Open-pit coal mining device with dust control and removal functions and mining method thereof
By integrating coal mining units, belt conveyors, transfer units, and dust removal devices into open-pit coal mining equipment, a dynamic closed dust collection chamber is constructed, and a dust removal fan is used to solve the problem of dust diffusion in open-pit coal mining, achieving efficient dust control and removal effects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TAIYUAN INST OF CHINA COAL TECH & ENG GROUP
- Filing Date
- 2023-01-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
The lack of effective dust control and removal methods in existing open-pit coal mining has resulted in high dust concentrations, which endanger the health of workers and pollute the environment.
The system combines open-pit mining units, belt conveyors, transfer units, and dust removal devices. By absorbing coal dust in the dust collection chamber and using a dust removal fan to create negative pressure, a dynamically closed dust collection chamber is constructed to prevent the spread of coal dust.
It achieves efficient dust control and removal during open-pit coal mining, protecting the health of workers and preventing environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN115961957B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust control technology in open-pit coal mining, and in particular to an open-pit coal mining device and mining method with dust control and dust removal functions. Background Technology
[0002] To reduce occupational diseases among coal miners and improve air quality in the workplace, coal mine safety regulations impose strict requirements on dust concentration in the workplace. In open-pit coal mining, cutting-type mining equipment is generally the same as underground coal mining equipment. Dust control and removal methods in underground coal mines are based on the enclosed environment of the roadway and are basically unrelated to the mining equipment.
[0003] In open-pit coal mining, the mining environment is open, and the dust control and removal methods based on tunnel conditions in underground coal mines cannot be applied to open-pit coal mining.
[0004] Currently, open-pit mining generally still uses spray dust suppression methods. These methods are ineffective and can increase the moisture content of coal and damage the floor. Chemical foam and wetting agents are also used, but these can easily disperse in the wind, causing harm to people and the environment. It can be said that there is currently no suitable, effective, and environmentally friendly method for dust control in open-pit mining.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the market for an open-pit coal mining device and mining method with dust control and dust removal functions to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an open-pit coal mining device and method with dust control and dust removal functions, which solves the technical problems existing in the prior art, enabling efficient mining in open-pit mines and effective dust removal.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:
[0008] This invention discloses an open-pit coal mining device with dust control and dust removal functions, including an open-pit coal mining machine, a belt conveyor, a transfer unit, and a dust removal device. The open-pit coal mining machine is located on one side of the belt conveyor, the transfer unit is located between the open-pit coal mining machine and the belt conveyor, and the dust removal device is installed on the open-pit coal mining machine. The dust removal device is used to absorb coal dust generated when the open-pit coal mining machine cuts coal and rock.
[0009] Preferably, the open-pit coal mining unit includes a front mining and loading machine and a rear transfer machine, the front mining and loading machine and the rear transfer machine are hinged together, and the end of the rear transfer machine away from the front mining and loading machine is used to connect the transfer machine unit.
[0010] Preferably, the front loading machine includes a first scraper conveyor, a roller loading machine, and a second scraper conveyor, wherein the second scraper conveyor is connected to the rear transfer machine.
[0011] Preferably, the drum loading machine includes a cutting drum, which is disposed in a dust collection chamber. The dust collection chamber includes a top isolation plate, a side isolation plate, and a rear isolation plate. A dust suction port is provided on the rear isolation plate, and the dust removal device is disposed at the dust suction port.
[0012] Preferably, the dust removal device is a dust removal fan.
[0013] Preferably, the rear transfer machine includes a third conveyor and a fourth conveyor, wherein the third conveyor is connected to the front loading machine.
[0014] Preferably, the transfer unit includes several transfer machine bodies.
[0015] Preferably, the belt conveyor is located in the middle of the coalfield.
[0016] This invention also discloses a mining method for an open-pit coal mine mining device with dust control and dust removal functions, comprising the following steps:
[0017] S1. A trench is pre-excavated in the middle of the mining area, and then the mining area is divided into several strip-shaped mining areas on both sides of the trench along the direction of the trench.
[0018] S2. Install a belt conveyor in the trench. The open-pit coal mining unit uses the left side of the machine body as the belt conveyor. The cutting drum enters from the free face of coal and rock on the left side and swings to the right to cut and advance the mining until the end of the first belt mining area.
[0019] S3. The open-pit coal mining unit is moved to the other side of the belt conveyor. The direction of the equipment's movement is opposite to the previous working direction. The left side of the machine body is still the belt conveyor. The cutting drum enters from the free face of the coal and rock on the left and swings to the right to cut and advance forward to mine until the end of the second belt mining area.
[0020] S4. Repeat the operation in step S3 until all strip mining areas are completed;
[0021] S5. Coal is fed from the open-pit mine coal mining unit into the belt conveyor and finally transferred to the ground coal bunker.
[0022] Preferably, the dust removal device is used to absorb coal dust during the operation of the open-pit coal mining unit.
[0023] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:
[0024] This invention adopts a strip-type ring reciprocating cycle mining method, which can ensure that the open-pit coal mining unit always enters from the empty position on the left side of the equipment. Under the transverse swing cutting method, it is beneficial to build a dynamic closed dust collection chamber throughout the cutting process.
[0025] Furthermore, open-pit coal mining units are equipped with relatively enclosed dust collection chambers to contain the coal dust generated during the cutting process and prevent its spread.
[0026] Furthermore, the open-pit coal mining unit is equipped with a dust removal device. Through the suction effect of the dust removal fan, a negative pressure is formed in the small gap connecting the dust collection chamber and the outside, which enhances the dust control effect.
[0027] Ultimately, dust control and removal in open-pit mining were achieved through the dust removal device, which is a fully physical method. Attached Figure Description
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an open-pit coal mine mining device with dust control and dust removal functions in the second mining area, as shown in Example 1.
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an open-pit coal mine mining device with dust control and dust removal functions in the third mining area, as shown in Example 1.
[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the open-pit coal mining unit in an open-pit coal mining apparatus with dust control and dust removal functions, as shown in Example 1.
[0032] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the cutting drum in the open-pit coal mine mining device with dust control and dust removal functions in Example 1;
[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drum mining machine in an open-pit coal mine mining apparatus with dust control and dust removal functions, as shown in Example 1.
[0034] In the diagram: 1. Open-pit mine coal mining unit; 2. Transfer unit; 3. Belt conveyor; 4. First scraper conveyor; 5. Drum loading machine; 5.1. Cutting drum; 5.2. Side isolation plate; 5.3. Top isolation plate; 5.4. Rear isolation plate; 6. Second scraper conveyor; 7. Third conveyor; 8. Fourth conveyor; n0. Trench; n1. First strip mining area; n2. Second strip mining area; n3. Third strip mining area; n4. Fourth strip mining area; 2n. 2Nth strip mining area; 2n-1. 2N-1th strip mining area. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0036] The purpose of this invention is to provide an open-pit coal mining device and method with dust control and dust removal functions, which solves the technical problems existing in the prior art, enabling efficient mining in open-pit mines and effective dust removal.
[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0038] Example 1
[0039] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides an open-pit coal mining apparatus with dust control and removal functions, including an open-pit coal mining unit 1, a belt conveyor 3, a transfer unit 2, and a dust removal device. The open-pit coal mining unit 1 is located on one side of the belt conveyor 3. During operation, the open-pit coal mining unit 1 can also be moved to the other side of the belt conveyor 3 to adjust the mining position according to actual needs. The transfer unit 2 is located between the open-pit coal mining unit 1 and the belt conveyor 3 to connect them, facilitating coal transportation. The dust removal device is installed on the open-pit coal mining unit 1 and is used to absorb coal dust generated when the cutting drum 5.1 of the open-pit coal mining unit 1 cuts coal and rock.
[0040] In actual use, belt conveyor 3, transfer unit 2, and the open-pit coal mining unit 1 are started sequentially. The open-pit coal mining unit 1 is used for coal mining operations. The mined coal is then transported to the surface coal bunker via transfer unit 2 and belt conveyor 3. During this process, a dust removal device continuously removes coal dust generated during mining operations by the open-pit coal mining unit 1 to prevent dust from spreading and harming workers.
[0041] In this embodiment, the open-pit coal mining unit 1 includes a front mining and loading machine and a rear transfer machine, which are hinged together. The end of the rear transfer machine furthest from the front mining and loading machine is used to connect to the transfer machine unit 2. The front mining and loading machine is used for coal mining, while the rear transfer machine transports the mined coal to the transfer machine unit 2. Furthermore, a dust removal device is installed on the rear transfer machine.
[0042] In this embodiment, the front mining and loading machine includes a first scraper conveyor 4, a drum mining and loading machine 5, and a second scraper conveyor 6. The drum mining and loading machine 5 can be any existing coal mining and loading machine, and the first scraper conveyor 4 and the second scraper conveyor 6 are also existing scraper conveyors. The second scraper conveyor 6 is connected to the rear transfer conveyor, and the coal mined by the drum mining and loading machine 5 is transported to the rear transfer conveyor via the first scraper conveyor 4 and the second scraper conveyor 6.
[0043] In this embodiment, the drum mining machine 5 includes a cutting drum 5.1, which is driven to rotate by a cutting motor to achieve coal mining. This is common knowledge to those skilled in the art, so its specific structure will not be described in detail here. The cutting drum 5.1 is disposed in a dust collection chamber, which includes a top isolation plate 5.3, a side isolation plate 5.2, and a rear isolation plate 5.4. The side isolation plate 5.2 is located on one side of the cutting drum 5.1, the top isolation plate 5.3 is located on the top of the cutting drum 5.1, and the rear isolation plate 5.4 is located behind the cutting drum 5.1. These three isolation plates can form a relatively sealed dust collection chamber. Furthermore, the rear isolation plate 5.4 is provided with a dust suction port, and a suction pipe of a dust removal device is installed at the dust suction port. When coal dust is generated at the cutting drum 5.1, the dust removal device will absorb it through the suction pipe and perform dust removal treatment.
[0044] In this embodiment, the dust removal device is a dust removal fan. When the dust removal fan is started, the suction port located at the rear of the cutting drum 5.1 draws in air, and the coal dust in the dust collection chamber is pumped to the rear of the dust removal device and cleaned. It should be noted that the dust removal device also includes a coal dust treatment device, such as a dust collection bag, a central dust collection system, or a dust collector, for collecting and treating coal dust. In addition, due to the suction effect, a negative pressure is formed at the gap connecting the dust collection chamber to the outside, preventing dust from drifting into the atmosphere from the connection gap between the dust collection chamber and the outside, further enhancing the dust control effect.
[0045] In this embodiment, the rear transfer machine includes a third conveyor 7 and a fourth conveyor 8. The third conveyor 7 is connected to the front loading machine. The third conveyor 7 and the fourth conveyor 8 can be any existing conveyors suitable for transporting coal mines. The specific type and model of the conveyors are not limited here.
[0046] In this embodiment, the transfer unit 2 includes several transfer machine bodies, and the transfer machine bodies can be the transfer machines commonly used in existing coal mines.
[0047] In this embodiment, the belt conveyor 3 is located in the middle of the coalfield. Specifically, a trench n0 is set in the center of the coalfield, and the belt conveyor 3 is placed at the trench n0. This facilitates the mining and transportation of coal from both sides of the coalfield.
[0048] Example 2
[0049] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a mining method for an open-pit coal mine with dust control and dust removal functions based on Embodiment 1, including the following steps:
[0050] S1. Mining layout: The open-pit coal mine is designed with the mining direction along the length of the coalfield. A trench n0, the cutting depth of the open-pit coal mining machine unit 1, is pre-excavated in the middle of the mining area to accommodate the belt conveyor 3 and the feed of the open-pit coal mining machine unit 1. Then, the mining area is divided into several strip-shaped mining zones on both sides of the trench n0 along the direction of the trench n0, as shown in the following manner. Figures 1-2 As shown, above trench n0 are the first strip mining area n1, the third strip mining area n3... the 2N-1th strip mining area 2n-1, and below trench n0 are the second strip mining area n2, the fourth strip mining area n4... the 2Nth strip mining area 2n;
[0051] S2. Install belt conveyor 3 in trench n0 to prepare for mining. The open-pit coal mining unit 1 uses the left side of the machine body as belt conveyor 3. The cutting drum 5.1 enters from the left coal and rock free face and swings to the right to cut, starting to mine the first strip mining area n1. The cutting drum 5.1 advances forward to mine until the end of the first strip mining area n1.
[0052] S3. The open-pit coal mining unit 1 is moved to the other side of the belt conveyor 3. The direction of equipment movement is opposite to the previous working direction. The left side of the open-pit coal mining unit 1 is still the belt conveyor 3. The cutting drum 5.1 enters from the left coal and rock free face and swings to the right to cut, and begins to mine the second strip mining area n2. The cutting drum 5.1 advances forward to mine until the end of the second strip mining area n2, thus forming a circular mining path.
[0053] S4. Repeat the operation in step S3 until all strip mining areas are completed;
[0054] S5. Coal is fed from the open-pit mining unit 1 onto the belt conveyor 3 and finally transferred to the surface coal bunker. Specifically, coal is fed sequentially from the front loading mechanism of the open-pit mining unit 1 onto the first scraper conveyor 4 and the second scraper conveyor 6, then onto the third conveyor 7 and the fourth conveyor 8, and finally onto the belt conveyor 3 and transferred to the surface coal bunker. Depending on the distance between the open-pit mining unit 1 and the belt conveyor 3, a transfer unit 2 can be arranged between them. If the distance between the open-pit mining unit 1 and the belt conveyor 3 is relatively short, a transfer unit 2 is not necessary.
[0055] In this embodiment, the dust removal device is used to absorb coal dust during the operation of the open-pit coal mining unit 1. The dust collection chamber, formed by the top isolation plate 5.3, side isolation plates 5.2, and rear isolation plate 5.4, effectively prevents the spread of coal dust. Simultaneously, the dust removal fan starts, drawing air from the suction port located at the rear of the cutting drum 5.1. The coal dust in the dust collection chamber is then pumped to the dust removal device and cleaned. Due to the suction effect, a negative pressure is created at the gap connecting the dust collection chamber to the outside, preventing dust from drifting into the atmosphere through the connection between the dust collection chamber and the outside, further enhancing the dust control effect.
[0056] Throughout the cutting process, the physical isolation of the dust collection chamber and the negative pressure environment created by the dust removal fan effectively control dust. Finally, the dust is removed by the dust removal device. The entire open-pit mining process achieves the best dust control and removal effect through physical means, which will not cause harm to the environment.
[0057] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims
1. A mining method for an open-pit coal mine with dust control and dust removal functions, characterized in that: The open-pit coal mining equipment includes a dust control and removal system. This system comprises an open-pit coal mining machine, a belt conveyor, a transfer unit, and a dust removal device. The open-pit coal mining machine is located on one side of the belt conveyor, the transfer unit is positioned between the open-pit coal mining machine and the belt conveyor, and the dust removal device is installed on the open-pit coal mining machine to absorb coal dust generated during coal cutting. The open-pit coal mining machine includes a front loading machine and a rear transfer unit. The carrier machine includes a front loading machine and a rear transfer machine hinged together. The end of the rear transfer machine furthest from the front loading machine is used to connect to the transfer machine assembly. The front loading machine includes a first scraper conveyor, a roller loading machine, and a second scraper conveyor, with the second scraper conveyor connected to the rear transfer machine. The roller loading machine includes a cutting roller disposed within a dust collection chamber. The dust collection chamber includes a top isolation plate, side isolation plates, and a rear isolation plate. A dust suction port is provided on the rear isolation plate, and the dust removal device is connected to the dust suction port. Includes the following steps: S1. A trench is pre-excavated in the middle of the mining area, and then the mining area is divided into several strip-shaped mining areas on both sides of the trench along the direction of the trench. S2. Install a belt conveyor in the trench. The open-pit coal mining unit uses the left side of the machine body as the belt conveyor. The cutting drum enters from the free face of coal and rock on the left side and swings to the right to cut and advance the mining until the end of the first belt mining area. S3. The open-pit coal mining unit is moved to the other side of the belt conveyor. The direction of the equipment's movement is opposite to the previous working direction. The left side of the machine body is still the belt conveyor. The cutting drum enters from the free face of the coal and rock on the left and swings to the right to cut and advance forward to mine until the end of the second belt mining area. S4. Repeat the operation in step S3 until all strip mining areas are completed; S5. Coal is fed from the open-pit mine coal mining unit into the belt conveyor and finally transferred to the ground coal bunker.
2. The mining method of the open-pit coal mining device with dust control and dust removal functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal device is a dust removal fan.
3. The mining method of the open-pit coal mining device with dust control and dust removal functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear transfer machine includes a third conveyor and a fourth conveyor, and the third conveyor is connected to the front loading machine.
4. The mining method of the open-pit coal mining device with dust control and dust removal functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer unit includes several transfer machine bodies.
5. The mining method of the open-pit coal mining device with dust control and dust removal functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt conveyor is located in the middle of the coalfield.
6. The mining method of the open-pit coal mining device with dust control and dust removal functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: Dust removal devices are used to absorb coal dust when open-pit coal mining units are in operation.