the electric generator 26 to the electronic controller 42. The vehicle speed pulses can be counted by the electronic controller 42 to determine the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW, which corresponds to the forward speed of the bicycle V and the power generated by the electric generator 26. However, in the illustrated embodiment, the output state detection sensor 52 is not limited thereto. The output state detection sensor 52 may be any sensor that detects a value that can be converted into the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW.

[0081] Also like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB also includes an external interface (I / F) 54. The external I / F 54 includes electrical ports for transmitting power to the electrical components of the bicycle V and for receiving power from an external power source for various purposes, such as maintenance of the electrical equipment ED of the bicycle V. Furthermore, the external I / F can use power line communication (PLC) to transmit and receive signals to and from the electrical components of the bicycle V. In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is configured to control the rear derailleur RD in either a manual control mode or an automatic control mode. In the manual control mode, the electronic controller 42 is configured to perform shifting control in response to manual input using the shifter SL. Specifically, the electronic controller 42 is configured to receive shift commands from the shifter SL via the external I / F 54 in response to manual input using the shifter SL, and transmit the shift commands to the rear derailleur RD via the external I / F 54 to operate the actuator RDa of the rear derailleur RD. On the other hand, in the automatic control mode, the electronic controller 42 is configured to automatically generate shift commands based on at least one of the cadence, the bicycle's operating speed, and the gear ratio, and transmit the shift commands to the rear derailleur RD via the external I / F 54 to operate the actuator RDa of the rear derailleur RD. Alternatively, these shift commands may be obtained from the cycle computer SC via the external I / F 54.

[0082] In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state of the rear derailleur RD based on information related to at least one of the output state of the electric generator 26 and the storage state of the power storage PS. Figure 6-8 is a schematic circuit diagram showing the electrical connections of the electric generator 26, the power storage PS, the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD. Figure 6 The figure shows a state where the electronic controller 42 controls the rear derailleur RD to be in a normal operating state, and the forward speed V of the bicycle is high enough so that the charging current generated by the electric generator 26 at the forward speed is greater than the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD. In this case, if the forward speed of the bicycle V decreases and the charging current generated by the electric generator 26 at the forward speed becomes less than the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD, then Figure 7 As shown, the power released from the power storage PS is used to control the rear derailleur RD to be in a normal operating state. However, in this case, the operable period of the rear derailleur RD is limited depending on the capacity and / or storage state of the power storage PS, and therefore it is difficult to ensure a sufficient operable time.

[0083] On the other hand, in the illustrated embodiment, if the forward speed of the bicycle V decreases and the charging current generated by the electric generator 26 at this forward speed becomes smaller than the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD in the normal operating state, then, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the electronic controller 42 switches the operating state from the normal operating state to the energy-saving operating state to limit the functions of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD, thereby suppressing the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD. This operating state control ensures that the charging current generated by the electric generator 26 at the forward speed is greater than the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD when operating in the energy-saving operating state, thereby ensuring a sufficient operable period. Specifically, this operating state control limits the functions of the rear derailleur RD by, for example, limiting the functions and / or performance (e.g., clock frequency) of the electronic controller 42 that transmits shift commands to the rear derailleur RD and reducing the response speed of the rear derailleur RD. Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, if the forward speed of the bicycle V further decreases, the electronic controller 42 can further switch the operating state to the power-off operating state to further suppress the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD.

[0084] Figure 9 is a graph showing example values ​​of electric power generated by the electric generator 26 according to the forward speed of the bicycle V. Specifically, Figure 9 As shown, the first power generated by the electric generator 26 when the bicycle V is traveling at a speed between 0 and 3 km / h is less than the second power generated by the electric generator 26 when the bicycle V is traveling at a speed between 3 and 5 km / h. The second power is less than the third power generated by the electric generator 26 when the bicycle V is traveling at a speed between 6 and 9 km / h. Furthermore, the third power is less than the fourth power generated by the electric generator 26 when the bicycle V is traveling at a speed greater than 9 km / h. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the first power is 0 mA, the second power is between 0 and 11.4 mA at 6.1 V, the third power is between 11.4 and 40 mA at 6.1 V and 7 V, and the fourth power exceeds 40 mA at 7 V and above. Of course, these values ​​are provided as examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Therefore, these values ​​may vary for different configurations. For example, the first power may be between 0-3 mA, the second power may be between 0-20 mA at 5-7 V, the third power may be between 7.5-60 mA at 5-9 V, and the fourth power may be greater than 7.5 mA at greater than 5 V. However, generally, as the forward speed of the bicycle V increases, the electric generator 26 may generate more power.

[0085] In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state of the rear derailleur RD based on the power generated by the electric generator 26. Specifically, since the power generated by the electric generator 26 varies depending on the forward speed of the bicycle V, as described above, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state of the rear derailleur RD based on the forward speed of the bicycle V. In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 switches the operating state to a power-off operating state in which the current consumed by the electronic circuit board ECB is a first current consumption, a power-saving operating state in which the current consumed by the electronic circuit board ECB is a second current consumption greater than the first current consumption, or a normal operating state in which the current consumed by the electronic circuit board ECB is a third current consumption greater than the second current consumption, depending on the forward speed of the bicycle V. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the first current consumption is less than 0.1 μA, the second current consumption is between 0.1 μA and 2 mA, and the third current consumption is 18.3 mA. Of course, these values ​​are provided as examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Therefore, these values ​​may vary for different configurations. For example, the first current consumption may be less than 0.5 uA, the second current consumption may be greater than the first current consumption and less than 5 mA, and the third current consumption may be greater than the second current consumption and between 5-25 mA.

[0086] More specifically, if Figure 9As shown, for example, when the bicycle V is accelerating, when the forward speed of the bicycle V is between 0-5 km / h, the electronic controller 42 switches the operating state to the power-off operating state, when the forward speed of the bicycle V is between 5-6 km / h, the operating state is switched to the energy-saving operating state, and when the forward speed of the bicycle V is greater than 6 km / h, the operating state is switched to the normal operating state. On the other hand, as Figure 9 As shown, for example, when the bicycle V is decelerating, the electronic controller 42 switches the operating state to the normal operating state when the forward speed of the bicycle V is greater than 6 km / h, switches the operating state to the energy-saving operating state when the forward speed of the bicycle V is between 3 and 6 km / h, and switches the operating state to the power-off operating state when the forward speed of the bicycle V is between 0 and 3 km / h. Of course, these numerical values ​​are provided as examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. However, in general, the electronic controller 42 can switch the operating state to an operating state that consumes more power (e.g., the normal operating state) as the forward speed of the bicycle V increases and the electric generator generates more power, and can switch the operating state to an operating state that consumes less power (e.g., the energy-saving operating state or the power-off operating state) as the forward speed of the bicycle V decreases and the electric generator generates less power.

[0087] Further references Figure 10 , the operation state control performed by the electronic controller 42 will be described in detail. Figure 10 For example, before the electronic controller 42 starts operating state control, it continuously monitors the connection of external power to the external I / F, the rotation speed of the rear wheels RW, and the output voltage of the power storage PS.

[0088] Specifically, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether external power equal to or greater than a predetermined power value is being supplied from the external I / F. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined power value is 4.5V. However, the predetermined power value is not limited to this value and may vary depending on needs and / or desires. For example, the predetermined power value may be between 3.5V and 5.5V. The electronic controller 42 monitors whether the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or greater than a predetermined speed value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined speed value is 36 rpm. However, the predetermined speed value is not limited to this value and may vary depending on needs and / or desires. For example, the predetermined speed value may be between 30-40 rpm. The electronic controller 42 also monitors whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than a predetermined power value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined power value is 4.6V. However, the predetermined power value is not limited to this value and may vary depending on needs and / or desires. For example, the predetermined power value may be between 3.6V and 5.6V.

[0089] If the electronic controller 42 determines that external power equal to or greater than 4.5 V is supplied from the external I / F, or if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotation speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or greater than 36 rpm and the output voltage of the power storage PS is equal to or greater than 4.6 V, then the electronic controller 42 starts operating state control.

[0090] First, the electronic controller 42 operates in a startup state ST10. During the startup state ST10, the electronic controller 42 enables discharge from the power storage PS ("LIC discharge = ON") and prohibits discharge from the external I / F ("PLC discharge = OFF"). The electronic controller 42 then begins a startup process to initialize the various components of the electrical device ED.

[0091] When the startup process is complete, the electronic controller 42 then monitors the voltage level at the external I / F (i.e., "PLC voltage") and determines whether the voltage level at the external I / F is equal to or greater than a predetermined power value (step S10). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined power value is 3V. However, the predetermined power value is not limited to this value and may vary as needed and / or desired. For example, the predetermined power value may be a value between 2-4V.

[0092] If the electronic controller 42 determines that the voltage level at the external I / F is equal to or greater than 3V ("YES" in step S10), the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the startup state ST10 to the external power supply connection state ST12 (transition T2). During the external power supply connection state ST12, the electronic controller 42 prohibits power discharge from the power storage PS ("LIC discharge = OFF") and power discharge from the external I / F ("PLC discharge = OFF"). The electronic controller 42 then periodically monitors the connection of external power to the external I / F. If the electronic controller 42 detects disconnection of the external power, the electronic controller 42 ends the operating state control (transition T4).

[0093] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the voltage level at the external I / F is less than 3V ("No" in step S10), the electronic controller 42 further determines whether the storage state of the power storage device PS is abnormal (step S12). Specifically, the electronic controller 42 determines whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than a predetermined upper threshold, and whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is less than a predetermined lower threshold. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined upper threshold is 7.8V, and the predetermined lower threshold is 4.6V. However, the predetermined upper and lower thresholds are not limited to these values ​​and may vary as needed and / or desired. For example, the predetermined upper threshold may be a value between 6.8 and 8.8V, and the predetermined lower threshold may be a value between 3.6 and 5.6V.

[0094] If the electronic controller 42 determines that the output voltage of the power storage PS is equal to or greater than 7.8V (i.e., the overcharge state of the power storage PS), or the output voltage of the power storage PS is less than 4.6V ("Yes" in step S12), the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the startup state ST10 to the power-off operating state ST14 (transition T6). During the power-off operating state ST14, the electronic controller 42 executes a shutdown program to shut down the electrical device ED.

[0095] Specifically, during the power-off operating state ST14, the electronic controller 42 updates the error log stored in the data storage device 48. Fundamentally, the electronic circuit board ECB is designed to prevent the electronic controller 42 from starting up without an external power supply when the output voltage of the power storage device PS falls below 4.6V. However, if the electronic controller 42 is activated (powered on) due to a wiring error, the electronic controller 42 terminates the operating state control after updating the error log (transition T8). Similarly, the electronic circuit board ECB is designed to prevent the power storage device PS from overcharging. However, if an overcharge occurs, the electronic controller 42 also terminates the operating state control after updating the error log (transition T8).

[0096] Furthermore, during the power-off operating state ST14, the electronic controller 42 first allows discharge from the power storage PS ("LIC discharge = ON") and prohibits discharge from the external I / F ("PLC discharge = OFF"). Thereafter, the electronic controller 42 prohibits discharge from the power storage PS ("LIC discharge = OFF") and resets itself to prevent the electronic controller 42 from becoming unable to perform any actions. Once the shutdown process is complete, the electronic controller 42 ends the operating state control (transition T8).

[0097] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the output voltage of the power storage PS is equal to or greater than 4.6 V and less than 7.8 V ("No" in step S12), the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the start-up process ST10 to the shifting operation state ST15 (transition T9). During the shifting operation state ST15, the electronic controller 42 can control the rear derailleur RD in the manual control mode or the automatic control mode and perform shifting control of the rear derailleur RD.

[0098] During the shift operation state ST15 , the electronic controller 42 first allows power discharge from the external I / F (“PLC discharge=ON”) and power discharge from the power storage PS (“LIC discharge=ON”), and then operates in the normal operation state ST16 .

[0099] During the normal operation state ST16, the electronic controller 42 can control the rear derailleur RD in the manual control mode or the automatic control mode and perform shift control of the rear derailleur RD. The operation in the normal operation state ST16 will be described in detail later.

[0100] During the normal operating state ST16, the electronic controller 42 periodically monitors whether the storage state of the power storage device PS is in an abnormal state. In particular, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than a predetermined power value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined power value is 7.8V. However, the predetermined power value is not limited to this value and may vary as needed and / or desired. For example, the predetermined power value may be a value between 6.8 and 8.8V. The electronic controller 42 further monitors whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or less than a second predetermined power value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the second predetermined power value is 4.6V. However, the second predetermined power value is not limited to this value and may vary as needed and / or desired. For example, the second predetermined power value may be a value between 3.6 and 5.6V. The electronic controller 42 further monitors whether there is an overcurrent in the electronic circuit board ECB. If the electronic controller 42 determines that the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than 7.8V, the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or less than 4.6V, or an overcurrent exists in the electronic circuit board ECB, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the power-off operating state ST14 (transition T10). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state includes a second storage state, i.e., the output voltage of the power storage device PS (e.g., power value) becomes equal to or less than (or lower than) 4.6V (e.g., a second predetermined power value). The operating state further includes a power-off operating state ST14 (e.g., a second power-off operating state). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the power-off operating state ST14 based on information related to the second storage state.

[0101] During normal operating state ST16, the electronic controller 42 also monitors whether a pulse corresponding to the frequency of the alternating current from the electric generator 26 (i.e., a vehicle speed pulse) is output from the output state detection sensor 52. If the vehicle speed pulse is detected, the electronic controller 42 further determines whether the rotational speed of the rear wheels RW is equal to or less than a first predetermined speed value (step S14). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the first predetermined speed value is 49 rpm. However, the first predetermined speed value is not limited to this value and may vary as needed and / or desired. For example, the first predetermined speed value may be a value between 36 and 60 rpm.

[0102] If the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheels RW is greater than 49 rpm (“No” in step S14), the electronic controller 42 returns to the normal operating state ST16 and continues to monitor the vehicle speed pulse.

[0103] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than 49 rpm ("YES" in step S14), the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the operating state includes the normal operating state ST16 and the energy-saving operating state (e.g., power-saving operating state) ST18. The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12) based on information related to the output state of the electric generator 26. Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, the output state includes a first output state, namely, when the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW of the bicycle V (e.g., a speed value related to the forward speed) becomes equal to or less than (or lower than) 49 rpm (e.g., a first predetermined speed value). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12) based on information related to the first output state. Operations in the energy-saving operating state ST18 will be described in detail later. Here, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 may further determine whether the rear derailleur RD is permitted to operate or is permitted to operate in the energy-saving operating state ST18. In this case, when the rear derailleur RD is not permitted to operate or is not permitted to operate in the energy-saving operating state ST18, even if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than 49 rpm ("YES" in step S14), the electronic controller 42 does not control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 determines whether the rear derailleur RD is permitted to operate or is permitted to operate in the energy-saving operating state ST18 by reading a status flag that has changed in response to a notification from the rear derailleur RD.

[0104] During the normal operating state ST16, the electronic controller 42 also monitors whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or less than a first predetermined power value. In other words, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether a low voltage state (i.e., "LIC low voltage") has occurred in the power storage device PS. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the first predetermined power value is 6V. However, the first predetermined power value is not limited to this value and may vary as needed and / or desired. For example, the first predetermined power value may be 5-7V. In particular, the first predetermined power value may be set to a power value that is not determined to be an abnormal state of the storage state of the power storage device PS. For example, the first predetermined power value may be set to a power value between 4.6V and 7.8V, which is used to determine transitions T6 and T10. If the electronic controller 42 determines that the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or less than 6V, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T14). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state includes a first storage state, namely, when the output voltage of the power storage device PS (e.g., the power value of the power storage device) becomes equal to or less than (or lower than) 6V (e.g., the first predetermined power value). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 based on information related to the first storage state. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the second predetermined power value (4.6V) is less than the first predetermined power value (6V). In the illustrated embodiment, when the electronic controller 42 determines that the power storage device PS is in a low voltage state (i.e., "LIC low voltage"), the electronic controller 42 immediately controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T14). However, the electronic controller 42 may be configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T14) when the electronic controller 42 determines that the power storage device PS is in a low voltage state (i.e., "LIC low voltage") for more than two seconds. In this case, the electronic controller 42 may also be configured such that, when the electronic controller 42 determines the low voltage state of the power storage PS (i.e., "LIC low voltage") while the rear derailleur RD is not shifting, the electronic controller 42 immediately controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T14).

[0105] During the normal operating state ST16, the electronic controller 42 also periodically monitors whether the voltage level at the external I / F (i.e., "PLC voltage") is greater than the output voltage of the power storage device PS. If the electronic controller 42 determines that the voltage level at the external I / F is greater than the output voltage of the power storage device PS, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the external power supply connection state ST12 (transition T16). In the illustrated embodiment, to prevent erroneous detection, the electronic controller 42 may compare the voltage level at the external I / F with a voltage value in which a predetermined offset voltage, such as 0.2V, is added to the output voltage of the power storage device PS.

[0106] During the normal operating state ST16, the electronic controller 42 also monitors whether a power-off command has been received from another main controller or component. If the electronic controller 42 determines that a power-off command has been received from another main controller or component, the electronic controller 42 changes the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the external power connection state ST12 (transition T18). Furthermore, for example, in the illustrated embodiment, when the electronic circuit board ECB includes a wireless communicator for communicating with wireless communicators of other electric components of the bicycle V, the electronic controller 42 may be configured to prevent wireless communication when the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is less than a predetermined speed value, such as 36 rpm, corresponding to a forward speed of 5 km / h.

[0107] When the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the normal operating state ST16 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T12 or T14), the electronic controller 42 monitors whether a wake-up command is received. If the electronic controller 42 determines that a wake-up command is received, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 to the normal operating state ST16 (transition T20).

[0108] During the energy-saving operating state ST18, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether the rotation detection sensor 25 detects the rotation of the rear sprocket CS. In the illustrated embodiment, the rotation detection sensor 25 can output a pulse (i.e., a "CS pulse") in response to detecting the detected component 24. In this case, the electronic controller 42 can monitor whether the rotation of the rear sprocket CS is detected by the rotation detection sensor 25 by monitoring whether the CS pulse is received from the rotation detection sensor 25.

[0109] If the electronic controller 42 determines that no CS pulses have been received within a predetermined time period, such as 60 seconds, the electronic controller 42 further determines whether the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than a second predetermined speed value (step S16). For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the second predetermined speed value is 36 rpm. However, the second predetermined speed value is not limited to this value and may vary as needed and / or desired. For example, the second predetermined speed value may be between 30 and 40 rpm. If the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW exceeds 36 rpm ("No" in step S16), the electronic controller 42 returns to the energy-saving operating state ST18 and continues to monitor the CS pulses. On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than 36 rpm ("Yes" in step S16), the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 to the power-off operating state ST14 (transition T22). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the output state includes a second output state, in which the rotational speed (e.g., speed value) of the rear wheel RW becomes equal to or less than (or lower than) 36 rpm (e.g., a second predetermined speed value). The second predetermined speed value (36 rpm) is less than the first predetermined speed value (49 rpm). The operating state also includes a power-off operating state ST14 (e.g., a first power-off operating state). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 to the power-off operating state ST14 (e.g., the first power-off operating state) based on information related to the second output state.

[0110] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that a CS pulse has been received, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 to the wake-up determination state ST20 (transition T24). In other words, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 uses the receipt of a CS pulse as the wake-up condition from the energy-saving operating state ST18. However, the wake-up condition is not limited to this. The electronic controller 42 may detect as a wake-up condition the reverse rotation timing of the rear sprocket CS (e.g., the time when forward rotation changes to reverse rotation), the interruption of the rotation of the rear sprocket CS, the release of the signal indicating a low voltage in the LIC (e.g., the time when the electronic controller 42 does not determine the low voltage state of the power storage device PS), or an overcurrent in the external I / F (i.e., an overcurrent in the PLC line). Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, these wake-up conditions may also be used as wake-up conditions for waking up from other sleep states of the electronic controller 42.

[0111] During the wake-up determination state ST20, the electronic controller 42 monitors whether the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is greater than a third predetermined speed value. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the third predetermined speed value is 36 rpm. However, the third predetermined speed value is not limited to this value and may be different as needed and / or desired. For example, the third predetermined speed value may be a value between 30-40 rpm. The electronic controller 42 also monitors whether the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the predetermined value is 6 V and is the same as the first predetermined power value (see transition T14). However, the predetermined threshold is not limited thereto and may be different from 6 V as needed and / or desired. For example, the predetermined threshold may be a value between 5-7 V.

[0112] If the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotation speed of the rear wheel RW is equal to or less than 36 rpm, or the output voltage of the power storage PS is less than 6 V, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the wake-up determination state ST20 to the energy-saving operating state ST18 (transition T26).

[0113] On the other hand, if the electronic controller 42 determines that the rotational speed of the rear wheel RW is greater than 36 rpm and the output voltage of the power storage device PS is equal to or greater than 6 V, the electronic controller 42 controls the operating state from the wake-up determination state ST20 to the normal operating state ST16 (transition T28). Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the output state includes a third output state, i.e., the rotational speed (e.g., speed value) of the rear wheel RW becomes greater than (or exceeds) 36 rpm (e.g., a third predetermined speed value). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 to the normal operating state ST16 (via the wake-up determination state ST20) based on information related to the third output state. In addition, in the illustrated embodiment, the storage state includes a third storage state, i.e., the output voltage (e.g., power value) of the power storage device PS becomes equal to or greater than 6 V (e.g., a first predetermined power value). The electronic controller 42 is configured to control the operating state from the energy-saving operating state ST18 to the normal operating state ST16 (via the wake-up determination state ST20) based on information related to the third storage state.

[0114] Through the operation state control according to the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 operates differently according to the operation states ( ST10 , ST12 , ST14 , ST16 , ST18 , and ST20 ), as shown in the following table.

[0115]

[0116]

[0117] Specifically, as shown in the table above, in the energy-saving operating state ST18 and the wakeup determination state ST20, the functions and / or performance (e.g., clock frequency) of the electronic controller 42 are limited relative to the normal operating state ST16. Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is configured to limit the functionality of the rear derailleur RD (e.g., a component) by limiting the functions and / or performance of the electronic controller 42 in the energy-saving operating state ST18 and the wakeup determination state ST20. Specifically, for example, in the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is configured to reduce the operating rate of the rear derailleur RD in the energy-saving operating state ST18 and the wakeup determination state ST20 relative to the normal operating state ST16 by reducing the clock frequency and input capture rate and disabling 1ms periodic processing. Specifically, through this operating state control, the electronic controller 42 is configured to reduce the responsiveness (e.g., operating rate) of the rear derailleur RD shifting operation in the energy-saving operating state ST18 and the wakeup determination state ST20 relative to the normal operating state ST16. Therefore, by this operating state control, when the electronic controller 42 operates the rear derailleur RD in the energy-saving operating state ST18 or the wake-up determination state ST20, the current consumption of the electronic circuit board ECB and the rear derailleur RD can be suppressed. Therefore, even if the charging current generated by the electric power generator 26 becomes low, the operable period can be ensured.

[0118] In the illustrated embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the electronic circuit board ECB further includes a rectifier 56. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the electrical device ED further includes a rectifier 56. In the illustrated embodiment, the rectifier 56 is electrically connected between the power generator 26 and the power storage PS. The rectifier 56 is configured to rectify the power output from the power generator 26. Specifically, the rectifier 56 is an electrical device or circuit that converts the alternating current (AC) power from the power generator 26 into direct current (DC) power, thereby supplying the DC power to the power storage PS and the electrical components of the bicycle V.

[0119] Figure 11 , which shows a circuit diagram showing the electrical connection of the power generator and the power storage PS via the rectifier 56. In the embodiment shown, as Figure 11As shown, power storage PS includes first and second capacitors 44, 46 (e.g., a plurality of power storage elements) connected in series with each other. Rectifier 56 includes a first diode 60 and a second diode 62. First and second diodes 60, 62 are connected between power generator 26 and first and second capacitors 44, 46 so that one of first and second diodes 60, 62 conducts during each half cycle. Specifically, when the output voltage of power generator 26 is positive, first capacitor 44 is charged via first diode 60, and when the output voltage of power generator 26 is negative, second capacitor 46 is charged via second diode 62. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, first and second capacitors 44, 46 (e.g., a plurality of power storage elements) are configured to store the power output from power generator 26 in a time-division manner.

[0120] In addition, if Figure 11 As shown, the first and second capacitors 44, 46 can be charged to the same output voltage of the power generator 26. Therefore, a total output voltage twice the output voltage of the power generator 26 can be obtained between the two series-connected capacitors 44, 46. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the first and second diodes 60, 62 of the rectifier 56 and the first and second capacitors 44, 46 (e.g., power storage elements) are configured to form a voltage multiplier circuit. In the illustrated embodiment, as shown Figure 11 As shown, the rectifier 56 and the power storage device PS form a voltage multiplier circuit having a voltage multiplication factor of 2. However, the rectifier 56 and the power storage device PS may be configured differently to form a voltage multiplier circuit having a voltage multiplication factor greater than 2. With this configuration, even if the power generator 26 generates only a low output voltage, the first capacitor 44 and the second capacitor 46 of the power storage device PS can be charged while ensuring the amount of charging current.

[0121] In the illustrated embodiment, Figure 11 As shown, the rectifier 56 is configured to form a voltage multiplier circuit. However, the rectifier 56 is not limited thereto. For example, Figure 12 As shown, the rectifier 56 may be formed as a full-bridge rectifier circuit that simultaneously charges the first and second capacitors 44 , 46 of the power storage PS as needed and / or desired.

[0122] In the illustrated embodiment, the electronic controller 42 is shown controlling the operating state of the rear derailleur RD. However, the electronic controller 42 can similarly control the operating state of any other electrically powered components of the bicycle V. For example, these electrically powered components include the height-adjustable seat post ASP, the rear shock absorber RS, the front fork FF, the electric drive unit DU, and the like. For example, in this case, the controller is configured to reduce the operating rate of the electrically powered components in the energy-saving operating state ST18 and the wake-up determination state ST20 by lowering the clock frequency and input capture rate, and disabling 1ms periodic processing, relative to the normal operating state ST16. Specifically, for example, with respect to the height-adjustable seat post ASP, the rear shock absorber RS, and the front fork FF, the electronic controller 42 is configured to reduce the response (e.g., operating rate) of the height adjustment control of the height-adjustable seat post ASP, as well as the response (e.g., operating rate) of the stiffness and / or stroke length control of the rear shock absorber RS ​​and the front fork FF. Furthermore, for example, with respect to the electric drive unit DU, the electronic controller 42 is configured to reduce the force generation rate to assist pedaling (e.g., operating rate) of the electric drive unit DU. Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the operating rate includes at least one rate of force generation to assist pedaling. Furthermore, when the electronic circuit board ECB includes a wireless communicator for communicating with wireless communicators of other electric components of the bicycle V, the electronic controller 42 may be configured to reduce the wireless communication rate (e.g., operating rate) of the wireless communicator in the energy-saving operating state ST18 and the wake-up determination state ST20 relative to the normal operating state ST16.

[0123] In understanding the scope of the present invention, the terms "include" and its derivatives as used herein are intended to be open terms, indicating the presence of stated features, elements, components, groups, integers and / or steps, but not excluding the presence of other unspecified features, elements, components, groups, integers and / or steps. The foregoing also applies to words with similar meanings, such as the terms "include," "have" and their derivatives. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the terms "portion," "part," "member," or "element" when used in the singular can have the dual meaning of a single part or a plurality of parts.

[0124] As used herein, the following directional terms "forward," "backward," "front," "back," "upward," "downward," "above," "below," "above," "below," "top," "bottom," "side," "longitudinal," "horizontal," "vertical," and "lateral," and any other similar directional terms, refer to those directions of a human-powered vehicle (e.g., a bicycle) in an upright, riding position and equipped with electrical equipment. Therefore, these directional terms used to describe electrical equipment should be understood relative to a human-powered vehicle (e.g., a bicycle) in an upright riding position on a horizontal surface and equipped with control equipment. The terms "left" and "right" are used to indicate "right" when referenced from the right side when viewed from the rear of a human-powered vehicle (e.g., a bicycle), and "left" when referenced from the left side when viewed from the rear of a human-powered vehicle (e.g., a bicycle).

[0125] The phrase "at least one" as used in this disclosure refers to "one or more" of the desired options. For example, if the number of options is two, the phrase "at least one" as used in this disclosure means "only a single option" or "two of the two options." For another example, if the number of options is equal to or greater than three, the phrase "at least one" as used in this disclosure means "only a single option" or "any combination of equal to or greater than two options." Furthermore, the term "and / or" as used in this disclosure means "one or two of them."

[0126] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the terms "first" and "second" may be used herein to describe various components, these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another. Thus, for example, the first component discussed above could be referred to as the second component, and vice versa, without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

[0127] As used herein, the terms "attached to" or "attached" encompass configurations where an element is directly adhered to another element, where an element is directly secured to another element, where an element is indirectly secured to another element by adhering the element to an intermediate component that is in turn adhered to the other element, and where one element is integral with another element, i.e., where one element is substantially a part of the other element. This definition also applies to words of similar meaning, such as "coupled," "connected," "joined," "mounted," "bonded," "secured," and their derivatives. Finally, as used herein, terms of degree such as "substantially," "approximately," and "approximately" refer to an amount of deviation from the modified term such that the end result is not significantly changed.

[0128] Although only selected embodiments have been chosen to illustrate the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made herein from this disclosure without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. For example, unless otherwise specified, the size, shape, position, or orientation of the various components may be varied as needed and / or desired, provided that such changes do not materially affect their intended function. Components shown as being directly connected or in contact with each other may have intermediate structures disposed therebetween, provided that such changes do not materially affect their intended function, unless otherwise specified. The functions of one element may be performed by two elements, and vice versa, unless otherwise specified. The structures and functions of one embodiment may be employed in another embodiment. It is not necessary for all advantages to be present in a particular embodiment simultaneously. Each feature that is unique from the prior art, alone or in combination with other features, should also be considered a separate description of further inventions by the applicant, including the structural and / or functional concepts embodied by such feature. Therefore, the foregoing description of the embodiments according to the present invention is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to limit the present invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control device for a human-powered vehicle, the human-powered vehicle comprising a generator configured to output electric power, a power storage device electrically connected to the generator, and a component having an actuator actuated by electric power from at least one of the generator and the power storage device, the control device comprising: a controller electrically connected to at least one of the generator and the power storage device, the controller being configured to control an operating state of the component based on information related to at least one of an output state of the generator and a storage state of the power storage device, wherein the operating state includes a normal operating state, a power-saving operating state, and a power-off operating state, the power consumption of the power-saving operating state is less than the power consumption of the normal operating state, the power consumption of the power-off operating state is less than the power consumption of the power-saving operating state, and wherein The controller is configured to control the operation state from the normal operation state to the power saving operation state or the power off operation state according to the information.

2. A control device for a human-powered vehicle, the human-powered vehicle comprising a generator configured to output electric power, a power storage device electrically connected to the generator, and a component having an actuator actuated by electric power from at least one of the generator and the power storage device, the control device comprising: a controller electrically connected to at least one of the generator and the power storage device, the controller being configured to control an operating state of the component based on information related to at least one of an output state of the generator and a storage state of the power storage device, The operating state includes a normal operating state and a power-saving operating state, and The controller is configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state to the power saving operating state according to the information, and wherein The controller is configured to reduce the operating rate of the component in the power saving operating state relative to the normal operating state by reducing clock frequency and input capture rate and by shutting down periodic processing.

3. The control device according to claim 2, wherein The operating state also includes a power-off operating state, and The controller is configured to control the operation state from the normal operation state to the power saving operation state or the power off operation state according to the information.

4. The control device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein The output state includes a first output state in which a speed value associated with the forward speed of the human-powered vehicle becomes equal to or smaller than a first predetermined speed value, and The controller is configured to control the operation state from the normal operation state to the power-saving operation state according to information related to the first output state.

5. The control device according to claim 4, wherein The output state further includes a second output state in which the speed value becomes equal to or less than a second predetermined speed value, The second predetermined speed value is less than the first predetermined speed value, The power-off operating state includes a first power-off operating state, and The controller is further configured to control the operating state from the power-saving operating state to the first power-off operating state according to information related to the second output state.

6. The control device according to claim 4, wherein The output state further includes a third output state in which the speed value becomes greater than a third predetermined speed value, and The controller is further configured to control the operation state from the power-saving operation state to the normal operation state according to information related to the third output state.

7. The control device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein The storage state includes a first storage state in which the power value of the power storage device becomes equal to or less than a first predetermined power value, and The controller is configured to control the operation state from the normal operation state to the power saving operation state according to information related to the first storage state.

8. The control device according to claim 7, wherein The storage state further includes a second storage state in which the power value becomes equal to or less than a second predetermined power value, The second predetermined power value is smaller than the first predetermined power value, The power-off operating state includes a second power-off operating state, and The controller is further configured to control the operating state from the normal operating state to the second power-off operating state according to information associated with the second storage state.

9. The control device according to claim 7, wherein The storage state further includes a third storage state in which the power value of the power storage device becomes equal to or greater than a first predetermined power value, and The controller is further configured to control the operating state from the power saving operating state to the normal operating state according to information associated with the third storage state.

10. The control device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The controller is configured to limit the function of the component in the power saving operating state.

11. The control device according to claim 10, wherein The controller is configured to reduce the operating rate of the component in the power saving operating state, and The operating rate includes at least one of a rate of force generation to assist pedaling.

12. An electrical device comprising A control device according to claim 1 or 2; and A component having an actuator that is activated in response to operation of the operating member.

13. The electrical device according to claim 12, further comprising A rectifier is electrically connected between the generator and the power storage device, and is configured to rectify the power output from the generator.

14. The electrical device according to claim 13, wherein The power storage device includes a plurality of power storage elements connected in series with respect to each other, the plurality of power storage elements being configured to store power output from the generator in a time-division manner.

15. The electrical device according to claim 14, wherein The rectifier and the power storage element are configured to form a voltage multiplier circuit.

16. The electrical device according to claim 12, further comprising hub axle; and The hub body is rotatably arranged relative to the hub shaft, The generator is arranged between the hub shaft and the hub body.

17. The electrical device according to claim 16, wherein The power storage device is provided to the hub axle.

18. The electrical device according to claim 17, wherein The power storage device is accommodated inside the hub body.

19. The electrical device according to claim 16, wherein The controller is provided to the hub body.

20. A system for human-powered vehicle, the system comprising: The electrical device according to claim 12.

21. The control device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein The components include a rear derailleur.

22. The control device according to claim 21, wherein The controller is configured to reduce a response of a shifting operation of the rear derailleur in the power-saving operating state relative to the normal operating state.

23. The control device according to claim 3, wherein The power consumption of the power saving operation state is less than that of the normal operation state, and the power consumption of the power-off operation state is less than that of the power saving operation state.

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