Servo AC Bidirectional Five-Axis Swivel Head

Abstract

The present invention discloses a servo AC bidirectional five-axis swing head, which includes a ram end seat, a swing head support assembly, and an electric spindle. A C-axis assembly is rotatably installed in the central hole of the ram end seat, and a pair of C-axis drive motors are arranged at the upper end of the ram end seat. Each C-axis drive motor simultaneously drives the C-axis assembly to rotate through a corresponding C-axis gear transmission mechanism; the upper end of the swing head support assembly is butt-jointed and fixed to the lower end of the C-axis assembly. A pair of A-axis drive motors are installed inside the swing head support assembly, and an electric spindle support is also rotatably installed at the lower end inside the swing head support assembly. An electric spindle for installing a milling cutter is fixedly installed in the electric spindle support; each A-axis drive motor simultaneously drives the electric spindle support to rotate through a corresponding A-axis gear transmission mechanism. The structure of the present invention is reasonably designed, while ensuring the driving accuracy of the swing angle, it has a large driving torque, good running dynamic performance, and relatively fast swing speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the swing head of numerical control machine tools, specifically a servo AC two-way five-axis swing head. Background Art

[0002] The existing five-axis linkage is based on three linear coordinate movements, plus two angular coordinate movements. It can coordinate the movements simultaneously under the control of a computer numerical control system to achieve the five-axis relative linkage between the milling machine and the parts to be machined, so that the cutting edge part of the tool head always moves along the tangent direction of the surface to be machined, enabling the surface machining to reach an ideal cutting state and realizing the machining of parts at any angle.

[0003] For example, the Chinese utility model patent (authorization publication number: CN215919701U, authorization publication date: March 1, 2022) discloses an AC five-axis linkage double swing head. In this solution, the axis of the C-axis servo motor is set at an angle with the center line of the C-axis main body seat, achieving the effect of realizing the five-axis linkage connection machining of the swing head without tool lifting. However, in this solution, the rotation of the C-axis is realized by the cooperation of the C-axis servo motor, the C-axis coupling, and the C-axis reduction gearbox. Among them, the C-axis reduction gearbox is usually a gear reduction gearbox. Since the gears are driven by meshing, there is a certain transmission gap in the entire transmission mechanism, which will lead to insufficient angular positioning accuracy of the C-axis rotation and poor rotary dynamic performance.

[0004] To solve the above problems, in the prior art, some AC five-axis linkage double swing heads use direct drive motors for driving. Its advantages are: fast running speed, no transmission mechanism, high driving and swinging accuracy, and can be used in high-speed cutting and fine machining occasions with small loads. Its disadvantages are: relatively small driving torque, generally the maximum driving can only reach 400N - 600N. After the angle is adjusted, the direct drive motor needs to lock the swing head, which is prone to continuous heating and will reduce the overall service life. In addition, the way of driving the swing head by a direct drive motor has relatively high requirements for the moment of inertia. When the milling head is heavy or the center of rotation of the milling head is inconsistent with its center of inertia, it is very likely that the rotation of the milling head cannot be driven.

[0005] There is also a five-axis swing head driven by a traditional method. This five-axis swing head is driven by a double-lead worm and worm gear. Its transmission torque is large. However, this transmission method also has a large tooth gap, slow running speed, and relatively poor running accuracy and dynamic performance.

[0006] Therefore, how to propose a five-axis swing head that has a large driving torque while ensuring the driving accuracy of the swing angle, has good running dynamic performance, and relatively fast swing speed has become a technical problem to be solved in this application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a servo AC two-way five-axis swing head to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. The operating speed, dynamic performance and accuracy of the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head of the present application are close to those of the direct drive motor type swing head, and the operating torque is close to that of the worm and worm gear type swing head. It is a double swing head integrating the advantages of the traditional two products, with extremely high performance; and the overall structure is reasonably designed and the maintenance cost is lower.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The servo AC two-way five-axis swing head includes a ram end seat, a swing head support assembly and an electric spindle. A C-axis assembly is rotatably installed in the central hole of the ram end seat. A pair of C-axis drive motors are arranged at the upper end of the ram end seat. Each C-axis drive motor drives the C-axis assembly to rotate simultaneously through a corresponding C-axis gear transmission mechanism.

[0010] The upper end of the swing head support assembly is butt-jointed and fixed to the lower end of the C-axis assembly. A pair of A-axis drive motors are installed inside the swing head support assembly. An electric spindle support is also rotatably installed at the lower end inside the swing head support assembly. An electric spindle for installing a milling cutter is fixedly installed in the electric spindle support. Each A-axis drive motor drives the electric spindle support to rotate simultaneously through a corresponding A-axis gear transmission mechanism.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the C-axis assembly includes a C-axis. A C-axis sleeve is fixedly sleeved at the lower end of the C-axis. The C-axis sleeve is rotationally and cooperatively connected with the central hole of the ram end seat through a C-axis slip ring fixed on the outer ring. A C-axis driven gear is fixedly sleeved at the upper end of the C-axis sleeve.

[0012] The C-axis gear transmission mechanism includes a C-axis gear transmission installed and fixed on the upper end face of the ram end seat. The input end of the C-axis gear transmission is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the C-axis drive motor. A C-axis driving gear is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the C-axis gear transmission. Both C-axis driving gears are synchronously meshed with the C-axis driven gear.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, it further includes a C-axis band brake assembly. The C-axis band brake assembly includes a C-axis band sleeve installed at the central hole of the ram end seat. The C-axis band sleeve is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis sleeve, and the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis band sleeve is attached to the circumferential inner wall of the central hole of the ram end seat. A C-axis brake oil cavity is opened on the circumferential inner wall of the central hole of the ram end seat.

[0014] When hydraulic oil is introduced into the C-axis brake oil cavity, the hydraulic oil squeezes the C-axis band sleeve, so that the C-axis band sleeve tightly holds the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis sleeve.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the swing head support assembly includes an L-shaped swing head support inner seat. The horizontal part of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat is butt-jointed and fixed to the lower end of the C-axis. An end swing arm seat is also butt-jointed and fixed to the end face of the free end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat. An end outer wall cover plate is fixedly attached to the outer side wall of the end swing arm seat. A swing arm seat outer wall cover plate is fixedly attached to the side wall of the vertical part of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat away from the end swing arm seat.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention, a support shaft sleeve is fixedly installed at one end of the motorized spindle support. A support rotating slip ring is fixedly installed at the other end of the motorized spindle support. The support rotating slip ring is rotatably fitted and installed in a rotating hole at the lower end of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat;

[0017] The support shaft sleeve is rotatably fitted and installed in a shaft hole at the lower end of the end swing arm seat. The outer end of the support shaft sleeve passes through the end swing arm seat and is sleeved and fixed with an A-axis driven gear;

[0018] A gear transmission cavity is provided between the end swing arm seat and the end outer wall cover plate. The A-axis gear transmission mechanism includes at least one intermediate transmission gear rotatably fitted and installed in the gear transmission cavity;

[0019] The A-axis drive motor is limitedly installed between the L-shaped swing head support inner seat and the end swing arm seat. The output shaft of the A-axis drive motor passes through the end swing arm seat and is sleeved and fixed with an A-axis driving gear. The A-axis driving gear is meshed and connected with the corresponding intermediate transmission gear. The two lower intermediate transmission gears are both synchronously meshed and connected with the A-axis driven gear.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, it further includes an A-axis hoop brake assembly. The A-axis hoop brake assembly includes an A-axis hoop sleeve installed at the rotating hole at the lower end of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat;

[0021] An end cover ring is also fixedly installed on the outer end face of the support rotating slip ring. The A-axis hoop sleeve is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the end cover ring, and the circumferential outer wall of the A-axis hoop sleeve is in contact with the circumferential inner wall of the rotating hole at the lower end of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat. An A-axis brake oil cavity is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the rotating hole at the lower end of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat;

[0022] When hydraulic oil is introduced into the A-axis brake oil cavity, the hydraulic oil presses the A-axis hoop sleeve, so that the A-axis hoop sleeve tightly holds the circumferential outer wall of the end cover ring.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention, the intermediate transmission gear is specifically divided into an intermediate transmission gear one and an intermediate transmission gear two that are meshed with each other. The intermediate transmission gear one is meshed and connected with the A-axis driving gear. A face gear is also provided on the end face of the intermediate transmission gear two. The two face gears on both sides are both synchronously meshed and connected with the A-axis driven gear.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, it further includes a felt gear one and a felt gear two rotatably and fittingly installed inside the gear transmission cavity. The felt gear one is meshed and connected with the A-axis driving gear; the felt gear two is meshed and connected with the A-axis driven gear.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention, it further includes an anti-falling braking mechanism. The anti-falling braking mechanism includes a valve core part and a spring. A stepped groove is provided on the inner side wall of the outer wall cover plate of the swing arm seat. A limit retaining ring is installed at the stepped groove, and an oil cavity groove is provided at the center of the end face of the stepped groove;

[0026] The piston part of the valve core part is slidably fitted in the oil cavity groove. A spring groove is provided at the end face of the piston part of the valve core part. One end of the spring abuts in the spring groove, and the other end is in abutting connection with the end face of the oil cavity groove; the abutting column part of the valve core part passes through the limit retaining ring, and a protruding ring part for cooperating with the abutting column part is further provided on the outer end face of the end cover ring;

[0027] When hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil cavity groove, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston part of the valve core part, and the piston part of the valve core part pushes the spring, causing the spring to contract and also causing the abutting column part of the valve core part to disengage from the protruding ring part of the end cover ring;

[0028] When the hydraulic oil in the oil cavity groove is drained, under the action of the contraction elastic force of the spring, the abutting column part of the valve core part presses against the protruding ring part of the end cover ring.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. In the present invention, the rotation of the C-axis assembly and the swing of the electric spindle are both driven by two motors. One motor serves as the main power output motor, applying a positive torque to drive the rotation of the C-axis assembly or the swing of the electric spindle; while the other motor serves as a backlash elimination motor, applying a relatively small braking torque to ensure that the entire gear transmission mechanism forms a backlash elimination closed loop, realizing the function of eliminating transmission clearance, and can effectively ensure the rotation accuracy of circumferential rotation; with two-motor drive, a driving torque can be available in the middle section of the rotation process;

[0031] 2. The swing head support assembly is assembled by an outer wall cover plate of the swing arm seat, an L-shaped swing head support inner seat, an end swing arm seat, and an end outer wall cover plate, and can cooperate to assemble components such as an A-axis drive motor, an A-axis gear transmission mechanism, an electric spindle support, and an electric spindle. The structural design is compact and reasonable, and the overall occupied space is small;

[0032] 3. The two rotating ends of the electric spindle support are effectively supported by the L-shaped swing head support inner seat and the end swing arm seat. Compared with the cantilever rotating installation method in the prior art, the concentricity of rotation is better, and the running dynamic performance of rotary swing is better;

[0033] 4. The circumferential rotation angle of the motorized spindle can be locked and positioned by the C-axis clamp-type brake assembly; the swing angle of the motorized spindle in the vertical plane direction can be locked and positioned by the A-axis clamp-type brake assembly.

[0034] 5. When the hydraulic electromagnetic control valve is powered off due to equipment operation failure, the anti-falling brake mechanism can be automatically triggered, effectively locking the motorized spindle support and preventing the milling cutter installed on the motorized spindle from falling and colliding. Description of the Drawings

[0035] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head;

[0037] Figure 3 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head;

[0038] Figure 4 It is for the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the S-S section in it;

[0039] Figure 5 It is for the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the upper half in it;

[0040] Figure 6 It is for the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the right half in it;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head after hiding the outer wall cover of the swing arm seat;

[0042] Figure 8 It is for the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the M-M section in it;

[0043] Figure 9 It is for the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the T-T section in it;

[0044] Figure 10 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head after hiding the outer wall cover at the end;

[0045] Figure 11 It is for the servo AC two-way five-axis swing head Figure 10 The structural schematic diagram of the R-R section in it.

[0046] In the figure: 1 - ram end seat, 11 - C-axis, 12 - C-axis bushing, 13 - C-axis slip ring, 14 - C-axis driven gear, 15 - C-axis clamp sleeve, 16 - C-axis brake oil chamber;

[0047] 2 - shaft drive motor, 21 - C-axis gear transmission, 22 - C-axis driving gear, 3 - inner seat of L-shaped swing head bracket, 31 - outer wall cover plate of swing arm seat, 32 - end swing arm seat, 33 - end outer wall cover plate, 34 - centering shaft, 35 - A-axis brake oil chamber, 36 - oil chamber groove, 4 - electric spindle, 41 - electric spindle support, 42 - support rotating bushing, 43 - support rotating slip ring, 44 - end cover ring, 45 - protruding ring part, 46 - A-axis clamp sleeve, 47 - driven gear;

[0048] 5 - A-axis drive motor, 51 - A-axis driving gear, 52 - felt gear one, 53 - intermediate transmission gear one, 54 - intermediate transmission gear two, 55 - end face pinion, 56 - felt gear two, 6 - valve core part, 61 - spring, 62 - limit retaining ring. Specific implementation manner

[0049] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a servo AC bidirectional five-axis swing head, including a ram end seat 1, a swing head bracket assembly, and an electric spindle 4. A C-axis assembly is rotatably installed in the central hole of the ram end seat 1. A pair of C-axis drive motors 2 are provided at the upper end of the ram end seat 1. Each C-axis drive motor 2 simultaneously drives the C-axis assembly to rotate through a corresponding C-axis gear transmission mechanism;

[0051] The upper end of the swing head bracket assembly is butt-joined and fixed to the lower end of the C-axis assembly. A pair of A-axis drive motors 5 are installed inside the swing head bracket assembly. An electric spindle support 41 is also rotatably installed at the lower end inside the swing head bracket assembly. An electric spindle 4 for installing a milling cutter is fixedly installed in the electric spindle support 41. Each A-axis drive motor 5 simultaneously drives the electric spindle support 41 to rotate through a corresponding A-axis gear transmission mechanism.

[0052] Among them, as a specific solution, the C-axis assembly includes a C-axis 11. A C-axis bushing 12 is sleeved and fixed at the lower end of the C-axis 11. The C-axis bushing 12 is rotationally and cooperatively connected with the central hole of the ram end seat 1 through a C-axis slip ring 13 fixed to the outer ring. A C-axis driven gear 14 is sleeved and fixed at the upper end of the C-axis bushing 12;

[0053] The C-axis gear transmission mechanism includes a C-axis gear transmission 21 fixedly installed on the upper end face of the ram end seat 1. The input end of the C-axis gear transmission 21 is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the C-axis driving motor 2. A C-axis driving gear 22 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the C-axis gear transmission 21. Both C-axis driving gears 22 are synchronously meshed and connected with the C-axis driven gear 14.

[0054] The working principle of the present invention for driving the electric spindle 4 to rotate circumferentially in the horizontal plane is as follows: The C-axis driving motor 2 drives the C-axis driving gear 22 to rotate through the C-axis gear transmission 21. The C-axis driving gear 22 can drive the C-axis driven gear 14 and the C-axis 11 to rotate, thereby performing circumferential angle adjustment on the swing head support assembly and the electric spindle 4.

[0055] During specific operation, one of the C-axis driving motors 2 serves as the main power output motor, applying a positive torque to drive the swing head support assembly and the electric spindle 4 to rotate circumferentially; while the other C-axis driving motor 2 can serve as a backlash elimination motor, applying a relatively small braking torque to ensure that the entire C-axis gear transmission mechanism forms a backlash elimination closed loop, realizing the function of eliminating transmission clearance, and effectively ensuring the rotational accuracy of circumferential rotation.

[0056] Among them, as a specific solution, the swing head support assembly includes an L-shaped swing head support inner seat 3. The horizontal part of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat 3 is butt-jointed and fixed to the lower end of the C-axis 11. The free end face of the horizontal part of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat 3 is also butt-jointed and fixed with an end swing arm seat 32. An end outer wall cover plate 33 is fixedly attached to the outer side wall of the end swing arm seat 32. A swing arm seat outer wall cover plate 31 is fixedly attached to the side wall of the vertical part of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat 3 away from the end swing arm seat 32.

[0057] One end of the electric spindle support 41 is fixedly installed with a support rotating shaft sleeve 42, and the other end of the electric spindle support 41 is fixedly installed with a support rotating slip ring 43. The support rotating slip ring 43 is rotatably fitted and installed in the rotating hole at the lower end of the L-shaped swing head support inner seat 3;

[0058] The support rotating shaft sleeve 42 is rotatably fitted and installed in the rotating shaft hole at the lower end of the end swing arm seat 32. The outer end of the support rotating shaft sleeve 42 passes through the end swing arm seat 32 and is fixedly sleeved with an A-axis driven gear 47. Further, in order to improve the concentricity of the rotation of the electric spindle support 41, a centering shaft 34 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the end outer wall cover plate 33, and the support rotating shaft sleeve 42 is rotatably sleeved on the centering shaft 34.

[0059] A gear transmission cavity is provided between the end swing arm seat 32 and the end outer wall cover plate 33. The A-axis gear transmission mechanism includes at least one intermediate transmission gear rotatably fitted and installed in the gear transmission cavity;

[0060] The A-axis drive motor 5 is limit-mounted between the inner seat 3 of the L-shaped swing head bracket and the end swing arm seat 32. The output shaft of the A-axis drive motor 5 passes through the end swing arm seat 32, and an A-axis driving gear 51 is sleeved and fixed. The A-axis driving gear 51 is meshed and connected with the corresponding intermediate transmission gear, and the two lower intermediate transmission gears are both synchronously meshed and connected with the A-axis driven gear 47.

[0061] The swing head bracket assembly is assembled by the outer wall cover plate 31 of the swing arm seat, the inner seat 3 of the L-shaped swing head bracket, the end swing arm seat 32, and the end outer wall cover plate 33. It can cooperate with the assembly of components such as the A-axis drive motor 5, the A-axis gear transmission mechanism, the electric spindle support 41, and the electric spindle 4. The structural design is compact and reasonable, and the overall occupied space is small.

[0062] In addition, the two rotating ends of the electric spindle support 41 are effectively supported by the inner seat 3 of the L-shaped swing head bracket and the end swing arm seat 32. Compared with the cantilever rotating installation method in the prior art, the concentricity of rotation is better, and the running dynamic performance of the rotary swing is better.

[0063] The working principle of driving the electric spindle 4 to swing the angle in the vertical plane direction of the present invention is as follows: The A-axis drive motor 5 drives the intermediate transmission gear to rotate by driving the A-axis driving gear 51. The intermediate transmission gear can sequentially drive the A-axis driven gear 47, the support rotating shaft sleeve 42, the electric spindle support 41, and the electric spindle 4 to swing, so as to realize the adjustment of the rotary swing angle of the electric spindle 4 in the vertical plane.

[0064] During specific operation, one of the A-axis drive motors 5 serves as the main power output motor, applying a positive torque to drive the electric spindle 4 to rotate and swing; while the other A-axis drive motor 5 can serve as a backlash elimination motor, applying a relatively small braking torque to ensure that the entire A-axis gear transmission mechanism forms a backlash elimination closed loop, realizing the function of eliminating the transmission gap, and effectively ensuring the accuracy of the rotary swing of the electric spindle 4.

[0065] In order to lock and position the circumferential rotation angle of the electric spindle 4, this embodiment further includes a C-axis clamp type brake assembly. The C-axis clamp type brake assembly includes a C-axis clamp sleeve 15 installed at the central hole of the ram end seat 1. The C-axis clamp sleeve 15 is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis sleeve 12, and the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis clamp sleeve 15 is attached to the inner wall of the central hole of the ram end seat 1. A C-axis brake oil cavity 16 is opened on the inner wall of the central hole of the ram end seat 1. In specific applications, the C-axis brake oil cavity 16 is connected to the hydraulic source through a pipeline and a hydraulic electromagnetic control valve, and the hydraulic oil in the C-axis brake oil cavity 16 is controlled to be introduced or discharged through the hydraulic electromagnetic control valve.

[0066] When hydraulic oil is introduced into the C-axis brake oil chamber 16, the hydraulic oil presses against the C-axis clamp sleeve 15, causing the C-axis clamp sleeve 15 to tightly hold the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis bushing 12. The C-axis assembly can thus be braked, enabling the motorized spindle 4 to stop at a set rotational angle.

[0067] When the hydraulic oil in the C-axis brake oil chamber 16 is drained, the C-axis clamp sleeve 15 resets and no longer holds the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis bushing 12. At this time, the C-axis drive motor 2 can continue to drive the entire swing head support assembly and the motorized spindle 4 to rotate.

[0068] To lock and position the swing angle of the motorized spindle 4 in the vertical plane, this embodiment further includes an A-axis clamp-type brake assembly. The A-axis clamp-type brake assembly includes an A-axis clamp sleeve 46 installed at the rotating hole at the lower end of the inner seat 3 of the L-shaped swing head support.

[0069] An end cover ring 44 is also fixedly installed on the outer end face of the support rotating slip ring 43. The A-axis clamp sleeve 46 is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the end cover ring 44, and the circumferential outer wall of the A-axis clamp sleeve 46 fits with the circumferential inner wall of the rotating hole at the lower end of the inner seat 3 of the L-shaped swing head support. An A-axis brake oil chamber 35 is provided on the circumferential inner wall of the rotating hole at the lower end of the inner seat 3 of the L-shaped swing head support. Similarly, in specific applications, the A-axis brake oil chamber 35 can also be connected to the hydraulic source through pipelines and a hydraulic solenoid control valve, and the introduction or discharge of hydraulic oil in the A-axis brake oil chamber 35 can be controlled by the hydraulic solenoid control valve.

[0070] When hydraulic oil is introduced into the A-axis brake oil chamber 35, the hydraulic oil presses against the A-axis clamp sleeve 46, causing the A-axis clamp sleeve 46 to tightly hold the circumferential outer wall of the end cover ring 44. The end cover ring 44 and the motorized spindle support 41 can thus be braked, enabling the motorized spindle 4 to stop at a set swing angle.

[0071] When the hydraulic oil in the A-axis brake oil chamber 35 is drained, the A-axis clamp sleeve 46 resets and no longer holds the circumferential outer wall of the end cover ring 44. At this time, the A-axis drive motor 5 can continue to drive the entire motorized spindle support 41 and the motorized spindle 4 to swing back.

[0072] As a specific solution, the intermediate transmission gear is specifically divided into an intermediate transmission gear one 53 and an intermediate transmission gear two 54 that mesh with each other. The intermediate transmission gear one 53 is meshed and connected with the A-axis driving gear 51. A face gear 55 is also provided on the end face of the intermediate transmission gear two 54. The two face gears 55 on both sides are synchronously meshed and connected with the A-axis driven gear 47. With such a structural design, it is convenient to reasonably set the transmission ratio between the A-axis drive motor 5 and the motorized spindle support 41, enabling the rotational swing of the motorized spindle 4 to have good dynamic performance.

[0073] Of course, for the convenience of gear lubrication of the A-axis gear transmission mechanism, this embodiment may further include a felt gear one 52 and a felt gear two 56 that are rotatably and fittingly installed inside the gear transmission cavity. The felt gear one 52 is meshed and connected with the A-axis driving gear 51; the felt gear two 56 is meshed and connected with the A-axis driven gear 47. The felt gear one 52 and the felt gear two 56 are used to stir the lubricating oil to lubricate the operation of the A-axis gear transmission mechanism.

[0074] When the equipment malfunctions and causes the hydraulic electromagnetic control valve to lose power, the A-axis hoop brake assembly may fail and cannot lock the motorized spindle support 41. If the central axis of the motorized spindle 4 is not in a vertical state at this time (that is, the motorized spindle 4 has a certain swing angle in the vertical plane), and a relatively heavy milling cutter is installed on the motorized spindle 4, the unlocked milling cutter may fall and then collide with the workpiece to be machined. To solve the above collision risk, this embodiment may further include an anti-fall brake mechanism. The anti-fall brake mechanism includes a valve core member 6 and a spring 61. A stepped groove is formed on the inner side wall of the outer wall cover plate 31 of the swing arm seat. A limit retaining ring 62 is installed at the stepped groove, and an oil cavity groove 36 is formed at the center of the end face of the stepped groove;

[0075] The piston part of the valve core member 6 is slidably fitted in the oil cavity groove 36. A spring groove is formed at the end face of the piston part of the valve core member 6. One end of the spring 61 abuts in the spring groove, and the other end is in abutting connection with the end face of the oil cavity groove 36;

[0076] The abutting column part of the valve core member 6 passes through the limit retaining ring 62, and a protruding ring part 45 for cooperating with the abutting column part is further provided on the outer end face of the end cover ring 44;

[0077] The working principle of the anti-fall brake mechanism is as follows: When hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil cavity groove 36 (the equipment is powered on and has no faults), the hydraulic oil pushes the piston part of the valve core member 6. The piston part of the valve core member 6 pushes the spring 61, causing the spring 61 to contract, and also causing the abutting column part of the valve core member 6 to disengage from the protruding ring part 45 of the end cover ring 44; thereby releasing the rotational locking of the motorized spindle support 41.

[0078] When the hydraulic oil in the oil cavity groove 36 is drained (the equipment loses power and malfunctions), under the action of the contraction elastic force of the spring 61, the abutting column part of the valve core member 6 presses against the protruding ring part 45 of the end cover ring 44. Thereby, the rotation of the motorized spindle support 41 is locked to prevent the milling cutter installed on the motorized spindle 4 from falling and colliding.

[0079] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claimed invention.

Claims

1. The servo AC bidirectional five-axis swing head is characterized in that: It includes a ram end seat (1), a swivel head support assembly, and an electric spindle (4). A C-axis assembly is rotatably installed in the central hole of the ram end seat (1). A pair of C-axis drive motors (2) are provided at the upper end of the ram end seat (1). Each C-axis drive motor (2) drives the C-axis assembly to rotate simultaneously through a corresponding C-axis gear transmission mechanism. The upper end of the swivel head support assembly is butt-jointed and fixed to the lower end of the C-axis assembly. A pair of A-axis drive motors (5) are installed inside the swivel head support assembly. And an electric spindle support (41) is rotatably installed at the lower end inside the swivel head support assembly. An electric spindle (4) for installing a milling cutter is fixedly installed in the electric spindle support (41). Each A-axis drive motor (5) drives the electric spindle support (41) to rotate simultaneously through a corresponding A-axis gear transmission mechanism. The C-axis assembly includes a C-axis (11). A C-axis bushing (12) is sleeved and fixed at the lower end of the C-axis (11). The C-axis bushing (12) is rotationally and matingly connected with the central hole of the ram end seat (1) through a C-axis slip ring (13) fixed on the outer ring. A C-axis driven gear (14) is sleeved and fixed at the upper end of the C-axis bushing (12). The C-axis gear transmission mechanism includes a C-axis gear transmission (21) installed and fixed on the upper end face of the ram end seat (1). The input end of the C-axis gear transmission (21) is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the C-axis drive motor (2). A C-axis driving gear (22) is sleeved and fixed on the output shaft of the C-axis gear transmission (21). Both C-axis driving gears (22) are synchronously meshed and connected with the C-axis driven gear (14). The swivel head support assembly includes an L-shaped swivel head inner seat (3). The horizontal part of the L-shaped swivel head inner seat (3) is butt-jointed and fixed to the lower end of the C-axis (11). An end swing arm seat (32) is also butt-jointed and fixed to the free end face of the horizontal part of the L-shaped swivel head inner seat (3). An end outer wall cover plate (33) is fitted and fixed to the outer side wall of the end swing arm seat (32). A swing arm seat outer wall cover plate (31) is fitted and fixed to the side wall of the vertical part of the L-shaped swivel head inner seat (3) away from the end swing arm seat (32). One end of the electric spindle support (41) is fixedly installed with a support rotating shaft sleeve (42), and the other end of the electric spindle support (41) is fixedly installed with a support rotating slip ring (43). The support rotating slip ring (43) is rotatably fitted and installed in a rotating hole at the lower end of the inner seat (3) of the L-shaped swing head support; the support rotating shaft sleeve (42) is rotatably fitted and installed in a rotating shaft hole at the lower end of the end swing arm seat (32). The outer end of the support rotating shaft sleeve (42) passes through the end swing arm seat (32) and is sleeved and fixed with an A-axis driven gear (47); a gear transmission cavity is arranged between the end swing arm seat (32) and the end outer wall cover plate (33). The A-axis gear transmission mechanism includes at least one intermediate transmission gear rotatably fitted and installed in the gear transmission cavity; the A-axis drive motor (5) is limit installed between the inner seat (3) of the L-shaped swing head support and the end swing arm seat (32). The output shaft of the A-axis drive motor (5) passes through the end swing arm seat (32) and is sleeved and fixed with an A-axis driving gear (51). The A-axis driving gear (51) is meshed and connected with the corresponding intermediate transmission gear, and the two intermediate transmission gears below are both synchronously meshed and connected with the A-axis driven gear (47).

2. The servo AC bidirectional five-axis swing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a C-axis hoop type brake assembly. The C-axis hoop type brake assembly includes a C-axis hoop sleeve (15) installed at the central hole of the ram end seat (1). The C-axis hoop sleeve (15) is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis shaft sleeve (12), and the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis hoop sleeve (15) is attached to the circumferential inner wall of the central hole of the ram end seat (1). A C-axis brake oil cavity (16) is formed on the circumferential inner wall of the central hole of the ram end seat (1); when hydraulic oil is introduced into the C-axis brake oil cavity (16), the hydraulic oil presses the C-axis hoop sleeve (15) so that the C-axis hoop sleeve (15) tightly holds the circumferential outer wall of the C-axis shaft sleeve (12).

3. The servo AC two-way five-axis swing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes an A-axis hoop type brake assembly. The A-axis hoop type brake assembly includes an A-axis hoop sleeve (46) installed at the rotating hole at the lower end of the inner seat (3) of the L-shaped swing head support; an end cover ring (44) is further fixedly installed on the outer end face of the support rotating slip ring (43). The A-axis hoop sleeve (46) is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the end cover ring (44), and the circumferential outer wall of the A-axis hoop sleeve (46) is attached to the circumferential inner wall of the rotating hole at the lower end of the inner seat (3) of the L-shaped swing head support. An A-axis brake oil cavity (35) is formed on the circumferential inner wall of the rotating hole at the lower end of the inner seat (3) of the L-shaped swing head support; when hydraulic oil is introduced into the A-axis brake oil cavity (35), the hydraulic oil presses the A-axis hoop sleeve (46) so that the A-axis hoop sleeve (46) tightly holds the circumferential outer wall of the end cover ring (44).

4. The servo AC two-way five-axis swing head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The intermediate transmission gear is specifically divided into an intermediate transmission gear one (53) and an intermediate transmission gear two (54) that are meshed with each other. The intermediate transmission gear one (53) is meshed and connected with the A-axis driving gear (51). A face gear (55) is further arranged on the end face of the intermediate transmission gear two (54). The two face gears (55) on both sides are both synchronously meshed and connected with the A-axis driven gear (47).

5. The servo AC bidirectional five-axis swing head according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes a felt gear one (52) and a felt gear two (56) which are rotationally and fittingly installed inside the gear transmission cavity. The felt gear one (52) is meshed and connected with the A-axis driving gear (51); the felt gear two (56) is meshed and connected with the A-axis driven gear (47).

6. The servo AC bidirectional five-axis swing head according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that: It further includes an anti-falling braking mechanism. The anti-falling braking mechanism includes a valve core part (6) and a spring (61). A stepped groove is formed on the inner side wall of the outer wall cover plate (31) of the swing arm seat, and a limit retaining ring (62) is installed at the stepped groove. An oil cavity groove (36) is formed at the center of the end face of the stepped groove; the piston part of the valve core part (6) is slidably fitted in the oil cavity groove (36). A spring groove is formed at the end face of the piston part of the valve core part (6). One end of the spring (61) abuts in the spring groove, and the other end is in abutting connection with the end face of the oil cavity groove (36); the abutting column part of the valve core part (6) passes through the limit retaining ring (62), and a protruding ring part (45) for cooperating with the abutting column part is further provided on the outer end face of the end cover ring (44); when hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil cavity groove (36), the hydraulic oil pushes the piston part of the valve core part (6), and the piston part of the valve core part (6) pushes the spring (61), causing the spring (61) to contract, and also causing the abutting column part of the valve core part (6) to disengage from the protruding ring part (45) of the end cover ring (44); when the hydraulic oil in the oil cavity groove (36) is drained, under the elastic force of the spring (61), the abutting column part of the valve core part (6) presses against the protruding ring part (45) of the end cover ring (44).

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