positioning mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a positioning mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of positioning assistance and comprises a positioning assembly and a carrier assembly. The positioning assembly comprises a positioning main body and a plurality of first positioning bosses fixed to the top surface of the positioning main body, and a first positioning groove is formed between two adjacent first positioning bosses. The carrier assembly comprises a shell and a plurality of second positioning bosses. The shell is a hollow structure with an open bottom end. The second positioning bosses are located in the shell and are fixed to the top wall of the shell. The shell is used for fixing products to be positioned. The shell is sleeved on at least part of the positioning main body, and the second positioning bosses are arranged in the first positioning groove and abut against the first positioning bosses. The positioning mechanism has high repeated positioning precision, thereby guaranteeing the dimensional precision of processed products and reducing the waste product rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of positioning assistance technology, and in particular to a positioning mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] During the machining process on a CNC machine tool, a positioning device is needed to position the product to ensure the accuracy of the machining.

[0003] In the prior art, the positioning mechanism includes a base and a carrier detachably connected to the base. The top surface of the base has a first positioning groove, and the surface of the carrier facing the base has a positioning protrusion that cooperates with the first positioning groove. When the product needs to be positioned, the product is fixed on the carrier, and then the carrier is controlled to move closer to the base and align the positioning protrusion with the first positioning groove. Then the positioning protrusion is locked in the first positioning groove, thereby realizing the positioning of the product.

[0004] Because the first positioning groove is directly exposed, and there is a gap between the base and the carrier after they are assembled, cutting fluid and impurities generated during CNC machine tool processing can enter the first positioning groove through the gap and remain there. This causes the positioning accuracy to decrease or even fail when the base positions the product again, resulting in reduced dimensional accuracy of the processed product and increased scrap rate. In other words, the positioning mechanism in the prior art cannot achieve repeated positioning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a positioning mechanism that can repeatedly position itself with high positioning accuracy, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the processed products and reducing the scrap rate.

[0006] Based on the above concept, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0007] Positioning mechanisms, including:

[0008] The positioning component includes a positioning body and a plurality of first positioning bosses fixed on the top surface of the positioning body, wherein a first positioning groove is formed between two adjacent first positioning bosses.

[0009] The carrier assembly includes a housing and a plurality of second positioning bosses. The housing has a hollow structure and an opening at the bottom. The second positioning bosses are located inside the housing and fixed to the top wall of the housing. The housing is used to fix the product to be positioned.

[0010] The housing is fitted over at least a portion of the positioning body, and the second positioning boss is placed in the first positioning groove and abuts against the first positioning boss.

[0011] Optionally, the second positioning boss includes a boss portion and two elastic portions respectively fixed to both sides of the boss portion. The boss portion is fixed to the housing, and the elastic portions abut against the first positioning boss.

[0012] Optionally, the elastic portion has inclined surfaces that are opposite and parallel to each other in the thickness direction of the boss portion, and the elastic portion has a deformation hole. The two elastic portions are located on both sides in the length direction of the boss portion, and the deformation hole penetrates the elastic portion along the width direction of the boss portion.

[0013] Optionally, the deformable hole is a parallelogram-shaped hole, and the hole wall of the deformable hole is parallel to the inclined side.

[0014] Optionally, the elastic part has a first positioning slope for contacting the first positioning boss, the first positioning boss has a second positioning slope for contacting the first positioning slope, the included angle between the first positioning slopes of the two elastic parts connected to the same boss is a first included angle, the included angle between the second positioning slopes of two adjacent first positioning bosses and opposite each other is a second included angle, and the first included angle is 0.4 to 0.7 degrees larger than the second included angle.

[0015] Optionally, the boss portion has a positioning surface, which is a plane and contacts the top surface of the positioning body.

[0016] Optionally, the vehicle assembly further includes a connecting block located within the housing and fixed to the top wall of the housing, wherein the second positioning boss is fixed to the connecting block.

[0017] Optionally, the vehicle assembly further includes a positioning pin, and the housing and the connecting block each have positioning holes, with the positioning pin passing through the positioning holes of the housing and the connecting block.

[0018] Optionally, one of the outer sidewall of the positioning body and the inner sidewall of the housing has a guide groove, and the other has a guide block that matches the guide groove. The guide groove extends along the axial direction of the positioning body or the housing and extends to the top surface of the positioning body or the bottom surface of the housing. The guide block is disposed in the guide groove.

[0019] Optionally, the outer side wall of the housing is provided with a second positioning groove and a clamping position. The length direction of the second positioning groove is parallel to the axial direction of the housing, and the clamping position is an annular groove provided on the housing along the circumference of the housing.

[0020] Optionally, it further includes a locking component and an elastic element. The locking component includes a movable element movably installed within the positioning component and a sliding block pushed and slid by the movable element. The elastic element is located within the positioning component, with one end of the elastic element abutting against the movable element and the other end of the elastic element abutting against the top wall of the positioning component. An inner pull ring is provided on the inner sidewall of the housing, and the sliding block abuts against the inner pull ring under the push of the elastic force of the elastic element.

[0021] Optionally, the positioning assembly further includes a base sealed to the positioning body, the positioning body and the base forming an inner cavity, the elastic member being disposed in the inner cavity, an air cavity being formed between the movable member and the base, and the base having an air inlet communicating with the air cavity, the gas in the air cavity being able to push the movable member to move axially in the positioning body, so as to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member and pull the sliding block out from the inner pull ring.

[0022] Optionally, the movable component includes a piston module and a return pin fixed to the piston module at one end. One end of the sliding block has a first through hole, and the return pin passes through the first through hole. The axis of the return pin intersects with the axis of the piston module. The piston module and the base form the air chamber. The piston module drives the sliding block to move through the return pin.

[0023] Optionally, four second positioning protrusions are provided, arranged in a cross shape, and four corresponding first positioning slots are provided. Each of the four second positioning protrusions corresponds one-to-one with one of the four first positioning slots, and each second positioning protrusion is placed within its corresponding first positioning slot.

[0024] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The positioning mechanism provided by this invention has a housing fitted over a positioning body. A first positioning boss is located on the top surface of the positioning body, and a second positioning boss is located inside the housing. This allows the first and second positioning bosses to be positioned within the space formed by the housing and the positioning body when the positioning assembly positions the carrier assembly. This enables the housing to shield the first positioning groove, preventing cutting fluid, impurities, etc., generated during machine tool processing from entering the first positioning groove, thus ensuring the cleanliness of the first positioning groove. Consequently, when positioning the carrier assembly again, higher positioning accuracy can be achieved, ensuring the accuracy of repeated positioning by the positioning mechanism, thereby guaranteeing the dimensional accuracy of the processed products and reducing the scrap rate. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional positioning mechanism provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional positioning mechanism provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view of the positioning mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view of the positioning mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 The AA section view shown;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism (without showing the housing) provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a top view of the positioning body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the shell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting block and the second positioning boss provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a front view of the connecting block and the second positioning boss provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the piston module provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning assembly with a first positioning groove and a sliding hole provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of the positioning body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sliding block provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] In the picture:

[0044] 1. Positioning component; 10. First positioning groove; 11. Positioning body; 111. Guide groove; 1111. Flared mouth; 12. First positioning boss; 121. Second positioning inclined surface; 13. Base; 131. Air inlet; 14. Inner cavity; 15. Sliding hole; 2. Carrier component; 21. Housing; 211. Guide block; 212. Second positioning groove; 213. Clamping position; 214. Threaded hole; 215. Inner pull ring; 22. Second positioning boss; 221. Boss part; 2211. Positioning surface; 222. Elastic part; 2221. 2222, 2223, 2223, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 20, 20, 21, 2222, 2223, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 20, 20, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 20, 20, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 20, 20, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 20, 20, 21, 22, 20, 20, 21, 22, 20, 20, 21, 22, 20, 20, 21, 22, 20, 20, 20, 21, 22, 20, 20, 20, 21, 22, 20, 20, 20, 21, 22, 20, 20, 20, 21, 20 ... Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0046] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0049] This embodiment provides a positioning mechanism that is reusable and has high positioning accuracy, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the processed products and reducing the scrap rate.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning component 1 and a carrier component 2.

[0051] The aforementioned positioning component 1 includes a positioning body 11 and a plurality of first positioning protrusions 12 fixed to the top surface of the positioning body 11. The plurality of first positioning protrusions 12 are spaced apart around the axis of the positioning body 11 on the top surface of the positioning body 11. And as... Figure 8 As shown, a first positioning groove 10 is formed between two adjacent first positioning protrusions 12 in the circumferential direction of the positioning body 11. Here, "multiple" specifically refers to two or more. For example, the positioning component 1 in this embodiment has four first positioning protrusions 12, and the four first positioning protrusions 12 form four first positioning grooves 10.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the carrier assembly 2 includes a housing 21 and a plurality of second positioning bosses 22. The housing 21 is a hollow structure with an open bottom. The second positioning bosses 22 are located inside the housing 21 and fixed to the top wall of the housing 21. The housing 21 is used to fix the product to be positioned. In some embodiments, the product to be positioned is fixed to the outer side of the top wall of the housing 21. It should be noted that in this embodiment, "a plurality" specifically refers to two or more.

[0053] Please continue reading Figure 5The housing 21 is fitted over at least a portion of the positioning body 11, and the second positioning boss 22 is placed in the first positioning groove 10 and abuts against the first positioning boss 12 to achieve positioning of the carrier assembly 2 by the positioning component 1. In this embodiment, when there are multiple second positioning bosses 22, each of the multiple second positioning bosses 22 corresponds one-to-one with a multiple first positioning groove 10, and each second positioning boss 22 is placed in its corresponding first positioning groove 10 and abuts against the two first positioning bosses 12 forming the first positioning groove 10. When there is only one second positioning boss 22, the single second positioning boss 22 can be placed in any one of the first positioning grooves 10.

[0054] The positioning mechanism provided in this embodiment has a housing 21 sleeved outside the positioning body 11, a first positioning boss 12 located on the top surface of the positioning body 11, and a second positioning boss 22 located inside the housing 21. This allows the first positioning boss 12 and the second positioning boss 22 to be located within the space formed by the housing 21 and the positioning body 11 when the positioning component 1 positions the carrier component 2. This allows the housing 21 to shield the first positioning groove 10, preventing cutting fluid, impurities, etc. generated during machine tool processing from entering the first positioning groove 10, thus ensuring the cleanliness of the first positioning groove 10. Consequently, when positioning the carrier component 2 again, higher positioning accuracy can be achieved, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the processed product and reducing the scrap rate.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11 As shown, there are four second positioning protrusions 22, which are arranged in a cross shape, and as... Figure 8 As shown, there are four first positioning slots 10, and four second positioning protrusions 22 correspond one-to-one with the four first positioning slots 10, and each second positioning protrusion 22 is placed in the first positioning slot 10 corresponding to it.

[0056] Optionally, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second positioning boss 22 includes a boss portion 221 and two elastic portions 222 respectively fixed to both sides of the boss portion 221. In this embodiment, the boss portion 221 is block-shaped and has a length direction, a width direction, and a thickness direction. The width direction of the boss portion 221 is parallel to the radial direction of the housing 21, the thickness direction of the boss portion 221 is parallel to the axial direction of the housing 21, and the length direction of the boss portion 221 is perpendicular to both its width and thickness directions. The two elastic portions 222 are located on both sides of the boss portion 221 along its length direction. The boss portion 221 is used to fix the housing 21; specifically, the top surface or top surface of the boss portion 221 is used to fix the housing 21, and the elastic portions 222 are used to abut against the first positioning boss 12. The two elastic portions 222 fixed to one boss portion 221 abut against the two first positioning bosses 12 forming a first positioning groove 10.

[0057] In this embodiment, the elastic part 222 has a certain elastic deformation function, which facilitates the insertion of the second positioning boss 22 into the first positioning groove 10. After the second positioning boss 22 is located in the first positioning groove 10, the first positioning boss 12 can tightly abut against the second positioning boss 22. It should be noted that the elastic part 222 has a large elastic modulus, which prevents the product from easily deforming during processing, thereby ensuring positioning accuracy.

[0058] Optionally, please see Figure 11 The elastic portion 222 has inclined surfaces 2221 that are opposite and parallel to each other in the thickness direction of the boss portion 221, that is, in Figure 12 As shown, both the top and bottom surfaces of the elastic portion 222 are inclined, and the inclination directions of the top and bottom surfaces are consistent. Furthermore, the elastic portion 222 has a deformation hole 2222, which penetrates the elastic portion 222 along the width direction of the boss portion 221. By providing the inclined surface 2221 and the elastic portion 222, when the second positioning boss 22 is inserted into the first positioning groove 10, it facilitates the deformation of the elastic portion 222 and prevents breakage due to deformation. When the second positioning boss 22 is pressed into the first positioning groove 10, the first positioning boss 12 compresses the elastic portion 222, changing the shape of the deformation hole 2222. This makes it easier to press the second positioning boss 22 into the first positioning groove 10 and reduces the risk of damage to the second positioning boss 22 and the first positioning boss 12 due to hard contact.

[0059] In this embodiment, the deformable hole 2222 is a parallelogram hole, and the hole wall of the deformable hole 2222 is parallel to the inclined side 2221. That is, the slope of the deformable hole 2222 is the same as the angle of the inclined side 2221.

[0060] Furthermore, the elastic portion 222 has a first positioning ramp 2223 for contacting the first positioning boss 12, and the first positioning boss 12 has a second positioning ramp 121 for contacting the first positioning ramp 2223. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the included angle between the first positioning inclined surfaces 2223 of the two elastic parts 222 connecting the same boss 221 is the first included angle α, as... Figure 7As shown, the included angle between two adjacent first positioning protrusions 12 and opposite second positioning inclined surfaces 121 is the second included angle b. The first included angle a is 0.4 to 0.7 degrees larger than the second included angle b, preferably 0.5 degrees larger than the second included angle. By setting the first included angle a to be 0.4 to 0.7 degrees larger than the second included angle b, the first positioning inclined surface 2223 undergoes slight elastic deformation during the process of the first positioning protrusion 12 being pressed into the first positioning groove 10, and completely fits with the second positioning inclined surface 121, thereby achieving precise positioning of the vehicle assembly in the X and Y directions. The protrusion portion 221 has a positioning surface 2211, which is a plane and contacts the top surface of the positioning body 11, so as to enable precise positioning in the Z direction.

[0061] In this embodiment, the distance between the deformable hole 2222 and the first positioning inclined surface 2223 and the inclined surface 2221 is 0.5mm, that is, the wall thickness of the elastic part 222 is 0.5mm; and the width of the deformable hole 2222 is twice the distance between the deformable hole 2222 and the inclined surface 2221, and the length of the deformable hole 2222 is five times the distance between the deformable hole 2222 and the inclined surface 2221.

[0062] Optionally, the elastic part 222 also has multiple process fillets to further prevent the second positioning boss 22 from breaking due to deformation.

[0063] In this embodiment, the carrier assembly 2 further includes a connecting block 23 located inside the housing 21 and fixed to the top wall of the housing 21. The second positioning boss 22 is fixed to the connecting block 23, that is, the second positioning boss 22 is fixed to the housing 21 through the connecting block 23. More specifically, the connecting block 23 is threadedly connected to the housing 21 by bolts 26. The housing 21 has a threaded hole 214. The bolts 26 pass through the second positioning boss 22 and the connecting block 23 in sequence and are screwed into the threaded hole 214.

[0064] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, vehicle assembly 2 also includes a locating pin 24, such as Figure 10 As shown, the housing 21 and the connecting block 23 each have positioning holes 25. Positioning pins 24 are inserted into the positioning holes 25 of the housing 21 and the connecting block 23 to achieve positioning of the housing 21 and the connecting block 23, thereby achieving positioning of the housing 21 and the second positioning boss 22. In this embodiment, multiple positioning pins 24 can be provided to ensure the positioning effect.

[0065] Optionally, to facilitate installation, the positioning pin 24 and positioning hole 25, and the second positioning boss 22 and first positioning groove 10 can be directly aligned. One of the outer wall of the positioning body 11 and the inner wall of the housing 21 has a guide groove 111, and the other has a guide block 211 that matches the guide groove. The guide groove 111 extends axially along the positioning body 11 or housing 21, and one end of the guide groove 111 extends to the top surface of the positioning body 11 or the bottom surface of the housing 21. The guide block 211 is slidably disposed in the guide groove 111. It should be noted that the top surface of the positioning body 11 and the bottom surface of the housing 21 are positioned such that the positioning mechanism is in the correct position. Figure 3 or Figure 5 This refers to the state shown. For example... Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the guide groove 111 is provided on the side wall of the positioning body 11, and the guide block 211 is provided on the inner side wall of the housing 21.

[0066] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the opening of the guide groove 111 near the top surface of the positioning body 11 is funnel-shaped, which facilitates the guide block 211 to enter the guide groove 111 to achieve pre-positioning. When the guide block 211 enters the lower section of the guide groove 111, it can achieve coarse positioning of the carrier assembly 2.

[0067] In this embodiment, multiple guide grooves 111 and guide blocks 211 are provided, and the guide grooves 111 and guide blocks 211 are spaced 90 degrees apart. The carrier assembly 2 can be installed and positioned by rotating 90 degrees multiple times along the Z-axis. It should be noted that the Z-axis is parallel to the axis of the positioning assembly 1.

[0068] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The outer wall of the housing 21 is provided with a second positioning groove 212 and a clamping position 213. The clamping position 213 is used for clamping by a robotic arm or machine, and the second positioning groove 212 is used for orientation and anti-rotation during clamping. More specifically, the length direction of the second positioning groove 212 is parallel to the axial direction of the housing 21, that is, the second positioning groove 212 extends along the axial direction of the housing 21. In some embodiments, the second positioning groove 212 is racetrack-shaped and has multiple positions spaced apart. The clamping position 213 is an annular groove provided on the housing 21 circumferentially for easy clamping. It should be noted that neither the second positioning groove 212 nor the clamping position 213 penetrates the side wall of the housing 21.

[0069] Optionally, the positioning component 1 also has an inner cavity 14 and a sliding hole 15, the sliding hole 15 being formed in the side wall of the positioning component 1 and communicating with the inside and outside of the positioning component 1. The inner side wall of the housing 21 is provided with an inner pull ring 215, such as... Figure 5As shown, the locking assembly 3 includes a movable member 31 movably mounted in the inner cavity 14 and a sliding block 32 pushed by the movable member 31 to slide within the sliding hole 15. The sliding block 32 can abut against the inner pull ring 215 to lock the carrier assembly 2 axially in the positioning assembly 1. It should be noted that the movable member 31 can move axially in the inner cavity 14 along the positioning assembly 1, thereby pushing the sliding block 32 to slide in the sliding hole 15 to engage with the inner pull ring 215 on the inner sidewall of the housing 21, thus realizing the connection between the housing 21 and the positioning assembly 1.

[0070] The positioning mechanism provided in this embodiment limits the positioning component 1 and the carrier component 2 not only through the friction between the second positioning boss 22 and the first positioning groove 10 in the axial direction, but also through the sliding block 32 of the locking component 3 passing through the sliding hole 15 of the positioning component 1 and locking into the inner pull ring 215 of the housing 21 for limitation. This achieves dual fixation and limitation of the carrier component 2 by the positioning component 1, reduces the probability of the carrier component 2 moving relative to the positioning component 1 in the axial direction of the positioning component 1 during product processing, improves the reliability of positioning the product, and reduces the risk of product damage.

[0071] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the positioning mechanism also includes an elastic element 4 located in the inner cavity 14, with the axis of the elastic element 4 parallel to the axis of the positioning assembly 1. One end of the elastic element 4 abuts against the movable member 31, and the other end of the elastic element 4 abuts against the top wall of the positioning assembly 1, allowing the movable member 31 and the positioning assembly 1 to elastically abut against each other. The sliding block 32 abuts against the inner pull ring 215 under the push of the elastic force of the elastic element 4, realizing the connection between the positioning body 11 and the outer shell 21. That is, the elastic element 4 is always in a compressed state and provides a force to the sliding block 32 to abut against the inner pull ring 215, so that the sliding block 32 and the shell 21 can fit tightly together. In some embodiments, the inner pull ring 215 axially limits the sliding block 32 in the positioning assembly 1 to form a double limit on the sliding block 32, improving the effect of axially limiting the shell 21. Optionally, the elastic element 4 can be a spring, and one or more can be provided.

[0072] It should be noted that the top surface of the positioning body 11 has a groove structure, and the other end of the elastic element 4 is located in the groove structure to prevent the elastic element 4 from failing.

[0073] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the positioning assembly 1 includes a positioning body 11 and a base 13 sealed to the bottom end of the positioning body 11. The first positioning groove 10 is provided on the top surface of the positioning body 11, the sliding hole 15 is provided on the side wall of the positioning body 11, and the inner cavity 14 is formed by the positioning body 11 and the base 13.

[0074] Please continue reading Figure 5A relatively sealed air cavity 4 is formed between the movable part 31 and the base 13, and the base 13 has an air inlet 131 communicating with the air cavity 4. Gas can be introduced into the air cavity 4 through the air inlet 131. The gas in the air cavity 4 can push the movable part 31 to move axially in the positioning body 11, so as to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 4 and pull the sliding block 32 out of the inner pull ring 215. That is, the gas in the air cavity 4 can push the movable part 31 to move closer to the top wall of the positioning body 11, so as to pull the sliding block 32 out of the inner pull ring 215, thereby terminating the connection between the positioning body 11 and the outer shell 21 through the sliding block 32. Optionally, the air inlet 131 includes a vertical section and a horizontal section communicating with each other. The vertical section communicates with the air cavity 4. The horizontal section is connected to an external air source.

[0075] In this embodiment, when the carrier assembly 2 is removed from the positioning assembly 1, an external air source needs to be connected. Under the action of air pressure in the air chamber 4, the movable part 31 moves upward, causing the sliding block 32 to slide inward, thus releasing the connection between the positioning body 11 and the outer shell 21. At this time, the carrier assembly 2 can be removed from the positioning assembly 1. When the carrier assembly 2 and the positioning assembly 1 are in the connected positioning state, an external air source does not need to be connected. The elastic potential energy of the elastic element 4 alone pushes the piston module 311 downward and pushes the sliding block 32 outward to contact the inner pull ring 215, thereby realizing the positioning function.

[0076] Optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the movable component 31 includes a piston module 311 and a return pin 312 fixed to the piston module 311 at one end. One end of the sliding block 32 has a first through hole 321, and the other end of the return pin 312 passes through the first through hole 321. The axis of the return pin 312 intersects the axis of the piston module 311, which extends vertically. The return pin 312 is inclined so that when it moves up and down, it can drive the sliding block 32 to slide in the sliding hole 15 through the wall of the first through hole 321. An air cavity 4 is formed between the bottom of the piston module 311 and the base 13. The return pin 312 transmits the vertical movement of the piston module 311 to the approximate horizontal movement of the sliding block 32; that is, the piston module 311 drives the sliding block 32 to move via the return pin 312.

[0077] Furthermore, such as Figure 13As shown, the piston module 311 has an inclined contact surface 3111 located on the side wall of the piston module 311. The sliding hole 15 is an inclined hole, meaning that the axis of the sliding hole 15 is not completely perpendicular to the side wall of the positioning body 11, but rather forms an angle with it. Furthermore, the axis of the sliding hole 15 is perpendicular to the plane containing the contact surface 3111. One end of the sliding block 32 is engaged in the inner pull ring 215, and the other end of the sliding block 32 can abut against the contact surface 3111. In this embodiment, the other end of the sliding block 32 abutting against the contact surface 3111 means that the sliding block 32 is in contact with the contact surface 3111. In this embodiment, the distance between the contact surface 311 and the axis of the piston module 311 gradually decreases along the direction from the top to the bottom of the piston module 311. By setting the contact surface 3111, the other end of the sliding block 32 can always be in contact with the contact surface 3111 during the sliding process, preventing the sliding block 32 from sliding out of the sliding hole 15.

[0078] In this embodiment, as Figure 17 As shown, the sliding block 32 has an inclined curved surface 322, and the first through hole 321 is an inclined hole. The curved surface 322 is used to contact the contact surface 3111, and the curved surface 322 is bent towards the axis of the piston module 311. The inclination angle of the curved surface 322 is 1.5 to 2.5 degrees larger than the inclination angle of the first through hole 321, so that when the sliding block 32 retracts from the inner pull ring 215, the inner pull ring 215 can first release the curved surface 322, providing room for the return pin 312 to push the sliding block 32. Figure 17 In the middle, the sliding block 32 is used to contact the preset end face of the inner pull ring 215. The included angle between the curved surface 322 and the preset end face is the third included angle c. The included angle between the axis of the first through hole 321 and the preset end face is the fourth included angle d. The third included angle c is 1.5 to 2.5 degrees larger than the fourth included angle d, preferably 2 degrees larger.

[0079] In some embodiments, the preset end face includes an inclined pressing surface, and the inner pull ring 215 has an inclined inner pull ring action surface. When the sliding block 32 is located in the inner pull ring 215, the pressing surface and the inner pull ring action surface are in close contact. By setting the inclined inner pull ring action surface, it is easy for the sliding block 32 to be inserted into the inner pull ring 215.

[0080] Optionally, such as Figures 13 to 16As shown, the piston module 311 includes a piston 3112 and a sealing block 3113 fixed to the bottom end of the piston 3112. In this embodiment, the piston 3112 and the sealing block 3113 are connected by bolts. The piston 3112 has a limiting groove 3114 and an oblique hole 3115 communicating with the limiting groove 3114 on its surface facing the sealing block 3113. The piston 3112 is I-shaped, and the oblique hole 3115 and the limiting groove 3114 penetrate the horizontal portion of the bottom end of the piston 3112. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the oblique hole 3115 is the same as the inclination angle of the contact surface 3111. The return pin 312 includes a head and a rod connected to the head. The head is confined in the limiting groove 3114 and abuts against the sealing block 3113, so that the sealing block 3113 can push the head to move when it moves. The rod passes through the oblique hole 3115 and the first through hole 321. The axis of the rod is parallel to the axis of the oblique hole 3115, and the rod fits against the wall of the oblique hole 3115 to prevent the return pin 312 from shaking. An air cavity 4 is formed between the sealing block 3113 and the base 13. In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the sealing block 3113 has a gas groove, and the gas groove and the base 13 cooperate to form the air cavity 4.

[0081] In this embodiment, to ensure the airtightness of air chamber 4, such as Figure 5 As shown, the positioning mechanism also includes a first sealing ring 6, a second sealing ring 7, and a third sealing ring 8. The first sealing ring 6 is installed between the base 13 and the bottom end of the positioning component 1 to seal the gap between them. The second sealing ring 7 is installed between the sealing block 3113 and the side wall of the positioning component 1 to seal the gap between them. The third sealing ring 8 is installed between the sealing block 3113 and the piston 3112 to seal the gap between them. The distance between the third sealing ring 8 and the side wall of the positioning component 1 is less than the distance between the head and the side wall of the positioning component 1, allowing the second sealing ring 7 and the third sealing ring 8 to form a double seal, improving the sealing effect. It should be noted that the first sealing ring 6, the second sealing ring 7, and the third sealing ring 8 are all designed to ensure the sealing of the air chamber 4. In this embodiment, the first sealing ring 6, the second sealing ring 7 and the third sealing ring 8 are sealing rings, and the positions where the first sealing ring 6, the second sealing ring 7 and the third sealing ring 8 are installed are respectively provided with receiving groove structures. The side wall of the sealing block 3113 is provided with receiving grooves for accommodating the second sealing element 7.

[0082] Optionally, please see Figure 13 In order to facilitate the setting of the first sealing ring 6 and the positioning connection between the positioning body 11 and the base 13, the bottom end of the positioning body 11 has an outward protrusion, and there is a positioning pin between the outward protrusion and the base 13 for positioning and installation of the positioning body 11 and the base 13.

[0083] In this embodiment, to facilitate the assembly of the piston 3112 and the positioning assembly 1 and to prevent the piston 3112 from rotating, one of the side wall of the piston 3112 and the inner side wall of the positioning assembly 1 is provided with a piston guide groove, and the other is provided with a piston guide block that matches the piston guide groove. The piston guide block is slidably placed in the piston guide groove. The piston guide groove is provided on the side wall of the piston 3112, and the piston guide block is provided on the inner side wall of the positioning body 11. In this embodiment, multiple piston guide blocks are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the piston guide groove. The cross-section of the piston guide block is triangular.

[0084] In this embodiment, the inner sidewall of the positioning component 1 is also provided with a clearance groove. Specifically, the clearance groove is provided on the inner wall of the positioning body 11. The clearance groove is semi-cylindrical and extends along the axial direction of the positioning component 1. The clearance groove is used to avoid the other end of the return pin 312, so as to provide space for the movement of the return pin 312.

[0085] In this embodiment, the inner sidewall of the housing 21 is provided with a housing guide block, and the sidewall of the positioning body 11 is provided with a housing guide groove. The housing guide block is slidably placed in the housing guide groove so as to guide the housing 21 during the assembly of the positioning component 1.

[0086] When the positioning mechanism provided in this embodiment needs to position the carrier assembly 2, it connects to an external air source and fills the air cavity 4 with gas to push the movable part 31 upward and drive the sliding block 32 inward, that is, control the sliding block 32 to retract. Then, a robot or machine clamps the housing 21 through the second positioning groove 212 and the clamping position 213, and moves the housing 21 closer to the positioning body 11, so that the guide block 211 on the housing 21 is aligned with the guide groove 111. After that, the housing 21 is controlled to move closer to the positioning body 11 along the axial direction of the positioning body 11 (that is, the axial direction of the housing 21) so that it can be fitted onto the positioning body 11. The guide block 211 is initially positioned through the trumpet-shaped opening of the guide groove 111. As the housing 21 continues to move downward, the guide block 211 slides into the lower section of the guide groove 111. At the same time, the second positioning boss 22 is aligned with the first positioning groove 10. As the movement continues, the first positioning inclined surface 2223 of the elastic part 222 contacts the second positioning inclined surface 121 of the first positioning boss 12. Under the pressure of the first positioning boss 12, the elastic part 222 undergoes a slight deformation, specifically, the shape of the deformation hole 2222 changes, allowing the second positioning boss 22 to be smoothly pressed into the first positioning groove 10. Furthermore, the second positioning boss 22 enables precise positioning of the carrier assembly 2 in the X and Y directions. It should be noted that the gap between the boss part 221 and the bottom plane of the first positioning groove 10 is 0.3 to 0.5 mm. It should be noted that if the gap is greater than 0.5 mm, the deformation hole 2222 of the elastic part 222 will undergo large deformation, leading to damage to the elastic part 222. If the gap is less than 0.3 mm, the deformation hole 2222 will deform less, resulting in unstable positioning.

[0087] Afterwards, the connection with the external air source is disconnected, allowing the gas in the air chamber 4 to be discharged from the air inlet 131. At this time, under the action of the elastic potential energy of the elastic element 4, the sealing block 3113 and the piston 3112 are pushed away from the top wall of the positioning body 11. During the movement of the sealing block 3113 and the piston 3112, the head drives the rod to move closer to the positioning body 11, causing the rod to push the sliding block 32 to slide in the sliding hole 15 and move away from the piston 3112 until it extends into the inner pull ring 215 on the housing 21 and abuts against the inner pull ring 215, thus achieving the axial positioning of the carrier assembly 2 and the positioning assembly 1. At the same time, the locking assembly 3 applies force to the carrier assembly 2, causing the carrier assembly 2 to move downward. At this time, the gap between the boss 221 and the bottom plane of the first positioning groove 10 is 0, achieving the precise positioning of the carrier assembly 2 in the Z direction. When it is necessary to remove the carrier component 2, reconnect the external air source and fill the air cavity 4 with gas through the external air source to push the movable part 31 to move upward and drive the sliding block 32 to move inward. That is, control the sliding block 32 to retract, and then use a robotic arm or machine to clamp the housing 21 and drive the housing 21 away from the positioning body 11.

[0088] The housing 21 provided in this embodiment has a closed structure, which effectively prevents foreign objects from entering the interior of the housing 221 during processing, thereby preventing them from entering the first positioning groove 10. Furthermore, the elastic part 222 has a strong structure and can withstand greater processing forces, reducing the probability of damage to the second positioning boss 22 due to excessive processing force. In addition, the top wall of the housing 21 is provided with connecting screw holes, which can be used to connect commonly used clamping tools, making it highly adaptable.

[0089] The above embodiments merely illustrate the basic principles and characteristics of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positioning mechanism, characterized in that, include: The positioning component (1) includes a positioning body (11) and a plurality of first positioning bosses (12) fixed on the top surface of the positioning body (11), and a first positioning groove (10) is formed between two adjacent first positioning bosses (12). The carrier assembly (2) includes a housing (21) and a plurality of second positioning bosses (22). The housing (21) is a hollow structure with an open bottom. The second positioning bosses (22) are located inside the housing (21) and fixed to the top wall of the housing (21). The housing (21) is used to fix the product to be positioned. The housing (21) is fitted over at least part of the positioning body (11), and the second positioning boss (22) is placed in the first positioning groove (10) and abuts against the first positioning boss (12). The locking component (3) and the elastic element (4) are provided. The locking component (3) includes a movable element (31) movably installed in the positioning component (1) and a sliding block (32) pushed and slid by the movable element (31). The elastic element (4) is located in the positioning component (1), and one end of the elastic element (4) abuts against the movable element (31), and the other end of the elastic element (4) abuts against the top wall of the positioning component (1). The inner side wall of the housing (21) is provided with an inner pull ring (215). The sliding block (32) abuts against the inner pull ring (215) under the push of the elastic force of the elastic element (4).

2. The positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second positioning boss (22) includes a boss portion (221) and two elastic portions (222) respectively fixed to both sides of the boss portion (221). The boss portion (221) is fixed to the housing (21), and the elastic portions (222) abut against the first positioning boss (12).

3. The positioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic portion (222) has oblique side surfaces (2221) that are opposite and parallel to each other in the thickness direction of the boss portion (221), and the elastic portion (222) has a deformation hole (2222). The two elastic portions (222) are located on both sides of the boss portion (221) in the length direction, and the deformation hole (2222) penetrates the elastic portion (222) along the width direction of the boss portion (221).

4. The positioning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The deformable hole (2222) is a parallelogram hole, and the hole wall of the deformable hole (2222) is parallel to the inclined side (2221).

5. The positioning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic part (222) has a first positioning slope (2223) for contacting the first positioning boss (12), and the first positioning boss (12) has a second positioning slope (121) for contacting the first positioning slope (2223). The included angle between the first positioning slopes (2223) of the two elastic parts (222) connected to the same boss (221) is the first included angle, and the included angle between the two adjacent first positioning bosses (12) and the opposite second positioning slopes (121) is the second included angle. The first included angle is 0.4 to 0.7 degrees larger than the second included angle.

6. The positioning mechanism according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The boss (221) has a positioning surface (2211), which is a plane and contacts the top surface of the positioning body (11).

7. The positioning mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The vehicle assembly (2) further includes a connecting block (23) located inside the housing (21) and fixed to the top wall of the housing (21), and the second positioning boss (22) is fixed to the connecting block (23).

8. The positioning mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vehicle assembly (2) further includes a positioning pin (24), and the housing (21) and the connecting block (23) respectively have positioning holes (25). The positioning pin (24) passes through the positioning holes (25) of the housing (21) and the positioning holes (25) of the connecting block (23).

9. The positioning mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Of the outer sidewall of the positioning body (11) and the inner sidewall of the housing (21), one has a guide groove (111) and the other has a guide block (211) that matches the guide groove. The guide groove (111) extends along the axial direction of the positioning body (11) or the housing (21) and extends to the top surface of the positioning body (11) or the bottom surface of the housing (21). The guide block (211) is disposed in the guide groove (111).

10. The positioning mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The outer side wall of the housing (21) is provided with a second positioning groove (212) and a clamping position (213). The length direction of the second positioning groove (212) is parallel to the axial direction of the housing (21), and the clamping position (213) is an annular groove arranged on the housing (21) along the circumference of the housing (21).

11. The positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component (1) further includes a base (13) sealed to the positioning body (11). The positioning body (11) and the base (13) surround and form an inner cavity (14). The elastic member (4) is disposed in the inner cavity (14). An air cavity (5) is formed between the movable member (31) and the base (13). The base (13) has an air inlet (131) communicating with the air cavity (5). The gas in the air cavity (5) can push the movable member (31) to move axially in the positioning body (11) to overcome the elastic force of the elastic member (4) and pull the sliding block (32) out from the inner pull ring (215).

12. The positioning mechanism according to claim 11, characterized in that, The movable component (31) includes a piston module (311) and a return pin (312) fixed at one end to the piston module (311). One end of the sliding block (32) has a first through hole (321). The return pin (312) passes through the first through hole (321), and the axis of the return pin (312) intersects with the axis of the piston module (311). The piston module (311) and the base (13) form the air chamber (5). The piston module (311) drives the sliding block (32) to move through the return pin (312).

13. The positioning mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, There are four second positioning protrusions (22), which are arranged in a cross shape. There are four corresponding first positioning grooves (10), and the four second positioning protrusions (22) correspond one-to-one with the four first positioning grooves (10). The second positioning protrusions (22) are placed in the first positioning grooves (10) corresponding to them.

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