High-speed strong drilling anchor execution mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a high-speed and high-torque drilling anchor execution mechanism and relates to the technical field of drilling machines. The execution mechanism comprises a shell, a main shaft arranged in the shell, a driving device connected with the main shaft, a small shaft sleeve arranged at the tail of the main shaft, a water seal structure arranged between the small shaft sleeve and the driving device, an upper bearing and a lower bearing arranged on the main shaft, a lock nut combination used for adjusting the gap of the bearing at the tail of the lower bearing, a large shaft sleeve arranged at the upper portion of the main shaft, a shaft seal cover arranged at the outer side of the large shaft sleeve, a shaft seal structure arranged between the main shaft and the shaft seal cover, a spline shaft connected with the upper portion of the main shaft, a connecting device arranged at the upper portion of the spline shaft, and a drill rod or a stirrer connected with the connecting device. The execution mechanism has the advantages of small volume, compact structure, high reliability, high supporting efficiency, doubled torque and rotational speed under the condition of equal oil supply and pressure, high rotational speed function used in drilling, large torque function used in stirring, improved work efficiency and accelerated progress of the roadway supporting in the coal mine.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling machines, in particular to a high-speed and high-power drilling anchoring actuating mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the prior art, a cycloid motor is used as a power source to directly drive a main shaft to rotate to realize drilling and anchoring. The diameter of the water seal of the main shaft is 50-60mm, which leads to high linear speed of the water seal and frequent damage of the water seal. In addition, the speed of the cycloid motor is single, and the switching of large speed and large torque cannot be realized. In the process of anchor cable support, the motor has high load, high damage rate, insufficient torque and high maintenance frequency, which finally leads to low efficiency of anchor cable support and limits the efficiency of coal mine roadway excavation. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a high-speed and high-power drilling anchoring actuating mechanism to solve the problems of low torque, easy damage, low efficiency in the process of drilling and mixing of anchor rods and anchor cables, and serious restriction on the progress of roadway support in coal mines.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] The high-speed and high-power drilling anchoring actuating mechanism comprises a shell, a main shaft arranged in the shell, a driving device connected with the main shaft, a small shaft sleeve arranged at the tail of the main shaft, a water seal structure arranged between the small shaft sleeve and the driving device, an upper bearing and a lower bearing arranged on the main shaft, a tail of the lower bearing for adjusting the gap of the bearing through a lock nut combination, a large shaft sleeve arranged at the upper part of the main shaft, an axle seal cover arranged on the outer side of the large shaft sleeve, an axle seal structure arranged between the main shaft and the axle seal cover, a spline shaft connected with the upper part of the main shaft, a connecting device arranged on the upper part of the spline shaft, and a drill rod or a mixer connected with the connecting device.

[0006] Further, the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, the upper shell and the lower shell are connected together through bolts, and a protective plate is connected to one side of the lower shell.

[0007] Further, the driving device comprises a motor, a liquid distribution block and a saddle block are arranged on one side of the motor, hydraulic power oil passes through the liquid distribution block into the saddle block, and drives the motor through the internal oil way of the saddle block, a pinion is connected with the output shaft of the motor, and a large gear meshing with the pinion is connected with the main shaft.

[0008] Further, the water sealing structure is an X-shaped sealing ring, the X-shaped sealing ring is sleeved on the outside of the small shaft sleeve, the outside of the X-shaped sealing ring is provided with a sealing sleeve, a plurality of oil holes are arranged on the sealing sleeve and communicate with a lubricating oil channel, the lubricating oil channel communicates with an oil discharge port of the motor, and a one-way valve is installed on the lubricating oil channel.

[0009] Further, the upper bearing and the lower bearing are conical thrust bearings.

[0010] Further, the outside of the connecting device is provided with a waterproof cap.

[0011] Further, the connecting device comprises a chuck, the chuck is locked and connected on the spline shaft through a lock nut, the top of the upper shell is provided with a gland, and a lock nut is arranged between the lock nut and the gland.

[0012] Further, a plurality of guide vanes are arranged at the lower edge of the gland, and the cross section of the guide vanes is triangular.

[0013] Further, the top of the upper shell is provided with a travel switch, an exhaust valve and an oil filling port are arranged on the upper shell, the oil filling port communicates with the liquid distribution block, and a drain plug is installed on the saddle block.

[0014] Further, the shaft sealing structure comprises a first sealing structure, a second sealing structure and a third sealing structure, the third sealing structure is two sealing skeletons, the two sealing skeletons are installed back to back between the main shaft and the shaft sealing cover, the second sealing structure is a composite sealing ring, the composite sealing ring is sequentially provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, a bronze layer and a nitrile rubber layer from inside to outside, the composite sealing ring is sleeved on the outside of the shaft sealing cover and is clamped in the mounting groove of the gland, and the first sealing structure comprises a wool mounting seat and wool, the wool mounting seat is installed between the gland and the shaft sealing cover, and the wool is installed on the wool mounting seat.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present application are:

[0016] The present application has the advantages of small volume, compact structure, high reliability, high support efficiency, doubled torque and rotation speed compared with other drilling mechanisms under the same oil supply amount and pressure, and can solve the key problems of current coal mine anchor rod and anchor cable support, improve the working efficiency of anchor rod and anchor cable support drilling and stirring, speed up the progress of coal mine roadway support, and solve the imbalance problem of mine coal mining and support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The application will be further described in connection with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Front view of the high-speed and powerful drilling anchor execution mechanism of the application;

[0019] Figure 2 Top view of the high-speed and powerful drilling anchor execution mechanism of the application;

[0020] Figure 3 Side view of the high-speed and powerful drilling anchor execution mechanism of the application;

[0021] Figure 4 A-A direction sectional view of the application;

[0022] Figure 5 Overall structure sectional view of the application;

[0023] Figure 6 B-B direction sectional view of the application;

[0024] Figure 7 The application Figure 6 Enlarged view at C in the middle;

[0025] Figure 8 Saddle block structure schematic view of the application;

[0026] Figure 9 Another angle structure schematic view of the saddle block of the application;

[0027] Figure 10 Cover structure schematic view of the application;

[0028] Figure 11 Cover sectional view of the application;

[0029] Figure 12 Small shaft sleeve and water seal, seal sleeve installation structure schematic view of the application;

[0030] Figure 13 Seal sleeve structure schematic view of the application;

[0031] Explanation of reference signs: 1, chuck; 2, lock nut; 3, waterproof cap; 4, anti-loosening nut; 5, gland; 501, guide vane; 6, upper shell; 7, lower shell; 8, travel switch; 9, exhaust valve; 10, oil filler; 11, motor; 12, saddle block; 1201, bolt connection hole; 13, liquid mixing block; 14, protective plate; 15, main shaft; 16, pinion; 17, gear; 18, small shaft sleeve; 19, upper bearing; 20, lower bearing; 21, lock nut combination; 22, spline shaft; 23, large shaft sleeve; 24, shaft sealing cover; 25, oil drain plug; 26, first sealing structure; 2601, wool mounting seat; 2602, wool; 27, second sealing structure; 28, third sealing structure; 29, sealing sleeve; 2901, oil hole; 30, lubricating oil path; 31, one-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical problems to be solved by the present application, technical solutions and beneficial effects clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited. The meaning of "several" is one or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0035] As Figures 1-13As shown, a high-speed strong drilling anchor actuator includes a housing, the inside of the housing is provided with a main shaft 15, the main shaft 15 is connected with a driving device, the tail of the main shaft 15 is provided with a small shaft sleeve 18, the small shaft sleeve 18 and the driving device are provided with a water sealing structure, the main shaft 15 is provided with an upper bearing 19 and a lower bearing 20, the tail of the lower bearing 20 is adjusted by a lock nut combination 21 to adjust the gap of the bearing, the upper part of the main shaft 15 is provided with a large shaft sleeve 23, the outside of the large shaft sleeve 23 is provided with a shaft sealing cover 24, the main shaft 15 and the shaft sealing cover 24 are equipped with a shaft sealing structure, specifically, the main shaft 15 is connected with a spline shaft 22 above, the main shaft 15 and the spline shaft 22 transmit torque through inner and outer spline cooperation and limit axial movement by six high-strength internal hexagonal connections, the upper part of the spline shaft 22 is provided with a connecting device, the connecting device is connected with a drill rod or a stirrer.

[0036] Specifically, the housing includes an upper shell 6 and a lower shell 7, the upper shell 6 and the lower shell 7 are connected together by bolts; one side of the lower shell 7 is connected with a protective plate 14, the function of the protective plate is to protect the connected rubber pipe from being damaged by external force on site.

[0037] The driving device includes a motor 11, one side of the motor 11 is provided with a liquid distribution block 13 and a saddle block 12, hydraulic power oil passes through the liquid distribution block 13 into the saddle block 12, and drives the motor 11 through the internal oil way of the saddle block 12, the output shaft of the motor 11 is connected with a small gear 16, the main shaft 15 is connected with a large gear 17 which is engaged with the small gear 16; specifically, the torque output by the motor 11 is transmitted to the large gear 17 through the small gear 16, the transmission ratio is 4.5:1, the large gear 17 and the main shaft 15 are fixed radially by keys and axially by a snap spring.

[0038] As shown in Figure 8 , 9 , six interfaces are provided on the saddle block 12: S port (motor oil return), W port (water), P port (motor oil supply), X port (control oil port), Q port (switch signal), D port (motor return flow), the saddle block has a deep hole oil way and a process hole inside, the saddle block is an integral oil way block, five-way oil and one-way water are all transmitted through the saddle block, and are connected with the motor 11, correspondingly, six interfaces are also provided on the liquid distribution block 13: S port (motor oil return), W port (water), P port (motor oil supply), X port (control oil port), Q port (switch signal), D port (motor return flow); the saddle block 12 is provided with a bolt connection hole 1201, the corresponding position of the liquid distribution block 13 is also provided with a connection hole, the saddle block 12 and the liquid distribution block 13 are connected by seven bolts.

[0039] As shown in Figure 12 , 13As shown, the water sealing structure is an X-shaped sealing ring, which is made of NBR90 and has a hardness requirement, the X-shaped sealing ring is sleeved on the outer side of the small shaft sleeve 18, the outer side of the X-shaped sealing ring is provided with a sealing sleeve 29, a plurality of oil holes 2901 are arranged on the sealing sleeve 29, the oil holes 2901 are communicated with a lubricating oil path 30, the lubricating oil path 30 is communicated with an oil outlet of the motor 11, and a one-way valve 31 is installed on the lubricating oil path 30; in addition, in order to improve the sealing effect, the outer sides of the sealing sleeve 29 are sealed by O-shaped rings on both sides of the saddle block 12.

[0040] In order to prevent the problem of insufficient sealing and lubrication of the small shaft sleeve 18, especially the relatively serious wear and tear on the water sealing side, and improve the service life of the sealing, a sealing sleeve 29 is additionally arranged on the outer side of the small shaft sleeve 18, the water sealing structure is located in the sealing sleeve 29, and three rows of oil holes 2901 with a diameter of 1 mm are arranged on the sealing sleeve 29 and connected with the lubricating oil path 30, so that the lubricating oil can effectively penetrate into the outer side of the small shaft sleeve 18 and ensure the reliable oil supply of the sealing oil film. The oil return lubrication is introduced into the outer side of the small shaft sleeve 18, the oil path is communicated with the oil outlet D of the motor, a one-way valve 31 is arranged between the oil return oil paths to prevent the water in the water path from returning to the hydraulic system, the generation of the oil film can limit the friction coefficient of the sealing, in addition, the small shaft sleeve is made of tungsten steel, the HRC reaches 65, the surface roughness Ra is less than 0.1 after polishing treatment, and the tungsten steel has the characteristics of not being easy to rust, and the service life of the sealing can be effectively improved after the improvement.

[0041] The upper bearing 19 and the lower bearing 20 are conical thrust bearings.

[0042] The outer side of the connecting device is provided with a waterproof cap 3.

[0043] The connecting device comprises a chuck 1, the chuck 1 is locked and connected on the spline shaft 22 through a lock nut 2, the top of the upper shell 6 is provided with a gland 5, and a lock nut 2 and a gland 5 are arranged between the lock nut 2 and the gland 5. The function of the lock nut is to lock the chuck and the spline shaft. The function of the chuck is to fix the drill rod and the stirrer. The concentricity between the chuck and the spline shaft is required to be 0.05mm. The chuck is a consumable part and is replaced after a certain degree of wear.

[0044] The function of the gland is to prevent water and dust, such as Figure 10 、 11 As shown, a plurality of guide vanes 501 are arranged at the lower edge of the gland 5, the cross section of the guide vane 501 is triangular, and the inclination angle γ of the bottom of the gland 5 is 21°. By arranging the guide vanes, the dust and water generated during the operation of the mechanism can be effectively prevented from entering the inside of the mechanism. The spiral centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the gland during the operation of the mechanism can be used to take away the falling water and coal slurry from the gland. At the same time, the rotation of the guide vanes can generate a certain airflow to blow away part of the falling dust.

[0045] The top of the upper housing 6 is provided with a limit switch 8. The upper housing 6 is provided with an exhaust valve 9 and an oil filling port 10. The oil filling port 10 is connected to the liquid distribution block 13. The saddle block 12 is equipped with an oil drain plug 25. When adding oil, 220# gear oil is added through the oil filling port 10. When draining oil, the oil drain plug 25 is unscrewed. The function of the exhaust valve is to remove air from inside the housing.

[0046] The function of limit switch 8 is to stop the motor from rotating by triggering the switch when the actuator moves to the designated position.

[0047] like Figure 7 As shown, the shaft sealing structure includes a first sealing structure 26, a second sealing structure 27, and a third sealing structure 28. The third sealing structure 28 consists of two sealing skeletons, which are installed back-to-back between the main shaft 15 and the shaft sealing cover 24. The second sealing structure 27 is a composite sealing ring, which is composed of a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, a bronze layer, and a nitrile rubber layer from the inside to the outside. The composite sealing ring is sleeved on the outside of the shaft sealing cover 24 and snapped into the mounting groove of the pressure cover 5. The first sealing structure 26 includes a hairline mounting seat 2601 and a hairline 2602. The hairline mounting seat 2601 is installed between the pressure cover 5 and the shaft sealing cover 24, and the hairline 2602 is installed on the hairline mounting seat 2601.

[0048] Specifically, the felt material is PA610, which has good wear resistance and excellent bending resistance. In addition, to prevent dust and water from entering the mechanism, the tilt angle of the felt mounting base 2601 and the tilt angle γ of the bottom of the pressure cover 5 are both designed to be 21°, which improves the dustproof effect by 1 times compared with the horizontal design. The second sealing structure 27 is a composite sealing ring, which is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, bronze and nitrile rubber. The design linear velocity can reach 15m / s, and it has excellent wear resistance and dustproof performance. The third sealing structure 28 is two back-to-back skeleton seals, which play a double protection role.

[0049] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0050] During drilling, the chuck 1 is connected to the drill rod and locked by the lock nut 2. The motor 11 is started, and the motor 11 drives the pinion 16 to rotate. The pinion 16 drives the gear 17 to rotate, which in turn drives the spindle 15 to rotate. The spindle 15 drives the spline shaft 22 to rotate, and the spline shaft 22 drives the chuck 1 to rotate, thereby driving the drill rod to rotate and perform drilling operations.

[0051] When stirring, the chuck 1 is connected with the stirrer, and is locked through the lock nut 2, the motor 11 is started, the motor 11 drives the pinion 16 to rotate, the pinion 16 drives the gear wheel 17 to rotate, and then drives the main shaft 15 to rotate, the main shaft 15 drives the spline shaft 22 to rotate, the spline shaft 22 drives the chuck 1 to rotate, so as to drive the stirrer to rotate, and stirring operation is carried out.

[0052] The present application has the following advantages:

[0053] 1. The small shaft sleeve and the large shaft sleeve are selected from wear-resistant shaft sleeves, and the combination of the wear-resistant shaft sleeve and the main shaft is used, compared with the integrated main shaft, the sealing part of the combined main shaft has better wear-resistant effect;

[0054] 2. The waterproof cap is one-level waterproof, the gland is two-level waterproof, and simultaneously has dustproof effect, the upper shell and the lower shell are three-level waterproof, through the three-level waterproof and dustproof design, compared with the traditional single-stage dustproof, the waterproof and dustproof effect is improved by 3 times;

[0055] 3. When drilling, high rotation speed (680 rpm) and low torque (150 Nm) are used, when stirring, low rotation speed (200 rpm) and high torque (400 Nm) are used, when the motor is normally working, it is in high rotation speed mode, when high torque mode is needed, the system gives the control signal port of the liquid distribution plate for oil, the high-pressure oil is transmitted to the saddle block through the liquid distribution plate, and finally the pressure oil reaches the X port of the motor to push the motor swash plate to move, so as to realize rotation speed switching, and through the control port signal, free conversion is realized, which is perfectly matched with the scene, and the problems of insufficient speed when drilling and insufficient torque when stirring of the existing mechanism are effectively solved;

[0056] 4. The water seal of the traditional mechanism is in the middle of the main shaft, the rotary linear speed is above 3 m / s, the water seal of the present application is installed at the tail of the main shaft, the diameter is reduced by 1 / 3, and the rotary linear speed is below 1 m / s, so that the service life of the water seal is increased by 3 times;

[0057] 5. The saddle block is an integral oil way block, 5-way oil and 1-way water are all transmitted through the saddle block, compared with separate transmission, a large number of leakage points are reduced;

[0058] 6. Small volume, compact structure, and large transmission speed ratio.

[0059] The above-described embodiments are only used to describe the preferred modes of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A high speed high force drilling anchor actuator characterized by: The shell is internally provided with a main shaft (15) connected with a driving device, the tail of the main shaft (15) is provided with a small shaft sleeve (18), a water seal structure is arranged between the small shaft sleeve (18) and the driving device, the main shaft (15) is provided with an upper bearing (19) and a lower bearing (20), the tail of the lower bearing (20) adjusts the bearing gap through a lock nut combination (21), the upper part of the main shaft (15) is provided with a large shaft sleeve (23), the outer side of the large shaft sleeve (23) is provided with a shaft sealing cover (24), a shaft sealing structure is arranged between the main shaft (15) and the shaft sealing cover (24), the upper part of the main shaft (15) is connected with a spline shaft (22), the upper part of the spline shaft (22) is provided with a connecting device connected with a drill rod or a stirrer. The water seal structure is an X-shaped sealing ring, the X-shaped sealing ring is sleeved on the outer side of the small shaft sleeve (18), the outer side of the X-shaped sealing ring is provided with a sealing sleeve (29), a plurality of oil holes (2901) are arranged on the sealing sleeve (29), the oil holes (2901) are communicated with a lubricating oil path (30), the lubricating oil path (30) is communicated with the oil discharge port of a motor (11), and a one-way valve (31) is arranged on the lubricating oil path (30). The shaft sealing structure comprises a first sealing structure (26), a second sealing structure (27) and a third sealing structure (28), the third sealing structure (28) comprises two sealing skeletons which are arranged back to back between the main shaft (15) and the shaft sealing cover (24), the second sealing structure (27) is a composite sealing ring which is sleeved on the outer side of the shaft sealing cover (24) and clamped in the mounting groove of the gland (5), and the first sealing structure (26) comprises a wool mounting seat (2601) and wool (2602), the wool mounting seat (2601) is arranged between the gland (5) and the shaft sealing cover (24), and the wool (2602) is arranged on the wool mounting seat (2601).

2. The high speed, high force, drilling anchor actuator of claim 1, wherein: The shell comprises an upper shell (6) and a lower shell (7), and the upper shell (6) and the lower shell (7) are connected by bolts; one side of the lower shell (7) is connected with a protective plate (14).

3. The high speed, high force, drilling anchor actuator of claim 2, wherein: The driving device comprises a motor (11), one side of the motor (11) is provided with a liquid distribution block (13) and a saddle block (12), hydraulic power oil passes through the liquid distribution block (13) into the saddle block (12), and drives the motor (11) through the internal oil path of the saddle block (12), and the output shaft of the motor (11) is connected with a small gear (16), and the main shaft (15) is connected with a large gear (17) engaged with the small gear (16).

4. The high speed, high force, drilling anchor actuator of claim 1 wherein: The upper bearing (19) and the lower bearing (20) are conical thrust bearings.

5. The high speed, high force, drilling anchor actuator of claim 1 wherein: The outer side of the connecting device is provided with a waterproof cap (3).

6. The high speed, high force, drilling anchor actuator of claim 2, wherein: The connecting device comprises a chuck (1) which is locked and connected to the spline shaft (22) through a lock nut (2), the top of the upper shell (6) is provided with a gland (5), and a lock nut (4) is arranged between the lock nut (2) and the gland (5).

7. The high speed, high force, drilling anchor actuator of claim 1 wherein: A plurality of guide vanes (501) are arranged at the lower edge of the gland (5), and the cross section of the guide vanes (501) is triangular.

8. The high speed, high force, drilling anchor actuator of claim 3, wherein: The top of the upper shell (6) is provided with a travel switch (8), the upper shell (6) is provided with an exhaust valve (9) and a filling port (10), the filling port (10) communicates with the liquid distribution block (13), and a drain plug (25) is installed on the saddle block (12).

9. The high speed, high force, drilling anchor actuator of claim 1 wherein: The composite sealing ring is sequentially provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, a bronze layer and a butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber layer from inside to outside.

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