An integrated drill bit for cross - layer drilling, punching and slotting in low - permeability soft coal seams

Abstract

The present invention relates to an integrated drill bit for cross-layer drilling, punching and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams, which includes an outer drill bit, a main pipe body slidably inserted inside the outer drill bit, and an adjustment and control mechanism for controlling the drill bit to freely switch between punching, slotting and punching; two symmetrically arranged baffles are slidably connected to the inner wall at one end of the outer drill bit, a rotating rod is arranged at one end of the inner wall of the main pipe body close to the baffle, a valve plate is rotatably connected to the rotating rod, one end of the rotating rod penetrates through the inner wall of the main pipe body and is fixedly sleeved with a gear, and a wheel rack corresponding to the gear is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the outer drill bit; the adjustment and control mechanism includes a plurality of first water through holes and second water through holes symmetrically arranged in sequence at one end of the inner wall of the outer drill bit close to the wheel rack, a plurality of water outlets arranged at one end of the inner wall of the main pipe body close to the rotating rod, and a clamping member arranged at one end of the outer drill bit away from the baffle; the drill bit has a simple structure, and punching, slotting and punching can be freely switched, improving the working efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining equipment, and relates to an integrated drill bit for cross-layer drilling, punching, and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams. Background Art

[0002] At present, coal seams contain a large amount of coalbed methane, also known as gas. It is not only a precious resource but also an important part of the potential for coal and gas outburst in underground coal mining. China is a large country with coal resources. With the rapid development and large-scale increase of the coal industry, the gas emission volume increases, and coal mine accidents caused by gas outburst and explosion rise rapidly. At the same time, coalbed methane is a high-quality and clean fuel. If it is reasonably developed, recovered, and utilized, it can not only reduce the occurrence of coal mine accidents, ensure the normal production of coal mines, but also solve the problem of China's energy shortage.

[0003] However, China's geological conditions are complex, and the coal-rock permeability is low. Permeability is precisely a sign reflecting the ease of fluid migration in coal-rock, and it is also an important parameter for formation damage evaluation and natural gas production design. The main existing technical solutions for improving the coalbed methane drainage rate are: large-diameter dense drilling, hydraulic punching, hydraulic fracturing proppant technology, hydraulic slotting, etc. Among them, hydraulic punching mainly uses a drill bit of a drilling rig to drill, and through medium-high pressure water, part of the coal body and gas in the coal seam are flushed out, achieving the effects of pressure relief, increasing the coal seam permeability, reducing the elastic potential energy of the coal body, reducing the coal body gas and desorption rate, and reducing the gas expansion energy.

[0004] However, the composition structure of the existing cross-layer drill bits for low-permeability soft coal seams is relatively simple. The drill bits generally have only single functions such as drilling or slotting. When performing different operations, the corresponding drill bits need to be replaced, thus affecting the working efficiency of cross-layer drilling in low-permeability soft coal seams. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, in order to solve the problem that the composition structure of the existing cross-layer drill bits for low-permeability soft coal seams is relatively simple, the drill bits generally have only single functions such as drilling or slotting, and the corresponding drill bits need to be replaced when performing different operations, thus affecting the working efficiency of cross-layer drilling in low-permeability soft coal seams, the present invention provides an integrated drill bit for cross-layer drilling, punching, and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An integrated drill bit for cross - layer drilling, punching and slotting in low - permeability soft coal seams, comprising an outer drill bit, a main pipe body slidably inserted inside the outer drill bit, and an adjustment and control mechanism for controlling the free conversion of the drill bit between punching, slotting and punching; on the inner wall of one end of the outer drill bit, two symmetrically arranged baffles are slidably connected. At one end of the inner wall of the main pipe body close to the baffle, there is a rotating rod, the rotating rod is rotatably connected with a valve plate, one end of the rotating rod penetrates through the inner wall of the main pipe body and is fixedly sleeved with a gear, and on the inner wall of the outer drill bit, a rack corresponding to the gear is fixedly embedded.

[0008] The adjustment and control mechanism includes a plurality of first water - passing holes and second water - passing holes symmetrically arranged in sequence at one end of the inner wall of the outer drill bit close to the rack, a plurality of water outlets arranged at one end of the inner wall of the main pipe body close to the rotating rod, and a clamping member arranged at one end of the outer drill bit far from the baffle.

[0009] The clamping member includes a plurality of fixing grooves symmetrically arranged at one end of the outer drill bit far from the baffle, fixing rods fixedly connected with the fixing grooves, and L - shaped clamping rods slidably sleeved on the fixing rods. A plurality of clamping grooves adapted to the L - shaped clamping rods are equidistantly arranged on the main pipe body.

[0010] The beneficial effect of this basic scheme is that when the drill bit needs to drill, the main pipe body is pushed into the outer drill bit as a whole. The main pipe body will squeeze the baffle to one side, and the water outlet will move away from the first water - passing hole. Then, the main pipe body is fixed by the L - shaped clamping rod. When the drill bit needs to perform rear - jet punching, the main pipe body is pulled outwards. At this time, the water outlet is aligned with the first water - passing hole, and then the main pipe body is fixed by the L - shaped clamping rod. When slotting is required, the main pipe body is continuously pulled to align the water outlet with the second water - passing hole, and then the main pipe body is fixed by the L - shaped clamping rod. At the same time, under the meshing action of the gear and the rack, the valve plate will be driven to rotate, automatically blocking one end of the main pipe body close to the baffle. Through the adjustment and control mechanism, the drill bit can freely convert between punching, slotting and punching, avoiding the replacement of the drill bit, thus effectively improving the working efficiency of cross - layer drilling in low - permeability soft coal seams.

[0011] Further, on the outer wall of the main pipe body far from the baffle and close to the clamping member, a plurality of guiding blocks are fixedly connected. On the inner wall of the outer drill bit, a guiding groove adapted to the guiding blocks is provided. A guiding rod is fixedly connected in the guiding groove, and a through - hole adapted to the guiding rod is provided on the guiding block. Beneficial effect: The main pipe body can be prevented from rotating through the guiding rod and the guiding block.

[0012] Further, a second spring is sleeved on the guiding rod, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected with the guiding block and the inner wall of the guiding groove. Beneficial effect: The second spring plays a certain elastic support for the main pipe body.

[0013] Further, a first sealing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the main pipe body between the baffle and the rotating rod. Beneficial effect: The sealing performance between the main pipe body and the outer drill bit is ensured through the first sealing ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the baffle is slidably connected to the outer drill bit through a sliding rod. A chute adapted to the baffle is provided on the inner wall of the outer drill bit. A first spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and both ends of the first spring are fixedly connected to the baffle and the inner wall of the chute respectively. Beneficial effect: The first spring provides elastic support for the baffle.

[0015] Furthermore, one side of the baffle close to the main pipe body is wedge-shaped; a sliding cavity adapted to the sliding rod is provided on the baffle, and a limiting block is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod located in the sliding cavity. Beneficial effect: The wedge shape is provided to facilitate the movement of the baffle under the extrusion of the main pipe body.

[0016] Furthermore, a second sealing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the main pipe body near the water outlet end.

[0017] Furthermore, a third spring is sleeved on the fixing rod, and both ends of the third spring are fixedly connected to the L-shaped clamping rod and the inner wall of the fixing groove respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, a support sleeve is rotatably sleeved on one end of the rotating rod close to the gear, and one side of the support sleeve abuts against the outer wall of the main pipe body. Beneficial effect: The support sleeve is used to support the rotating rod.

[0019] Furthermore, a connecting flange is fixedly sleeved on one end of the main pipe body away from the clamping member. Beneficial effect: It is convenient to connect with external components.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. For the integrated drill bit for cross-layer drilling, punching, and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams disclosed by the present invention, when the drill bit needs to perform drilling, the entire main pipe body is pushed into the outer drill bit. The main pipe body will squeeze the baffle to one side, and the water outlet will move away from the first water passing hole. Then, the main pipe body is fixed by the L-shaped clamping rod. When the drill bit needs to perform post-spray punching, the main pipe body is pulled outwards. At this time, the water outlet is aligned with the first water passing hole, and then the main pipe body is fixed by the L-shaped clamping rod. When slotting is required, the main pipe body is continuously pulled to align the water outlet with the second water passing hole, and then the main pipe body is fixed by the L-shaped clamping rod. At the same time, under the meshing action of the gear and the rack, the valve plate will be driven to rotate, automatically blocking one end of the main pipe body close to the baffle. The structure of this drill bit is simple. By adjusting the control mechanism, the drill bit can freely switch between punching, slotting, and drilling, avoiding the replacement of the drill bit, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency of cross-layer in low-permeability soft coal seams.

[0022] 2. For the integrated drill bit for cross-layer drilling, punching, and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams disclosed by the present invention, by providing the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring, the sealing performance between the main pipe body and the outer drill bit is ensured, ensuring the smooth progress of the cross-layer work in low-permeability soft coal seams.

[0023] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be learned from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the following specification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail preferably with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic internal structure diagram of an integrated drill bit for cross-layer drilling, punching, and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structure diagram of the main pipe body in the integrated drill bit for cross-layer drilling, punching, and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams of the invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic structure diagram at position A in

[0028] Reference numerals: outer drill bit 1, main pipe body 2, baffle 3, sliding rod 4, first spring 5, first water through hole 6, second water through hole 7, water outlet 8, rotating rod 9, valve plate 10, gear 11, rack 12, guiding block 13, guiding groove 14, guide rod 15, fixed rod 16, L-shaped clamping rod 17, limiting block 18, first sealing ring 19, second sealing ring 20, third spring 21, support sleeve 22, connecting flange 23, second spring 24. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] The following illustrates the embodiments of the present invention through specific specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention schematically. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0030] Among them, the drawings are only for illustrative purposes, showing only schematic diagrams, not physical diagrams, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention; for better illustrating the embodiments of the present invention, some components in the drawings will be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0031] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] As Figures 1-3 shown, an integrated drill bit for cross-layer drilling, punching, and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams includes an outer drill bit 1, a main pipe body 2 slidably inserted inside the outer drill bit 1, and an adjustment control mechanism for controlling the free conversion of the drill bit for punching, slotting, and punching.

[0033] On the inner wall at one end of the outer drill bit 1, two symmetrically arranged baffles 3 are slidably connected through a slide rod 4. A chute adapted to the baffle 3 is provided on the inner wall of the outer drill bit 1. A first spring 5 is sleeved on the slide rod 4. The two ends of the first spring 5 are respectively fixedly connected to the baffle 3 and the inner wall of the chute. The baffle 3 is elastically supported by the first spring 5 to a certain extent. The side of the baffle 3 close to the main pipe body 2 is wedge-shaped, which is convenient for the baffle 3 to move under the extrusion of the main pipe body 2. A slide cavity adapted to the slide rod 4 is provided on the baffle 3, and a limit block 18 is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod 4 located in the slide cavity.

[0034] At one end of the inner wall of the main pipe body 2 close to the baffle 3, there is a rotating rod 9. A valve plate 10 is rotatably connected to the rotating rod 9. One end of the rotating rod 9 penetrates through the inner wall of the main pipe body 2 and is fixedly sleeved with a gear 11. A rack 12 corresponding to the gear 11 is fixedly embedded on the inner wall of the outer drill bit 1. Under the meshing action of the gear 11 and the rack 12, the valve plate 10 will be driven to rotate, automatically blocking one end of the main pipe body 2 close to the baffle 3. A support sleeve 22 is rotatably sleeved at one end of the rotating rod 9 close to the gear 11. One side of the support sleeve 22 abuts against the outer wall of the main pipe body 2, and the support sleeve 22 is used to support the rotating rod 9.

[0035] A first sealing ring 19 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the main pipe body 2 between the baffle 3 and the rotating rod 9. The first sealing ring 19 ensures the sealing performance between the main pipe body 2 and the outer drill bit 1.

[0036] The adjustment and control mechanism includes a plurality of first water holes 6 and second water holes 7 symmetrically arranged in sequence near one end of the wheel rack 12 on the inner wall of the outer drill bit 1, a plurality of water outlets 8 arranged near one end of the rotating rod 9 on the inner wall of the main pipe body 2, and a clamping member arranged at one end of the outer drill bit 1 away from the baffle 3. The clamping member includes a plurality of fixing grooves symmetrically arranged at one end of the outer drill bit 1 away from the baffle 3, a fixing rod 16 fixedly connected to the fixing groove, and an L-shaped clamping rod 17 slidably sleeved on the fixing rod 16. A plurality of clamping grooves adapted to the L-shaped clamping rod 17 are equidistantly arranged on the main pipe body 2. A third spring 21 is sleeved on the fixing rod 16, and both ends of the third spring 21 are fixedly connected to the L-shaped clamping rod 17 and the inner wall of the fixing groove respectively. A second sealing ring 20 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the main pipe body 2 near one end of the water outlet 8.

[0037] A plurality of guiding blocks 13 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main pipe body 2 away from the baffle 3 and near the clamping member. A guiding groove 14 adapted to the guiding blocks 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the outer drill bit 1. A guiding rod 15 is fixedly connected in the guiding groove 14. A through hole adapted to the guiding rod 15 is arranged on the guiding block 13. Through the guiding rod 15 and the guiding blocks 13, the rotation of the main pipe body 2 can be prevented. A second spring 24 is sleeved on the guiding rod 15, and both ends of the second spring 24 are fixedly connected to the guiding block 13 and the inner wall of the guiding groove 14 respectively. The second spring 24 provides a certain elastic support for the main pipe body 2.

[0038] A connecting flange 23 is fixedly sleeved at one end of the main pipe body 2 away from the clamping member, which is convenient for connecting with external components.

[0039] When an integrated drill bit for cross-layer drilling, punching, and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams is in use, when the drill bit needs to drill, the whole main pipe body 2 is pushed into the outer drill bit 1. The main pipe body 2 will squeeze the baffle 3 to one side, and the water outlet 8 will move away from the first water hole 6. Then, the main pipe body 2 is fixed by the L-shaped clamping rod 17. When the drill bit needs to perform post-jet punching, the main pipe body 2 is pulled outwards. At this time, the water outlet 8 is aligned with the first water hole 6, and then the main pipe body 2 is fixed by the L-shaped clamping rod 17. When slotting is required, the main pipe body 2 is continuously pulled to align the water outlet 8 with the second water hole 7, and then the main pipe body 2 is fixed by the L-shaped clamping rod 17. At the same time, under the meshing action of the gear 11 and the wheel rack 12, the valve plate 10 will be driven to rotate, automatically blocking one end of the main pipe body 2 close to the baffle 3. Through the adjustment and control mechanism, the drill bit can freely switch between punching, slotting, and punching, avoiding the replacement of the drill bit, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency of cross-layer in low-permeability soft coal seams.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present technical solution, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated drill bit for cross - layer drilling, punching and slotting in low - permeability soft coal seams, characterized in that, It includes an outer drill bit, a main pipe body slidably inserted inside the outer drill bit, and an adjustment control mechanism for controlling the drill bit to perform punching, slotting, and free conversion of punching; on the inner wall at one end of the outer drill bit, two symmetrically arranged baffles are slidably connected, and at one end of the inner wall of the main pipe body close to the baffle, there is a rotating rod, the rotating rod is rotatably connected with a valve plate, one end of the rotating rod penetrates through the inner wall of the main pipe body and is fixedly sleeved with a gear, and on the inner wall of the outer drill bit, a gear rack corresponding to the gear is fixedly embedded. The adjustment control mechanism includes a plurality of first water holes and second water holes symmetrically arranged in sequence at one end of the inner wall of the outer drill bit close to the gear rack, a plurality of water outlets arranged at one end of the inner wall of the main pipe body close to the rotating rod, and a clamping member arranged at one end of the outer drill bit far from the baffle. The clamping member includes a plurality of fixing grooves symmetrically arranged at one end of the outer drill bit far from the baffle, a fixing rod fixedly connected with the fixing groove, and an L-shaped clamping rod slidably sleeved on the fixing rod. A plurality of clamping grooves adapted to the L-shaped clamping rod are equidistantly arranged on the main pipe body. On the outer wall of the main pipe body far from the baffle and close to the clamping member, a plurality of guiding blocks are fixedly connected. On the inner wall of the outer drill bit, a guiding groove adapted to the guiding block is provided. A guiding rod is fixedly connected in the guiding groove, and a through hole adapted to the guiding rod is provided on the guiding block. A second spring is sleeved on the guiding rod, and both ends of the second spring are fixedly connected with the guiding block and the inner wall of the guiding groove respectively.

2. The integrated drill for cross - seam drilling, punching and slotting in low - permeability soft coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first sealing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the main pipe body between the baffle and the rotating rod.

3. The integrated drill for cross - layer drilling, punching and slotting in low - permeability soft coal seams as described in claim 1, wherein The baffle is slidably connected with the outer drill bit through a sliding rod. A sliding groove adapted to the baffle is opened on the inner wall of the outer drill bit. A first spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, and both ends of the first spring are fixedly connected with the baffle and the inner wall of the sliding groove respectively.

4. The integrated drill for cross - layer drilling, punching and slotting in low - permeability soft coal seams as described in claim 3, wherein, One side of the baffle close to the main pipe body is wedge-shaped; a sliding cavity adapted to the sliding rod is opened on the baffle, and a limiting block is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod located in the sliding cavity.

5. The integrated drill for drilling, punching and slotting in low-permeability soft coal seams as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A second sealing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the main pipe body close to the water outlet.

6. The integrated drill for cross - layer drilling, punching and slotting in low - permeability soft coal seams as claimed in claim 1, wherein, A third spring is sleeved on the fixing rod, and both ends of the third spring are fixedly connected with the L-shaped clamping rod and the inner wall of the fixing groove respectively.

7. The integrated drill for cross - layer drilling, punching and slotting in low - permeability soft coal seams as described in claim 1, wherein, A support sleeve is rotatably sleeved at one end of the rotating rod close to the gear, and one side of the support sleeve abuts against the outer wall of the main pipe body.

8. The integrated drill for cross - layer drilling, punching and slotting in low - permeability soft coal seams according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting flange is fixedly sleeved at one end of the main pipe body far from the clamping member.

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