Time-window Edge Fusion Method, Device and Electronic Equipment for Inverse Q Filtering

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention discloses a time window edge fusion method, device and electronic device for inverse Q filtering. Among them, the time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering includes: when using a fixed time window to intercept single-channel seismic data, intercepting some additional data at both ends of the single-channel seismic data to obtain the intercepted seismic data; processing the intercepted seismic data through an improved window function, and compensating the processed data using the stable factor method inverse Q filtering to obtain the compensated data; splicing the compensated data together to obtain the compensated seismic data. It realizes the natural transition of the time window edge, effectively eliminates the boundary line at the edge of the window function and the compensation error caused by the sudden truncation in the time domain, and solves the problem of obvious boundary lines existing at the time window edge due to inconsistent compensation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and more specifically, relates to a time-window edge fusion method, device and electronic device for inverse Q filtering. Background Art

[0002] The underground medium generally has viscosity, which brings difficulties and challenges to high-precision imaging. With the improvement of the accuracy requirements of seismic exploration, various compensation methods for seismic absorption attenuation have been developed in production. Ray migration-based compensation methods and wave equation methods have not been widely used due to excessive computational complexity, while single-trace inverse Q filtering has been more widely used due to its simple and efficient characteristics. With the advancement of research, gain-limited inverse Q filtering method, stable factor inverse Q filtering method and adaptive inverse Q filtering method have now been developed, which have greatly promoted the application of inverse Q filtering in production. If overall compensation is performed on seismic single-trace data, too much computational resources will be occupied during the Fourier transform process, while segmented compensation is more efficient and flexible, and the local compensation Q value can be flexibly changed, which is a method worthy of promotion. However, due to the different Q values of time windows, the transition between time windows is not natural, and the compensation of the front and back time windows is inconsistent, forming a "dividing line" visually. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a time-window edge fusion method, device and electronic device for inverse Q filtering, which at least solve the problem of obvious dividing lines at the time-window edges caused by inconsistent compensation in the prior art.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a time-window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering, including: when using a fixed time window to intercept single-trace seismic data, intercepting some additional data at both ends of the single-trace seismic data to obtain the intercepted seismic data;

[0005] Processing the intercepted seismic data through an improved window function, and compensating the processed data using the stable factor method inverse Q filtering to obtain the compensated data;

[0006] Stitching together the compensated data to obtain the compensated seismic data.

[0007] Optionally, when using a fixed time window to intercept single-trace seismic data, intercepting some additional data at both ends of the single-trace seismic data to obtain the intercepted seismic data includes:

[0008] Intercepting 50 ms of buffer time-window data on both sides of each fixed time window, for a total of 300 ms of data. If the time window is at the beginning or end, only 50 ms of data is intercepted at one end.

[0009] Optionally, the improved window function is:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, l0 is the fixed window length, l1 is the buffer window length intercepted on one side, and t refers to the relative time position of the data in the actually intercepted data.

[0012] Optionally, if the window is located at the initial end, the improved window function is as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Optionally, if the window is located at the end, the improved window function is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] Optionally, the intercepted seismic data is processed by the improved window function, and the processed data is compensated by using the stable factor method inverse Q filtering to obtain the compensated data, including:

[0017] Multiply the improved window function with the intercepted seismic data to obtain the transformed seismic data, then use the Fourier transform to transform the transformed seismic data into the frequency domain, and compensate the seismic data through the compensation function.

[0018] Optionally, the

[0019] The compensation function is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, A1(f) is the compensated amplitude spectrum, A0(0,f) is the amplitude spectrum before compensation, ε 2 is a very small positive number, f0 is the tuning frequency, f refers to the frequency, i refers to the imaginary part of the complex number, Q is the quality factor, and τ is the time variable.

[0022] Optionally, the splicing of the compensated data includes:

[0023] Convert the compensated data to the time domain through the inverse Fourier transform, and splice it into the whole-channel seismic data after intercepting the data at the original fixed window position.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a window edge fusion device for inverse Q filtering, including:

[0025] An interception module, configured to intercept some additional data at both ends of a single-channel seismic data when using a fixed window to intercept the single-channel seismic data, so as to obtain the intercepted seismic data;

[0026] A compensation module, which is used to process the intercepted seismic data through an improved window function, and perform compensation on the processed data using the stable factor method inverse Q filtering to obtain the compensated data;

[0027] A splicing module, which is used to splice the compensated data together to obtain the compensated seismic data.

[0028] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes:

[0029] A memory, which stores executable instructions;

[0030] A processor, and the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering according to any one of the first aspects.

[0031] The present invention intercepts multiple parts of data, processes the intercepted seismic data through an improved window function, compensates the processed data, splices the compensated data together, realizes the natural transition of the time window edge, effectively eliminates the boundary line at the edge of the window function, and the compensation error caused by the sudden truncation in the time domain, and solves the problem that there is an obvious boundary line at the time window edge due to inconsistent compensation.

[0032] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] By describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in more detail in conjunction with the drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious. Among them, in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components.

[0034] Figure 1 Shows a flowchart of the time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of a fixed time window and a buffer time window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Shows a schematic diagram of the waveform of the original seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 Shows a schematic diagram of the waveform of the seismic data after inverse Q filtering without window function transformation in the time window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 Shows a schematic diagram of the waveform of the seismic data after inverse Q filtering without using the window function in the time window according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the time window of an embodiment of the present invention and the seismic data waveform after inverse Q filtering with the window function is shown. Specific embodiments

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, a time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering includes:

[0042] Step S101: When intercepting single-channel seismic data using a fixed time window, intercept some additional data at both ends of the single-channel seismic data to obtain the intercepted seismic data;

[0043] Step S102: Process the intercepted seismic data through an improved window function, and compensate the processed data using the stable factor method inverse Q filtering to obtain the compensated data;

[0044] Step S103: Stitch the compensated data together to obtain the compensated seismic data.

[0045] Optionally, when intercepting single-channel seismic data using a fixed time window, intercepting some additional data at both ends of the single-channel seismic data to obtain the intercepted seismic data includes:

[0046] Intercept 50 ms of buffer time window data on both sides of each fixed time window, for a total of 300 ms of data. If the time window is at the beginning or end, only intercept 50 ms of data at one end.

[0047] Optionally, the improved window function is:

[0048]

[0049] where l0 is the length of the fixed time window, l1 is the length of the buffer time window intercepted on one side, and t refers to the relative time position of the data in the actually intercepted data.

[0050] Optionally, if the time window is at the initial end, the improved window function is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Optionally, if the time window is at the end, the improved window function is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Optionally, the intercepted seismic data is processed by an improved window function, and the processed data is compensated by inverse Q filtering using the stability factor method to obtain compensated data, including:

[0055] Multiply the improved window function by the intercepted seismic data to obtain the transformed seismic data, then use Fourier transform to transform the transformed seismic data into the frequency domain, and compensate the seismic data through a compensation function.

[0056] Optionally, the

[0057] The compensation function is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] Where A1(f) is the compensated amplitude spectrum, A0(0,f) is the amplitude spectrum before compensation, ε 2 is a very small positive number, f0 is the tuning frequency, f refers to the frequency, i refers to the imaginary part of the complex number, Q is the quality factor, and τ is the time variable.

[0060] Optionally, the splicing of the compensated data includes:

[0061] Convert the compensated data to the time domain through inverse Fourier transform, and splice it into the entire seismic data after intercepting the data at the original fixed time window position.

[0062] Example 1:

[0063] 1) Assume that the fixed time window is l0, the buffer time window is l1, divide the seismic data equally according to the fixed time window, and then intercept 50 ms of buffer time window data on both sides of each fixed time window, a total of 300 ms of data. If the time window is at the beginning or end, only intercept 50 ms of data at one end.

[0064] 2) Use the improved window function to transform the seismic data. The improved window function is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] If the time window is at the initial end, the improved window function is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] If the time window is at the end, the improved window function is as follows:

[0069]

[0070] Where l0 is the length of the fixed time window, l1 is the length of the buffer time window intercepted on one side, and t refers to the relative time position of the data in the actually intercepted data.

[0071] 3) Multiply the improved window function with the intercepted seismic data to obtain the transformed seismic data, and then use Fourier transform to transform the transformed seismic data into the frequency domain. Compensate the seismic data through the compensation function, and the compensation function is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] where, A1(f) is the compensated amplitude spectrum, A0(0,f) is the amplitude spectrum before compensation, ε 2 is a very small positive number, f0 is the tuning frequency, f refers to the frequency, i refers to the imaginary part of the complex number, Q is the quality factor, and τ is the time variable..

[0074] 4) Transform the compensated seismic data back to the time domain through inverse Fourier transform, and intercept the data at the original fixed time window position and splice them into the entire seismic data trace.

[0075] The actual data of the above design is tested as follows:

[0076] The fixed time window is 200 ms, and the buffer time window is 30 ms.

[0077] As Figure 2 shown, it shows the schematic diagram of time window segmentation adopted in the embodiment of the present invention. The data in the fixed time window is the final target data, and the data in the buffer time window will be discarded after inverse Q filtering compensation.

[0078] As Figure 3 shown, it is the waveform diagram of the original seismic data.

[0079] As Figure 4 shown, it is the waveform diagram of the seismic data after inverse Q filtering without using the window function with the time window adopted in the embodiment of the present invention. The fixed time window is 200 ms, and the buffer time window is 30 ms. It can be seen in the figure that there are many high-frequency interference waveforms in the blank area above the first arrival, which are the high-frequency jitters caused by the sudden truncation of the time-domain data.

[0080] As Figure 5 shown, it is the waveform diagram of the seismic data after inverse Q filtering without using the window function without adopting the time window in the embodiment of the present invention. The fixed time window is 200 ms, and the buffer time window is 0 ms. A distinct "dividing line" can be seen at the time window interface.

[0081] As Figure 6 shown, it is the waveform diagram of the seismic data after inverse Q filtering with the time window adopted in the embodiment of the present invention and using the window function. The fixed time window is 200 ms, and the buffer time window is 30 ms. There is neither high-frequency jitter phenomenon nor the dividing line at the boundary is eliminated.

[0082] Example 2:

[0083] A time-window edge fusion device for inverse Q filtering, comprising:

[0084] An interception module, configured to intercept some additional data at both ends of single-channel seismic data when using a fixed time window to intercept the single-channel seismic data, so as to obtain the intercepted seismic data;

[0085] A compensation module, configured to process the intercepted seismic data by improving a window function, and compensate the processed data by using a stable factor method for inverse Q filtering, so as to obtain the compensated data;

[0086] A splicing module, configured to splice the compensated data together to obtain the compensated seismic data.

[0087] Optionally, when using a fixed time window to intercept single-channel seismic data, intercepting some additional data at both ends of the single-channel seismic data to obtain the intercepted seismic data includes:

[0088] Intercepting buffer time window data of 50 ms on both sides of each fixed time window, with a total of 300 ms of data. If the time window is located at the initial or end, only intercept 50 ms of data at one end.

[0089] Optionally, the improved window function is:

[0090]

[0091] wherein, l0 is the length of the fixed time window, l1 is the length of the buffer time window intercepted on one side, and t refers to the relative time position of the data in the actually intercepted data.

[0092] Optionally, if the time window is located at the initial end, the improved window function is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Optionally, if the time window is located at the end, the improved window function is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] Optionally, processing the intercepted seismic data by improving a window function and compensating the processed data by using a stable factor method for inverse Q filtering to obtain the compensated data includes:

[0097] Multiplying the improved window function by the intercepted seismic data to obtain the transformed seismic data, then using Fourier transform to transform the transformed seismic data into the frequency domain, and compensating the seismic data through a compensation function.

[0098] Optionally, the

[0099] The compensation function is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Among them, A1(f) is the compensated amplitude spectrum, A0(0,f) is the amplitude spectrum before compensation, ε 2 is a very small positive number, f0 is the tuning frequency, f refers to the frequency, i refers to the imaginary part of the complex number, Q is the quality factor, and τ is the time variable.

[0102] Optionally, the step of splicing the compensated data together includes:

[0103] Converting the compensated data to the time domain through inverse Fourier transform, intercepting the data at the original fixed time window position, and then splicing them into the entire seismic data trace.

[0104] Embodiment 3:

[0105] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor,

[0106] The memory stores executable instructions;

[0107] The processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering.

[0108] This memory is used to store non-temporary computer-readable instructions. Specifically, the memory may include one or more computer program products, and these computer program products may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory, etc. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.

[0109] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In an embodiment of the present invention, the processor is used to run the computer-readable instructions stored in the memory.

[0110] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience effect, this embodiment may also include well-known structures such as communication buses and interfaces, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0111] For the detailed description of this embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, and details will not be repeated here.

[0112] Example 4:

[0113] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements a time-window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering.

[0114] The computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention stores non-transitory computer-readable instructions. When the non-transitory computer-readable instructions are run by a processor, all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention described above are executed.

[0115] The above computer-readable storage medium includes but is not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROM and DVD), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MO), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tape or removable hard disk), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory card), and media with built-in ROM (e.g., ROM cartridge).

[0116] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. The above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering, characterized in that, Including: When using a fixed time window to intercept single-channel seismic data, extra data is intercepted at both ends of the single-channel seismic data to obtain the intercepted seismic data; The intercepted seismic data is processed through an improved window function, and the processed data is compensated using the stable factor method inverse Q filtering to obtain the compensated data; The compensated data is spliced together to obtain the compensated seismic data; Wherein, the improved window function is: ， Among them, is the fixed time window length, is the buffer time window length for unilateral multi-interception, refers to the relative time position of the data in the actual intercepted data.

2. The time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering according to claim 1, wherein When using a fixed time window to intercept single-channel seismic data, extra data is intercepted at both ends of the single-channel seismic data to obtain the intercepted seismic data, including: Extra buffer time window data of 50 ms is intercepted on both sides of each fixed time window, with a total of 300 ms of data. If the time window is at the beginning or end, only 50 ms of data is intercepted at one end.

3. The time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering according to claim 1, wherein If the time window is at the beginning, the improved window function is as follows: 。 4. The time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering according to claim 1, wherein If the time window is at the end, the improved window function is as follows: 。 5. The time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering according to claim 1, wherein The intercepted seismic data is processed through an improved window function, and the processed data is compensated using the stable factor method inverse Q filtering to obtain the compensated data, including: The improved window function is multiplied by the intercepted seismic data to obtain the transformed seismic data, and then the transformed seismic data is transformed into the frequency domain using Fourier transform, and the seismic data is compensated through a compensation function.

6. The time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering according to claim 5, wherein The Compensation function is as follows: ， Among them, , is the amplitude spectrum after compensation, is the amplitude spectrum before compensation, is a very small positive number, is the tuning frequency, refers to the frequency, refers to the imaginary part of the complex number, and Q is the quality factor, is the time variable.

7. The time window edge fusion method for inverse Q filtering according to claim 1, wherein The splicing of the compensated data together includes: The compensated data is transformed into the time domain through inverse Fourier transform, and the data at the original fixed time window position is intercepted and spliced into the entire-channel seismic data.

8. A time window edge fusion device for inverse Q filtering, characterized in that Including: An interception module, configured to intercept extra data at both ends of the single-channel seismic data when using a fixed time window to intercept single-channel seismic data to obtain the intercepted seismic data; A compensation module, configured to process the intercepted seismic data through an improved window function and compensate the processed data using the stable factor method inverse Q filtering to obtain the compensated data; A splicing module, configured to splice the compensated data together to obtain the compensated seismic data; Wherein, the improved window function is: ， Among them, is the fixed time window length, is the buffer time window length for unilateral multi-interception, refers to the relative time position of the data in the actual intercepted data.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: A memory storing executable instructions; A processor that runs the executable instructions in the memory to implement the seismic data acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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