Improvement Method and Planting Equipment for Winter Wheat Planting in Saline-alkali Obstacle Farmland

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for improving the planting of winter wheat in saline-alkali obstacle farmland and a planting device. Among them, the method for improving the planting of winter wheat in saline-alkali obstacle farmland includes: S1, loosening the soil of the land to be sown; S2, deeply loosening the land to be sown; S3, digging a plurality of parallel irrigation ditches along the extension direction of the land to be sown, piling the soil dug out of each irrigation ditch on the same side of each irrigation ditch, and then vibrating and compressing the soil piled on one side of the irrigation ditch to form a planting ridge; S4, sowing wheat on the planting ridge, and when watering, the water is poured into the irrigation ditch. By deeply loosening the land in the present invention, the salts and alkalis in the soil seep under the plow sole layer, which is beneficial to reducing the salinity of the tillage layer. Also, by setting up the planting ridge, the height of the planting area is raised, which can not only increase the thickness of the soil with low saline-alkali content in the planting area, but also reduce the influence of the evaporation and transpiration of the soil on the planting ridge on the accumulation of salts transported with water to the tillage layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of winter wheat planting, and more specifically, relates to a method for improving the planting of winter wheat in saline-alkali obstacle farmland. In addition, the present invention also relates to a device for planting winter wheat in saline-alkali obstacle farmland. Background Technique

[0002] Since the 21st century, the phenomenon of secondary salinization of soil has occurred frequently due to drought, resulting in a decrease in crop yields. Secondly, the deep fresh groundwater in the low plain area of Hebei has been seriously over-exploited, triggering the formation of a "funnel group" of groundwater with an area of 40,000 km 2 in the Hebei Plain. However, the shallow slightly saline water resources in this area are rich. At present, the utilization amount of slightly saline water is 330 million m 3 . Scientific and reasonable utilization of slightly saline water for supplementary irrigation of crops during drought has a promoting effect on reducing the exploitation of deep fresh groundwater as much as possible and alleviating the freshwater resource crisis.

[0003] However, when slightly saline water is used for farmland irrigation, although the drought stress of crops is alleviated, at the same time, salts are also brought into the soil. Continuous use of slightly saline water for many years has increased the salt content in the soil surface layer (0-20 cm) and the main root zone (0-40 cm), reducing the soil productivity level.

[0004] In summary, in the saline water supplementary irrigation area, due to the limitation of freshwater resources, when saline water irrigation is adopted, there are prominent problems such as low soil fertility, saline-alkali obstacle factors in the soil, high salt content or pH value in the plow layer soil, poor stability of soil aggregate structure, and lack of organic matter, which seriously limit the crop yield. To achieve the goal of increasing and stabilizing grain production, it is urgent to improve the soil obstacle factors and implement the improvement of saline-alkali obstacle farmland. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the planting of winter wheat in saline-alkali obstacle farmland to solve the problem of difficult improvement of winter wheat in saline-alkali obstacle farmland.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a method for improving the planting of winter wheat in saline-alkali obstacle farmland, including S1 loosening the land to be sown; S2 deeply loosening the land to be sown; S3 digging a plurality of parallel irrigation ditches along the extension direction of the land to be sown, piling the soil dug out of each irrigation ditch on the same side of each irrigation ditch, and then vibrating and pressing the soil piled on one side of the irrigation ditch to form a planting ridge; S4 sowing wheat on the planting ridge, and when watering, pouring water into the irrigation ditch.

[0007] In a possible implementation, when subsoiling the land to be sown, a plurality of fracture zones are formed on the plow sole layer of the land to be sown, and the fracture zones correspond one by one to the irrigation ditches and the planting ridges, and the fracture zones are arranged at the bottoms of the corresponding irrigation ditches or the planting ridges.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the irrigation ditches are 10-20 cm lower than the ground surface, the planting ridges are 20 cm higher than the ground surface, and the depth of the fracture zones is 10-20 cm.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the winter wheat planting improvement method for saline-alkali obstacle grain fields provided by the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, by subsoiling the land and damaging the plow sole layer in the present invention, it is convenient for the salts and alkalis in the soil to be leached below the plow sole layer during rainfall or irrigation, thereby facilitating the reduction of the salinity of the tillage layer above the plow sole layer. It also increases soil air permeability, alleviates the adverse effects caused by soil compaction, and sets the surface soil with less saline-alkali content after leaching in the rainy season into planting ridges, raising the height of the planting area. On the one hand, it can increase the thickness of the soil with low saline-alkali content in the planting area. On the other hand, the soil in the thicker planting area with low saline-alkali content is less affected by the evaporation and transpiration effect, which causes salts to migrate and accumulate in the plow layer with water movement, and can effectively prevent alkali return, which is beneficial to the growth of wheat. In addition, by irrigating through the irrigation ditches, the water use efficiency can be improved, and fresh water resources can be effectively saved.

[0010] The present invention also provides a winter wheat planting device for saline-alkali obstacle grain fields, including: a rotary tillage device, a ridging device, a seeding device, and a burying and compacting device. Among them, the rotary tillage device is connected to the driving device and includes a first mounting seat, a rotating shaft, a plurality of rotary tillage arms, and a first driving mechanism. The rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the first mounting seat, the rotary tillage arms are arranged on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the first driving mechanism; the ridging device includes a second mounting seat, a plurality of subsoilers, a plurality of furrow openers, and a plurality of first compaction mechanisms. The second mounting seat is connected to the first mounting seat, the subsoilers are detachably arranged on the second mounting seat, the plurality of furrow openers are arranged on the second mounting seat at intervals, the first compaction mechanisms are rotatably arranged, and part of the furrow openers are arranged in the soil. Due to the driving of the driving device, the ridging device moves forward, and the furrow openers guide and convey the soil in front to one side of the furrow openers to form irrigation ditches, and the first compaction mechanisms compact the soil on one side of the irrigation ditches into planting ridges; the seeding device is connected to the ridging device, and the seeding device can sow seeds on the planting ridges; the burying and compacting device is connected to the seeding device, and the burying and compacting device can bury and compact the seeds.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the second mounting seat includes a second horizontal plate and two second vertical plates. The second horizontal plate is horizontally arranged, and the two second vertical plates are vertically arranged at both ends of the second horizontal plate. The furrow plow is detachably arranged on the second horizontal plate. The furrow plow includes a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, and an inclined plate. The first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are arranged in parallel. The inclined plate is respectively connected to the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate. The inclined plate is inclined so that the front end of the first mounting plate is arranged behind the front end of the second mounting plate. When the furrow plow moves forward, it will pile up the soil in front of it on one side of the first mounting plate of the furrow plow.

[0012] In a possible implementation, a plurality of first mounting holes are provided on the second horizontal plate, and a plurality of second mounting holes are provided at the top of the furrow plow. Bolts are screwed into the corresponding first mounting holes and second mounting holes to fix the furrow plow on the second horizontal plate; the inclined plate is hinged to the first mounting plate, and the inclined plate is hinged to the second mounting plate, so that the width of the furrow plow is adjustable.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a plurality of ridging cavities are provided in the ridging device. The ridging cavity is formed by the adjacent first mounting plate, second mounting plate and second horizontal plate of the furrow plow or by the second vertical plate, second horizontal plate and first mounting plate. The first compaction mechanism includes a compaction roller, two first guide blocks, two second guide blocks, two guide columns, two pivot columns and two springs. The first guide blocks are fixedly arranged on the outer walls on both sides of the ridging cavity. The second guide blocks are slidably arranged on the outer walls on both sides of the ridging cavity. The first guide blocks and the second guide blocks on the same side are arranged at intervals up and down. One end of the guide column is fixedly arranged on the second guide block, and the other end of the guide column passes through the first guide block and extends above the first guide block. The pivot column is rotatably arranged on the second guide block. A strip-shaped hole is provided on the side wall of the ridging cavity. The pivot column passes through the strip-shaped hole and extends into the ridging cavity. Both ends of the compaction roller are respectively connected to a pivot column.

[0014] In a possible implementation, three strip holes are formed in both the second vertical plate and the second mounting plate, and one strip hole is formed in the first mounting plate. Each of the strip holes is arranged in parallel, and each of the strip holes is at the same height. The compaction roller includes a plurality of compaction sub-columns. One end of the compaction sub-column is provided with a first insertion rod, and the other end of the compaction sub-column is provided with a first insertion hole. When adjacent compaction sub-columns are connected, the first insertion rod of one compaction sub-column is inserted into the first insertion hole of the other compaction sub-column. A second insertion hole is formed in one of the pivot columns, and a second insertion rod is provided on the other pivot column. When the compaction roller is connected to the pivot column, the first insertion rod is inserted into the second insertion hole, and the second insertion rod is inserted into the first insertion hole. The cross sections of the first insertion rod, the second insertion rod, the first insertion hole, and the second insertion hole are all polygons.

[0015] In a possible implementation, a ditching convex block is provided on the side wall of the compaction sub-column.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the landfill and compaction device includes a third mounting seat, a landfill mechanism, and a rolling column. The third mounting seat includes a third horizontal plate and two third vertical plates. The second vertical plates are vertically arranged at both ends of the third horizontal plate. The landfill mechanisms correspond to the ridging cavities one by one. The landfill mechanisms are screwed on the third horizontal plate. The landfill mechanism includes a first landfill plate and a second landfill plate. The first landfill plate and the second landfill plate are inclined so that the landfill mechanism is in a funnel shape. A part of the landfill mechanism is arranged in the soil. The rolling column is rotatably arranged between the third vertical plates.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the winter wheat planting equipment for saline-alkali obstacle farmland provided by the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the present invention facilitates the loosening of the land to be cultivated by providing a loosening device, and facilitates the deep loosening of the land and the excavation of irrigation ditches to form planting ridges by providing a ridging device. By providing a sowing device and a landfill and compaction device, it is convenient to complete the sowing of wheat on the planting ridges. By using the winter wheat planting equipment for saline-alkali obstacle farmland of the present invention, under the drive of an external driving device, the anti-saline-alkali planting of winter wheat can be completed in one stroke, greatly improving the planting efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the structure of the planting ridge provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the winter wheat planting equipment for saline-alkali obstacle farmland provided in the second embodiment of the present invention from one angle;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the winter wheat planting equipment for saline-alkali obstacle farmland provided in the second embodiment of the present invention from another angle;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the ditch plow provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first compaction mechanism provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the compaction sub-column provided in the second embodiment of the present invention from one angle;

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the compaction sub-column provided in the second embodiment of the present invention from another angle.

[0027] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0028] 1, planting ridge; 2, irrigation ditch; 3, rotary loosening device; 4, ridging device; 5, sowing device; 6, landfill and compaction device;

[0029] 301, first mounting seat; 302, rotating shaft; 303, rotary loosening arm; 304, first driving mechanism;

[0030] 401, second mounting seat; 402, subsoiling shovel; 403, ditch plow; 404, first compaction mechanism; 405, second transverse plate; 406, second vertical plate; 407, first mounting plate; 408, second mounting plate; 409, inclined plate; 410, first mounting hole; 411, second mounting hole; 412, ridging cavity; 413, compaction roller; 414, first guiding block; 415, second guiding block; 416, guiding column; 417, spring; 418, strip hole; 419, compaction sub-column; 420, first insertion rod; 421, first insertion hole; 422, ditch convex block;

[0031] 501, hopper; 502, discharge pipe; 503, stepping motor;

[0032] 601. Third mounting base; 602. Landfilling mechanism; 603. Rolling column; 604. Third vertical plate; 605. Third horizontal plate; 606. First landfill plate; 607. Second landfill plate. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0034] It should be further noted that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention mainly describe and explain the concept of the present invention. On the basis of this concept, the specific forms and settings of some connection relationships, positional relationships, power mechanisms, power supply systems, hydraulic systems and control systems may not be fully described. However, on the premise that those skilled in the art understand the concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can implement the above specific forms and settings in a well-known manner.

[0035] When an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0036] The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0037] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, and the meaning of "several" is one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] Now, the winter wheat planting improvement method for saline-alkali obstacle farmland provided by the present invention will be described.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1, the winter wheat planting improvement method for saline-alkali obstacle farmland includes: S1, loosening the land to be sown; S2, deeply loosening the land to be sown; S3, digging multiple parallel irrigation ditches 2 along the extension direction of the land to be sown, piling up the soil dug out from each irrigation ditch 2 on the same side of each irrigation ditch 2, and then vibrating and compressing the soil piled on one side of the irrigation ditch 2 to form a planting ridge 1; S4, sowing wheat on the planting ridge 1, and when irrigating, pouring water into the irrigation ditch 2.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the winter wheat planting improvement method for saline-alkali obstacle farmland provided in this embodiment are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the winter wheat planting improvement method for saline-alkali obstacle farmland provided in this embodiment deep-loosens the land to damage the plow sole layer, which is convenient for the salts and alkalis in the soil to penetrate under the plow sole layer during rainfall or irrigation, thereby facilitating the reduction of the salinity of the tillage layer above the plow sole layer, increasing soil air permeability, alleviating the adverse effects caused by soil compaction, and also setting up planting ridges with less saline-alkali content in the surface soil after being leached by the rainy season, raising the height of the planting area. On the one hand, it can increase the thickness of the soil with low saline-alkali content in the planting area. On the other hand, the soil in the thicker planting area with low saline-alkali content is less affected by the evaporation and transpiration effect, which causes salts to accumulate in the plow layer with the water movement, and can effectively prevent alkali return, which is beneficial to wheat growth. In addition, by irrigating through the irrigation ditch, the water use efficiency can be improved, and fresh water resources can be effectively saved.

[0042] Based on the above design concept, in step S1, the relative water content of sandy loam soil is within 75% - 80%, the relative water content of loam soil is within 70% - 75%, and the relative water content of clay loam soil is 70%. And in step S4, irrigation is carried out in winter or spring.

[0043] When the present invention deeply loosens the land to be sown, multiple fracture zones are opened on the plow sole layer of the land to be sown. The fracture zones correspond one by one to the irrigation ditch 2 and the planting ridge 1, and the fracture zones are arranged at the bottom of the corresponding irrigation ditch 2 or planting ridge 1. During irrigation or precipitation, the water with salts and alkalis above the plow sole layer can penetrate into the lower part of the plow sole layer through the fracture zones, which is beneficial to reducing the salinity of the land. In addition, since the fracture zones damage the plow sole layer, it helps the wheat roots to penetrate into the plow sole layer during growth.

[0044] Specifically in this embodiment, the irrigation ditch is 10 - 20 cm lower than the ground surface, the planting ridge is 20 cm higher than the ground surface, and the depth of the fracture zone is 10 - 20 cm. This kind of planting method with multiple rows of close planting and then spacing one irrigation ditch increases the ventilation and light transmission of winter wheat in the later stage, utilizes the edge effect of crops, and increases the grain yield.

[0045] In addition, the upper width of the irrigation ditch is 30 - 35 m, the bottom width is 20 - 25 cm. And the width of the planting ridge is 56 - 60 cm.

[0046] Embodiment 2

[0047] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 simultaneously. The winter wheat planting equipment for saline-alkali obstacle farmland includes a rotary tilling device 3, a ridging device 4, a sowing device 5, and a landfill and compaction device 6. Among them, the rotary tilling device 3 is connected to the driving device and includes a first mounting base 301, a rotating shaft 302, a plurality of rotary tilling arms 303, and a first driving mechanism 304. The rotating shaft 302 is rotatably arranged on the first mounting base 301, the rotary tilling arms 303 are arranged on the rotating shaft 302, and the rotating shaft 302 is connected to the first driving mechanism 304.

[0048] The ridging device 4 includes a second mounting base 401, a plurality of subsoilers 402, a plurality of furrow openers 403, and a plurality of first compaction mechanisms 404. The second mounting base 401 is connected to the first mounting base 301. The subsoilers 402 are detachably arranged on the second mounting base 401. A plurality of furrow openers 403 are arranged on the second mounting base 401 at intervals. The first compaction mechanisms 404 are rotatably arranged. Part of the furrow openers 403 are arranged in the soil. Due to the drive of the driving device, the ridging device 4 moves forward. The furrow openers 403 guide and convey the soil in front to one side of the furrow openers 403 to form an irrigation ditch 2. The first compaction mechanisms 404 compact the soil on one side of the irrigation ditch 2 into a planting ridge 1.

[0049] The sowing device 5 is connected to the ridging device 4, and the sowing device 5 can sow on the planting ridge 1. The landfill and compaction device 6 is connected to the sowing device 5, and the landfill and compaction device 6 can landfill and compact the seeds.

[0050] The beneficial effects of the winter wheat planting equipment for saline-alkali obstacle farmland provided by the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, by setting the rotary tilling device 3, it is convenient to loosen the land to be cultivated. By setting the ridging device 4, it is convenient to deeply loosen the land and dig an irrigation ditch 2 to form a planting ridge 1. By setting the sowing device 5 and the landfill and compaction device 6, it is convenient to complete the sowing of wheat on the planting ridge 1. By using the winter wheat planting equipment for saline-alkali obstacle farmland of the present invention, under the drive of an external driving device, the saline-alkali-resistant planting of winter wheat can be completed in one pass, greatly improving the planting efficiency.

[0051] Specifically in this embodiment, the first mounting base 301 includes a first cross plate and two first vertical plates. The two first vertical plates are vertically arranged at positions near both ends of the cross plate. The rotating shaft 302 is rotatably arranged between the two first vertical plates. It should be noted that one end of the rotating shaft 302 extends to one side of the first vertical plate. The first driving mechanism 304 includes a driving motor and a transmission chain. The transmission chain is connected between the power output end of the driving motor and the rotating shaft 302, enabling the driving motor to drive the rotating shaft 302 to rotate.

[0052] In this embodiment, the second mounting seat includes a second horizontal plate 405 and two second vertical plates 406. The second horizontal plate 405 is horizontally arranged, and the two second vertical plates 406 are vertically arranged at both ends of the second horizontal plate. The ditch plow 403 is detachably arranged on the second horizontal plate 405.

[0053] As Figure 5 shown, the ditch plow 403 includes a first mounting plate 407, a second mounting plate 408, and an inclined plate 409. The first mounting plate 407 and the second mounting plate 408 are arranged in parallel. The inclined plate 409 is respectively connected to the first mounting and the second mounting plate 408. The inclined plate 409 is inclined, so that the front end of the first mounting plate 407 is arranged behind the front end of the second mounting plate 408. When the ditch plow 403 moves forward, the soil in front will be piled on one side of the first mounting plate 407 of the ditch plow 403.

[0054] Preferably, a plurality of first mounting holes 410 are provided on the second horizontal plate 405, and a plurality of second mounting holes 411 are provided at the top of the ditch plow 403. Bolts are screwed into the corresponding first mounting holes 410 and second mounting holes 411 to fix the ditch plow 403 on the second horizontal plate 405. By providing the detachable setting of the ditch plow 403 and the second horizontal plate 405, it is convenient to adjust the number of ditch plows 403, which is suitable for lands with different widths. At the same time, the inclined plate 409 is hinged to the first mounting plate 407, and the inclined plate 409 is hinged to the second mounting plate 408, so that the width of the ditch plow 403 is adjustable. By adjusting the included angle between the inclined plate 409 and the first mounting plate 407 and the included angle between the inclined plate 409 and the second mounting plate 408, the width of the ditch plow 403 can be adjusted, that is, the width of the irrigation ditch 2 dug is adjusted. Since the width of the irrigation ditch 2 will become larger after the ditch plow 403 becomes wider, and the soil generated by digging the irrigation ditch 2 is piled on one side of the irrigation ditch 2, the width of the position for placing the soil on one side of the irrigation ditch 2 should also become larger at this time. The detachable nature of the ditch plow 403 enables the distance between the ditch plows 403 to be adjusted to adapt to ditch plows 403 with different widths.

[0055] As Figure 2 shown, a plurality of ridging cavities 412 are provided in the ridging device 4. The ridging cavities 412 are formed by the adjacent first mounting plate 407, second mounting plate 408 of the ditch plow and the second horizontal plate 405 or are formed by the second vertical plate 406, the second horizontal plate 405 and the first mounting plate 407. The ridging cavity 412 is a space for placing soil on one side of the irrigation ditch 2 and forming into a planting ridge 1.

[0056] Combined with Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the first compaction mechanism 404 includes a compaction roller 413, two first guide blocks 414, two second guide blocks 415, two guide columns 416, two pivot columns and two springs 417. The first guide blocks 414 are fixedly arranged on the outer walls on both sides of the ridging cavity 412, the second guide blocks 415 are slidably arranged on the outer walls on both sides of the ridging cavity 412, the first guide blocks 414 and the second guide blocks 415 on the same side are arranged at intervals up and down. One end of the guide column 416 is fixedly arranged on the second guide block 415, the other end of the guide column 416 passes through the first guide block 414 and extends above the first guide block 414. The pivot column is rotatably arranged on the second guide block 415. A strip-shaped hole 418 is formed on the side wall of the ridging cavity 412, and the pivot column passes through the strip-shaped hole 418 and extends into the ridging cavity 412. Both ends of the compaction roller 413 are respectively connected to a pivot column. The arrangement of the spring 417 enables the first guide block 414 to always exert a downward pressure on the second guide block 415, that is, enables the pivot column to roll on the fluffy soil to form the planting ridge 1.

[0057] Specifically, three strip-shaped holes 418 are formed on both the second vertical plate 406 and the second mounting plate 408, and one strip-shaped hole 418 is formed on the first mounting plate 407. Each strip-shaped hole 418 is arranged in parallel, and each strip-shaped hole 418 is at the same height. Such an arrangement facilitates the adjustment of the width of the ditching plow 403.

[0058] As Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown in the figure, the compaction roller 413 includes a plurality of compaction sub-columns 419. One end of the compaction sub-column 419 is provided with a first insertion rod 420, and the other end of the compaction sub-column 419 is provided with a first insertion hole 421. When adjacent compaction sub-columns 419 are connected, the first insertion rod 420 of one compaction sub-column 419 is inserted into the first insertion hole 421 of the other compaction sub-column 419. A second insertion hole is formed on one of the pivot columns, and a second insertion rod is provided on the other pivot column. When the compaction roller 413 is connected to the pivot column, the first insertion rod 420 is inserted into the second insertion hole, and the second insertion rod is inserted into the first insertion hole 421. The cross-sections of the first insertion rod 420, the second insertion rod, the first insertion hole 421 and the second insertion hole are all polygons. The arrangement of the compaction sub-columns 419 enables the length of the compaction column to be adjusted to adapt to the ridging cavities 412 of different widths.

[0059] As a preferred solution, ditching bumps 422 are arranged on the side walls of the compaction sub-columns 419. The arrangement of the ditching bumps 422 enables grooves for sowing winter wheat seeds to be formed on the planting ridge 1 compacted by the compaction column.

[0060] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the seeding device 5 includes a hopper 501 and a plurality of discharge pipes 502. The top ends of the discharge pipes 502 are communicated with the hopper 501, and the discharge pipes 502 correspond one by one to the grooves for winter wheat on the planting ridge 1, so that the seeds in the hopper 501 can enter the grooves for sowing winter wheat. In addition, a stepping motor 503 is provided on each discharge pipe 502. The power output end of the stepping motor 503 extends into the discharge pipe 502. A sealing plate is connected to the power output end of the stepping motor 503. The stepping motor 503 can drive the sealing plate to block the discharge pipe 502 or release the blockage of the discharge pipe 502. By setting the blocking time and the unblocking time of the stepping motor 503 driving the sealing plate for the discharge pipe 502, the equidistant sowing of winter wheat is realized.

[0061] Finally, the landfill and compaction device 6 includes a third mounting base 601, a landfill mechanism 602 and a rolling column 603. The third mounting base 601 includes a third cross plate 605 and two third vertical plates 604. The second vertical plates 406 are vertically arranged at both ends of the third cross plate 605. The landfill mechanism 602 corresponds one by one to the ridging cavity 412. The landfill mechanism 602 is screwed on the third cross plate 605. The landfill mechanism 602 includes a first landfill plate 606 and a second landfill plate 607. The first landfill plate 606 and the second landfill plate 607 are inclined, so that the landfill mechanism 602 is in a funnel shape, and a part of the landfill mechanism 602 is arranged in the soil. The rolling column is rotatably arranged between the third vertical plates 604. A part of the landfill mechanism 602 is arranged in the soil. During the forward movement, the soil of the planting ridge 1 will be scraped up and landfilled in the groove for planting wheat, and the sowing is completed after being rolled by the rolling column.

[0062] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A winter wheat planting device for saline-alkali obstacle farmland, which can complete the saline-alkali resistant planting of winter wheat under the drive of an external drive device. It is characterized in that it includes: A rotary loosening device (3), connected to the drive device, includes a first mounting seat (301), a rotating shaft (302), a plurality of rotary loosening arms (303) and a first driving mechanism (304). The rotating shaft (302) is rotatably arranged on the first mounting seat (301), the rotary loosening arms (303) are arranged on the rotating shaft (302), and the rotating shaft (302) is connected to the first driving mechanism (304); A ridging device (4), includes a second mounting seat (401), a plurality of subsoilers (402), a plurality of furrowing plows (403) and a plurality of first compaction mechanisms (404). The second mounting seat (401) is connected to the first mounting seat (301). The subsoilers (402) are detachably arranged on the second mounting seat (401). The plurality of furrowing plows (403) are arranged at intervals on the second mounting seat (401). The first compaction mechanism (404) is rotatably arranged. Part of the furrowing plow (403) is arranged in the soil. Due to the drive of the drive device, the ridging device (4) moves forward. The furrowing plow (403) guides and conveys the soil in front to one side of the furrowing plow (403) to form an irrigation ditch (2). The first compaction mechanism (404) compacts the soil on one side of the irrigation ditch (2) into a planting ridge (1); A sowing device (5), connected to the ridging device (4), and the sowing device (5) can sow on the planting ridge (1); A landfill and compaction device (6), connected to the sowing device (5), and the landfill and compaction device (6) can landfill and compact the seeds; The second mounting seat includes a second horizontal plate (405) and two second vertical plates (406). The second horizontal plate (405) is horizontally arranged, and the two second vertical plates (406) are vertically arranged at both ends of the second horizontal plate. The furrowing plow (403) is detachably arranged on the second horizontal plate (405). The furrowing plow (403) includes a first mounting plate (407), a second mounting plate (408) and an inclined plate (409). The first mounting plate (407) and the second mounting plate (408) are arranged in parallel. The inclined plate (409) is respectively connected to the first mounting and the second mounting plate (408). The inclined plate (409) is inclined so that the front end of the first mounting plate (407) is arranged behind the front end of the second mounting plate (408). When the furrowing plow (403) moves forward, it will pile up the soil in front on one side of the first mounting plate (407) of the furrowing plow (403); A plurality of first mounting holes (410) are provided on the second transverse plate (405), and a plurality of second mounting holes (411) are provided at the top of the furrow opener (403). Bolts are screwed into the corresponding first mounting holes (410) and second mounting holes (411) to fix the furrow opener (403) on the second transverse plate (405); the inclined plate (409) is hinged to the first mounting plate (407), and the inclined plate (409) is hinged to the second mounting plate (408) so that the width of the furrow opener (403) is adjustable; A plurality of ridging cavities (412) are provided in the ridging device (4). The ridging cavities (412) are formed by the adjacent first mounting plate (407), second mounting plate (408) and second transverse plate (405) of the furrow opener or are formed by the second vertical plate (406), second transverse plate (405) and first mounting plate (407). The first compaction mechanism (404) includes compaction rollers (413), two first guide blocks (414), two second guide blocks (415), two guide columns (416), two pivot columns and two springs (417). The first guide blocks (414) are fixedly provided on the outer walls on both sides of the ridging cavity (412), the second guide blocks (415) are slidably provided on the outer walls on both sides of the ridging cavity (412), the first guide blocks (414) and the second guide blocks (415) on the same side are arranged at intervals up and down. One end of the guide column (416) is fixedly provided on the second guide block (415), the other end of the guide column (416) passes through the first guide block (414) and extends above the first guide block (414). The pivot column is rotatably provided on the second guide block (415). A strip-shaped hole (418) is formed in the side wall of the ridging cavity (412), and the pivot column passes through the strip-shaped hole (418) and extends into the ridging cavity (412). Both ends of the compaction roller (413) are respectively connected to a pivot column; Three strip holes (418) are formed in both the second vertical plate (406) and the second mounting plate (408), and one strip hole (418) is formed in the first mounting plate (407). The strip holes (418) are parallel to each other and at the same height. The compaction roller (413) includes a plurality of compaction sub-columns (419). One end of the compaction sub-column (419) is provided with a first insertion rod (420), and the other end of the compaction sub-column (419) is provided with a first insertion hole (421). When adjacent compaction sub-columns (419) are connected, the first insertion rod (420) of one compaction sub-column (419) is inserted into the first insertion hole (421) of the other compaction sub-column (419). A second insertion hole is formed in one of the pivot columns, and a second insertion rod is provided on the other pivot column. When the compaction roller (413) is connected to the pivot column, the first insertion rod (420) is inserted into the second insertion hole, and the second insertion rod is inserted into the first insertion hole (421). The cross-sections of the first insertion rod (420), the second insertion rod, the first insertion hole (421), and the second insertion hole are all polygons.

2. The winter wheat planting device for saline-alkali obstacle farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ditching convex block (422) is provided on the side wall of the compaction sub-column (419).

3. The winter wheat planting device for saline-alkali obstacle farmland according to claim 2, characterized in that: The landfill and compaction device (6) includes a third mounting seat (601), a landfill mechanism (602), and a rolling column (603). The third mounting seat (601) includes a third horizontal plate (605) and two third vertical plates (604). The second vertical plate (406) is vertically arranged at both ends of the third horizontal plate (605). The landfill mechanism (602) corresponds to the ridging cavity (412) one by one. The landfill mechanism (602) is screwed on the third horizontal plate (605). The landfill mechanism (602) includes a first landfill plate (606) and a second landfill plate (607). The first landfill plate (606) and the second landfill plate (607) are inclined so that the landfill mechanism (602) is in a funnel shape. A part of the landfill mechanism (602) is arranged in the soil. The rolling column is rotatably arranged between the third vertical plates (604).

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