A calculation method for the single fruit weight of Camellia oleifera based on probability statistics

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for calculating the single-fruit weight of oil-tea camellia based on probability statistics. First, three fruit traits of the oil-tea camellia fruit, namely the number of carpels, the number of fertile locules, and the single-fruit weight, are observed, and the average single-fruit weight of fruits with different numbers of carpels and different numbers of fertile locules is statistically analyzed. Then, the number of carpels, the number of ovules, and the ovule abortion rate of the fruit are set, and the probability of fruits with different numbers of fertile locules is calculated using the binomial formula. Finally, the single-fruit weight of the oil-tea camellia under the set conditions is calculated based on the average single-fruit weight of fruits with different numbers of fertile locules and their probabilities. The present invention can calculate the single-fruit weight of the oil-tea camellia according to the target of variety design, and can be applied to the parental selection in molecular design breeding and cross-breeding of the oil-tea camellia, and the early selection of hybrid and backcross offspring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of plant breeding, and particularly to a method for calculating the single fruit weight of Camellia oleifera. Background Art

[0002] Camellia oleifera, also known as tea seed tree, is the general name of oil-bearing species in the genus Camellia of the family Theaceae( Camellia ). The oil extracted from the seeds of Camellia oleifera is called Camellia oleifera seed oil or tea oil, which is rich in unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid and linoleic acid and is a high-quality edible oil. Camellia oleifera species with a certain cultivation area and cultivation history include: Camellia oleifera Abel( Camellia oleifera ), Camellia meiocarpa Hu( C. meiocarpa ), Camellia chekiangoleosa Hu( C. chekiangoleosa ), Camellia yuhsienensis Hu( C. yuhsienensis ), etc. Generally, the Camellia oleifera referred to is Camellia oleifera Abel.

[0003] At present, the whole genome sequences of multiple Camellia oleifera species have been published, marking that the breeding of Camellia oleifera is entering the era of molecular design breeding: first, predict the growth, development and external response behavior of plants on the computer; then, according to specific breeding goals, construct a blueprint for variety design, and finally breed new Camellia oleifera varieties that meet the design requirements in combination with breeding practice.

[0004] Single fruit weight is a quantitative trait that has an important impact on plant yield. The single fruit weight of Camellia oleifera refers to the mass of mature or nearly mature fresh fruits. Calculating the single fruit weight of Camellia oleifera according to the goals of variety design is a basic requirement for molecular design breeding. At present, there is no relevant report on calculating the single fruit weight of Camellia oleifera. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for calculating the single fruit weight of Camellia oleifera based on probability statistics, so that the single fruit weight can be calculated according to the goals of variety design.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for calculating the single fruit weight of Camellia oleifera based on probability statistics, including the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Randomly harvest the Camellia oleifera fruits that are about to mature, observe three fruit traits: the number of carpels, the number of fertile ventricles (ventricles containing seeds), and the single fruit weight; calculate the average single fruit weight (w n k ) of fruits with different numbers of carpels (n) and different numbers of fertile ventricles (k);

[0008] Step 2: Set the number of carpels (n), the number of ovules (m), and the ovule abortion rate (r) of the fruits, and calculate the probabilities of fruits with different numbers of fertile ventricles;

[0009] n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, 0 < m, 0 < r < 1.

[0010] The specific process is as follows:

[0011] Step 1: Calculate the probability (p) of sterile ventricles;

[0012] p = r m

[0013] Step 2: Use the binomial formula to calculate the uncorrected probability (P ’ (k) ) of fruits with different fertile ventricle numbers (k);

[0014] k is an integer from 0 to n;

[0015] P ’ (k) = C n k ·p n-k ·(1 - p) k

[0016] Step 3: Remove P ’ (0) , and correct the remaining P ’ (k) to obtain the probability (P (k) ) of fruits with different fertile ventricle numbers;

[0017] P (k) = P ’ (k) / (1 - P ’ (0) );

[0018] k is an integer from 1 to n;

[0019] Step 3: According to the probability of fruits with different fertile ventricle numbers and the average single fruit weight (w n k ) obtained in Step 1, calculate the single fruit weight (W) of the variety design;

[0020] W = ∑w n k ·P (k)

[0021] In some embodiments, when the number of carpels set in Step 2 is a non-integer, the number of carpels is decomposed into 2 consecutive integers proportionally, and their weighted average is equal to or approximately equal to the set number of carpels. Calculate the single fruit weight according to the two types of integer carpel numbers respectively, and then calculate the single fruit weight by weighted calculation of the two types of integer carpel numbers;

[0022] In some embodiments, when the single fruit weight of fruits with specific carpel numbers and specific fertile locule numbers is missing from the observed data obtained in step one, a linear regression equation is established using the observed data to estimate the missing single fruit weight.

[0023] In some embodiments, when the carpel number of the fruit set in step two is greater than the carpel number observed in step one, a linear regression equation is established using the observed data in step one to estimate the single fruit weight of fruits with different fertile locule numbers for the set carpel number.

[0024] Advantages of the present invention: The present invention utilizes the average single fruit weight of fruits with different fertile locule numbers to establish a method for calculating the single fruit weight of Camellia oleifera based on carpel number, ovule number, and ovule abortion rate. The present invention can be applied to parental selection in molecular design breeding and cross-breeding of Camellia oleifera, as well as early selection of hybrid and backcross offspring. Specific embodiments

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1. Improvement of the excellent Camellia oleifera variety Ganwu 1: Calculation of the single fruit weight when the carpel number is increased to 4

[0027] 1.1 Observation of fruit traits of the excellent Camellia oleifera variety Ganwu 1

[0028] Three hundred Camellia oleifera fruits about to ripen were harvested, and the single fruit weight of each fruit was weighed using an electronic balance; the pericarp was removed, and the carpel number and fertile locule number of each fruit were observed. The number of fruits with different carpel numbers and different fertile locule numbers was counted, and the average single fruit weight was calculated (Table 1).

[0029] Table 1 Carpel number, fertile locule number, and single fruit weight of the excellent Camellia oleifera variety Ganwu 1

[0030]

[0031] 1.2 Calculation of the probability of fruits with different fertile locule numbers

[0032] After improvement, the carpel number (n), ovule number (m), and ovule abortion rate (r) of the fruit are respectively: n = 4 fruits / fruit, m = 5 ovules / room, r = 0.782;

[0033] 1.2.1 Calculation of the probability (p) of infertile locules

[0034] p = 0.782 5 = 0.292

[0035] 1.2.2 Calculation of the uncorrected probability (P ’ (k) )

[0036] Probability of fruit with 4 carpels and 0 fertile locules (P ’ (0) )

[0037] P ’ (0) = 0.007

[0038] Uncorrected probability of fruit with 4 carpels and 1 fertile locule (P ’ (1) )

[0039] P ’ (1) = 0.071

[0040] Uncorrected probability of fruit with 4 carpels and 2 fertile locules (P ’ (2) )

[0041] P ’ (2) = 0.257

[0042] Uncorrected probability of fruit with 4 carpels and 3 fertile locules (P ’ (3) )

[0043] P ’ (3) = 0.414

[0044] Uncorrected probability of fruit with 4 carpels and 4 fertile locules (P ’ (4) )

[0045] P ’ (4) = 0.251

[0046] 1.2.3 Correct P ’ (1) to P ’ (4) to obtain the probabilities of fruits with different numbers of fertile locules (P (k) )

[0047] Probability of fruit with 4 carpels and 1 fertile locule (P (1) )

[0048] P (1) = 0.071

[0049] Probability of fruit with 4 carpels and 2 fertile locules (P (2) )

[0050] P (2) = 0.259

[0051] Probability of fruits with 4 carpels and 3 fertile locules (P (3) )

[0052] P (3) = 0.417

[0053] Probability of fruits with 4 carpels and 4 fertile locules (P (4) )

[0054] P (4) = 0.252

[0055] 1.3 Calculate the single fruit weight (W) of variety design

[0056] In Table 1 of Example 1, there is no data on the single fruit weight (w4 1 ) of fruits with 4 carpels and 1 fertile locule. A regression equation is established using the data in Table 1;

[0057] w = 3.57 + 0.20·n + 2.68·k

[0058] According to the regression equation:

[0059] w4 1 = 7.05 g

[0060] W = w4 1 ·P (1) + w4 2 ·P (2) + w4 3 ·P (3) + w4 4 ·P (4)

[0061] W = 11.84 g.

[0062] Example 2. Improve the excellent Camellia oleifera variety Ganwu 1: Calculate the single fruit weight when the number of carpels is increased to 4 and the number of ovules is increased by 5.5

[0063] 2.1 Observation of fruit traits of the excellent Camellia oleifera variety Ganwu 1 (the same as 1.1 in Example 1)

[0064] 2.2 Calculate the probabilities of fruits with different numbers of fertile locules

[0065] After improvement, the number of carpels (n), number of ovules (m), and ovule abortion rate (r) of the fruits are: n = 4 fruits / carpel, m = 5.5 ovules / locule, r = 0.782;

[0066] 2.2.1 Calculate the probability (p) of infertile locules

[0067] p = 0.782 5.5 = 0.259

[0068] 2.2.2 Calculate the uncorrected probabilities (P ’ (k) )

[0069] P ’ (0) = 0.004

[0070] P ’ (1) = 0.051

[0071] P ’ (2) = 0.221

[0072] P ’ (3) = 0.422

[0073] P ’ (4) = 0.302

[0074] 2.2.3 Correct P ’ (1) to P ’ (4) to obtain the probabilities (P (k) )

[0075] P (1) = 0.052

[0076] P (2) = 0.222

[0077] P (3) = 0.423

[0078] P (4) = 0.303

[0079] 2.3 Calculate the single fruit weight (W) of the variety design;

[0080] W = 12.26 g.

[0081] Example 3. Improve the excellent oil-tea camellia variety Ganwu 1: Calculate the single fruit weight when the number of carpels is increased to 4.33

[0082] 3.1 Observe the fruit traits of the excellent oil-tea camellia variety Ganwu 1 (the same as 1.1 in Example 1)

[0083] 3.2 Calculate the single fruit weight when the number of carpels is 5

[0084] After improvement, the number of carpels (n), the number of ovules (m), and the ovule abortion rate (r) of the fruit are: n = 4.33 carpels / fruit, m = 5 ovules / room, r = 0.782; the number of carpels is divided into two types, 4 and 5 (the ratio is 2:1), and the single fruit weight is calculated separately; when n = 4, the single fruit weight is the same as the result of Example 1, W (n=4) = 11.84 g; calculate the single fruit weight when the number of carpels is 5.

[0085] 3.2.1 Calculate the probability (p) of sterile ventricles (the same as in Example 1)

[0086] 3.2.2 Calculate the uncorrected probability (P ’ (k) )

[0087] P ’ (0) = 0.002

[0088] P ’ (1) = 0.026

[0089] P ’ (2) = 0.125

[0090] P ’ (3) = 0.303

[0091] P ’ (4) = 0.366

[0092] P ’ (5) = 0.177

[0093] 3.2.3 Correct P ’ (1) to P ’ (5) to obtain the probability (P (k) )

[0094] P (1) = 0.026

[0095] P (2) = 0.125

[0096] P (3) = 0.303

[0097] P (4) = 0.367

[0098] P (5)= 0.178

[0099] 3.2.4 Calculate the single fruit weight of fruits with different fertile locule numbers when the number of carpels is 5

[0100] The set number of carpels is greater than the observed number of carpels in Table 1 of Example 1. Use the regression equation established in 1.3 of Example 1 to calculate the single fruit weight of fruits with different fertile locule numbers when the number of carpels is 5 (w5 k )

[0101] w5 1 = 7.25 g

[0102] w5 2 = 9.93 g

[0103] w5 3 = 12.61 g

[0104] w5 4 = 15.29 g

[0105] w5 5 = 17.97 g

[0106] 3.2.5 Calculate the single fruit weight (W) when the number of carpels is 5

[0107] W (n=5) = 14.06 g

[0108] 3.3 Calculate the single fruit weight (W) of the variety design

[0109] W = (W (n=4) ·2 + W (n=5) ) / 3 = 12.58 g

[0110] Example 4. Improve the excellent oil-tea camellia variety Ganwu 1: Calculate the single fruit weight when the number of carpels is increased to 4.67

[0111] 4.1 Observation of the fruit traits of the excellent oil-tea camellia variety Ganwu 1 (the same as 1.1 in Example 1)

[0112] 4.2 Calculate the single fruit weight (W) of the variety design

[0113] After improvement, the number of carpels (n), the number of ovules (m), and the ovule abortion rate (r) of the fruit are: n = 4.67, m = 5, r = 0.782; the number of carpels is divided into two types, 4 and 5 (the ratio is 1:2), and the single fruit weight is calculated respectively; when n = 4, the single fruit weight is the same as the result of Example 1, W (n=4)= 11.84 g; When n = 5, the single fruit weight is the same as the result when n = 5 in 3.2.5 of Example 3, W (n=5) = 14.06 g.

[0114] W = (W (n=4) + W (n=5) ·2) / 3 = 13.32 g.

Claims

1. A calculation method for the single fruit weight of oil-tea camellia based on probability statistics, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1: Randomly harvest the nearly mature oil-tea camellia fruits, and observe the number of carpels, the number of fertile locules, and the single-fruit weight; calculate the average single-fruit weight w of the fruits with different numbers of carpels n and different numbers of fertile locules k n k ; Step 2: Set the number of carpels \(n\), the number of ovules \(m\), and the ovule abortion rate \(r\) of the fruit, and calculate the probabilities of fruits with different numbers of fertile locules; \(n\) is an integer greater than or equal to 2, \(0 \lt m\), \(0 \lt r \lt 1\); The specific process is as follows: Step 1: Calculate the probability \(p\) of infertile locules; p＝r m Step 2: Calculate the uncorrected probability P’ of fruits with different fertile ventricle numbers k using the binomial formula (k) ; \(k\) is an integer from 0 to \(n\); P’ (k) = C n k · p n-k · (1 - p) k Step 3: Remove P' (0) , and correct the remaining P' (k) to obtain the probability P of fruits with different numbers of fertile ventricles (k) ; P (k) = P' (k) / (1 - P' (0) ) \(k\) is an integer from 1 to \(n\); Step 3: Calculate the single fruit weight W of the variety design based on the probabilities of fruits with different fertile ventricle numbers and the average single fruit weight w obtained in Step 1 n k , and calculate the single fruit weight W of the variety design; W = ∑w n k ·P (k) 。 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: When the number of carpels set in Step 2 is not an integer, decompose the number of carpels into two consecutive integers proportionally, and their weighted average is equal to the set number of carpels. Calculate the single fruit weight according to the two types of integer carpel numbers respectively, and then calculate the single fruit weight by weighted calculation of the two types of integer carpel numbers.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: When the single fruit weight of the fruit with a specific number of carpels and a specific number of fertile locules is missing in the observed data obtained in Step 1, use the observed data to establish a linear regression equation to estimate the missing single fruit weight.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the number of carpels of the fruit set in Step 2 is greater than the number of carpels observed in Step 1, use the observed data in Step 1 to establish a linear regression equation to estimate the single fruit weight of the fruit with different numbers of fertile locules for the set number of carpels.

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