Foundation construction drilling cylinder down-the-hole hammer construction technology under complex geological conditions

Abstract

The application discloses a drilling cylinder down-the-hole hammer construction process for foundation construction under complex geological conditions and belongs to the field of drilling. The process flow is as follows: measuring and positioning on the construction site, planning pile foundation construction sequence, and drilling machine positioning; drilling cylinder down-the-hole hammer drilling tools are adopted, the drilling machine is started, the drilling cylinder is rotated downward, and quantitative water is injected into the drilling hole at the same time; after a certain depth, drilling slag is extracted; when drilling to a complex hard stratum, the down-the-hole hammer extends the drilling cylinder, air is pressed into the piston cylinder, the down-the-hole hammer vibrates, the down-the-hole hammer strikes and crushes the complex hard stratum, and the drilling continues downward after penetrating the complex stratum; after drilling to the designed depth, the grouting pipe is opened to suck the hole bottom sediment and clean the hole; after cleaning the hole, the drilling cylinder down-the-hole hammer drilling tool is lifted upward at the same time, concrete is pressed and poured into the drilling hole, and the whole pile foundation construction is completed, and the process is shifted to the next pile position. The application faces various complex geological conditions, the foundation construction process flow is simple, the drilling tool does not have to be repeatedly pulled out of the well, and the practicability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a drilling process, in particular to a drilling barrel down-the-hole hammer construction process for foundation construction under complex geological conditions. Background Art

[0002] The so-called loose and broken strata, such as sand layers, gravel strata, broken zones, rock backfill strata, etc., are often unstable when drilling in such strata at home and abroad. They are classified as unstable strata in the drilling industry and belong to complex geological conditions. For different types of strata, the drilling construction methods are different and the problems are also different. For example, for unstable strata with thin thickness, there is a certain cohesion between the stratum particles, the stratum pores are relatively small, and there is no large leakage. For strata with high penetration depths, forward and reverse circulation drilling with mud wall protection is used. This is technically demanding and can easily lead to hole wall collapse due to water immersion, which can cause mud viscosity to decrease or mud pressure changes to change, resulting in drilling accidents, low drilling efficiency, and severe drill bit wear. For hard rock formations, such as gravel formations containing boulders and rolling stones, wireline percussion drilling is used. The impact of the drill bit and the addition of clay into the hole can effectively protect the hole wall and ensure its stability. However, the hole wall is not stable when water is present or the stratum porosity is relatively large. In some complex geological conditions, it may be necessary to replace various drilling tools, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and reduces work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a foundation construction drill barrel down-the-hole hammer construction process under complex geological conditions. It has strong versatility in dealing with various complex geological conditions, a simple process flow, the drill tool does not need to be repeatedly out of the well, the drill tool is easy to operate, and the work efficiency is high.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The construction process of the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer for foundation construction under complex geological conditions has the following process flow: measurement and positioning are carried out on the basis of a smooth construction site, reasonable planning of the pile foundation construction sequence, and positioning of the drilling rig; using the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool, starting the drilling rig, the drill barrel rotates to drill downward, and at the same time, a certain amount of water is injected into the borehole through the grouting pipe. After drilling to a certain depth, the drill cuttings are extracted through the grouting pipe; when drilling to complex hard formations such as gravel with large pebbles, medium and slightly weathered boulders, and concrete obstacles, the down-the-hole hammer extends the drill barrel, and the air compressor presses air into the piston cylinder. The down-the-hole hammer vibrates, and the down-the-hole hammer strikes and crushes the complex hard formation, and continues to drill downward after penetrating the complex formation; after drilling to the designed depth, the grouting pipe is opened to absorb the sediment at the bottom of the hole and clean the hole. After the hole is cleaned, the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is lifted upward while concrete is pressed into the borehole through the grouting pipe until the entire pile foundation construction is completed and the next pile position is transferred.

[0006] Furthermore, when the collapsed sand layer is deep, after the drilling is completed, the down-the-hole hammer is retracted into the drill barrel, and cement slurry is injected between the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool and the borehole wall. After the cement slurry and the sand layer form a good protective wall, it is lifted to a certain height, and then cement slurry is injected until the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is pulled out of the borehole, and then the steel cage is lowered into the borehole, the concrete pouring guide tube is placed, the hole is cleaned, and concrete is poured into the borehole to complete the entire pile foundation construction.

[0007] Furthermore, when the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is lifted from the hole and encounters a drill stuck situation, the flow path of air entering the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is adjusted to make the down-the-hole hammer vibrate upward until the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is lifted out of the hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drilling tool includes a drill barrel, a down-the-hole hammer device, a hydraulic rod, a grouting pipe and an air intake pipe device; the down-the-hole hammer device is installed inside the drill barrel and is connected via a hydraulic rod, and the down-the-hole hammer device can slide inside the drill barrel; the grouting pipe and the air intake pipe device pass through the top of the drill barrel and extend into the down-the-hole hammer device, and both the drill barrel and the down-the-hole hammer device can slide up and down along the grouting pipe and the air intake pipe device.

[0009] Furthermore, the down-the-hole hammer device includes a down-the-hole hammer, anvil plate 1, anvil plate 2, a piston, a piston cylinder upper portion, a piston cylinder middle portion and a one-way air intake valve; the piston cylinder upper portion, the anvil plate 1, the piston cylinder middle portion and the anvil plate 2 of the down-the-hole hammer are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the piston is installed in the piston cylinder, the air intake pipe device extends into the piston, and the grouting pipe extends into the down-the-hole hammer; the one-way air intake valve is vertically installed in the piston.

[0010] Furthermore, the air intake pipe device includes an air intake pipe 1 and an air intake pipe 2; the air intake pipe 1 and the air intake pipe 2 pass through the drill pipe and extend into the piston.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] The present invention can cope with various complex geological conditions. Under general geological conditions, the drill barrel can be drilled directly to the designed depth. When encountering complex hard formations such as large gravel, boulders, boulders or underground concrete obstacles, the down-the-hole hammer extends from the drill barrel to continue drilling through the complex formation until the designed depth. The drilling tool is designed with reverse vibration of the down-the-hole hammer to solve the problem of drill sticking when the drill tool is out of the well. When the hole is drilled to the designed depth, concrete can be poured through the grouting pipe of the down-the-hole hammer to carry out pile foundation grouting construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drilling tool.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the down-the-hole hammer extending out of the drill barrel in the down-the-hole hammer drilling tool.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a front view of the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drilling tool.

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Middle AA section view.

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Middle BB cross-section.

[0019] Among them, in the figure:

[0020] 1-drill barrel, 2-hydraulic rod, 3-piston cylinder upper, 4-anvil 1, 5-piston, 6-one-way air intake valve, 7-anvil 2, 8-down-the-hole hammer, 9-grouting pipe, 10-intake pipe 1, 11-piston cylinder middle, 12-intake pipe 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Refer to the attached Figure 1-5As shown, the present invention provides a drill barrel down-the-hole hammer construction process for foundation construction under complex geological conditions, using a drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool to guide the hole. The drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool includes a drill barrel 1, a down-the-hole hammer device, a hydraulic rod 2, a grouting pipe 9, and an air intake pipe device; the down-the-hole hammer device is installed inside the drill barrel 1 and connected via the hydraulic rod 2, and the down-the-hole hammer device can slide inside the drill barrel 1; the grouting pipe 9 and the air intake pipe device pass through the top of the drill barrel 1 and extend into the down-the-hole hammer device, and the drill barrel 1 and the down-the-hole hammer device can both slide up and down along the grouting pipe 9 and the air intake pipe device. The drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool of the present invention is connected to a rotary power device, not shown in the figure, and the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool rotates vertically downward to drill a hole; the grouting pipe 9 can be used to inject mud and water into the borehole, and waste residue in the borehole can also be extracted from the borehole through the grouting pipe 9; the end of the drill barrel 1 is serrated to facilitate downward drilling.

[0023] The down-the-hole hammer assembly includes a down-the-hole hammer 8, anvil block 1 4, anvil block 2 7, a piston 5, an upper piston cylinder 3, a middle piston cylinder 11, and a one-way air intake valve 6. The upper piston cylinder 3, anvil block 1 4, middle piston cylinder 11, and anvil block 2 7 are connected sequentially from top to bottom. The piston 5 is mounted in the middle piston cylinder 11, the air intake pipe assembly extends into the piston 5, and the grouting pipe 9 extends into the down-the-hole hammer 8. The one-way air intake valve 6 is vertically mounted in the piston 5. There are an even number of one-way air intake valves 6, evenly distributed on the piston 5. There are four one-way air intake valves 6, divided into two groups, with the two groups of one-way air intake valves 6 in opposite directions. The anvil block 1 4, middle piston cylinder 11, and anvil block 2 7 enclose a sealed space within which the piston 5 moves up and down along the grouting pipe 9. The air intake pipe assembly includes an air intake pipe 10 and an air intake pipe 2 12. These air intake pipes 10 and 2 12 extend through the drill pipe 1 and into the piston 5. The air intake pipe assembly is connected to an air compressor (not shown). The air compressor draws air through the air intake pipe 2 12. Air enters the upper half of the piston 5, forcing it downward. When a certain pressure is reached, the one-way air intake valve 6, which directs air intake downward, opens, and the air is discharged through the air intake pipe 1 10. At this point, the down-the-hole hammer 8 vibrates vertically downward, and the hammer 8 drills downward. The air compressor draws air through the air intake pipe 10. Air enters the lower half of the piston 5, forcing it upward. When a certain pressure is reached, the one-way air intake valve 6, which directs air intake upward, opens, and the air is discharged through the air intake pipe 2 12. At this point, the hammer 8 vibrates vertically upward, resolving the problem of the hammer 8 sticking.

[0024] First, the site is leveled on the construction site. Surveying instruments are used to survey and stake out the entire site. The sequence of pile foundation construction is rationally planned. The drilling tool usage plan is determined based on the geological survey report and pile foundation design requirements. This invention incorporates the geological conditions of the construction site, and while many implementation options are possible, only typical implementations are listed below to address actual working conditions.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] When the sand layer of the soil at the construction site is deep, only the drill tube 1 can be used to drill a hole. The drilling rig is started, and the drill tube 1 rotates to drill the hole downward. At the same time, a certain amount of water is injected into the hole through the grouting pipe 9. After drilling to a certain depth, the drill cuttings are extracted through the grouting pipe 9. After drilling to the designed depth, the drill tube down-the-hole hammer drill tool is lifted upward while concrete is pressed into the hole through the grouting pipe 9 for grouting. Until the entire pile foundation construction is completed, it is transferred to the next pile position.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] When the collapsed sand layer of the soil on the construction site is deep, only the drill barrel 1 can be used to drill a hole. The drilling rig is started, and the drill barrel 1 rotates to drill downward. At the same time, a certain amount of water is injected into the borehole through the grouting pipe 9. After drilling down to a certain depth, the drill cuttings are extracted through the grouting pipe 9; after drilling to the designed depth, cement slurry is injected between the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool and the borehole wall. After the cement slurry and the sand layer form a good protective wall, the drill tool is lifted to a certain height, and then cement slurry is injected between the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool and the borehole wall until the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is lifted out of the borehole, and then a steel cage is lowered into the borehole, a concrete pouring guide tube is placed, and the hole is cleaned. After the hole is cleaned, concrete is poured into the borehole to complete the entire pile foundation construction.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] When the soil at the construction site is hard or there is a deep gravel layer, the shallow layer is drilled first with the drill barrel 1. The drill barrel 1 rotates to drill downward, and at the same time, a certain amount of water is injected into the borehole through the grouting pipe 9. After a certain depth, the drill cuttings are extracted, and the down-the-hole hammer 8 extends out of the drill barrel 1. The air compressor presses air into the piston 5, and the down-the-hole hammer 8 vibrates. The down-the-hole hammer 8 hits and crushes the large pebbles and continues to drill downward. After drilling to the designed depth, the grouting pipe 9 is opened to clear and absorb the sediment at the bottom of the hole. After the hole is cleaned, the drill barrel and the down-the-hole hammer drill tool are lifted upward, and concrete is pressed into the borehole through the grouting pipe 9 until the entire pile foundation construction is completed and the pile is transferred to the next pile position. When the strength requirements for the pile foundation are high, the second implementation plan can also be adopted. After drilling to the designed depth, cement slurry is injected between the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool and the borehole wall. After the cement slurry and the hole wall form a good protective wall, the drill tool is lifted to a certain height, and then cement slurry is injected between the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool and the borehole wall until the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is pulled out of the borehole. Then, the steel cage is lowered into the borehole, the concrete pouring guide tube is placed, and the hole is cleaned. After the hole is cleaned, concrete is poured into the borehole to complete the entire pile foundation construction.

[0031] Example 4

[0032] When the soil at the construction site is hard and the drilling is completed, the drill may get stuck during the lifting process. At this time, the air compressor takes in air through the air inlet pipe 10, and the air enters the lower half of the piston 5, squeezing the piston 5 to move upward. When a certain air pressure is reached, the one-way air inlet valve 6 with the air inlet direction upward opens, and the air is discharged through the air inlet pipe 2 12. At this time, the down-the-hole hammer 8 vibrates vertically upward until the down-the-hole hammer 8 is lifted out of the hole.

[0033] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0034] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The construction process of drilling barrel down-the-hole hammer for foundation construction under complex geological conditions is characterized by: The process flow is as follows: measure and locate on the basis of a smooth construction site, reasonably plan the sequence of pile foundation construction, and put the drilling rig in place; use a drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill, start the drill rig, rotate the drill barrel to drill downward, and at the same time inject a certain amount of water into the borehole through the grouting pipe. After drilling down to a certain depth, extract the drill cuttings through the grouting pipe; when drilling to a complex hard formation with large pebbles distributed among gravel, medium and slightly weathered boulders, and concrete obstacles, the down-the-hole hammer extends the drill barrel, and the air compressor presses air into the piston cylinder. The down-the-hole hammer vibrates, and the down-the-hole hammer strikes and crushes the complex hard formation, and continues to drill downward after penetrating the complex hard formation; after drilling to the designed depth, open the grouting pipe to absorb the sediment at the bottom of the hole to clean the hole. After the hole is cleaned, the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill is lifted upward while concrete is pressed into the borehole through the grouting pipe until the entire pile foundation construction is completed and transferred to the next pile position.

2. The construction process of a down-the-hole hammer for foundation construction under complex geological conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the collapsed sand layer is deep, after drilling is completed, the down-the-hole hammer is retracted into the drill barrel, and cement slurry is injected between the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool and the borehole wall. After the cement slurry and the sand layer form a good protective wall, it is lifted to a certain height, and then cement slurry is injected until the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is pulled out of the borehole. Then, the steel cage is lowered into the borehole, the concrete pouring guide tube is placed, the hole is cleaned, and concrete is poured into the borehole to complete the entire pile foundation construction.

3. The construction process of a down-the-hole hammer for foundation construction under complex geological conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is lifted from the hole and encounters a drill stuck situation, the flow path of the air entering the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is adjusted to make the down-the-hole hammer vibrate upward until the drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drill tool is lifted out of the hole.

4. The construction process of a down-the-hole hammer for foundation construction under complex geological conditions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drill barrel down-the-hole hammer drilling tool includes a drill barrel, a down-the-hole hammer device, a hydraulic rod, a grouting pipe and an air intake pipe device; the down-the-hole hammer device is installed inside the drill barrel and is connected via a hydraulic rod, and the down-the-hole hammer device can slide inside the drill barrel; the grouting pipe and the air intake pipe device pass through the top of the drill barrel and extend into the down-the-hole hammer device, and both the drill barrel and the down-the-hole hammer device can slide up and down along the grouting pipe and the air intake pipe device.

5. The construction process of a down-the-hole hammer for foundation construction under complex geological conditions according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The down-the-hole hammer device includes a down-the-hole hammer, anvil plate 1, anvil plate 2, a piston, a piston cylinder upper portion, a piston cylinder middle portion and a one-way air intake valve; the piston cylinder upper portion, the anvil plate 1, the piston cylinder middle portion, the anvil plate 2 and the down-the-hole hammer are connected in sequence from top to bottom, the piston is installed in the piston cylinder, the air intake pipe device extends into the piston, and the grouting pipe extends into the down-the-hole hammer; the one-way air intake valve is vertically installed in the piston.

6. The construction process of a down-the-hole hammer for foundation construction under complex geological conditions according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The air intake pipe device includes an air intake pipe 1 and an air intake pipe 2; the air intake pipe 1 and the air intake pipe 2 pass through the drill pipe and extend into the piston.

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