Method of explosion hardening of high manganese steel frog

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high manganese steel frog explosion hardening method, explosion tank is overall in the form of half-sphere closed and cement reinforced wall is designed around explosion tank, a certain thickness ballast is laid on the inside ground of explosion tank, workbench is placed on ballast, explosion tank passage is opposite to workbench, walking device is equipped on explosion tank passage, spring door is equipped on both sides of explosion tank, energy-absorbing wall is directly opposite spring door, exhaust valve or smoke pipe is equipped in the top of explosion tank.The method is: rolling explosive according to process requirement;Walking device moves to the outside of explosion tank, frog is placed on the surface of lifting tool;Clean frog pre-explosion surface;Lay explosive;Walking device moves to the inside of explosion tank, tool and frog are placed on workbench;Electric detonator detonation;Walking device moves to the outside of explosion tank, explosion hardening is completed.In the process of explosion hardening, the pressure generated by explosion shock wave is transmitted to spring door, it is instantaneously ejected outward, pressure is transmitted to energy-absorbing wall, and energy absorption is completed;Exhaust valve discharges smoke and other gases in explosion tank.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a high manganese steel frog explosion hardening method capable of replacing an open-air explosion hardening process, realizing temperature control, uninterrupted operation, improving explosion hardening quality and reducing environmental influence, and belongs to the field of high manganese steel frog manufacturing. BACKGROUND

[0002] The open-air explosion hardening technology implemented by the applicant requires that an explosion site is far away from residential areas and various building facilities, and the high manganese steel frog explosion hardening process is operated and completed under open-air conditions, the operation process is simple, the explosion hardening cost is low, and the efficiency is high, but the defects such as machining knife marks, micro cracks, micro pores and slag inclusions on the surface of the high manganese steel frog or close to the surface are enlarged and shown in the explosion process, and the more the explosion hardening times are, the more obvious the defects are, and the finished product rate is low. Meanwhile, explosion noise, smoke and dust have influence on the environment, and explosion hardening operation cannot be implemented in rainy weather, thereby restricting the production progress. SUMMARY

[0003] Design purpose: to avoid the defects in the background technology, design a high manganese steel frog explosion hardening method capable of replacing an open-air explosion hardening process, realizing temperature control, uninterrupted operation, improving explosion hardening quality and reducing environmental influence.

[0004] Design scheme: in order to realize the above design purpose, the application comprises a new explosion hardening device and an explosion hardening method. The high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device mainly comprises an explosion tank, a spring door, an energy absorption wall, a moving device, a workbench and ballast. The explosion tank is made of a steel plate, cement reinforcing walls are designed around the explosion tank, ballast (broken stone) is laid on the ground in the explosion tank, and the workbench is located on the upper part of the ballast (broken stone); the moving device and a personnel access channel are arranged on one side of the explosion tank, the energy absorption wall is arranged on the other side of the explosion tank, and an exhaust valve or an exhaust pipe is arranged on the top; an I-shaped steel is fixed on the upper part of the channel of the explosion tank, and the walking device works on the basis of the electric principle: after lifting the frog, the walking device moves to the inside of the explosion tank or returns to the outside of the explosion tank. Main process flow: roll the explosive according to the process requirement; the walking device moves to the outside of the explosion tank, and places the frog on the surface of the lifting tool; clean the pre-explosion surface of the frog; lay the explosive; the walking device moves to the inside of the explosion tank, and places the tool and the frog on the workbench; ignite the electric detonator; the walking device moves to the outside of the explosion tank, and completes the explosion hardening. In the explosion hardening process, the pressure generated by the explosion shock wave transmits the spring door, which is instantaneously popped out, the pressure transmits the energy absorption wall, and the energy absorption is completed; the exhaust valve (exhaust pipe) exhausts the smoke and gas in the explosion tank, and the like Figure 1 .

[0005] (1) The explosion tank body is made by assembling and welding steel plates, the thickness of the steel plates is determined according to actual needs, the explosion tank body is in a semispherical shape, cement reinforced walls are designed around the explosion tank body, the inside of the explosion tank body is a hollow structure, and the whole explosion tank body is in a closed shape, so that the explosion tank body has the advantages of high structural strength and large internal operation space. An exhaust valve (exhaust cylinder) is arranged on the top surface of the explosion tank body, so as to discharge smoke and dust generated by explosion, and meanwhile, the exhaust valve has the air circulation cleaning function. In order to slow down the strong shock wave generated by explosion and avoid damage to the explosion hardening device, a certain thickness of ballast (broken stone) is laid in the explosion tank body, a workbench is arranged on the ballast, spring doors are arranged on the two sides of the workbench, and energy absorption walls are arranged opposite to the spring doors, so as to play a safety buffering role (whether the device is reserved can be determined according to the process). A walking device and a personnel access passage are arranged on one side of the explosion tank body.

[0006] (2) The walking device mainly comprises a tool, a lifting device, an electric hoist and an I-shaped steel, one end of the walking device is connected to the explosion tank body by welding, and the other end of the walking device is fixed and supported on the ground by using a section steel. Figure 5 The tool is welded by a steel plate and a reinforcing bar, the tool and the electric hoist are connected by the lifting device, the electric hoist is controlled by using electric control technology, and the lifting device and the tool are driven by the electric hoist to realize lifting up and down and moving forward and backward on the frog. Since the frog has large dimensions and is heavy, a forklift or other engineering machinery is generally used for loading and unloading. In order to improve the loading and unloading efficiency of the frog, based on the principle that the steel plate is elastically deformed under the action of gravity under the condition of being supported at both ends, a large loading and unloading gap is formed in the middle region of the steel plate, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 . In the working process of the tool, after the forklift places the frog on the tool, the engineering machinery can quickly separate from the tool by using the elastic deformation gap of the steel plate, so as to realize loading and unloading, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0007] (3) A workbench is arranged in the explosion tank body, the workbench is welded by a steel plate, the contact surface between the workbench and the tool is flat, the workbench is arranged on the ballast in the tank and below the I-shaped steel of the walking device, as shown in Figures 4-5 .

[0008] Technical scheme 1: A high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device, the whole explosion tank body is in a semispherical closed shape, cement reinforced walls are designed around the explosion tank body, a certain thickness of ballast is laid on the ground in the explosion tank body, a workbench is arranged on the ballast, a walking device is arranged opposite to the workbench on the passage of the explosion tank body, spring doors are arranged on the two sides of the explosion tank body, energy absorption walls are arranged opposite to the spring doors, and an exhaust valve or a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the top of the explosion tank body.

[0009] Technical solution 2: a high manganese steel frog explosion hardening method, 1) process 1: according to the technical requirements, the explosive is heated, and the explosive is rolled using a certain template, and the thickness of the finished explosive is not greater than 3.5mm; 2) process 2: start the electric hoist, and place the walking device outside the explosion tank; 3) process 3: start the engineering machinery, load the frog, and place it in the designated position of the walking device tool, and the engineering machinery is away from the explosion tank; 4) process 4: spray industrial alcohol on the pre-explosion surface of the high manganese steel frog, and wipe the pre-explosion surface of the high manganese steel frog with cotton or other materials to remove floating dust, oil stains and the like, and ensure that the surface is clean; 5) process 5: evenly apply the explosive to the pre-explosion surface of the high manganese steel frog, the overlapping area of the explosive should be evenly transitioned, and the air on the surface of the explosive is discharged, and the electric detonator and the wire are arranged (this process can also be operated in the explosion tank); 6) process 6: start the electric hoist, and the electric hoist drives the lifting device, tool and high manganese steel frog to move along the I-beam guide rail to the explosion tank, and then pause the movement, start the electric hoist winch, and evenly drop the tool and high manganese steel frog to the workbench, and pause the movement; 7) process 7: personnel evacuate the explosion tank site, and ignite the electric detonator at a safe distance to complete the first explosion hardening of the high manganese steel frog; 8) process 8: repeat the above processes 2 to 7 to complete the second or multiple explosion hardening.

[0010] Compared with the background art, the present application has the following advantages: first, the tank explosion hardening method realizes controllable temperature and controllable noise, improves the pre-hardening quality, and reduces the impact on the environment; second, the tank explosion hardening method realizes uninterrupted explosion hardening operation, and improves the production efficiency; third, the process method is simple and easy to operate, and a person with general skill level can master the operation process in a short time, and the explosion hardening cost is low; fourth, by improving the machining quality of the manganese steel frog running surface, improving the explosive laying process and carrying out tank explosion hardening, the defects such as machining knife marks, micro-cracks, micro-pores and slag inclusions on the surface of the high manganese steel frog or near the surface are avoided or reduced under the action of the huge impact of the surface of the high manganese steel frog, the explosion hardening quality is improved, and the consistency and stability of the high manganese steel frog product quality are fully guaranteed, so the present application has high market promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosion hardening device.

[0012] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and working principle of the explosion hardening device.

[0013] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the elastic deformation principle of the tool.

[0014] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the workbench from the top.

[0015] Figure 5 is Figure 4 A schematic view in the middle.

[0016] Figure 6 is a three-view schematic diagram of the tool structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Example 1: A high manganese steel frog explosion hardening method, including a new explosion hardening device and explosion hardening technology. The high manganese steel frog explosion hardening device mainly consists of an explosion tank, a spring door, an energy absorbing wall, a moving device, a workbench, and ballast. The main part of the explosion tank is made of steel plate, and a cement reinforced wall is designed around the explosion tank. The inside of the explosion tank is paved with ballast (broken stone), and the workbench is located on the upper part of the ballast. The moving device and the personnel access channel are arranged on one side of the explosion tank, and the energy absorbing wall is arranged on the other side. An exhaust valve or exhaust pipe is arranged at the top. The walking device I-beam is fixed on the upper part of the explosion tank channel, and the walking device works on the principle of electricity: after lifting the frog, it moves to the inside of the explosion tank or returns to the outside of the explosion tank. The main process flow is as follows: roll the explosive according to the process requirements; move the walking device to the outside of the explosion tank, place the frog on the surface of the lifting tool; clean the pre-explosion surface of the frog; lay the explosive; move the walking device to the inside of the explosion tank, place the tool and frog on the workbench; electric detonator detonation; move the walking device to the outside of the explosion tank to complete the explosion hardening. During the explosion hardening process, the pressure generated by the explosion shock wave transmits the spring door, which is instantly ejected outward, and the pressure transmits to the energy absorbing wall to complete energy absorption; the exhaust valve (exhaust pipe) exhausts the smoke and gas in the explosion tank, and the like Figure 1 .

[0018] The explosion tank, spring door, energy absorbing wall, moving device, and workbench are made of existing technology, which is not described here.

[0019] (1) The explosion tank body is made of steel plate assembly and welding, the thickness of the steel plate is determined according to actual needs, and it is in the form of a hemisphere. A cement reinforced wall is designed around the explosion tank, the inside is a hollow structure, and the whole is in the form of a closed shape, which has the advantages of high structural strength, large internal working space, etc. An exhaust valve (exhaust cylinder) is arranged on the top surface of the explosion tank to discharge the smoke and dust generated by the explosion, and also has the function of air circulation cleaning. In order to slow down the strong shock wave generated by the explosion and avoid damage to the explosion hardening device, a certain thickness of ballast (broken stone) is laid in the explosion tank, and the workbench is placed on the ballast. Spring doors and energy absorbing walls are arranged on both sides to play a safety buffer role (this device can be determined whether to be reserved according to the process). The walking device and the personnel access channel are arranged on one side of the explosion tank.

[0020] (2) The walking device mainly consists of a tool, a lifting device, an electric hoist, and an I-beam. One end is connected with the explosion tank by welding, and the other end is fixed and supported on the ground by using section steel. The tool structure is shown in Figure 5The steel plate and the reinforcing bar are welded together, the tooling and the electric hoist are connected through the lifting device (the lifting device is prior art, which is not described here), the electric hoist is controlled by using electric control technology, the electric hoist drives the lifting device and the tooling to realize lifting up and down and moving forward and backward on the frog. Since the frog has large size and heavy weight, a forklift or other engineering machinery is generally used for loading and unloading. In order to improve the loading and unloading efficiency of the frog, based on the principle that the steel plate is elastically deformed under the action of gravity under the condition of being supported at both ends, a large loading and unloading gap is formed in the middle region, see Figure 2 、 Figure 3 . During the working process of the tooling, the forklift places the frog on the tooling, and then the engineering machinery is quickly separated from the tooling by using the elastic deformation gap of the steel plate, so as to realize loading and unloading, see Figure 2 .

[0021] (3) A workbench is arranged in the explosion tank, the workbench is welded by a steel plate, the contact surface of the workbench and the tooling is flat, the workbench is arranged on the ballast in the tank and below the I-beam of the walking device, see Figures 4-5 .

[0022] (4) Explosion hardening process flow: preparation work: first, check the state of the explosive material, the rolling tool, the rolling insulating plate, the hardness tester and the forklift; second, recheck that the surface roughness of the high manganese steel frog and the explosion hardened surface is ≤Ra25μm, and the surface is free of burrs and edges; third, prepare industrial alcohol, cotton and other auxiliary supplies.

[0023] Process 1: The explosive is heated and uniformly rolled according to the technical requirements, a certain template is used to roll the plate-shaped explosive, and the thickness of the finished explosive is not greater than 3.5 mm.

[0024] Process 2: Start the electric hoist and place the walking device outside the explosion tank.

[0025] Process 3: Start the engineering machinery, load the frog, place it on the designated position of the walking device tooling, and move the engineering machinery away from the explosion tank.

[0026] Process 4: Spray industrial alcohol on the pre-explosion surface of the high manganese steel frog, and wipe the pre-explosion surface of the high manganese steel frog with cotton or other materials to remove dust and oil, so as to ensure the cleanliness of the surface.

[0027] Process 5: Uniformly apply the explosive to the pre-explosion surface of the high manganese steel frog, the overlapping area of the explosive should be uniformly transitioned, and the air on the surface of the explosive should be discharged. Arrange the electric detonator and the wire (this process can also be operated in the explosion tank).

[0028] Process 6: Start the electric hoist, and move the lifting device, the tooling and the high manganese steel frog to the explosion tank along the I-beam guide rail, then stop moving, start the electric hoist winch, and uniformly drop the tooling and the high manganese steel frog onto the workbench, and then stop moving.

[0029] Step 7: The personnel evacuates the explosion tank site, ignites the electric detonator at a safe distance, and completes the one-time explosion hardening of the high manganese steel frog.

[0030] Step 8: Repeat the above steps 2 to 8 to complete the secondary or multiple explosion hardening.

[0031] The high manganese steel or the alloyed high manganese steel can be the high manganese steel specified in the national standard (GB / T5680-1998) and the high manganese steel alloyed with one of chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron, aluminum, nitrogen, niobium and rare earth elements and / or composite alloying thereof on the basis of the high manganese steel.

[0032] It should be understood that the above examples, although the design idea of the present application is described in detail, the text description is only a simple text description of the design idea of the present application, but not a limitation of the design idea of the present application, any combination, addition or modification beyond the design idea of the present application falls within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of explosion hardening of a high manganese steel frog, characterized in that: The device used in the hardening method comprises an explosion tank (1) which is in a whole semispherical closed shape and is provided with a cement reinforced wall around the explosion tank, and the inside of the explosion tank is in a hollow structure and is in a whole closed shape, a certain thickness of ballast is laid on the ground in the explosion tank, a workbench is placed on the ballast, a passage (7) of the explosion tank is opposite to the workbench, a walking device (5) is arranged on the passage (7) of the explosion tank, the walking device (5) is composed of a tooling (10), a lifting device (14), an electric hoist (15) and an I-beam (16), the I-beam (16) is located on an I-beam support frame, two electric hoists (15) are spaced apart and located on the I-beam (16), two lifting devices (14) are respectively connected with the electric hoists (15) at one end and are respectively connected with a moving tooling (12) at the other end, a frog (13) is located on the moving tooling (12), spring doors (2) are arranged on both sides of the explosion tank (1), an energy absorbing wall (4) is directly opposite to the spring doors (2), a plurality of springs (3) are transversely distributed on the spring doors (2), and an exhaust valve or an exhaust pipe (6) is arranged on the top of the explosion tank (1); the explosion hardening method of the high manganese steel frog comprises the following steps: a preparation work is performed, that is, the state of explosive materials, rolling explosive tooling, rolling explosive insulating plate, hardness tester and forklift is checked; the surface roughness of the high manganese steel frog and the explosion hardened surface is rechecked, and the surface roughness is less than or equal to Ra25μm, and the surface is free of burrs and edges; industrial alcohol and cotton silk auxiliary supplies are prepared; 1) Process 1: The explosive is heated according to the technical requirements, and the explosive is rolled using a certain template, and the thickness of the finished explosive is not greater than 3.5 mm; 2) Process 2: Start the electric hoist and place the walking device outside the explosion tank; 3) Process 3: Start the engineering machinery, load the frog, place it in the designated position of the walking device tooling, and move the engineering machinery away from the explosion tank; 4) Process 4: Spray industrial alcohol on the pre-explosion surface of the high manganese steel frog, and wipe the pre-explosion surface of the high manganese steel frog with cotton or other supplies to remove floating dust and oil stains, so as to ensure that the surface is clean; 5) Process 5: The explosive is evenly applied to the pre-explosion surface of the high manganese steel frog, the overlapping area of the explosive should be evenly transitioned, and the air on the surface of the explosive is discharged, and the electric detonator and the wire can also be operated in the explosion tank; 6) Process 6: Start the electric hoist, and drive the lifting device, tooling and high manganese steel frog to move towards the explosion tank along the I-beam guide rail, and then stop moving, start the electric hoist winch, and evenly drop the tooling and high manganese steel frog onto the workbench, and then stop moving; 7) Process 7: Personnel are evacuated from the explosion tank site, and the electric detonator is detonated at a safe distance, in the explosion hardening process, the pressure generated by the explosion shock wave is transmitted to the spring door, which is instantaneously popped out, the pressure is transmitted to the energy absorbing wall, and the energy absorption is completed; the exhaust valve\exhaust pipe discharges the smoke gas in the explosion tank, and the high manganese steel frog is once explosion hardened. 8) Process 8: repeat the above process 2) to process 7) to complete the secondary or multiple explosion hardening; high manganese steel or alloyed high manganese steel can be the high manganese steel specified in the national standard GB / T5680-1998 and the high manganese steel alloyed with one and / or its composite of chromium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, vanadium, boron, aluminum, nitrogen, niobium and rare earth elements on this basis can be used in the above method for explosion hardening.

2. The high manganese steel frog explosion hardening method according to claim 1, characterized by: The ground in the explosion tank (1) is paved with ballast or gravel (8), the workbench (9) is located on the ballast or gravel (8), the contact surface of the workbench (9) and the tooling (10) is flat, and the workbench (9) is placed on the ballast in the tank and below the walking device I-beam (16).

3. The high manganese steel frog explosion hardening method according to claim 1, characterized by: The outer bottom of the explosion tank (1) is provided with a closed loop cement reinforced wall (11).

4. The high manganese steel frog explosive hardening method of claim 1, characterized by: The explosion tank is made of steel plate assembly welding, and the walking device and personnel access passage are arranged on one side of the explosion tank.

5. The high manganese steel frog explosive hardening method of claim 1, characterized by: One end of the workbench (9) is welded to the explosion tank, and the other end is fixed by using a profile steel and supported on the ground (17).

6. The high manganese steel frog explosive hardening method of claim 1, characterized by: The moving process tooling (12) is composed of steel plate and reinforcing bar welded to the loading and unloading gap (18), the moving process tooling (12) and the electric hoist (15) are connected through the hoisting device (14), the electric hoist is controlled by using electric control technology, the hoisting device and the moving process tooling (12) are driven by the electric hoist to realize the lifting of the frog up and down and the movement forward and backward.

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