Totally enclosed intelligent substation primary system

Abstract

A primary system of a fully-enclosed intelligent substation cancels all building areas irrelevant to power transmission and transformation, removes secondary equipment of the substation, has no personnel and vehicle access channel and cancels all power supply systems, and only contains primary equipment which is encapsulated by GIS gas, and all parts needing contact with secondary equipment are contacted by wireless contact. After all building areas irrelevant to power transmission and transformation in the substation are canceled, secondary systems are removed from the substation and power supply systems are canceled, and after the primary system left in the substation is compressed in space by GIS technology again, the land occupation of the substation is greatly compressed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a substation in the field of electric power, in particular to a primary system of a smart substation. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is a basic fact widely accepted by today's society that "the economy needs to develop, and electricity needs to go first". However, with the continuous development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for electricity in the whole society is getting bigger and bigger, accompanied by the tension of land supply, which makes the construction of power grid more and more difficult, and the problems of land acquisition, compensation for farmers' seedlings and other issues of the substation are becoming more and more prominent, causing the situation of planning difficulty in landing and landing difficulty in promoting. However, the economic development of the country and the daily life of the people urgently need the construction of electric power to keep up with the development of the times, so a problem is raised - how to reduce the land occupation on a large scale on the basis of the existing substation. If the land occupation of the substation can be reduced on a large scale, the electric power industry can better serve the national economy and social development.

[0003] The existing substation, especially the smart station, although each secondary device has its own CPU, only solves the calculation problem of the device, and the function is too simple. So many CPUs are concentrated in a substation, which does not improve the intelligent level of the substation at all, but only repeats the accumulation of simple CPU functions. Therefore, the existing smart station does not have its own CPU (i.e. brain), and is not a truly intelligent station.

[0004] As shown in Figure 24 The existing smart substation is provided with a capacitor 1', a main transformer 2', a 10kV or 35kV switch room 4', a secondary device room 4', 110kV or 220kV or 500kV or 1000kV electrical primary equipment 5', and an internal road 6'.

[0005] In combination Figure 24 The shortcomings of the existing smart station are summarized as follows:

[0006] 1. In the existing substation, there are not only various electrical primary equipment 5' for power transmission and transformation, but also internal roads 6' for personnel and vehicle access, safety tool rooms and other building areas that have no direct relationship with power transmission and transformation. Among them, the secondary device room 4' also occupies a considerable building area. In addition, there are building areas such as AC / DC room and battery room required by the power system. These all increase the land occupation required by the substation.

[0007] 2, Now the secondary equipment in the substation, according to the outgoing line interval configuration, either concentrated group screen, placed together, separately occupies a not small secondary equipment room 4', or with electrical primary equipment 5', scattered on each outgoing switch cabinet. No matter which kind of configuration, there is the same function of the protection of the repeated configuration problem, not to mention the double configuration problem. In this way, even without the problem of double configuration, only the protection configuration side, resulting in a lot of equipment waste and land waste.

[0008] 3, In the existing substation technology, although the microcomputer protection is configured, it has its own CPU, but its function is very simple, which can only meet the needs of the corresponding function of the interval switch. The CPU of all microcomputer protections in a substation is concentrated together, which is only the accumulation of many simple function CPUs, and cannot form a powerful CPU that can command all secondary equipment in the station.

[0009] 4, In the prior art, the acquisition and input of switch quantity are connected with the protection device through wired mode (control cable or optical cable). Referring to Figure 1 , the input principle diagram of the existing switch quantity is shown in Figure 1 , DL and GWK are position switches of circuit breakers and various disconnectors, which are connected with the secondary equipment (1n) through wired mode. Figure 1

[0010] 5, In the existing substation technology, in order to ensure the normal work of the operating mechanism and the protection device of all switches in the station, the power supply system also needs to obtain AC and DC power supply. This increases the investment and the land area of the substation. Moreover, the conventional lead-acid storage battery also pollutes the environment. The general connection of the power supply system is shown in Figure 2 . SUMMARY

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to further reduce the land area of the primary system of the power system.

[0012] The present application solves the above technical problem by the following technical means: a primary system of a fully enclosed intelligent substation, which cancels all building areas (including secondary equipment rooms) irrelevant to the power transmission and transformation process, no longer considers the entry and exit of personnel and vehicles, and cancels the power supply system, and only contains primary equipment. On this basis, the remaining primary equipment is further packaged by GIS gas to further compress the land area of the substation. The secondary equipment of the substation is removed.

[0013] The present application has the following advantages:

[0014] 1, cancel all building areas irrelevant to the power transmission and transformation in the existing substation, and no longer consider the entry and exit of personnel and vehicles;​

[0015] 2. Cancel the existing power system, the application will use the unique "one-to-many" integrated control technology of all secondary systems in the station to carry out large-scale high integration, compress the number of various secondary equipment in the original substation on a large scale, and remove it from the existing substation to further reduce the floor space of the substation. Because the building area in the existing substation is cancelled and the personnel activities in the substation are limited, the power system required in the original substation is not required in the application, but the necessary power is still required, only the power capacity has been greatly reduced, and the traditional power system with battery and AC / DC system is no longer needed. In the new substation, only the opening and closing mechanism of the switch, the cooling system of the transformer and the related transducer need power, so only one power line with sufficient capacity is needed, and at most two power lines are considered as backup;

[0016] 3. After canceling all building areas in the substation that are not directly related to power transmission and transformation, removing the secondary system from the substation, and canceling the power system, the floor area of the substation is greatly compressed after using GIS technology to further compress the space of the remaining primary system in the substation.

[0017] 4. The primary system and the secondary system of the substation are separated at a long distance and the data is transmitted wirelessly. Under the existing substation technical conditions, the primary system and the secondary system are arranged in the substation, and the primary system is arranged in the substation, and the secondary system is separated from the substation and can be placed far away from the substation. The communication mode between the primary system and the secondary system is changed from the wired communication mode under the existing technical conditions to the wireless wide area network communication mode. In this way, the floor area of the substation is further reduced.

[0018] 5. The secondary system adopts a "three-bus" structure mode. A CPU is used to command the work of all secondary systems in the station, and the intelligent level of the secondary system of the existing substation is greatly improved. From the perspective of safe operation of the power grid, the application recommends the use of domestic CPUs such as Loongson CPU products. Since domestic CPUs are used, network "hackers" can be prevented from invading and damaging the communication network of the substation, and the safe and reliable operation of the power grid can be more effectively ensured. However, this does not mean that the use of other types of CPUs will have essential technical differences with the application. Regardless of the type of CPU used, the technical route is consistent with the application.

[0019] Since the "current and voltage module", "switching quantity module", "non-electric quantity module", "multi-loop starting module" and other new modules of the application are all connected to the "three-bus", the data between the modules and the CPU is processed using DMA mode, which speeds up the data processing speed. At the same time, other data processing methods are compatible. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is the existing input schematic diagram for digital signals;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the electrical system used in the existing technology;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the full-station protection configuration of the prefabricated intelligent substation in this invention;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the amplification principle of the current module, voltage module, and non-electrical parameter module in the diagram;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the amplification principle of the digital input / output module in the diagram;

[0025] Figure 6 This is an overall connection diagram of the various modules of the prefabricated intelligent substation in this invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is an overall pin connection diagram of the various modules of the prefabricated intelligent substation in this invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a connection principle diagram of the multi-loop start-up module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external pinout of the multi-loop startup module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a connection principle diagram of the multi-circuit tripping module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the external pinout of the multi-circuit tripping module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 An enlarged view of the AND and OR gate connections related to loop 1 in the diagram;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the tripping execution circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a connection principle diagram of the multi-circuit reclosing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the external pinout of the multi-circuit reclosing module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 16 is Figure 14 is an enlarged view of the or gate connection relationship in circuit 1 in

[0036] Figure 17 is a connection principle diagram of the multi-circuit closing module of the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 18 is an appearance pin diagram of the multi-circuit closing module of the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 19 is Figure 17 is an enlarged view of the and gate and or gate connection relationship related to circuit 1 in

[0039] Figure 20 is a closing execution circuit principle diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 21 is a connection principle diagram of the multi-circuit timing counter of the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 22 is a connection principle diagram of the single timing counting unit of the embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 23 is an appearance pin diagram of the multi-circuit timing counter of the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 24 is a typical plane layout of the existing intelligent substation;

[0044] Figure 25 is a connection diagram of the existing primary system to the secondary protection device;

[0045] Figure 26 is a substation wireless sensor network (SAS) diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0047] Embodiment one

[0048] The embodiment provides an integrated mode of the assembled intelligent substation, which places all of the substation (including the transformer) in an SF6 gas tank, cancels the secondary equipment room, the safety tool room and other building spaces in the original substation which have no direct relationship with power transmission and transformation, and compresses the floor area of the switch cabinet in the switch room and the area of other passages in the substation (the SF6 gas tank does not consider any form of human activity space, the distance between electrical equipment, and further compression through SF6 gas).

[0049] The transformer cooler and the transformer body are separated, the transformer body is placed together with other electrical equipment in the substation in the sealed tank filled with SF6 gas. The cooler of the transformer is divided into an inner cooler and an outer cooler, the inner cooler is placed in the SF6 gas tank, the outer cooler is placed outside the SF6 gas tank, the inner cooler and the outer cooler are communicated with the transformer body and between the inner cooler and the outer cooler, and an automatic control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the inner cooler and the outer cooler, so that the switching of the inner cooler and the outer cooler can be realized. The outer cooler of the transformer is arranged outside the SF6 gas tank, the radiator is in contact with the atmosphere, and the inner cooler is arranged in the SF6 gas tank and is not in contact with the atmosphere. When the external air temperature is low, the outer radiator is used for heat dissipation; when the external air temperature is high, the inner radiator is used, the air conditioner is arranged in the tank, the indoor temperature can be automatically adjusted according to the room temperature, and the transformer is used for heat dissipation. The adjustment of the indoor temperature and the switching between the inner cooler and the outer cooler are automatically completed.

[0050] The electrical part of the substation and the body part of the transformer are combined together through SF6 technology as much as possible, the floor area of the substation is reduced as much as possible, and thus the new substation with small floor area is formed. The appearance of the substation looks like the current transformer. After the GIS technology is used, the floor area of the substation will be greatly compressed.

[0051] The whole substation is constructed according to the assembly requirement, only the installation of primary equipment is considered, and the space is compressed as much as possible, and any personnel access is not considered. The substation maintenance work is implemented in the whole station maintenance mode. That is, for the maintenance work of a substation, only a new substation of the same scale is needed to replace the original substation, and the power-off time is very short. The replaced substation is taken back to the workshop for maintenance. In this way, various accidents caused by various violations in the prior art can also be avoided. For some large substations, the volume after the whole station is closed is still too large, and the large substation can be divided into several small intervals and then assembled. During maintenance, the small interval to be maintained can be replaced and maintained, and it is no longer necessary to replace and maintain the whole station. In addition, SF6 gas is filled between each live part of each electrical equipment, the safety distance between each live part is further compressed, the distance between all live parts is compressed to the minimum, and finally the whole substation is packaged as a whole GIS. After the whole packaging, a general small and medium-sized substation is a whole substation with a GIS hard packaging shell, which looks a little like a transformer.

[0052] Example two

[0053] Reference Figure 3As shown, the prefabricated intelligent substation of this invention divides all secondary equipment into the following functional modules: current module 1, voltage module 2, non-electrical parameter module 3, switching quantity module 4, multi-circuit start module 5, multi-circuit tripping module 6, multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and multi-circuit closing module 8. Each module is connected to the system bus 10 via a multi-channel analog switch 9. Each module is integrated into multiple circuits. For parts of the secondary system that need to communicate with the primary system, a wide-area wireless network is used. Of course, as is common knowledge to those skilled in the art, wide-area wireless networks take many forms, such as GPRS wireless communication, or CDMA, infrasound communication, neutrino communication, and 5G networks. For example, current module 1 and voltage module 2 need to communicate with the instrument transformers of the primary equipment. Existing technology uses control cables or optical fibers to connect them via wired connections. This invention uses wireless communication modules (GPRS wireless communication modules are used as an example in this text, the same applies below). Wireless communication modules are installed within current module 1 and voltage module 2, and also within the instrument transformers, communicating via a wireless network. Similarly, switch quantity module 4 needs to communicate with the switching mechanism. Existing technology uses wired connections, while this invention also uses wireless connections. Furthermore, the multi-circuit tripping module 6, multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and multi-circuit closing module 8 are connected to the switch tripping and closing mechanism using wired connections, while this invention uses wireless connections. In other words, each part of the secondary equipment in this prefabricated intelligent substation is equipped with a wireless communication module. In order to adapt to various wireless network forms, this invention uses a "multi-network converged" gateway structure. For details, please refer to: Sun Peng, Sun Lijuan, Huang Junjie, et al., "Design of Wireless Sensor Network Gateway with Multi-Network Convergence" [J] Network Security Technology and Application, 2012, (8): 8-10.

[0054] See also Figure 4 , 5 As shown, current module 1, voltage module 2, non-electrical parameter module 3, digital quantity module 4, multi-circuit start module 5, multi-circuit trip module 6, multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and multi-circuit closing module 8 are connected to the computer's system bus 10 via a multi-channel analog switch 9 as peripherals of the computer. Current module 1 and voltage module 2 integrate the current and voltage of the entire station, with a slightly larger reserved number of modules than the total current and voltage required for transmission. Non-electrical parameter module 3 integrates the non-electrical parameters of the entire station, such as temperature, frequency, angle, and gas parameters. Digital quantity module 4 integrates all digital quantities required for transmission in the entire station, with a certain number of spare quantities. Multi-circuit start module 5 has a slightly larger number of current input circuits than the total number of lines in the entire station.

[0055] The following detailed principle description, the present application takes the overcurrent protection and instantaneous trip protection of the simplest current module 1 as an example to illustrate, the protection types of other types of principles, such as the protection types of voltage module 2, parameter module 3, switch value module 4, the most basic element calculated is current voltage, and the protection type of voltage module 2 is basically the same as current module 1, if other types of protection are encountered, the current voltage collected is calculated according to the requirements of the protection principle to obtain the results required by the type protection.

[0056] The intelligent substation system adopts DMA data transmission mode, and the CPU is connected with the system bus 10. After obtaining the permission of the CPU, the system transmits data directly between the memory and the peripheral device under the command of DMA, and each peripheral device obtains current value, protection action information, opening and closing position information of the switch and other information from the system bus 10. The peripheral device can include but is not limited to the following types in addition to the above-mentioned secondary devices: memory, display, printer, serial port, floppy disk, hard disk, wired communication module, controller.

[0057] Meanwhile referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the overall working principle of the assembled intelligent substation of the present application is as follows:

[0058] After the multi-circuit starting module 5 obtains the current from the current module 1 through the multi-way analog switch 9, fault analysis and judgment can be carried out. If the multi-circuit starting module 5 judges that there is a fault, overcurrent trip or instantaneous trip signals are directly sent to the multi-circuit tripping module 6, and the multi-circuit tripping module 6 judges which circuits have faults, and finally completes the tripping action through the wireless sensor according to the protection action of each line. The action signal of the protection and the position signal of the switch are sent to the multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 starts reclosing according to the set starting condition. According to the technical requirements of the present application, the reclosing in the present application has the characteristic of “no refusal to the newcomer”, that is, no matter how many lines have tripped due to faults, and no matter how short the interval time between two faults is, as long as the starting condition is met, the reclosing will start immediately, and the outlet is closed. The reclosing outlet is directly connected with the multi-circuit closing module 8. In the multi-circuit closing module 8, the state of all circuits before closing is checked, and only the switch which is tripped by protection and is in the tripped state and has been tripped by protection not more than once within the specified time range can be reclosed successfully by the reclosing. For other conditions, the switch will not be reclosed.

[0059] The above process is a process of switch from protection starting to tripping to reclosing starting to closing in the substation, and is not the whole process of the substation. Through the system building of the assembled intelligent substation of the application, the running program of the CPU considers more relevant regulations and specifications of the substation operation and artificial intelligence and the like in addition to the process of switch from protection starting to tripping to reclosing starting to closing, so that the automation level and the intelligent level of the new substation are more advanced, more reliable and higher than those of all the existing intelligent stations, and are not just the accumulation of many simple function CPUs.

[0060] Since the protection principles of various substations are realized through software, the primary and secondary basic structures of the substations are the same, and the difference lies in the protection principles. The application can realize the same basic framework of the substation of any voltage level and the protection principle, especially the same framework of the secondary part, and the difference is that the running program in the CPU can be set according to different situations, which lays a technical foundation for the standardization and customization of the substation.

[0061] The specific introduction of each part of the assembled intelligent substation is as follows.

[0062] 1, current module 2, voltage module 3, non-electric parameter module 4, switch quantity module 9, multi-channel analog switch 10, system bus

[0063] The current module 1 and the voltage module 2 are responsible for receiving the current and voltage values from the primary system. In the prior art, the primary device and the secondary device are connected through a wired mode, and the wired mode needs to leave a certain building space for the secondary device in the substation, which increases the floor area of the substation. Therefore, the application adopts a wireless mode to transmit the current on the secondary side of the mutual inductor to the device of the application.

[0064] The role of the traditional current transformer is to change the large current of the primary side into small current of the secondary side. In the prior art, the secondary side measurement output end is directly connected to the current coil of the related secondary equipment through a wired mode, but in the present application, the secondary side measurement output end of the current sensor is directly connected to the GPRS module (the present application takes the GPRS network as an example to illustrate the problem, and does not exclude other forms of wide area networks, such as CDMA and 5G network forms, the present application adopts a multi-network fusion gateway design, which can be compatible with other forms of wide area networks.), and the current is transmitted to the receiving end of the present application through the GPRS network. The SIM card is used to confirm which line and which phase of the current is transmitted. The same GPRS module is also correspondingly configured at the receiving end. In this way, the current of the system can be accurately and correctly transmitted to the receiving end. When the transmitted current is input into the GPRS module, the GPRS module performs wireless communication. At the receiving end, since the number of currents required to be transmitted in the entire substation is large, multiple GPRS modules are integrated together to form a current module 1. The received current is led out by the GPRS module, and since the number of currents required to be transmitted in the entire station is large, it is impossible to directly connect each current to the system bus 10, so all the currents are connected to the multi-channel analog switch 9, and the multi-channel analog switch 9 is connected to the system bus 10.

[0065] The role of the traditional voltage sensor is to change the high voltage of the primary side into low voltage of the secondary side. The existing technology is to connect the voltage on the secondary side resistor Rm of the voltage sensor to the voltage coil of the secondary equipment through a wired mode. The present application is to directly connect the voltage on the secondary side resistor Rm of the voltage sensor to the GPRS module, and the GPRS module performs wireless communication. The situation at the receiving end is the same as that at the current receiving end.

[0066] At the same time, there are also some non-electrical quantities that need to be transmitted in the substation, such as temperature, pressure, frequency, and gas physical quantities, and corresponding sensors (such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, etc.) are used. Similarly, the above method is used to form a non-electric quantity parameter module 3 to realize wireless transmission of non-electric quantities.

[0067] The existing external switching quantity is introduced into the computer as shown in Figure 1 , that is, the external switching quantity is connected to the input / output interface (I / O interface, PA0 in Figure 1 ) of the computer through photoelectric coupling and wired mode; in the present application, PA0 in Figure 1 is removed, and a GPRS module is connected to the output end of the optical coupling. In the receiving end, multiple GPRS modules are integrated together to form a switching quantity module 4. The outlets of these GPRS modules are connected to the computer bus 10 through the multi-channel analog switch 9, so as to realize wireless transmission of the switching quantity.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 4 andFigure 5 In the embodiment, the GPRS module MC35i is arranged in the current module 1, the voltage module 2, the non-electric quantity parameter module 3 and the switching quantity module 4, and a plurality of SIM card slots corresponding to different loops are arranged, the SIM cards of different loops in the plurality of SIM card slots are respectively connected to the GPRS module, and the SIM cards of different loops are respectively connected to the multi-channel analog switch 9, wherein the multi-channel analog switch 9 of each module is separate, or the multi-channel analog switch 9 of each module can be aggregated to one multi-channel analog switch 9, and the GPRS module and the multi-channel analog switch 9 are connected to the system bus 10.

[0069] The multi-channel analog switch 9 can adopt a multi-channel analog switch with a model number of TP0164, which can access 64 signals at the same time. The TP0164 is a multi-channel analog switch chip with a function of selecting one from 64, which can select an input signal as an output from 64 input pins. The function can be a bidirectional analog output (input) or a unidirectional digital output signal. The multi-channel analog switch has low on-resistance, and the on-resistance remains relatively stable in the entire input signal range. The analog switch mainly completes the signal switching function in the signal link. The MOS tube switching mode realizes the closing or opening of the signal link, and since the function is similar to that of a switch, the analog switch is realized by using the characteristics of an analog device.

[0070] The system bus 10 includes an address bus, a data bus and a control bus.

[0071] The following is described by taking overcurrent protection and instantaneous trip protection as examples, and the principle is similar when other signals such as voltage signals and frequency signals are judged.

[0072] II. Multi-loop starting module 5

[0073] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 It is shown that the multi-loop starting module 5 of the embodiment of the application is connected with the system bus 10 through the multi-channel analog switch 9, and the input of the multi-loop starting module 5 is provided with current input by the system bus 10 through the multi-channel analog switch 9.

[0074] The multi-loop starting module 5 includes a multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52, a multi-loop instantaneous trip discrimination unit 53 and a plurality of action signal generators, wherein the plurality of action signal generators include an instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 and an overcurrent action signal generator 542.

[0075] The input of the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52 is provided with current input by the system bus 10 through the multi-channel analog switch 9. A plurality of overcurrent discrimination loops are integrated in the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52, Figure 8The several overcurrent discrimination circuits in the multi-circuit overcurrent discrimination unit 52 are the first overcurrent discrimination circuit, the second overcurrent discrimination circuit, the nth overcurrent discrimination circuit from left to right, and the number of the overcurrent discrimination circuits is consistent with the number of the current circuits input from the multi-way analog switch 9.

[0076] The discrimination principle of the overcurrent discrimination circuit is that there is a preset overcurrent setting value suitable for the circuit in each overcurrent discrimination circuit, and all the currents input into the overcurrent discrimination circuit are compared with the overcurrent setting value, if the input current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent setting value set for the circuit, the next stage multi-circuit quick-break discrimination unit 53 is entered for quick-break action discrimination, if the input current is less than the overcurrent setting value set for the circuit, it is indicated that the circuit is normal, and thus the multi-circuit quick-break discrimination unit 53 is not entered, but the input end of the multi-circuit overcurrent discrimination unit 52 is returned to for re-measurement.

[0077] The multi-circuit quick-break discrimination unit 53 integrates several quick-break discrimination circuits 531, Figure 8 The several quick-break discrimination circuits 531 in the multi-circuit quick-break discrimination unit 52 are the first quick-break discrimination circuit, the second quick-break discrimination circuit, the nth quick-break discrimination circuit from left to right, and the number of the quick-break discrimination circuits 531 is consistent with the number of the overcurrent discrimination circuits in the multi-circuit overcurrent discrimination unit 52, and the input end of each quick-break discrimination circuit 531 is connected with the output end of an overcurrent discrimination circuit, for example, the input end of the first quick-break discrimination circuit is connected with the output end of the first overcurrent discrimination circuit, the input end of the second quick-break discrimination circuit is connected with the output end of the second overcurrent discrimination circuit, and the input end of the nth quick-break discrimination circuit is connected with the output end of the nth overcurrent discrimination circuit.

[0078] The discrimination principle of the quick-break discrimination circuit 531 is that there is a preset quick-break current setting value suitable for the circuit in each quick-break discrimination circuit 531, and all the currents input into the quick-break discrimination circuit 531 are compared with the quick-break current setting value, if the input current is greater than or equal to the quick-break current setting value set for the circuit, it is indicated that there is a fault in the near end of the circuit, and the fault needs to be quickly removed, thus the next stage quick-break action signal generator 541 is started, the quick-break action signal generator 541 sends a quick-break action signal and a quick-break tripping pulse at the same time, if the input current is less than the quick-break current setting value set for the circuit, it is indicated that there is no fault in the near end of the circuit, and there is a fault in the far end of the circuit or there is no fault in the circuit, and only the current is increased within a certain time, thus the next stage overcurrent action signal generator 542 and the timing device are entered, if the overcurrent phenomenon disappears within the set time range, no action and tripping are performed, and if the overcurrent phenomenon still exists within the set time range, it is indicated that there is a fault in the far end of the circuit, and the fault needs to be removed, thus the overcurrent action signal generator 542 is started, an overcurrent action signal and an overcurrent tripping pulse are sent at the same time.

[0079] The input end of each quick-break action signal generator 541 is connected to the first output end of the corresponding quick-break discrimination circuit 531, the first output end of each quick-break action signal generator 541 outputs a quick-break action signal, and the second output end of all quick-break action signal generators 541 is simultaneously connected to the input end of a first OR gate, the output end of the first OR gate outputs a quick-break trip signal, and is connected to the quick-break trip bus of the multi-circuit breaking module 6.

[0080] The input end of each over-current action signal generator 542 is connected to the second output end of the corresponding quick-break discrimination circuit 531, the first output end of each over-current action signal generator 542 outputs an over-current action signal, and the second output end of all over-current action signal generators 542 is respectively connected to a timing device 561, the output end of all timing devices 561 is simultaneously connected to the input end of a second OR gate, the output end of the second OR gate outputs an over-current trip signal, and is connected to the over-current trip bus of the multi-circuit breaking module 6. All timing devices 561 are connected to the corresponding output end of a timing counting module, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The timing counting module is described later.

[0081] When the quick-break discrimination circuit 531 performs quick-break discrimination, if the quick-break discrimination condition is met, the quick-break action signal generator 541 of the corresponding circuit is started from the multi-circuit quick-break discrimination unit 53, the quick-break action signal generator 541 sends a quick-break action signal, all of which enter the first OR gate, all lines meeting the quick-break trip condition are summarized, the first OR gate outlet is connected to the quick-break trip bus of the multi-circuit breaking module 6 to prepare for tripping, the first output end of the quick-break action signal generator 541 sends a quick-break action signal to the multi-circuit breaking module 6 and the multi-circuit closing module 7 at the same time, and the electrical operator is warned to handle the fault in time; if the quick-break discrimination condition is not met, the over-current action signal generator 542 of the corresponding circuit is started, the first output end of the over-current action signal generator 542 sends an over-current action signal for use by other circuits, and the electrical operator is warned to handle the fault in time, the over-current trip signal output by the second output end of the over-current action signal generator 542 is sent to the OR gate after passing through the timing device 561, all lines meeting the over-current trip condition are summarized, the output end of the timing device 561 is simultaneously connected to the second OR gate, and the second OR gate outlet is connected to the over-current trip bus of the multi-circuit breaking module 6 to prepare for tripping.

[0082] Generally, the quick-break discriminative current I1 is much greater than the over-current discriminative current I3, so the over-current action condition is not necessarily met when the quick-break action condition is met, but the quick-break action condition is necessarily met when the over-current action condition is met. However, the quick-break action time is short, and the over-current action time is long, so the quick-break acts first. The function of the timing device 561 is that if the fault is removed, the over-current does not act, and if the fault is not removed within the over-current time, the over-current acts again.

[0083] The over-current action time of the timing device 561 is introduced by the OUT2 outlet of the 8254 chip in the multi-loop counter and the timer 20 (at this time, the three CLK and GATE of the 8254 chip need to be connected together, so that the OUT2 has an output). All over-current protection outlets pass through a second OR gate to form an over-current outlet connected to the over-current trip bus in the multi-loop tripping module 6; all quick-break protection outlets pass through a first OR gate to form a quick-break outlet connected to the quick-break trip bus in the multi-loop tripping module 6. After the over-current protection or quick-break protection of each line acts, an n-loop over-current protection action or n-loop quick-break protection action signal is sent to the multi-loop tripping module 6 and the multi-loop reclosing module 7, respectively, as one of the tripping bases or one of the reclosing start conditions.

[0084] With the above technical solution, no matter which loop starts over-current or quick-break, a corresponding action signal is sent. No matter how many loops have faults at the same time, the faults can be reflected in the multi-loop start module 5 at the first time, and then over-current and quick-break discrimination is performed according to the discrimination conditions. The loop that meets the over-current but not the quick-break starts over-current protection, and the loop that meets the quick-break discrimination condition starts quick-break protection. For the loop without any fault, the measurement is returned to continue.

[0085] The application realizes the function of starting the same protection loop for multiple primary loops at the same time, which can save a lot of repeatedly configured protection devices. The protection principle can be calculated according to the existing protection principle. For example, for current protection, the currents of the loops are introduced, and then compared and judged. If the comparison result is less than the protection setting value, no trip outlet is tripped, and the measurement is continued. If the current value is greater than the over-current protection setting value, the quick-break protection is judged. If the current value is less than the quick-break protection action setting value, the over-current protection is tripped after a set time. If the current value is greater than the quick-break protection action setting value, the quick-break protection is immediately tripped. If it is impedance protection, the formula is used for calculation. If it is power protection, the formula is used for calculation. If it is high-frequency principle protection, the frequency signal needs to be introduced into the discrimination process, and the discrimination condition is appropriately modified, etc. Among them, the power factor angle The frequency f and the like are provided by the non-electric quantity module. In summary, for the protection of different principles, only the relevant judgment method needs to be modified, and no substantial modification is needed for the hardware structure of the starting system. Thus, the repeated connection wires are greatly reduced, and the floor area of the power equipment is reduced.

[0086] III. Multi-circuit opening module 6

[0087] Referring to FIG. 6, the multi-circuit opening module 6 in the embodiment of the present application includes an over-current tripping bus 601, a short-circuit tripping bus 602, a plurality of first AND gates 603, a third OR gate 604, and an opening GPRS unit 605. Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Referring to FIG. 6, the multi-circuit opening module 6 in the embodiment of the present application includes an over-current tripping bus 601, a short-circuit tripping bus 602, a plurality of first AND gates 603, a third OR gate 604, and an opening GPRS unit 605.

[0088] Referring to FIG. 6, the multi-circuit opening module 6 in the embodiment of the present application includes an over-current tripping bus 601, a short-circuit tripping bus 602, a plurality of first AND gates 603, a third OR gate 604, and an opening GPRS unit 605. Figure 12 Referring to FIG. 6, the multi-circuit opening module 6 in the embodiment of the present application includes an over-current tripping bus 601, a short-circuit tripping bus 602, a plurality of first AND gates 603, a third OR gate 604, and an opening GPRS unit 605.

[0089] When the over-current action signal generator 542 of the multi-circuit starting module 5 sends an over-current action signal to the first input end of the first AND gate 603 of the corresponding circuit of the multi-circuit opening module 6, when the over-current protection outlet of the multi-circuit starting module 5 sends an over-current tripping instruction to the over-current tripping bus 601, and then to the second input end of the first AND gate 603, in principle, all the switches can be tripped at this time, but which switches are tripped depends on whether the tripping condition of each line is met, that is, the third input end of the first AND gate 603 obtains the switch position signal of the switch that needs to be closed from the multi-way analog switch 9.

[0090] ​​When the trip action signal generator 541 of the multi-circuit starting module 5 sends out the trip action signal, it is sent to the first input end of the first AND gate 603 of the corresponding circuit. When the trip protection outlet of the multi-circuit starting module 5 sends out the trip command, the trip command is sent to the trip bus 602, and then to the second input end of the first AND gate 603. At this time, in principle, all switches can be tripped, but which switches are tripped depends on whether each line has the trip condition, i.e. the third input end of the first AND gate 603 obtains the switch position signal of the switch to be closed from the multi-way analog switch 9.

[0091] The tripping GPRS unit 605 is integrated with the GPRS module corresponding to each switch, and the output end of the third OR gate 604 of each circuit is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding switch circuit. The tripping GPRS unit 605 is wirelessly connected to the GPRS module in the tripping execution circuit through the GPRS module, thereby controlling the tripping of the switch. Figure 13 The tripping GPRS unit 605 is integrated with the GPRS module corresponding to each switch, and the output end of the third OR gate 604 of each circuit is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding switch circuit. The tripping GPRS unit 605 is wirelessly connected to the GPRS module in the tripping execution circuit through the GPRS module, thereby controlling the tripping of the switch. Figure 13 The switch tripping mechanism with wireless communication function used in the present application is different from the switch tripping mechanism in the prior art in that a GPRS module is added, thereby eliminating the need for the existing wired connection mode, saving a large amount of cable and cable arrangement space. The switch tripping mechanism is together with the switch body, and in the present application, it is in the GIS sealed tank. The connection mode of the tripping mechanism and the secondary system is wired connection in the prior art, and is wireless connection in the present application.

[0092] Taking circuit 1 as an example, i.e. Figure 10The leftmost loop in the middle, one of the first AND gate 603 has three input terminals and an output terminal: the first input terminal is connected to the multi-loop starting module 5 over-current action signal generator 542, the second input terminal is connected to the over-current trip bus 601, and the third input terminal is connected to the loop 1 output terminal of the multi-channel analog switch 9. Another first AND gate 603 has three input terminals and an output terminal: the first input terminal is connected to the multi-loop starting module 5 instantaneous trip action signal generator 541, the second input terminal is connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602, and the third input terminal is connected to the loop 1 output terminal of the multi-channel analog switch 9. When the multi-loop starting module 5 loop 1 over-current action signal generator 542 sends an over-current action signal to the first input terminal of one of the first AND gates 603, when the multi-loop starting module 5 loop 1 over-current protection outlet, the over-current trip command is sent to the over-current trip bus 601, and then to the second input terminal of the first AND gate 603, when the multi-loop starting module 5 loop 1 instantaneous trip action signal generator sends an instantaneous trip action signal to the first input terminal of the other first AND gate 603, when the multi-loop starting module 5 loop 1 instantaneous trip protection outlet, the instantaneous trip command is sent to the instantaneous trip bus 602, and then to the second input terminal of the first AND gate 603, and the third input terminal of the two first AND gates 603 obtains the closing position signal of the No. 1 switch from the multi-channel analog switch 9. The output terminals of the two first AND gates 603 are connected to the input terminals of the third OR gate 604, and the output terminal of the third OR gate 604 is connected to the No. 1 switch GPRS module of the GPRS unit 605.

[0093] Each line is provided with over-current protection action and the closing position of the switch and the over-current (or instantaneous trip) action signal of the switch, which constitutes a logic AND gate; the instantaneous trip protection action and the closing position of the switch and the instantaneous trip action signal of the switch, which constitutes another logic AND gate, the outlets of the two AND gates and the manual tripping outlet together constitute a logic OR gate, and the outlet of the OR gate is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding switch. Through the wireless network and the GPRS module in the switch mechanism, the tripping process is completed. The sending and receiving of over-current and instantaneous trip protection action signals and the sending and receiving of switch position signals are connected through internal buses.

[0094] In order to prevent mis-tripping, i.e. to prevent tripping the switch which has been tripped again and to prevent mis-tripping the switch which is in normal operation, therefore, before tripping, the running state of all switches connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602 and the over-current trip bus 601 needs to be checked and distinguished, to ensure that only the switch which has sent the protection action signal and is still in operation (i.e. the switch is in the closed state) is disconnected, and other switches are not tripped. Therefore, according to the type of the tripping protection (over-current protection and instantaneous protection), each switch is provided with two AND gates connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602 and the over-current trip bus 601 respectively. The first AND gate 603 connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602 is connected to the instantaneous trip and the instantaneous action signal of each switch and the closed position signal of the switch. The first AND gate 603 connected to the over-current trip bus 601 is connected to the over-current trip and the over-current action signal of each switch and the closed position signal of the switch. Since the working characteristic of the AND gate is that all conditions of the AND gate must be met before the AND gate can be turned on, the AND gate which constitutes the tripping condition must meet the three conditions of any one AND gate to have the tripping condition, otherwise, the tripping condition is not met if any one condition is missing. Only the switch which has sent the protection action signal and is in the closed position can be tripped, and other switches either do not have the protection action signal or the switch is already in the open position, so the AND gate cannot be turned on, and therefore the switch will not be tripped.

[0095] As an optimized scheme, the third OR gate 604 is also connected to a manual tripping mechanism. When the first AND gate 603 has the condition to be turned on, the outlet of the first AND gate 603 is connected to the third OR gate 604, and the other input condition of the third OR gate is manual tripping. According to the characteristics of the OR gate, only one of the two conditions of protection tripping and manual tripping is met, and the OR gate can be turned on.

[0096] The technical scheme of the multi-loop tripping module cancels the existing one switch configuration one tripping control loop. After the over-current protection or the instantaneous protection starts the outlet tripping, the tripping signal is directly sent to the over-current trip bus and the instantaneous trip bus in the multi-loop tripping module. The two buses are connected to all switches in the station which need to be tripped (the outlet circuits connected to the two buses are completely the same), i.e. after the tripping signal reaches the tripping bus, theoretically, all switches in the station can be tripped, but which switches to trip and which switches not to trip still need to be determined by the specific running state of each switch. The wiring and material waste are greatly reduced, and the occupation of the substation is further reduced. In addition, the tripping circuit in the switch mechanism is started through the wireless network to realize the remote wireless tripping process, a large amount of control cable and optical cable is saved, and there is no need to specially build a secondary cable trench, which greatly reduces the waste of land.

[0097] Four, multi-loop reclosing module 7

[0098] In the prior art, in order to improve the power supply reliability, reclosing is installed on all line switches for supplying power to users. The installation principle is that no reclosing is installed on main transformer switches, capacitor switches and the like, because according to the experience of power grid operation, once these devices fail, it is a permanent failure, and if reclosing is performed, only the failure range is expanded, and there is no benefit for timely and accurate removal of the failure, but only harm.

[0099] The existing reclosing is performed by using the charging and discharging principle of a capacitor C. In normal operation, the capacitor C in the reclosing is fully charged, and when a failure occurs, the protection trips the switch and starts the reclosing. The reclosing uses the electric quantity in the capacitor C to send a reclosing pulse to realize reclosing operation. When the switch is tripped again, because the electric quantity in the capacitor C is not fully charged within a specified time range, the reclosing condition is not met, and therefore the existing reclosing can only act once within the specified time range.

[0100] The starting mode of the existing reclosing is: (a) non-corresponding starting; and (b) protection starting. The non-corresponding starting means that after the switch is tripped by the protection, the switch is in the tripped position, and the operating handle of the switch is in the closed position, which means that the actual position of the switch does not correspond to the position of the operating handle, indicating that the switch is tripped by the protection and not tripped by manual operation, which is a fault tripping. The reclosing should act once, and if the switch is tripped again by the protection, it means that the line failure still exists, and the reclosing should not act again. If the switch is not tripped again by the protection after reclosing, it means that the failure disappears, and the reclosing is successful. The protection starting mode means that the switch is tripped by the protection, and this is one of the technical conditions for starting the reclosing. The present application adopts the protection starting mode.

[0101] The conditions for the existing reclosing are: (I) protection action; and (II) the switch is in the tripped position. Other constraint conditions are that the reclosing can only act once within a specified time range. This is because during the tripping process of the switch, the extinguishing of the electric arc needs a certain time, and after the electric arc is extinguished, the recovery of the arc extinguishing medium also needs a certain time. Therefore, the reclosing time must avoid the time for extinguishing the arc of the switch and recovering the medium. The reclosing is performed once because if the switch is tripped again after reclosing, it means that the failure still exists, and it is unnecessary to perform reclosing multiple times. The reclosing can only be performed on the switch in the tripped position, and cannot be performed on the switch in the closed position.

[0102] The related points of the reclosing in the present application are: 1. multi-circuit reclosing starting circuit; 2. new reclosing not limited by time interval and action times; 3. the multi-circuit reclosing starting and outlet module are composed of OR gate 1, OR gate 2, AND gate and protection action bus; and 4. the new reclosing is composed of AND gate and OR gate.

[0103] Please refer to the accompanying drawingsFigure 14 、 Figure 15 、 Figure 16 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, each circuit of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 comprises a fourth OR gate 72, a branch node 74, a protection action bus 76 connecting the fourth OR gates 72 of all circuits, a reclosing 78 connected to the protection action bus 76, and a fifth OR gate 79 connected to an input of the reclosing 78. The fifth OR gate 79 is connected to the start / lock reclosing outputs of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20.

[0104] The "quick break action" and "over current action" from each circuit of the multi-circuit start module 5 are connected to the fourth OR gate 72 of the respective circuit of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7. According to the characteristics of the OR gate, there will be an output no matter whether the over current or the quick break has an action signal input. Thus, the "quick break protection" and "over current protection" two protection action signals are combined into one "protection action". The output of the fourth OR gate 72 is divided into two branches by a branch node 74. One branch is connected to the protection action bus 76 as one of the start conditions of the reclosing 78, and the other branch is connected to the multi-circuit reclosing module 8 and the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 for counting and controlling the number of breakings of the circuit breaker. The "quick break protection" and "over current protection" signals of each circuit are provided by the multi-circuit start module 5, and the breaking position information of each circuit breaker is provided by the multi-circuit breaking module 6 through each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20. The start / lock reclosing outputs of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 are connected to the reclosing 78 through the fifth OR gate 79. The reclosing 78 has a reclosing action output connected to the multi-circuit reclosing module 8.

[0105] The input of the reclosing 78 of the present application is from two signals: the protection action signal from the protection action bus 76 and the start / lock reclosing signal from the start / lock reclosing outputs of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20. The protection action signal has been introduced above, and the start / lock reclosing signal will be introduced in detail below when the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 is introduced.

[0106] It needs to be explained here that the reclosing under the prior art condition is based on the capacitor C charging and discharging to complete the reclosing pulse emission, and also solves the technical requirement that the reclosing can only act once within a specified time range. The present application and the prior art reclosing technology are essentially different in principle and technology. The multi-loop reclosing module 7 does not need a capacitor C. The multi-loop reclosing module 7 actually uses the starting logic of the existing reclosing to make a series of logical judgments, and finally starts the reclosing mechanism in the switch mechanism to reclose. Therefore, whether in principle or in structure, the multi-loop reclosing module 7 of the present application and the reclosing of the prior art are greatly different. It can be said that they are not the same at all, but the functions are the same.

[0107] The opening position signals of all lines that need to be reclosed are connected to the input end of the fifth OR gate 79 after passing through the multi-loop counter and the timer 20. In this way, no matter how many switches are tripped at the same time, the reclosing 78 can be started. Even if there is a time difference in time for these tripped switches, no matter how small the time difference is, the reclosing 78 can be started.

[0108] Five, multi-loop reclosing module 8

[0109] At the same time, referring to Figure 17 , 18 , 19, the multi-loop reclosing module 8 in the present application includes a reclosing action bus 82, a second AND gate 84, a sixth OR gate 86, and a reclosing GPRS module 88.

[0110] The reclosing action outlet of the multi-loop reclosing module 7 is connected to the reclosing action bus 82 of the multi-loop reclosing module 8. The reclosing action bus 82 is connected to all switch control loops that need to be reclosed. In principle, all switches on the reclosing action bus 82 can be reclosed. The switch control loop includes the second AND gate 84, the sixth OR gate 86, and the reclosing GPRS module 88.

[0111] According to the technical requirements of the power industry, relevant regulations and specifications and the requirements of operation experience, all switches that need to be reclosed must be tripped by the protection device, and the switch is already in the open position. At the same time, the number of protection tripping within the specified time range for the switch that is preparing to reclose cannot be greater than 1. Thus, we will combine the protection action signal, the open position of the switch, the blocking switch closing signal and the reclosing outlet to form the input conditions of the second AND gate 84 of the switch closing. The blocking switch closing signal comes from the multi-loop counter and timer 20, which will be described in detail later. Without any of the above four conditions, the switch will not close. The protection action signal and the reclosing outlet come from the multi-loop reclosing module 7, the open position of the switch comes from the multi-way analog switch 9, and the blocking switch closing signal comes from the multi-loop counter and timer 20. The four input terminals of the second AND gate 84 are connected to the output terminal of the fourth OR gate 72 of the multi-loop reclosing module, the output terminal of the multi-way analog switch 9, the output terminal of the multi-loop counter and timer 20, and the reclosing action bus 82, respectively.

[0112] The output terminal of the second AND gate 84 is connected to the sixth OR gate 86, and the other input terminal of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the manual closing. This part is not involved in this time, but the interface is reserved.

[0113] The outlet of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the closing GPRS module 88. The closing GPRS module 88 and the switch closing mechanism are in wireless communication contact through the GPRS network to complete the closing operation. Figure 20 The switch closing mechanism with wireless communication function used in the present application is different from the switch closing mechanism in the prior art in that a GPRS module is added, so that the existing wired connection mode is not needed, and a large amount of cable and cable arrangement space is saved. The switch closing mechanism is together with the switch body, which is in the GIS closed tank in the present application.

[0114] Taking loop 1 as an example, that is, Figure 17 the leftmost loop in Figure 19 , and referring to Figure 17The enlarged schematic diagram of A in the figure, wherein the second AND gate 84 has four input ends and one output end: the first input end is connected to the output end of the fourth OR gate in the circuit 1 of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7, inputting the circuit 1 protection action signal, the second input end is connected to the 1# switch opening position outlet of the multi-way analog switch 9, inputting the 1# switch opening position signal, the third input end is connected to the 1# switch closing outlet of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20, inputting the 1# switch closing signal, and the fourth input end is connected to the reclosing action bus 82, inputting the reclosing outlet signal. The output end of the second AND gate 84 is connected to the sixth OR gate 86 of the circuit 1, another input end of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the manual closing of the circuit 1, and the output end of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the 1# switch GPRS module of the closing GPRS module 88.

[0115] The technical scheme of the multi-circuit closing module 8 cancels the existing one closing switch configuration one closing control circuit, the reclosing action outlet of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 is connected to the reclosing action bus 82 of the multi-circuit closing module 8, all switch control circuits that need to be reclosed are connected to the reclosing action bus 82, and in principle, all switches on the reclosing action bus 82 can be closed. However, which switches to close and which switches not to close still need to be determined by the specific operation state of each switch, and the second AND gate 84 is used to determine which switch to close. This greatly reduces the wiring and material waste, further reduces the land occupation of the substation; in addition, the closing circuit in the switch mechanism is started through the wireless network to realize the remote wireless closing process, a large amount of control cable and optical cable is saved, a special secondary cable trench does not need to be built, and the land waste is greatly reduced.

[0116] Six, multi-circuit counter and timer 20

[0117] At the same time, referring to Figure 21The multi-circuit counter and timer 20 of the present application is provided with a timing counting device for each circuit. Each timing counting device comprises a third AND gate 201, a timing counting unit 202, a NAND gate 203, a seventh OR gate 204, and a clock chip 8284A. The first input end of the third AND gate 201 is connected to the output end of the fourth OR gate 72 of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 for inputting the circuit protection signal, and the second input end is connected to the multi-way analog switch 9 for inputting the switch opening position signal. The output end of the third AND gate 201 is connected to the timing counting unit 202. The timing counting unit 202 has four output ends: the first and second output ends are connected to the two input ends of the NAND gate 203; the third output end is connected to the first input end of the seventh OR gate 204, and the output end of the NAND gate 203 is connected to the second input end of the seventh OR gate 204 and one of the input ends of the second AND gate 84 of the multi-circuit closing module 8 for providing the lock switch closing signal; the output end of the seventh OR gate 204 is connected to the input end of the fifth OR gate 79 of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 for providing the start / lock reclosing signal; and the fourth output end is connected to the timing device 561 of the multi-circuit starting module 5 for providing the overcurrent action time signal of the timing device 561.

[0118] Figure 22 The enlarged view of the timing counting unit 202 is shown. The timing counting unit 202 comprises a timing counting chip 8254 and a logic judging chip. The clock of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 is provided by the clock chip 8284A. The PCLK end of the clock chip 8284A is connected to the external clock interface, and the CLK end is connected to the CPU. The PCLK end of the clock chip 8284A of the present application is led to form an external clock bus. The CLK0 and CLK1 of the timing counting chip 8254 of each timing counting device are connected to the external clock bus, wherein the CLK0 is used for counting, and the CLK1 is used for timing. The counting start time is controlled by the GATE0 of the timing counting chip 8254, and the timing start time is controlled by the GATE1 of the timing counting chip 8254. In the present application, the GATE0 and GATE1 of the timing counting chip 8254 are combined and connected to the output end of the third AND gate 201. Thus, the start time of the timing and counting is determined by the accident opening and closing of the switch. According to the format of the control register of the timing counting chip 8254, the D7 and D6 bits are the selection bits of the counter, wherein 00 is the counter 0, and 01 is the counter 1. This can be realized by software programming.

[0119] The output OUT0 of the counter 0 is connected to a logic judging chip for judging whether the number of times of the switch accident tripping is greater than 1. If the result is no, the signal is inputted into the first input port of the seventh OR gate 204 as the switch position signal for starting the reclosing. If the result is yes, the signal is inputted into the first input port of the NAND gate 203 as the switch position signal for locking the reclosing. The output OUT1 of the timer CLK1 of the timing counter chip 8254 is connected to the second input port of the NAND gate 203. The output of the NAND gate 203 is connected to the second input port of the seventh OR gate 204 and one of the input ports of the second AND gate 84 of the multi-circuit breaker module 8.

[0120] Since the same switch cannot have both yes and no results at the same time for judging whether the number of times of the switch accident tripping is greater than 1, only one of yes and no can pass through the OR gate at the same time for the seventh OR gate 204, so that no logical confusion can occur. The other branch of the yes result and the output OUT1 of the timer CLK1 together form the input of the NAND gate 203. The output of the NAND gate 203 is branched into two branches. One branch and the no output of the counter 0 together form the two inputs of the seventh OR gate 204. The other branch is used for locking the switch. Within the specified time range, the output OUT1 of the timer CLK1 outputs a high level, and the yes output is also a high level. Thus, after passing through the NAND gate 203, the output becomes a low level. The output of the NAND gate 203 is introduced into the reclosing circuit of the switch, so that the reclosing function is locked. That is, after the switch is tripped more than once within the specified time range, the reclosing 78 cannot successfully reclose the switch. However, when the specified time is exceeded, the output OUT1 of the timer CLK1 becomes a low level, and the output of the NAND gate 203 becomes a high level, so that the reclosing of the switch is unlocked, and the reclosing 78 can reclose the switch.

[0121] The reclosing circuit 78 is used to close the switch, so it must be ensured that the standby switch is indeed in the open position before closing. Closing a switch that is in the closed position is absolutely prohibited. Therefore, when one input of the reclosing circuit 78 has a protection action signal input, a switch quantity reflecting the open position of the switch must be introduced from the switch quantity module 4. The open position information and protection action information of the same switch together form an input of the third AND gate 201. When the input of the third AND gate 201 simultaneously meets the input conditions, it indicates that the open state of the switch is due to a protection trip, not manual opening, and reclosing should be initiated. If it is a manual trip, since there is no protection action signal, the third AND gate 201 will not conduct, and reclosing will not be initiated. After the third AND gate 201 is turned on, its output is connected to a timing counter unit 202, which determines whether the number of times the switch has tripped is greater than or equal to 1. (Since both the timing counter chip 8254 and the logic judgment chip are after the third AND gate 201, the counter number in the timing counter chip 8254 represents the number of times the protection trips, and cannot include the number of times the switch was manually tripped.) When the counter number in the timing counter chip 8254 is less than 1, it means that the switch has not been tripped by the protection within the specified time range, and it can pass. The output of the logic judgment chip is connected to the seventh OR gate 204, and the output of the seventh OR gate 204 is connected to the other input terminal of the reclosing gate 78 through the fifth OR gate 79. In this way, the other condition for starting the reclosing gate 78—the open position signal of the switch—is input into the reclosing gate 78. At this point, both conditions required to start the reclosing gate 78 are met.

[0122] Further explanation in general:

[0123] The current and voltage in the current module (1) and voltage module (2), as well as various non-electrical parameters in the non-electrical parameter module (3) and various switching quantities in the switching quantity module (4), are all received via a wide area wireless network from [unclear - likely a network name]. Figure 26 The signal.

[0124] The tripping signal sent by the multi-circuit tripping module (6) and the closing signal sent by the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) are sent to... Figure 26 The corresponding switching unit in the middle, through Figure 13 and Figure 20 The circuit eventually completes the switch opening and closing operations. Figure 13 and Figure 20 The circuit shown is in Figure 26 In the middle, and Figure 13 and Figure 20 and Figure 26 All the primary equipment and other components are encapsulated inside a sealed GIS container. Figure 26 It is the initial sender of all module information in the "three-bus" structure of this invention, and also the final executor of the calculation results of each module in the "three-bus" structure, such as the opening and closing operation.

[0125] Further description: Figure 26 is Figure 24 a wireless sensor network (SAS) diagram. Figure 24 All electrical primary equipment in the substation is arranged in it. In order to be able to measure, control and protect the electrical primary equipment, we need to transform the high voltage and large current of the primary system into low voltage and small current input into the corresponding secondary equipment. The prior art is to input the transformed low voltage and small current into the corresponding secondary equipment by wired mode. Figure 26 A data transmission network based on the SAS system is given, which transmits the relevant current, voltage, switching value and non-electric quantity information in the substation, and is a kind of wireless network.

[0126] In Figure 26 , ECT and EVT are digital current transformers and digital voltage transformers respectively, which are responsible for transforming the large current and high voltage of the primary system of the substation into small current and low voltage that can be accepted by the secondary system, and outputting in digital form, ECT and EVT are in Figure 24 . Figure 26 The switching value input and output unit in Figure 26 and the non-electric quantity part not marked are in Figure 24 . Figure 26 The merging unit and other components in Figure 24 are also in Figure 24 . is Figure 26 the basis, Figure 26 a wireless sensor network (SAS) is built on the basis of Figure 24 , which is used to wirelessly transmit various electrical quantities and non-electrical quantities in Figure 24 . Among them Figure 24 , the primary equipment contains various switching devices, and the opening and closing operations of these switching devices are carried out by using Figure 13 and Figure 20 . Figure 13 and Figure 20 are closely related to the primary switching device itself. Therefore Figure 26 the SAS network shown naturally contains the related content of Figure 13 and Figure 20 , otherwise the opening and closing operations cannot be carried out. Figure 26 The SAS system shown is a form of the secondary system, which is a secondary system realized in the form of wireless communication. The invention moves the secondary system out of the substation and does not include the opening and closing mechanism shown in Figure 13 and Figure 20 , Figure 13 and Figure 20 are still in Figure 24The substation shown is sealed in a GIS tank. Figure 26 The SAS network shown contains Figure 13 and Figure 20 related content.

[0127] The present application will use the unique "one-to-many" integrated control technology of the present application to highly integrate all secondary systems in the whole station, greatly compress the number of various secondary devices in the original substation, and remove them from the existing substation, further reducing the floor space of the substation. Since the building area in the existing substation is cancelled and the personnel activities in the substation are limited, the power supply system required in the original substation is also not required in the present application, but the necessary power supply is still required, only the power capacity has been greatly reduced, and the traditional power supply system with battery and AC / DC system is no longer needed. In the new substation, only the opening and closing mechanism of the switch, the cooling system of the transformer, and the related transducer need power supply, so only one power supply line with sufficient capacity is needed, and at most two power supply lines are considered as backup.

[0128] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A fully-enclosed primary system of a smart substation, characterized in that: Cancel all building area irrelevant to power transmission process, remove secondary equipment of substation, cancel access channel for personnel and vehicles and used power system, only contain primary equipment, which is encapsulated by GIS gas, for part needing contact with secondary equipment, all adopt wireless contact, secondary equipment matched with primary equipment is divided into current module (1), voltage module (2), non-electric quantity parameter module (3), switching quantity module (4), multi-loop starting module (5), multi-loop tripping module (6), multi-loop reclosing module (7) and multi-loop closing module (8), each module is connected with system bus (10) through multi-path analog switch (9), and each module is integrated with multi-loop, wherein, current module (1) and voltage module (2) integrate current and voltage of whole station, non-electric quantity parameter module (3) integrates non-electric quantity parameter of whole station, and switching quantity module (4) integrates all switching quantities needing to be transmitted of whole station; After multi-loop starting module (5) obtains current from current module (1) through multi-path analog switch (9), fault analysis and judgment are carried out, if multi-loop starting module (5) judges that fault exists, over-current trip or instantaneous trip signal is directly sent to multi-loop tripping module (6), multi-loop tripping module (6) judges which loop appears fault, and according to protection action condition of each line, tripping action is completed through wireless sensor, action signal of protection and position signal of switch are sent to multi-loop reclosing module (7), multi-loop reclosing module (7) starts reclosing according to set starting condition, and outlet of reclosing is directly connected with multi-loop closing module (8), in multi-loop closing module (8), state check before closing of all loops is carried out, only the switch, which is protected tripping, is in tripped state and the number of times of protected tripping in the specified time range is not more than one, can be reclosed successfully, and for other switches, which have the conditions, but the number of times of protected tripping in the specified time range is more than one, will not be reclosed.

2. The fully-enclosed primary system of the smart substation of claim 1, wherein: Wireless communication module is arranged in current module (1), voltage module (2), non-electric quantity parameter module (3) and switching quantity module (4), and a plurality of SIM card slots corresponding to different loops are arranged, SIM cards of different loops in the plurality of SIM card slots are connected to the wireless communication module respectively, and the SIM cards of different loops are connected to the multi-path analog switch (9) respectively, wherein, each module has a separate multi-path analog switch (9), or the multi-path analog switches (9) of each module are gathered on one multi-path analog switch (9), and the wireless communication module and the multi-path analog switch (9) are connected to the system bus (10).

3. The fully enclosed primary system of the smart substation of claim 1, wherein: The multi-path analog switch (9) is a TP0164 multi-path analog switch.

4. The fully-enclosed primary system of the smart substation of claim 1, wherein: The transformer cooler and the transformer body in the primary equipment are separated, the transformer body is placed together with other electrical equipment of the transformer substation in a closed tank filled with SF6 gas, the transformer cooler is divided into an inner cooler and an outer cooler, the inner cooler is placed in the SF6 gas tank, the outer cooler is placed outside the SF6 gas tank, the inner cooler and the outer cooler are communicated with the transformer body, and the inner cooler and the outer cooler are communicated with each other, a control valve is arranged on a pipeline between the inner cooler and the outer cooler, and the control valve can switch the inner cooler and the outer cooler.

5. The fully enclosed primary system of the smart substation of claim 1, wherein: The primary equipment is divided into several small intervals and then assembled.

6. The fully-enclosed primary system of the smart substation of claim 1, wherein: SF6 gas is filled between each live part of each electrical equipment of the primary equipment, and the entire transformer substation is integrally packaged as GIS; or the entire station is divided into several parts, and each part is packaged as GIS and then assembled.

7. The fully-enclosed primary system of the smart substation of claim 1, wherein: The multi-loop starting module (5) comprises a multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit (52), a multi-loop instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53), and a plurality of action signal generators, wherein the plurality of action signal generators comprises an instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) and an overcurrent action signal generator (542), the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit (52) is integrated with a plurality of overcurrent discrimination loops, the number of the overcurrent discrimination loops is consistent with the number of current loops input from the multi-way analog switch (9), the multi-loop instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53) is integrated with a plurality of instantaneous trip discrimination loops (531), the number of the instantaneous trip discrimination loops (531) is consistent with the number of the overcurrent discrimination loops in the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit (52), the input end of each instantaneous trip discrimination loop (531) is connected to the output end of an overcurrent discrimination loop, the input end of each instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) is connected to the first output end of a corresponding instantaneous trip discrimination loop (531), the first output end of each instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) outputs an instantaneous trip action signal, the second output end of all instantaneous trip action signal generators (541) is simultaneously connected to the input end of a first OR gate, the output end of the first OR gate outputs an instantaneous trip tripping signal, the input end of each overcurrent action signal generator (542) is connected to the second output end of a corresponding instantaneous trip discrimination loop (531), the first output end of each overcurrent action signal generator (542) outputs an overcurrent action signal, and the second output end of all overcurrent action signal generators (542) is respectively connected to a timing device (561), the output end of all timing devices (561) is simultaneously connected to the input end of a second OR gate, and the output end of the second OR gate outputs an overcurrent tripping signal.

8. The fully-enclosed primary system of the smart substation of claim 7, wherein: The discrimination principle of the overcurrent discrimination circuit is that each overcurrent discrimination circuit has a preset overcurrent setting value suitable for the circuit, all the currents entering the overcurrent discrimination circuit are compared with the overcurrent setting value, if the input current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent setting value of the circuit, the next multi-circuit quick-break discrimination unit (53) is entered to discriminate the quick-break action; if the input current is less than the overcurrent setting value of the circuit, the circuit is normal, so the multi-circuit quick-break discrimination unit (53) is not entered, but the input end of the multi-circuit overcurrent discrimination unit (52) is returned to re-measure; The discrimination principle of the quick-break discrimination circuit (531) is that each quick-break discrimination circuit (531) has a preset quick-break current setting value suitable for the circuit, all the currents entering the quick-break discrimination circuit (531) are compared with the quick-break current setting value, if the input current is greater than or equal to the quick-break current setting value of the circuit, the next quick-break action signal generator (541) is started, the quick-break action signal generator (541) sends a quick-break action signal and a quick-break tripping pulse at the same time; if the input current is less than the quick-break current setting value of the circuit, the next overcurrent action signal generator (542) and timing device are entered, if the overcurrent phenomenon disappears within the set time range, no action and tripping are performed, if the overcurrent phenomenon still exists within the set time range, the overcurrent action signal generator (542) is started, an overcurrent action signal and an overcurrent tripping pulse are sent at the same time.

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