Electric spindle device for coaxial powder feeding friction deposition additive manufacturing

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electric spindle device for coaxial powder feeding friction deposition additive manufacturing, including an electric spindle system and a feeding system; the electric spindle system includes a spindle housing, a rotating sleeve is coaxially arranged in the spindle housing, and the spindle housing is axially divided into a lower part and an upper part; a first bearing group and a cooling water jacket are coaxially arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside in the radial direction between the lower part of the spindle housing and the rotating sleeve, and a second bearing group, a cooling water jacket and a feeding sleeve are coaxially arranged in sequence in the rotating sleeve; a motor rotor, a stator and a cooling water jacket are coaxially arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside in the radial direction between the upper part of the spindle housing and the rotating sleeve; a shaft shoulder is arranged at the lower end of the rotating sleeve. With metal powder as raw material, the present invention can realize additive manufacturing of various materials and composite materials, and can also realize continuous feeding of metal powder to improve the efficiency of friction deposition additive manufacturing. The present invention can be upgraded and renovated on the original CNC machine tool, saving a lot of cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of friction deposition additive manufacturing equipment, and in particular to a coaxial powder feeding friction deposition additive manufacturing electric spindle. Background Art

[0002] Friction deposition additive manufacturing is a solid-state additive manufacturing technology. The material is transported through a hollow shaft in the form of rods or powders. The rapid rotation of the shaft causes the material to be heated and plasticized by friction. Then, through the lateral movement of the spindle system, a continuous coating is deposited on the substrate to achieve the purpose of additive manufacturing. This technology has been relatively mature in foreign countries, such as MELD, and can be applied to actual industrial production. In China, the equipment required to realize this technology is lacking, and the raw materials are mostly rods. The raw materials are single, making it difficult to add composite materials, and the inability to continuously feed materials during the additive process leads to low additive efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the prior art, the present invention provides an electric spindle device for coaxial powder feeding friction deposition additive manufacturing. The device can integrate the rotating shaft rotation function required for friction deposition additive manufacturing and the metal powder feeding process, has the characteristics of high integration, can deposit composite materials, and realize continuous feeding.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an electric spindle device for coaxial powder feeding friction deposition additive manufacturing, including an electric spindle system and a feeding system; the electric spindle system includes a spindle housing, a rotating sleeve is coaxially arranged in the spindle housing, a shoulder step surface is arranged in the spindle housing, and an inner end cover is arranged at the shoulder step surface, and the inner end cover divides the spindle housing into a lower part and an upper part in the axial direction; a first bearing group and a first bearing group cooling water jacket are coaxially arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside in the radial direction between the lower part of the spindle housing and the rotating sleeve, and the first shaft The axial positioning of the bearing group and the first bearing group cooling water jacket is achieved through the inner end cover, bushing and nut and the outer end cover arranged at the lower end of the main shaft housing; the motor rotor, motor stator and motor stator cooling water jacket are coaxially arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside in the radial direction between the upper part of the main shaft housing and the rotating sleeve; the motor rotor and the rotating sleeve are interference fit, and the axial positioning of the motor rotor is achieved by the positioning shoulder arranged on the rotating sleeve, and the motor stator cooling water jacket is fixed to the inner end cover; the lower end of the rotating sleeve is provided with a closed conical shoulder.

[0005] The feeding system includes a feeding mechanism, a moving mechanism, and a second bearing group, a second bearing group cooling water jacket and a feeding sleeve which are arranged in the rotating sleeve and are coaxially arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in the radial direction; the lower part of the feeding sleeve is sleeved with a heating coil and is provided with a water jacket positioning shoulder, the second bearing group cooling water jacket is fixed to the water jacket positioning shoulder, and the axial positioning of the second bearing group is achieved by the water jacket positioning shoulder, the sleeve and the round nut arranged on the second bearing group cooling water jacket; the lower end of the feeding sleeve is a tapered sleeve structure that cooperates with the shoulder. The feeding mechanism includes a barrel fixed on the top of the spindle housing, and a funnel is provided in the barrel; the bottom of the funnel is embedded in the upper end of the feeding sleeve, and a fixed seat is installed on the top of the barrel; a feeding screw is provided in the feeding sleeve, the top of the feeding screw is connected to the motor through a coupling, and the bottom end of the feeding screw is provided with a check valve; the moving mechanism includes a moving support frame arranged in the fixed seat, a plurality of longitudinal guide shafts fixed by the fixed seat, and a linear bearing is provided between the moving support frame and each longitudinal guide shaft; the motor is fixed on the moving support frame, and a rotating bearing is provided between the output shaft of the motor and the moving support frame, and a pressure cover is also fixed on the moving support frame, and the pressure cover is provided with a center threaded hole, and an electric cylinder is provided at the upper end of the fixed seat, and the piston head of the electric cylinder is connected to the center threaded hole of the pressure cover.

[0006] Furthermore, the electric spindle device of the present invention, wherein:

[0007] The side wall of the spindle housing is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are respectively connected with the cooling water channel of the first bearing group cooling water jacket and the cooling water channel of the motor stator cooling water jacket; the outer rotating surface of the feeding sleeve is provided with a cooling water channel, and the upper end of the second bearing group cooling water jacket is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are connected with the cooling water channel; the barrel is provided with a feed port.

[0008] The shaft head at the top of the feeding screw is an optical axis, and an angular contact ball bearing is arranged between the movable support frame and the optical axis.

[0009] The first bearing group includes four groups of angular contact ball bearings and double-row cylindrical roller bearings; the four groups of angular contact ball bearings are installed at the lower part of the rotating sleeve and the cooling water jacket of the first bearing group to withstand axial tension and pressure; the double-row cylindrical roller bearings are installed at the upper part of the rotating sleeve and the cooling water jacket of the first bearing group to withstand radial force; the double-row cylindrical roller bearings and adjacent angular contact ball bearings are positioned by the bushing, the inner rings of the bearings at both ends of the first bearing group are fixed by the nuts, and the outer rings of the bearings at both ends of the first bearing group are pressed by the outer end covers and inner end covers.

[0010] The second bearing group includes two groups of angular contact ball bearings respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the feeding sleeve and the second bearing group cooling water jacket, and the two groups of angular contact ball bearings located at the lower end and the two groups of angular contact ball bearings located at the upper end are axially positioned by the sleeve.

[0011] In the feeding mechanism, the motor drives the feeding screw to rotate through a coupling, thereby completing the feeding process; in the moving mechanism, the linear bearing moves on the longitudinal guide shaft, thereby driving the moving support frame to move up and down.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The present invention is an electric spindle device for coaxial powder feeding friction deposition additive manufacturing, which is mainly composed of an electric spindle system and a feeding system, wherein the electric spindle system mainly realizes the rotational motion of the rotating shaft, and the feeding system mainly realizes the conveying function of metal powder. The present invention uses metal powder as raw material, can realize additive manufacturing of various materials and composite materials, and can realize continuous feeding of metal powder to improve the efficiency of friction deposition additive manufacturing. The present invention can be upgraded and modified on the original CNC machine tool, saving a lot of costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electric spindle device of the present invention;

[0015] In the figure:

[0016] 1- Rotating sleeve 2- Outer end cover 3- Second nut

[0017] 4-First bearing group 5-First bearing group cooling water jacket 6-Outer bushing

[0018] 7-Inner bushing 8-First nut 9-Inner end cap

[0019] 10-Motor stator 11-Motor rotor 12-Spindle housing

[0020] 13- Funnel 14- Barrel 15- Fixed seat

[0021] 16-Linear bearing 17-Longitudinal guide shaft 18-Electric cylinder

[0022] 19-motor 20-pressure cover 21-mobile support frame

[0023] 22- coupling 23- angular contact ball bearing 24- feed screw

[0024] 25-round nut 26-second bearing set 27-inner sleeve

[0025] 28-feeding sleeve 29-outer sleeve 30-cooling water jacket of the second bearing group

[0026] 31- Check valve 32- Heating coil 33- Shoulder

[0027] 34-Electronic stator cooling water jacket DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the following embodiments are by no means intended to limit the present invention in any way.

[0029] The present invention provides an electric spindle device for coaxial powder feeding friction deposition additive manufacturing, which comprises an electric spindle system and a feeding system.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the electric spindle system includes a spindle housing 12, in which a rotating sleeve 1 is coaxially arranged, and a shoulder step surface is arranged in the spindle housing 12, on which an inner end cover 9 is arranged, and the inner end cover 9 divides the spindle housing 12 into a lower part and an upper part in the axial direction.

[0031] A first bearing group 4 and a first bearing group cooling water jacket 5 are coaxially arranged in sequence from inside to outside in the radial direction between the lower part of the main shaft housing 12 and the rotating sleeve 1. The axial positioning of the first bearing group 4 and the first bearing group cooling water jacket 5 is achieved by the inner end cover 9, the bushing and the nut and the outer end cover 2 arranged at the lower end of the main shaft housing 12; during the material addition process, the rotating sleeve 1 rotates at a high speed and is simultaneously subjected to the combined effects of axial pressure and torque; in addition, during lateral movement, the rotating sleeve 1 is also subjected to radial force; wherein the axial pressure and radial force are borne by the first bearing group 4, therefore, the selected bearing should be able to withstand the required axial force and radial force at the same time during high-speed rotation. Specifically, the first bearing group 4 includes four groups of angular contact ball bearings and double-row cylindrical roller bearings, and the arrangement is that the four groups of angular contact ball bearings are installed at the lower part of the rotating sleeve 1 and the cooling water jacket 5 of the first bearing group to withstand axial tension and pressure; the double-row cylindrical roller bearings are installed at the upper part of the rotating sleeve 1 and the cooling water jacket 5 of the first bearing group to withstand radial force; the double-row cylindrical roller bearings and the adjacent angular contact ball bearings are axially positioned by the inner sleeve 7 and the outer sleeve 6, the inner rings of the bearings at both ends of the first bearing group 4 are fixed by the first nut 8 and the second nut 3 assembled on the rotating sleeve 1, the outer ring of the first bearing group 4 is installed on the cooling water jacket 5 of the first bearing group, and the outer rings of the bearings at both ends are pressed by the outer end cover 2 and the inner end cover 9 respectively, and the outer end cover 2 is fixed by the outer end cover 2. The screws are fixed to the spindle housing 12, and the inner end cover 9 is fixed to the first bearing group cooling water jacket 5 by screws. The rotating sleeve 1 is provided with external threads on the inner sides of the outer end cover 2 and the inner end cover 9. The motor rotor 11, the motor stator 10 and the motor stator cooling water jacket 34 are coaxially arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside in the radial direction between the upper part of the spindle housing 12 and the rotating sleeve 1; the motor stator 10 is installed in the upper part of the spindle housing 12, and the side of the motor stator 10 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the spindle housing 12; the motor rotor 11 and the rotating sleeve 1 are interference fit, and the axial positioning of the motor rotor 11 is achieved by a positioning shoulder arranged on the rotating sleeve 1, thereby constituting an electric spindle system relatively independent of the feeding system, thereby realizing the high-speed rotation movement of the rotating sleeve 1. The motor stator cooling water jacket 34 is fixed to the inner end cover 9; the side wall of the spindle housing 12 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are respectively connected to the cooling water channel of the first bearing group cooling water jacket 5 and the cooling water channel of the motor stator cooling water jacket 34; the lower end of the rotating sleeve 1 is screwed with a closed conical shoulder 33.

[0032] In order to ensure that the metal powder can be smoothly delivered to the substrate, it is required that during the additive process, the feeding sleeve 28 does not rotate when the rotating sleeve 1 rotates at high speed. Therefore, it cooperates with the rotating sleeve 1 through a bearing group. In the present invention, the feeding system includes a feeding mechanism, a moving mechanism, and a second bearing group 26, a second bearing group cooling water jacket 30, and a feeding sleeve 28, which are arranged in the rotating sleeve 1 and are coaxially arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in the radial direction; the feeding sleeve 28 forms a feeding channel, and the lower part of the feeding sleeve 28 is provided with a heating coil 32 for preheating the metal powder, and a water jacket positioning shoulder is provided, the second bearing group cooling water jacket 30 is fixed to the water jacket positioning shoulder, and the second bearing group cooling water jacket 30 cooperates with the rotating sleeve 1 through the second bearing group 26, and the axial positioning of the second bearing group 26 is achieved by the water jacket positioning shoulder, the sleeve, and the round nut 25 arranged on the second bearing group cooling water jacket 30; The lower end of the feed sleeve 28 is a tapered sleeve structure that matches the shaft shoulder 33; specifically, the second bearing group 26 includes two groups of angular contact ball bearings respectively installed at the upper and lower ends of the feed sleeve 28 and the second bearing group cooling water jacket 30, and adopts a "two at the bottom and two at the top" arrangement. The two groups of angular contact ball bearings at the lower end and the two groups of angular contact ball bearings at the upper end are axially positioned by the outer sleeve 29 and the inner sleeve 27; the outer side of the two groups of angular contact ball bearings at the upper part of the second bearing group cooling water jacket 30 and located on one side of the upper end are provided with external threads, the two groups of angular contact ball bearings at one side of the upper end are locked by round nuts 25, and the two groups of angular contact ball bearings at one side of the lower end are positioned by the water jacket positioning shaft shoulder on the feed sleeve 28. The outer rings of the bearings on both sides of the second bearing group 26 are fixed in the rotating sleeve 1, and the inner rings are fixed to the second bearing group cooling water jacket 30.

[0033] The feeding mechanism includes a barrel 14 fixed to the top of the spindle housing 12, and a funnel 13 is arranged in the barrel 14; the bottom of the funnel 13 is embedded in the upper end of the feeding sleeve 28, and the funnel 13 is used to more conveniently allow metal powder to enter the feeding sleeve 28 from the barrel 14. The barrel 14 is fixed to the spindle housing 12 by screws, and its function is to store a large amount of metal powder to ensure continuous feeding of the metal powder; in addition, a feed port is opened on its side wall, and the metal powder can be fed into the barrel 14 by spiral feeding or the like. A fixing seat 15 is installed at the top of the barrel 14; a feeding screw 24 is arranged in the feeding sleeve 28, and the top of the feeding screw 24 is connected to the motor 19 through a coupling 22, and a check valve 31 is arranged at the bottom of the feeding screw 24 to prevent the backflow of metal powder and only allow the metal powder to move from the upper part to the lower part of the feeding sleeve 28. A cooling water channel is also machined on the outer rotating surface of the feeding sleeve 28 to cool the second bearing group 26. The upper end of the second bearing group cooling water jacket 30 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet that are connected to the cooling water channel. In the feeding mechanism, the motor 19 drives the feeding screw 24 to rotate through the coupling 22, thereby completing the feeding process.

[0034] During the additive process, a certain force is required to push the metal powder out of the lower part of the feeding sleeve 28 onto the substrate, and the feeding mechanism needs to move at the same time. Therefore, an electric cylinder 18 is used to apply thrust, and the movement of the feeding mechanism is achieved through a moving mechanism. The moving mechanism and the electric cylinder 18 are installed on a fixed seat 15, which can push the entire moving mechanism and the feeding screw 24 to move downward to push the metal powder onto the substrate. The fixed seat 15 is fixed to the barrel 14 by screws. The moving mechanism includes a moving support frame 21 arranged in the fixed seat 15, and the shaft head at the top of the feeding screw 24 is an optical axis. An angular contact ball bearing 23 is provided between the moving support frame 21 and the optical axis, so that the feeding mechanism is mounted on the moving mechanism through the angular contact ball bearing. The fixing seat 15 is fixed with a plurality of longitudinal guide shafts 17 by nuts, and a linear bearing 16 is provided between the moving support frame 21 and each longitudinal guide shaft 17; the motor 19 is fixed on the moving support frame 21, and a rotating bearing is provided between the output shaft of the motor and the moving support frame 21, and a pressure cover 20 is also fixed on the moving support frame 21, and the pressure cover 20 is provided with a central threaded hole, and the piston head of the electric cylinder 18 is connected to the central threaded hole of the pressure cover 20. In the moving mechanism, the linear bearing 16 moves on the longitudinal guide shaft 17, thereby driving the moving support frame 21 to move up and down.

[0035] The main working process of the coaxial powder feeding friction deposition additive manufacturing electric spindle of the present invention is:

[0036] After the electric spindle system is powered on, the motor rotor 11 inside it rotates, driving the rotating sleeve 1 to rotate at high speed to complete the movement function of the spindle; the motor 19 of the feeding system rotates to drive the feeding screw 24 to rotate, and the metal powder passes through the funnel 13 and enters the lower end of the feeding channel (feeding sleeve 28) through the check valve 31 to complete the feeding. When there is enough metal powder at the lower end of the feeding channel, the electric cylinder 18 in the moving mechanism is started to push the moving parts (pressure cover 20, moving support frame 21, feeding screw 24), and the metal powder is pushed by the feeding screw 24 and is squeezed out from the feeding port at the lower end of the feeding sleeve 28 on the substrate under the restriction of the bottom check valve 31. At the same time, the motor rotor 11 drives the rotating sleeve 1 to rotate at high speed, and the metal powder is heated and plasticized under friction, and finally deposited on the substrate, thereby realizing the friction deposition additive process.

[0037] Although the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can make many modifications without departing from the purpose of the present invention, all of which are within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric spindle device for coaxial powder feeding friction deposition additive manufacturing, characterized in that: Including electric spindle system and feeding system; The electric spindle system comprises a spindle housing (12), a rotating sleeve (1) is coaxially arranged inside the spindle housing (12), a shaft shoulder step surface is arranged inside the spindle housing (12), an inner end cover (9) is arranged at the shaft shoulder step surface, and the inner end cover (9) divides the spindle housing (12) into a lower part and an upper part in the axial direction; A first bearing group (4) and a first bearing group cooling water jacket (5) are coaxially arranged in sequence from inside to outside in the radial direction between the lower part of the main shaft housing (12) and the rotating shaft sleeve (1), and the axial positioning of the first bearing group (4) and the first bearing group cooling water jacket (5) is achieved by an inner end cover (9), a bushing and a nut, and an outer end cover (2) arranged at the lower end of the main shaft housing (12); A motor rotor (11), a motor stator (10) and a motor stator cooling water jacket (34) are coaxially arranged in order from inside to outside in the radial direction between the upper part of the main shaft housing (12), the motor stator (10) and the motor stator cooling water jacket (34); the motor rotor (11) and the rotating sleeve (1) are interference fit, and the axial positioning of the motor rotor (11) is achieved by a positioning shoulder arranged on the rotating sleeve (1), and the motor stator cooling water jacket (34) is fixed to the inner end cover (9); The lower end of the rotating sleeve (1) is provided with a closed conical shoulder (33); The feeding system comprises a feeding mechanism, a moving mechanism, and a second bearing group (26), a second bearing group cooling water jacket (30), and a feeding sleeve (28) which are arranged in the rotating sleeve (1) and are coaxially arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside in the radial direction; the lower part of the feeding sleeve (28) is sleeved with a heating coil (32) and is provided with a water jacket positioning shoulder, the second bearing group cooling water jacket (30) is fixed to the water jacket positioning shoulder, and the axial positioning of the second bearing group (26) is achieved by the water jacket positioning shoulder, the sleeve, and the round nut (25) arranged on the second bearing group cooling water jacket (30); the lower end of the feeding sleeve (28) is a tapered sleeve structure that matches the shoulder (33); The feeding mechanism comprises a barrel (14) fixed on the top of the spindle housing (12), a funnel (13) being arranged inside the barrel (14); the bottom of the funnel (13) is embedded in the upper end of the feeding sleeve (28), a fixing seat (15) is installed at the top of the barrel (14); a feeding screw (24) is arranged inside the feeding sleeve (28), the top end of the feeding screw (24) is connected to the motor (19) through a coupling (22), and a check valve (31) is arranged at the bottom end of the feeding screw (24); The moving mechanism comprises a moving support frame (21) arranged in the fixed seat (15), a plurality of longitudinal guide shafts (17) fixed by the fixed seat (15), and a linear bearing (16) is provided between the moving support frame (21) and each longitudinal guide shaft (17); the motor (19) is fixed on the moving support frame (21), and a rotating bearing is provided between the output shaft of the motor and the moving support frame (21); a pressure cover (20) is also fixed on the moving support frame (21), and the pressure cover (20) is provided with a central threaded hole; an electric cylinder (18) is provided at the upper end of the fixed seat (15), and a piston head of the electric cylinder (18) is connected to the central threaded hole of the pressure cover (20).

2. The electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the spindle housing (12) is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are respectively connected to the cooling water channel of the first bearing group cooling water jacket (5) and the cooling water channel of the motor stator cooling water jacket (34); the outer rotating surface of the feeding sleeve (28) is provided with a cooling water channel, and the upper end of the second bearing group cooling water jacket (30) is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are connected to the cooling water channel; the barrel (14) is provided with a feed port.

3. The electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft head at the top of the feeding screw (24) is an optical axis, and an angular contact ball bearing (23) is provided between the movable support frame (21) and the optical axis.

4. The electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bearing group (4) comprises four groups of angular contact ball bearings and double-row cylindrical roller bearings; the four groups of angular contact ball bearings are mounted on the lower part of the rotating shaft sleeve (1) and the cooling water jacket (5) of the first bearing group to withstand axial tension and pressure; the double-row cylindrical roller bearings are mounted on the upper part of the rotating shaft sleeve (1) and the cooling water jacket (5) of the first bearing group to withstand radial force; the double-row cylindrical roller bearings and adjacent angular contact ball bearings are positioned by the bushing, the inner rings of the bearings at both ends of the first bearing group (4) are fixed by the nuts, and the outer rings of the bearings at both ends of the first bearing group (4) are pressed by the outer end cover (2) and the inner end cover (9).

5. The electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second bearing group (26) comprises two groups of angular contact ball bearings respectively mounted on the upper and lower ends of the feed sleeve (28) and the second bearing group cooling water jacket (30), and the two groups of angular contact ball bearings at the lower end and the two groups of angular contact ball bearings at the upper end are axially positioned by the sleeve.

6. The electric spindle device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the feeding mechanism, the motor (19) drives the feeding screw (24) to rotate through the coupling (22), thereby completing the feeding process; in the moving mechanism, the linear bearing (16) moves on the longitudinal guide shaft (17), thereby driving the moving support frame (21) to move up and down.

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