Method for processing radial low-rigidity parts

Abstract

The application is a kind of processing method of radial low-rigidity parts, belonging to the field of mechanical processing and manufacturing; according to the structural features of the parts to be processed, a process handle frame is designed to compactly envelope the three-dimensional direction main structure of the parts; according to the process design, the parts of the process handle frame model that interfere with the processing route are removed, and the support connection between the process handle frame and the parts is retained at the parts' weak rigidity positions; the process handle and the parts are sequentially subjected to rough processing, aging treatment, semi-finishing, aging treatment and finishing; finally, the process handle is removed, and the processing of the parts is completed. The process handle of the application envelopes the main structure of the parts in three dimensions, which not only facilitates clamping and positioning, but also simplifies the design and processing of the tooling; the parts are subjected to more symmetrical force, and the stress concentration phenomenon is reduced; the process handle with a closed structure supports multiple weak positions of the parts; the application has higher rigidity, and has a self-shaping function, avoiding deformation of the parts after disassembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing and manufacturing, and specifically relates to a processing method for radially low-rigidity parts. Background Technology

[0002] Radial parts have irregular structures and poor rigidity, making them difficult to clamp and position during machining. They are also prone to deformation after machining, making it difficult to guarantee machining accuracy.

[0003] In the existing technology, the conventional processing method of using a pressure plate and special tooling will increase the design and processing difficulty of the tooling, increase the clamping and processing time of the parts, and cause the parts to be deformed after disassembly, thus failing to meet the processing requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved:

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for machining radially shaped low-rigidity parts, solving the technical problems of difficult machining caused by the complex structure, poor rigidity, difficulty in clamping, and easy deformation during machining of radially shaped parts. This invention designs a three-dimensional enveloping process handle to enclose the three-dimensional main structure of the part, and then machines the part and process handle structure (connected by multiple support points). The process handle facilitates clamping and positioning, enhances the rigidity of the part, reduces deformation, and continuously reduces the constraint of the process handle on the part during machining. Combined with aging treatment, residual stress is gradually released, ultimately ensuring the machining accuracy of the part.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: a method for processing radially low-rigidity parts, characterized by the following specific steps:

[0007] Step 1: Based on the structural characteristics of the part to be processed, design a process handle frame that can compactly enclose the main structure of the part in three dimensions;

[0008] Step 2: Remove the parts on the process handle frame model that interfere with the machining path according to the process design, and retain the support connection between the process handle frame and the part in the parts with poor rigidity;

[0009] Step 3: Based on the model design of the part to be processed and the process handle frame, perform rough machining on the blank. The support connection strength between the process handle frame and the part should meet the rigidity requirements of the part under the large cutting force of rough machining.

[0010] Step 4: Perform aging treatment on the parts rough-machined in Step 3 to release stress;

[0011] Step 5: semi-finishing of the part; according to the strength required by the cutting force during semi-finishing, the supporting connection between the process handle and the part is reduced, the rigidity of the part is ensured, the deformation of the part is limited, and the stress release of the process handle to the part is reduced;

[0012] Step 6: aging treatment of the part after semi-finishing in step 5, stress is released again;

[0013] Step 7: finishing of the part; according to the strength required by the cutting force during finishing, the supporting connection between the process handle and the part is further reduced, and the stress release of the process handle to the part is further reduced;

[0014] Step 8: remove the process handle, complete the part processing.

[0015] Further technical solutions of the application are: in step 1, the outer contour of the process handle frame is a cuboid structure, which is convenient for positioning and clamping of the enveloped part; the positioning surface of the process handle frame is coplanar with the main reference surface of the part or the surface suitable as a positioning reference, and is connected with the part with poor rigidity.

[0016] Further technical solutions of the application are: the process handle frame is a circumferentially closed structure, and the part is enveloped inside.

[0017] Further technical solutions of the application are: the inner positioning surface of the process handle frame is parallel to the cuboid bottom surface of the outer contour.

[0018] Further technical solutions of the application are: in step 2, the process handle frame is subjected to weight reduction treatment, and the unnecessary part is removed.

[0019] Advantages

[0020] The application has the advantages that:

[0021] 1. Compared with the traditional process handle, the process handle of the application envelops the main structure of the part in three dimensions, which is convenient for clamping and positioning, and simplifies the design and processing of the tooling; the process handle of the application envelops the part as a whole, so that the part is subjected to more symmetrical force and the stress concentration phenomenon is reduced; the process handle with a closed structure of the application supports multiple weak parts of the part, compared with the traditional machining method of supporting by an open process handle, the application has higher rigidity, and has a self-shaping function, avoiding deformation of the part after disassembly.

[0022] 2. The part and the process handle are milled separately during machining, without completely milling the part effective structure, which reduces the workload and improves the machining efficiency.

[0023] 3. In the rough, semi-finish, finish machining process, as the cutting force decreases, the process handle gradually reduces the support connection of the part, and inserts the heat treatment aging, ensures the rigidity while gradually reducing the stress release constraint of the process handle to the part, so as to ensure that the final machining precision of the part is not lost; the present application can increase or decrease the number of semi-finish machining and aging treatment according to the complexity and precision of the part.

[0024] 4. The machining method of the present application is suitable for parts made of steel, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy and other metals, and has wide application range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a certain radial low-rigidity part in the embodiment, (a) is a three-dimensional view Figure One , (b) is a three-dimensional view Figure Two .

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional tooling and process handle, a is a punch tooling for positioning the bottom of the part, b is a concave die tooling for positioning the top of the part, c is a schematic diagram of the punch tooling cooperating with the part, and d is a schematic diagram of the concave die tooling after cooperating with the part.

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional envelope process handle frame in the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of rough machining of the part in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of semi-finish machining of the part in the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of finish machining of the part in the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1. tooling, 2. open process handle, 3. easy closing position, 4. easy collapse position, 5. process handle frame, 6. weight reduction position, 7. weight reduction position, 8. weight reduction position, 9. easy closing position, 10. support connection position between the process handle and the part, 11. support connection position between the process handle and the part, 12. support connection position between the process handle and the part, 13. support connection position between the process handle and the part, 14. support connection position between the process handle and the part, 15. support connection position between the process handle and the part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0034] Figure 1 The structure of a part of the embodiment is shown, which is radial, has more hollows, poor rigidity, and complex structure, and neither the upper part nor the lower part has a large flat surface for convenient clamping and positioning. The conventional machining method of the pressing plate matched with the special tool 1 is used, such as Figure 2 As shown, the tool 1 is difficult to design and process, and the part is difficult to clamp and machine. Meanwhile, since the six process handles 2 are in an open form, the part is prone to deformation in a free state after disassembly.

[0035] The specific steps of machining the part shown in Figure 1 are as follows:

[0036] Firstly, according to the structural characteristics of the part, a process handle frame 5 capable of compactly enveloping the three-dimensional direction main structure of the part is designed, which is required to be in a square frame shape, capable of enveloping the part and convenient for positioning and clamping; the positioning surface of the process handle frame 5 is coplanar with the main reference surface of the part (such as the I surface of Figure 1 ) or the surface suitable for being a positioning reference (such as the II surface of Figure 1 ), and the process handle frame 5 is connected with the part at the positions with poor rigidity, such as the easy closing position 3, the easy collapse position 4 and the easy closing position 9 shown in Figure 3 . Since the process handle frame 5 is a closed structure, it has a self-correcting effect on the part, and will not be deformed after disassembly.

[0037] Secondly, according to the process design requirements, part of the process handle model 6 is removed to avoid interference with the machining route, and the support connection between the process handle frame 5 and the part at the positions with poor rigidity, i.e. the easy closing position 3, the easy collapse position 4 and the easy closing position 9, is retained. If the size of the process handle is large, unnecessary entities can be appropriately removed at the process handle model 7 to reduce the weight and facilitate assembly and disassembly, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0038] Third step, according to the model design of the part and the process handle, the blank is rough machined, since the cutting force is large during rough machining, the support connection position 10, 11 between the process handle and the part should be relatively thick, the part has a large excess amount from the process handle, which ensures that the part is rigid enough under the large cutting force of rough machining, as shown in Figure 4 .

[0039] Fourth step, the part is subjected to aging heat treatment to release stress.

[0040] Fifth step, the part is subjected to semi-finishing, since the cutting force is small during semi-finishing, the support connection position 12, 13 between the process handle and the part can be reduced at this time, as shown in Figure 5 , to ensure the rigidity of the part, limit the deformation of the part, and at the same time reduce the restriction of the process handle on the stress release of the part.

[0041] Sixth step, the part is subjected to aging heat treatment again to release stress.

[0042] Seventh step, the part is subjected to finishing, under the condition that the finishing has relatively low requirements for the rigidity of the part, the support connection position 14, 15 between the process handle and the part is further reduced to minimize the restriction of the process handle on the stress release of the part, as shown in Figure 6 .

[0043] Eighth step, the process handle is removed by wire cutting or other methods, and the part machining is completed.

[0044] Preferably, the process handle frame is a circumferentially closed structure, which envelopes the part.

[0045] Preferably, the outer contour of the process handle frame is a cuboid structure.

[0046] Preferably, the inner positioning surface of the process handle frame is parallel to the cuboid bottom surface of the outer contour thereof.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-described embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present application within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of machining a radial low-rigidity part, characterized in that The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: according to the structural features of the part to be machined, a process handle frame capable of compactly enveloping the three-dimensional direction main structure of the part is designed; the outer contour of the process handle frame is a cuboid structure, facilitating the positioning and clamping of the enveloped part; the positioning surface of the process handle frame is coplanar with the main reference surface of the part or the surface suitable for positioning reference, and is connected with the part with poor rigidity; Step 2: according to the process design, remove the part of the process handle frame model that interferes with the machining route, and keep the support connection between the process handle frame and the part at the part with poor rigidity; Step 3: according to the model design of the part to be machined and the process handle frame, rough machining is performed on the blank; the support connection strength between the process handle frame and the part should meet the rigidity requirement of the part under the large cutting force of rough machining; Step 4: the part after step 3 rough machining is subjected to aging treatment to release stress; Step 5: semi-finishing machining is performed on the part; according to the strength requirement of the cutting force during semi-finishing machining, the support connection between the process handle and the part is reduced to ensure the rigidity of the part, limit the deformation of the part, and at the same time reduce the restriction of the process handle on the stress release of the part; Step 6: the part after step 5 semi-finishing machining is subjected to aging treatment to release stress again; Step 7: the part is subjected to finishing machining; according to the strength requirement of the cutting force during finishing machining, the support connection between the process handle and the part is further reduced to reduce the constraint of the process handle on the stress release of the part; Step 8: remove the process handle to complete the part machining.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: The process handle frame is a circumferentially closed structure, enveloping the part inside.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: The inner positioning surface of the process handle frame is parallel to the cuboid bottom surface of its outer contour.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: In step 2, the process handle frame is subjected to weight reduction treatment to remove unnecessary parts.

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