A multi-stage viscous damper

Abstract

The present invention relates to a multi-stage viscous damper, comprising a cylinder, a connecting pipe, and a piston rod assembly. Seal assemblies are provided at both ends of the cylinder, the interior of the cylinder is filled with damping fluid, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to one end of the cylinder, one end of the piston rod assembly passes through the seal assembly at the other end of the cylinder and exits from the seal assembly at one end of the cylinder into the connecting pipe. The piston rod assembly includes a plurality of piston rods arranged in sequence, each piston rod being fitted with a damping piston, and adjacent piston rods being connected by a locking member having a cavity therein filled with a locking fluid, which is a non-Newtonian fluid. The end of one of the adjacent piston rods is movably disposed within the cavity, and the end of the other piston rod is connected to the locking member. The viscous damper of the present invention can simultaneously achieve velocity-related multi-stage energy dissipation and displacement-related multi-stage energy dissipation, and can meet the shock absorption requirements of various seismic waves with different sizes, directions, vibration frequencies, and durations, with a better energy dissipation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of dampers, and in particular relates to a multi-stage viscous damper. Background Art

[0002] As an important shock-absorbing and energy-dissipating device, viscous dampers are widely used in construction projects such as buildings and bridges. They can enable buildings to dissipate the destructive energy caused by earthquakes, wind vibrations, bridge deck vehicle-induced vibrations, etc., and protect the main structure and components from damage.

[0003] A common viscous damper typically consists of a cylinder, piston rod, piston, damping orifice, viscous damping material, lugs, and pins. Viscous dampers are often installed within the interstory structure of a building. When interstory displacement occurs, the building drives the piston rod and piston to slide back and forth within the cylinder cavity. The viscous damping material shuttles between the damping orifice and the gap between the piston and the cylinder cavity, continuously dissipating energy in the process. A common viscous damper is a velocity-dependent damper, where the damping force is a power function of the piston rod's velocity, i.e., F = C|v| α Sign(v), where F is the damping force, v is the velocity, C is the damping coefficient, and α is the damping exponent.

[0004] Existing viscous dampers can only respond to a single mechanical parameter. When the vibration wave velocity exceeds the design limit, the damper may overload and cause damage. When the vibration wave velocity is less than the design limit, the damper may not function. When the vibration amplitude exceeds the design limit, the damper structure may be damaged. When the vibration amplitude is less than the design limit, the damper may not function. In actual applications, earthquakes (vibrations) vary in magnitude, direction, frequency, and duration. A single viscous damper cannot meet the shock absorption requirements of various earthquakes (vibrations), limiting its shock absorption function. Moreover, when the inter-layer displacement and vibration velocity caused by an earthquake exceed a certain range, the damper is often required to provide additional stiffness to the structural system. However, existing viscous dampers can only provide shock absorption and energy dissipation for the structure, not stiffness. To address these issues, multi-order viscous dampers have emerged. However, existing multi-order viscous dampers generally only consider the multi-order effects when the displacement reaches the limit, not the multi-order effects when the velocity reaches the limit, resulting in a narrow application range. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage viscous damper, in particular a multi-stage viscous damper that takes both displacement and velocity types into consideration.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A multi-stage viscous damper comprises a cylinder, a connecting pipe and a piston rod group, wherein both ends of the cylinder are provided with a sealing assembly, the interior of the cylinder is filled with damping fluid, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to one end of the cylinder, one end of the piston rod group passes through the sealing assembly at the other end of the cylinder and passes out from the sealing assembly at one end of the cylinder to the connecting pipe, and the other end of the piston rod group is located outside the cylinder, the piston rod group comprises a plurality of piston rods arranged in sequence, each of the piston rods is sleeved with a damping piston, and two adjacent piston rods are connected by a locking piece, the locking piece has a cavity inside, and the cavity is filled with locking fluid, which is a non-Newtonian fluid, the end of one of the two adjacent piston rods is movably arranged in the cavity, and the end of the other of the two adjacent piston rods is connected to the locking piece.

[0008] Preferably, the locking member includes a locking cylinder, a first sealing cover, a second sealing cover and a locking piston. The interior of the locking cylinder is hollow. The first sealing cover and the second sealing cover are respectively arranged at both ends of the locking cylinder. The interior of the locking cylinder is filled with the locking liquid. The locking piston is movably arranged in the locking cylinder. The end of one of the two adjacent piston rods passes through the first sealing cover and extends into the locking cylinder and is connected to the locking piston. The end of the other of the two adjacent piston rods is connected to the second sealing cover.

[0009] Further preferably, the first cover is provided with a first through hole running through both sides thereof, the end of one of the two adjacent piston rods extends from the first through hole into the locking cylinder, and the locking piston is sleeved on its end.

[0010] More preferably, an annular groove is provided on the inner side wall of the first through hole, and a sealing ring is provided in the annular groove.

[0011] Further preferably, the diameter of the locking piston is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking cylinder, and a gap is formed therebetween for the locking fluid to flow.

[0012] Preferably, the plurality of piston rods are coaxially arranged.

[0013] Preferably, the damping piston includes a piston body, the diameter of the piston body is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder, a connecting hole is opened at the center of the piston body and passes through both sides thereof, a plurality of damping holes are opened around the connecting hole, and the damping holes pass through both sides of the piston body.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes a bushing and a threaded pressing tube. The inner wall of the cylinder has a boss, the bushing is arranged at the boss, the threaded pressing tube is sleeved on one end of the bushing, and the outer wall of the threaded pressing tube is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder to press the bushing onto the boss.

[0015] Preferably, the multi-stage viscous damper further includes a connecting ear seat, and the connecting ear seat is detachably connected to the other end of the connecting pipe and the other end of the piston rod assembly.

[0016] Preferably, the damping fluid is dimethyl silicone oil.

[0017] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0018] The multiple piston rods of the present invention are connected and limited by locking parts filled with locking fluid, which can simultaneously realize speed-related multi-order energy consumption and displacement-related multi-order energy consumption, and can meet the shock absorption requirements of various seismic waves with different sizes, directions, vibration frequencies and durations. The energy consumption effect is better. In the case of small displacement and low speed, no additional stiffness is provided for the structural system, but in the case of large displacement and high speed, additional stiffness is provided for the structural system. The displacement can be locked according to structural requirements to avoid excessive displacement. The structure is simple, the application range is wide, and the practicality is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Attachment Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the multi-stage viscous damper of this embodiment;

[0020] Attachment Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the multi-stage viscous damper of this embodiment;

[0021] Attachment Figure 3 For attachment Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0022] Attachment Figure 4 For attachment Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0023] Attachment Figure 5 For attachment Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle;

[0024] Attachment Figure 6 is the hysteresis curve of the damping force and displacement of the multi-order viscous damper corresponding to different speed conditions;

[0025] Attachment Figure 7 is the hysteresis curve of the damping force and displacement of the multi-order viscous damper corresponding to different displacement conditions;

[0026] Attachment Figure 8 is the hysteresis curve of the damping force and displacement of the multi-order viscous damper corresponding to actual engineering applications.

[0027] In the above attached figures:

[0028] 1. Cylinder; 2. Connecting pipe; 3. Piston rod assembly; 30. Piston rod; 31. First piston rod; 32. Second piston rod; 33. Third piston rod; 4. Sealing assembly; 41. Bushing; 42. Threaded compression tube; 5. Damping fluid; 6. Damping piston; 61. First damping piston; 62. Second damping piston; 63. Third damping piston; 600. Piston body; 6001. Connecting hole; 6002. Damping hole; 7. Locking piece; 71. First locking piece; 72. Second locking piece; 700. Locking cylinder; 701. First sealing cover; 7010. First through hole; 702. Second sealing cover; 703. Locking piston; 704. Locking fluid; 8. Connecting ear seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] A multi-stage viscous damper, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a cylinder 1, a connecting pipe 2 and a piston rod group 3. One end of the connecting pipe 2 is connected to one end of the cylinder 1, and the other end of the connecting pipe 2 is provided with a connecting ear seat 8. One end of the piston rod group 3 passes through the other end of the cylinder 1 and passes out from one end of the cylinder 1 into the connecting pipe 2. The other end of the piston rod group 3 is located outside the cylinder 1, and the other end of the piston rod group 3 is also provided with a connecting ear seat 8.

[0032] The following is a detailed introduction to each component and its connection relationship:

[0033] like Figure 2As shown, the cylinder 1 is cylindrical and hollow inside. Both ends of the cylinder 1 are provided with sealing components 4 for sealing it. The interior of the cylinder 1 between the sealing components 4 at both ends is filled with damping fluid 5. The damping fluid 5 is a common viscous damping fluid, and specifically, dimethyl silicone oil can be used. The connecting pipe 2 is also cylindrical with a hollow interior. One end of the connecting pipe 2 is connected and communicated with one end of the cylinder 1.

[0034] Specifically: Figure 4 As shown, the sealing assembly 4 includes a bushing 41 and a threaded pressing tube 42. The inner wall of the end of the cylinder 1 has an annular boss, and the outer wall of the bushing 41 also has an annular boss. The boss of the bushing 41 is arranged on the boss of the cylinder 1, and the threaded pressing tube 42 is sleeved on the end of the bushing 41 away from the cylinder 1, and the outer wall of the threaded pressing tube 42 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 1 to press the bushing 41 against the boss of the cylinder 1; an annular groove can be provided on the outer wall of the bushing 41 facing the end of the cylinder 1, and a sealing ring can be provided in the annular groove to improve the sealing performance and prevent leakage of the damping fluid 5; a through hole is provided at the center of the bushing 41, which passes through both ends of the bushing, and the piston rod group 3 can pass through. An annular groove can also be provided on the side wall of the through hole, and a sealing ring can be provided in the annular groove to improve the sealing performance and prevent leakage; of course, a plurality of annular grooves can be provided, and the plurality of annular grooves are distributed along the axial direction of the bushing 41, which are used to respectively provide static sealing rings, dynamic sealing rings, etc., to further ensure good sealing performance.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the piston rod group 3 includes multiple piston rods 30, which are coaxially arranged. The multiple piston rods 30 and the cylinder 1 are also coaxially arranged. Two adjacent piston rods 30 are connected by a locking piece 7. The locking piece 7 has a cavity inside, which is filled with a locking fluid 704. The locking fluid 704 is a non-Newtonian fluid. The end of one of the two adjacent piston rods 30 is movably arranged in the cavity, and the end of the other of the two adjacent piston rods 30 is connected to the locking piece 7. Each piston rod 30 is sleeved with a damping piston 6.

[0036] In this embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, three piston rods 30 are provided, namely a first piston rod 31, a second piston rod 32 and a third piston rod 33. The first piston rod 31, the second piston rod 32 and the third piston rod 33 are coaxially arranged. One end of the first piston rod 31 is arranged in the cylinder 1, and the other end of the first piston rod 31 passes through the sealing assembly 4 and extends into the connecting pipe 2. The second piston rod 32 is arranged in the cylinder 1, and one end of the third piston rod 33 passes through the sealing assembly 4 and extends into the cylinder 1, and the other end of the third piston rod 33 is located outside the cylinder 1; one end of the first piston rod 31 is connected to one end of the second piston rod 32 by a first locking piece 71, and the other end of the second piston rod 32 is connected to one end of the third piston rod 33 by a second locking piece 72; a first damping piston 61 is sleeved on the first piston rod 31, a second damping piston 62 is sleeved on the second piston rod 32, and a third damping piston 63 is sleeved on the third piston rod 33.

[0037] The first damping piston 61, the second damping piston 62 and the third damping piston 63 have the same structure. Figure 5 As shown, all three include a piston body 600, the diameter of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 1, that is, a gap is formed between the piston body 600 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 for the circulation of the damping fluid 5; a connecting hole 6001 is provided at the center of the piston body 600, which passes through both sides thereof, and the piston body 600 can be mounted on the piston rod 30 through the connecting hole 6001; a plurality of damping holes 6002 are provided around the connecting hole 6001, and the damping holes 6002 pass through both sides of the piston body 600, and the damping holes 6002 can be used for the circulation of the damping fluid 5.

[0038] The first locking member 71 and the second locking member 72 have the same structure. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, both include a locking cylinder 700, a first sealing cover 701, a second sealing cover 702 and a locking piston 703. The interior of the locking cylinder 700 is hollow, and the first sealing cover 701 and the second sealing cover 702 are respectively arranged at both ends of the locking cylinder 700. The interior of the locking cylinder 700 is filled with locking fluid 704, and the locking piston 703 is movably arranged in the locking cylinder 700; in this embodiment, one end of the second piston rod 32 passes through the first sealing cover 701 of the first locking member 71 and extends into the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71 and is connected to the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71, one end of the first piston rod 31 is connected to the second sealing cover 702 of the first locking member 71, one end of the third piston rod 33 passes through the first sealing cover 701 of the second locking member 72 and extends into the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 and is connected to the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72, and the other end of the second piston rod 32 is connected to the second sealing cover 702 of the second locking member 72.

[0039] Specifically: a first through hole 7010 is provided on the first cover 701 of the first locking member 71, and one end of the second piston rod 32 extends from the first through hole 7010 into the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71, and the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 is sleeved on one end of the second piston rod 32; the diameter of the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71, and a gap is formed between the two for the flow of locking liquid 704; an annular groove is provided on the inner side wall of the first through hole 7010, and a sealing ring is provided in the annular groove to prevent leakage of the locking liquid 704 and improve the sealing performance; the second cover 702 of the first locking member 71 is fixedly connected to one end of the first piston rod 31, and a specific connection method such as integral molding or welding can be adopted.

[0040] Similarly, the first cover 701 of the second locking member 72 is provided with a first through hole 7010 running through both sides thereof, one end of the third piston rod 33 extends from the first through hole 7010 into the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, and the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 is sleeved on one end of the third piston rod 33; the diameter of the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, and a gap is formed between the two for the flow of locking fluid 704; an annular groove is provided on the inner side wall of the first through hole 7010, and a sealing ring is provided in the annular groove to prevent leakage of the locking fluid 704 and improve the sealing performance; the second cover 702 of the second locking member 72 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second piston rod 32, and the specific connection method can be, for example, one-piece molding, welding, etc.

[0041] The connecting ear seat 8 is used to connect the multi-order viscous damper to the building structure. Two connecting ear seats 8 are provided. The two connecting ear seats 8 are detachably connected to the other end of the connecting pipe 2 and the other end of the third piston rod 33, respectively. Specifically, they can be connected by methods such as threaded connection, snap connection, etc., of course, it is not limited to the above-mentioned connection methods.

[0042] The working principle of the multi-stage viscous damper of this embodiment is described in detail below:

[0043] In actual use, by connecting the damper to the upper and lower floors of a building through the connecting ear seat 8, the inter-story displacement of the building caused by earthquakes or mechanical vibrations will drive the third piston rod 33 to move. Assuming that the (seismic) vibration speed is v0, the speed at which the locking fluid 704 of the second locking member 72 locks the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 is v1, and the speed at which the locking fluid 704 of the first locking member 71 locks the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 is v2, the following specifically analyzes the process of velocity-related motion and the process of displacement-related motion:

[0044] Velocity-dependent motion:

[0045] (1) When v0<v1<v2, the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 can slide inside the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, so that the locking fluid 704 passes through the gap between the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 and the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, and generates a damping force F1; the locking fluid 704 of the second locking member 72 locks the movement of the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72, and the third damping piston 63 slides between the first cover 701 of the second locking member 72 and the sealing component 4 at the other end of the cylinder 1, and the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the third damping piston 63 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 on the third damping piston 63, thereby generating a damping force F2; therefore, the damping force of the damper in this state is F N1 =F1+F2.

[0046] (2) When v2<v0<v1, the second piston rod 32 and the third piston rod 33 will both move, and the third piston rod 33 drives the third damping piston 63 to move. The locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 does not move relative to the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, which is the same as the situation described in (1), and a damping force F2 can be generated; the second piston rod 32 drives the second damping piston 62 and the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 to move, and the damping fluid 5 is released from the gap between the second damping piston 62 and the cylinder 1 and The damping hole 6002 on the second damping piston 62 passes through, generating a damping force F3, and the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 slides inside the cylinder 1, and the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 and the cylinder 1, generating a damping force F4. The locking fluid 704 of the first locking member 71 passes through the gap between the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 and the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71, generating a damping force F5. Therefore, the damping force of the damper in this state is F N2 =F2+F3+F4+F5.

[0047] (3) When v1<v2<v0, the locking fluid 704 of the second locking member 72 locks the movement of the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72, and the locking fluid 704 of the first locking member 71 locks the movement of the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71, so that the first piston rod 31, the second piston rod 32 and the third piston rod 33 move as a whole, and the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 does not move relative to the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, and the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 does not move relative to the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71, which is the same as the situation described in (1). The third damping piston 63 generates a damping force F2; Same as the situation described in (2), the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the second damping piston 62 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 on the second damping piston 62, generating a resistance F3, the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 and the cylinder 1, generating a damping force F4; the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the first damping piston 61 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 on the first damping piston 61, generating a damping force F6, the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71 and the cylinder 1, generating a damping force F7; Therefore, the damping force of the damper in this state is F N3 =F2+F3+F4+F6+F7.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown in Figure 3, the hysteresis curves of the damping force and displacement of the multi-order viscous damper corresponding to different speed conditions are shown. It can be seen from the hysteresis curves that the size and order of the hysteresis area are related to the (vibration) vibration velocity, that is, the viscous damper is a velocity-dependent multi-order viscous damper.

[0049] Displacement-related motion, in compression:

[0050] (1) When the third piston rod 33 is compressed at a speed v0, the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 moves from the first cover 701 of the second locking member 72 to the second cover 702 of the second locking member 72. During this process, the locking fluid 704 of the second locking member 72 passes through the gap between the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 and the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, and generates a damping force F1; the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the third damping piston 63 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 on the third damping piston 63, thereby generating a damping force F2; therefore, the damping force of the damper in this state is F N1 =F1+F2, the displacement is -A1.

[0051] (2) When the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 presses against the second cover 702 of the second locking member 72 and continues to compress, the second piston rod 32 and the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 also follow the compression movement, and the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 does not move relative to the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, which is the same as the situation described in (1), and can generate a damping force F2; at the same time, the second piston rod 32 drives the second damping piston 62 and the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 to compress, and the damping fluid 5 is discharged from the second damping piston 6 2 and the gap between the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 of the second damping piston 62, generating a damping force F3; in this state, the lock cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 slides inside the cylinder 1, and the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the lock cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 and the cylinder 1, generating a damping force F4; the locking fluid 704 of the first locking member 71 passes through the gap between the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 and the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71, generating a damping force F5; therefore, the damping force of the damper in this state is F N2 =F2+F3+F4+F5, the displacement is -A1-A1.

[0052] (3) When the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 presses against the second cover 702 of the first locking member 71 and continues to compress, the first piston rod 31, the second piston rod 32 and the third piston rod 33 compress as a whole, the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 does not move relative to the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, and the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 does not move relative to the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71, which is the same as the situation described in (1). The third damping piston 63 generates a damping force F2; the damping fluid 5 is the same as the situation described in (2). The resistance F3 is generated by the passage of the second damping piston 62 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 on the second damping piston 62. The damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 and the cylinder 1, generating a damping force F4. The damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the first damping piston 61 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 on the first damping piston 61, generating a damping force F6. The damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71 and the cylinder 1, generating a damping force F7. Therefore, the damping force of the damper in this state is F N3 =F2+F3+F4+F6+F7, -A1-A1-U (0≤U≤U0).

[0053] Displacement-related motion, in the case of stretching:

[0054] (1) When the third piston rod 33 stretches at a speed v0, the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 moves from the second cover 702 of the second locking member 72 to the first cover 701 of the second locking member 72. During this process, the locking fluid 704 of the second locking member 72 passes through the gap between the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 and the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, and generates a damping force F1; the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the third damping piston 63 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 on the third damping piston 63, thereby generating a damping force F2; therefore, the damping force of the damper in this state is F N1 =F1+F2, the displacement is A1.

[0055] (2) When the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 continues to stretch against the first cover 701 of the second locking member 72, the second piston rod 32 and the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 also move, and the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 does not move relative to the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, which is the same as the situation described in (1), and can generate a damping force F2; at the same time, the second piston rod 32 drives the second damping piston 62 and the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 to stretch, and the damping fluid 5 is discharged from the second damping piston 62. The gap between the locking member 700 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 of the second damping piston 62 pass through, generating a damping force F3; in this state, the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 slides inside the cylinder 1, and the damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 and the cylinder 1, generating a damping force F4; the locking fluid 704 of the first locking member 71 passes through the gap between the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 and the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71, generating a damping force F5; therefore, the damping force of the damper in this state is F N2 =F2+F3+F4+F5, the displacement is A1+A1.

[0056] (3) When the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 continues to stretch against the first cover 701 of the first locking member 71, the first piston rod 31, the second piston rod 32 and the third piston rod 33 stretch as a whole, the locking piston 703 of the second locking member 72 does not move relative to the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72, and the locking piston 703 of the first locking member 71 does not move relative to the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71, which is the same as the situation described in (1). The third damping piston 63 generates a damping force F2; the damping fluid 5 is the same as the situation described in (2). The resistance F3 is generated by the passage of the second damping piston 62 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 on the second damping piston 62. The damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the locking cylinder 700 of the second locking member 72 and the cylinder 1, generating a damping force F4. The damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the first damping piston 61 and the cylinder 1 and the damping hole 6002 on the first damping piston 61, generating a damping force F6. The damping fluid 5 passes through the gap between the locking cylinder 700 of the first locking member 71 and the cylinder 1, generating a damping force F7. Therefore, the damping force of the damper in this state is F N3 =F2+F3+F4+F6+F7, A1+A1+U(0≤U≤U0).

[0057] like Figure 7 As shown in Figure 3, the hysteresis curves of the damping force and displacement of the multi-order viscous damper corresponding to different displacement conditions are shown. It can be seen from the hysteresis curves that the size and order of the hysteresis area are related to the (seismic) vibration amplitude. In other words, the viscous damper is a displacement-related multi-order viscous damper.

[0058] In fact, since seismic waves are complex and changeable, the multi-order viscous damper of this embodiment, when applied in actual engineering, often produces a comprehensive energy dissipation effect of velocity-related and displacement-related types, and its hysteresis curve is as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0059] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage viscous damper, comprising a cylinder, a connecting pipe and a piston rod group, wherein both ends of the cylinder are provided with a sealing assembly, the cylinder is filled with damping fluid, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to one end of the cylinder, one end of the piston rod group passes through the sealing assembly at the other end of the cylinder and passes out from the sealing assembly at one end of the cylinder to the connecting pipe, the other end of the piston rod group is located outside the cylinder, the piston rod group comprises a plurality of piston rods arranged in sequence, each of the piston rods is sleeved with a damping piston, the damping piston comprises a piston body, the diameter of the piston body is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder, a connecting hole is opened at the center of the piston body and passes through both sides thereof, a plurality of damping holes are opened around the connecting hole, and the damping holes pass through both sides of the piston body, characterized in that: The two adjacent piston rods are connected by a locking piece, and the locking piece has a cavity inside, and the cavity is filled with locking fluid, which is a non-Newtonian fluid. The end of one of the two adjacent piston rods is movably arranged in the cavity, and the end of the other of the two adjacent piston rods is connected to the locking piece. The locking piece includes a locking cylinder, a first cover, a second cover and a locking piston. The interior of the locking cylinder is hollow, and the first cover and the second cover are respectively arranged at the two ends of the locking cylinder. The interior of the locking cylinder is filled with the locking fluid, and the locking piston is movably arranged in the locking cylinder. The end of one of the two adjacent piston rods passes through the first cover and extends into the locking cylinder and is connected to the locking piston, and the end of the other of the two adjacent piston rods is connected to the second cover.

2. The multi-stage viscous damper according to claim 1, wherein: The first cover is provided with a first through hole running through both sides thereof, and the end of one of the two adjacent piston rods extends from the first through hole into the locking cylinder, and the locking piston is sleeved on the end thereof.

3. The multi-stage viscous damper according to claim 2, wherein: An annular groove is provided on the inner side wall of the first through hole, and a sealing ring is provided in the annular groove.

4. The multi-stage viscous damper according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the locking piston is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking cylinder, and a gap is formed between the two for the locking fluid to flow.

5. The multi-stage viscous damper according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of piston rods are coaxially arranged.

6. The multi-stage viscous damper according to claim 1, wherein: The sealing assembly includes a bushing and a threaded pressing tube. The inner wall of the cylinder has a boss, the bushing is arranged on the boss, the threaded pressing tube is sleeved on one end of the bushing, and the outer wall of the threaded pressing tube is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder to press the bushing onto the boss.

7. The multi-stage viscous damper according to claim 1, wherein: The multi-stage viscous damper further includes a connecting ear seat, and the connecting ear seat is detachably connected to the other end of the connecting pipe and the other end of the piston rod assembly.

8. The multi-stage viscous damper according to claim 1, wherein: The damping fluid is dimethyl silicone oil.

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