A kind of cultivation method of cut sweet pea

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of cut sweet pea, including: after seedlings are planted, when the seedling height is 14cm-16cm, pinching is performed; when the newly sprouted side branches grow to 10cm-15cm, two side branches with strong growth, close nodes, and angles exceeding 45° are retained, the remaining side branches are subtracted, and the remaining branches are raised to above the groove surface or ridge surface; when the remaining branches grow to 20cm-30cm, vine binding is performed according to a fixed plant spacing; during the growth of the plant, the branches are kept upright; when the plant grows to about 2 meters, cut flower harvesting and parallel vine guiding operations are repeatedly performed. The method of the present invention is convenient for plant management and operation, saves planting costs, and improves the quality and yield of some varieties of flowers; the number of branches left is clarified, so that the branch spacing remains consistent, which is convenient for ventilation and light transmission of crops, plant maintenance and maintenance, and later operations; seed costs and resources are saved, the risk of single branch breakage is reduced, and flowers can be produced early, and the length and yield of flower branches can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine comprehensive mining, in particular to a cultivation method of cut sweet pea. Background Art

[0002] At present, the domestic sweet pea cultivation mostly adopts the random branch retention method or the single branch retention method, and no certain standards and systems have been formed. The random branch retention method is similar to the ordinary courtyard-style vine flower cultivation. One month after planting, the sweet pea is topped to make it have more side branches, and then 1-3 strong side branches are selected and pulled upward along the grid or column. Although the random branch retention method is adjusted according to the growth of the plant and stronger side branches are selected, the number of branches is uncertain, so the distance between the branches is uncertain, and it is easy for the branches to squeeze and cover each other. With the strengthening of the growth potential in the later stage, the ventilation and light transmission ability becomes weaker, and the plants will fall over, yellow, and entangle with each other, resulting in a decline in the quality of the flowers, and bringing certain difficulties to the later harvesting and pest and disease management of the flowers. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0004] In view of the above problems and / or the problems existing in the existing methods for cultivating cut sweet pea, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a cultivation method of cut sweet pea.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a cultivation method of cut sweet pea, comprising the following steps: after the seedlings are planted, pinching is performed when the seedling height is 14cm-16cm; when the newly sprouted side branches grow to 10cm-15cm, two side branches with strong growth, close nodes and an angle of more than 45° are retained, the remaining side branches are removed, and the remaining branches are raised to be located above the groove surface or the ridge surface; when the remaining branches grow to 20cm-30cm, vine tying is performed according to a fixed plant spacing; during the growth process of the plant, the branches are kept upright; when the plant grows to about 2 meters, cut flower harvesting and parallel vine guiding operations are repeatedly performed.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the cultivation method of cut sweet pea of ​​the present invention, the fixed plant spacing includes a plant spacing of 20 cm and a branch spacing of 10 cm.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the cultivation method of the cut sweet pea of ​​the present invention, the vine tying treatment is to fix the branches on the grid by vine tying clips, and the vine tying clips are fixed under the first unfolded leaf about 5 cm away from the growth point of the branch, so that the growth point is upright and the branch distance is kept consistent.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the cultivation method of the cut sweet pea of ​​the present invention, the step of keeping the branches upright during the growth of the plant includes adding vine tying clips, or moving the vine tying clips upward, and the uppermost vine tying clip is always kept at a distance of 4 cm to 6 cm from the growth point.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the cultivation method of the cut sweet pea of ​​the present invention, during the entire plant growth process, only two branches are left for traction and flower production, and the remaining side branches, as well as the secondary nutrient branches and tendrils on the branches are removed in time.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the cultivation method of cut sweet pea of ​​the present invention, the parallel vine guiding means first removing the old leaves at the bottom of the branches, and then dropping the branches back to a height of 1.5 meters from the ground.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the cultivation method of the cut sweet pea of ​​the present invention, the cut flower harvesting refers to harvesting commercial cut flowers that meet the harvesting standards.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the cultivation method of the cut sweet pea of ​​the present invention, when watering the plants, the watering time is in the morning. Except for appropriate water control in the seedling stage and after the flowers are harvested, the soil should be kept moist before the plants reach 2 meters during the growth period.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: facilitating plant management and operation, saving planting costs, and improving the quality and yield of some varieties of flowers; clarifying the number of branches to be retained, so that the distance between branches remains consistent, which is convenient for crop ventilation and light transmission, planting maintenance and later operations; saving seed costs and resources, reducing the risk of single branch breakage, and can produce flowers earlier, increase flower branch length and yield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0016] Figure 1 Flowchart of the cultivation method for cut sweet pea. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0019] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] Reference Figure 1 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for cultivating cut sweet peas, and the method for cultivating cut sweet peas comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1. After the seedlings are planted, pinch off the tops of the seedlings when they are 14cm-16cm in height within 1-2 weeks to promote the development of lateral branches.

[0023] S2. 1-2 weeks after the pinching treatment, when the newly sprouted side branches grow to 10cm-15cm, keep 2 side branches that are strong, close to the nodes, and with an angle of more than 45°, remove the remaining side branches, and raise the remaining branches to above the trough surface or ridge surface to avoid water accumulation and film burns.

[0024] S3. After 3-4 weeks, when the remaining branches grow to 20cm-30cm, vine tying is carried out according to the fixed plant spacing. It should be noted that the general plant spacing is 20cm and the branch spacing is 10cm. Vine tying means using vine tying clips to fix the branches to the grid. The vine tying clips are fixed under the first unfolded leaf about 5cm away from the growth point of the branch, so that the growth point is upright and the branch spacing remains consistent.

[0025] S4. During the growth of the plant, it is generally recommended to add vine clips or move them upwards to keep the branches upright, and the top vine clip should always be 4cm-6cm away from the growth point. This will ensure that the entire branch is well fixed.

[0026] And during the entire growth process of the plant, only two branches are left for traction and flowering, and the remaining side branches, as well as the secondary nutrient branches and tendrils on the branches are removed in time.

[0027] S5. When the plant grows to about 2 meters, the cut flower harvesting and parallel vine guiding operations are repeated. The parallel vine guiding refers to first removing the old leaves at the bottom of the branches, and then lowering the branches to a height of 1.5 meters from the ground to provide the plants with a suitable growth space, and the cut flower harvesting refers to harvesting commercial cut flowers that meet the harvesting standards.

[0028] It should be noted that when watering the plants, the watering time should be in the morning. Except for appropriate water control during the seedling stage and after flowering, the soil should be kept moist during the growth period until the plants reach 2 meters.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] In order to verify the feasibility of the method described in the present invention, a second embodiment of the present invention is provided. This embodiment conducts a comparative test on the branch retention method of sweet pea by using a single branch retention method, the branch retention method of the present invention, and a three-branch retention method. The specific test contents are as follows:

[0031] From October 2020 to April 2021, a comparative test was conducted on the branch retention methods of sweet peas. The methods involved included a single-branch branch retention method, the branch retention method of the present invention, and a three-branch branch retention method. The operation of the three-branch branch retention method is similar to that of the double-branch branch retention method, except that the number of branches retained is changed from 2 to 3, and the spacing between the branches is 10 cm.

[0032] The single-branch retention method is to cut off the extra side branches one month after the sweet pea plants are planted, leaving only one strong side branch to grow along the traction of the column or hanging vine line. In this way, one plant only has one main stem. Compared with the random branch retention method, there is less competition from other side branches, and the flower production of a single branch is increased. However, for the overall plant, the flower production is reduced. In addition, for some varieties, the length of the flower stem and the number of florets have not been improved, or even decreased. In addition, the single-branch retention method increases the seed cost, especially in the case of seed scarcity, which will greatly reduce the number of flowers and economic value of available seeds. In addition, since sweet peas need to frequently perform horticultural operations such as side branching, vine induction and harvesting in the later stage, and sweet peas themselves are relatively fragile and lack toughness. It is often the case that branches are broken due to misoperation and the whole plant is completely lost.

[0033] The test results are shown in the following table. Among the tested varieties A, B, and C, compared with the single-branch and three-branch retention methods, the double-branch retention method of the present invention can shorten the number of flowering days, reduce the flowering node, and increase the length of the flower branch. For varieties B and C, the yield per branch of the double-branch retention method of the present invention is also the highest.

[0034] The average flower stem thickness and the average number of flower buds show a downward trend as the number of retained branches increases. However, since the high-quality cut flower standards of sweet peas on the market are based on a length greater than 40 cm and a number of flower buds greater than 4, after comprehensive consideration, the yield and quality of the double-branch retained branch method of the present invention are superior to the other two methods.

[0035] Table 1 Comparison of cut flower yield and quality using three branch retention methods

[0036]

[0037] In Table 1, single branch, double branch and triple branch are respectively "single branch retention method", "double branch retention method of the present invention" and "triple branch retention method". The number of days to flower is the number of days between the day when the first commercial cut flower is harvested and the day of planting. The average cut flower yield per branch is the commercial cut flower yield on each branch, that is, the single branch retention method is 1 branch, the double branch is the average of 2 branches, and the triple branch is the average of 3 branches.

[0038] Compared with the single-branch retaining method, the three-branch retaining method and the random retaining method, the double-branch retaining method of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] Compared with the random branch retention method, the number of branches to be retained is clearly defined, so the distance between branches remains consistent, which is convenient for crop ventilation and light transmission, planting maintenance and later operations.

[0040] Compared with the single-branch retention method, this method adds a flowering branch and specifies the standard for branch selection. This saves seed costs and resources, reduces the risk of single branch breakage, and can produce flowers earlier, increase branch length and yield.

[0041] Compared with the three-branch retention method, although one flowering branch is reduced, it can produce flowers earlier and increase the length of the flower branches and the yield.

[0042] Taking all factors into consideration, the double-branch retention method is more suitable for scenarios where the number of seeds is limited and you want to produce high-quality cut flowers.

[0043] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating cut sweet pea, characterized in that: The following steps are included: After the seedlings are planted, pinch off the top when the seedling height is 14cm-16cm; When the newly sprouted side branches grow to 10cm-15cm, keep two side branches that are strong, close in node position, and with an angle of more than 45°, remove the remaining side branches, and raise the remaining branches to above the trough surface or ridge surface; When the remaining branches grow to 20cm-30cm, tie the vines according to the fixed plant spacing; Keep the branches upright as the plant grows; When the plant grows to about 2 meters, repeatedly perform cut flower harvesting and parallel vine guiding operations; The fixed plant spacing includes a plant spacing of 20 cm and a branch spacing of 10 cm; The vine binding process is to fix the branches on the grid by means of vine binding clips, wherein the vine binding clips are fixed under the first unfolded leaf about 5 cm away from the growth point of the branch, so that the growth point is upright and the branch distance is kept consistent; During the growth of the plant, the steps to keep the branches upright include adding vine clips, or moving the vine clips upward, and the uppermost vine clip is always 4cm-6cm away from the growth point; During the entire growth process of the plant, only two branches are left for traction and flowering, and the remaining side branches, as well as the secondary nutrient branches and tendrils on the branches are removed in time.

2. The method for cultivating cut sweet pea according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallel vine guiding means first removing the old leaves at the bottom of the branches, and then lowering the branches back to a height of 1.5 meters from the ground.

3. The method for cultivating cut sweet pea according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cut flower harvesting refers to harvesting commercial cut flowers that meet the harvesting standards.

4. The method for cultivating cut sweet pea according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: When watering the plants, watering should be done in the morning. Except for appropriate water control during the seedling stage and after flowering, the soil should be kept moist during the growth period until the plants reach 2 meters.

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