Fuel cell air tail exhaust system and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel cell air tail exhaust system and a control method thereof, the method comprising a water separator, a secondary water treatment device, an electronic three-way valve, an air compressor turbine recovery device and a tail exhaust pipe which are sequentially arranged at the air tail exhaust of the fuel cell system; the two ends of the secondary water treatment device are connected with a pressure difference sensor, the output end is connected with a humidity sensor, and a heating device is provided; the electronic three-way valve is also directly connected to the tail exhaust pipe; the pressure difference sensor and the humidity sensor are used to determine whether the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device is normal, if it is normal, the secondary water treatment device and the air compressor turbine recovery device are connected through the electronic three-way valve; if it is not normal, the secondary water treatment device and the tail exhaust pipe are connected through the electronic three-way valve; the heating device is used to restore the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device. Compared with the prior art, the present invention reduces the corrosion damage and high-speed stability of the air compressor turbine recovery device by the tail exhaust liquid water, and has the advantages of high practicality and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell air tail exhaust system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the hydrogen fuel cell industry, in order to meet the needs of heavy trucks and other applications, the power of fuel cell systems has gradually increased from 100kW to 200 and 300kW. The air flow and compression ratio that the mainstream two-stage compression centrifugal air compressor needs to meet have to be greatly increased. The parasitic power consumption of the air compressor will reach more than 20% compared with the system output power. Taking a 200kW system as an example, the auxiliary power consumed by the two-stage compression centrifugal air compressor is about 45kW.

[0003] In order to improve the electrical efficiency of the fuel cell system, it is necessary to reduce the energy consumption of the air compressor. At present, the choice of mainstream domestic fuel cell air compressor suppliers is to explore and develop larger power level air compressor products that adopt turbine energy recovery technology. By using the principle of turbine expansion work, part of the energy in the exhaust gas of the fuel cell stack is recovered and reused, thereby reducing the air compressor's own energy consumption demand.

[0004] However, there is a large amount of liquid water and gaseous water produced by electrochemical reactions in the exhaust gas of the fuel cell stack, which will not only cause corrosion damage to the turbine recovery device in the air compressor and affect its life, but also affect the stability of the high-speed rotation of the air compressor during operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell air tail exhaust system and its control method in order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art that there is a large amount of liquid water and gaseous water produced by electrochemical reactions in the exhaust gas of the fuel cell stack, which will not only cause corrosion damage to the turbine recovery device in the air compressor and affect its life, but also affect the stability of the high-speed rotation of the air compressor during operation.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A fuel cell air tail exhaust system, comprising a fuel cell system, the fuel cell air tail exhaust system also comprising a water separator, a secondary water treatment device, an electronic three-way valve, an air compressor turbine recovery device and a tail exhaust pipe which are sequentially arranged at the air tail exhaust of the fuel cell system;

[0008] The two ends of the secondary water treatment device are connected to a pressure difference sensor, the output end of the secondary water treatment device is connected to a humidity sensor, and the secondary water treatment device is provided with a heating device; the electronic three-way valve is also directly connected to the tail pipe;

[0009] The differential pressure sensor and humidity sensor are used to detect data to determine whether the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device is normal. If normal, the secondary water treatment device and the air compressor turbine recovery device are connected through an electronic three-way valve; if abnormal, the secondary water treatment device and the tail pipe are connected through an electronic three-way valve; the heating device is used to be turned on when the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device is abnormal, so as to restore the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device.

[0010] Furthermore, the water separator is used to perform primary separation on liquid water generated by the fuel cell system, and the secondary water treatment device has a built-in adsorbent for secondary adsorption of liquid water and gaseous water generated by the fuel cell system.

[0011] Furthermore, the pressure difference sensor is used to monitor the air pressure difference between the front and rear ends of the secondary water treatment device to obtain the rising trend of the flow resistance caused by the secondary water treatment device after adsorbing water.

[0012] Furthermore, the humidity sensor is used to measure the humidity of air after passing through the secondary water treatment device.

[0013] Further, the fuel cell system includes an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, an air humidifier, a fuel cell stack and an air back pressure valve;

[0014] The input ends of the air filter, air compressor, intercooler and air humidifier are connected in sequence, the output end of the air humidifier is connected to the air back pressure valve, the air back pressure valve is connected to the water separator, the fuel cell stack is connected to the air humidifier, and an air inlet stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor is provided at the connection between the fuel cell stack and the air humidifier.

[0015] Furthermore, the air-into-fuel-stack integrated temperature and pressure sensor is used to feed back the temperature and pressure of the air entering the fuel cell stack; the air back-pressure valve and the air compressor are used to cooperate with each other to adjust the air flow rate and pressure entering the fuel cell stack.

[0016] Furthermore, the air compressor is used to inhale air from the atmosphere through an air filter and compress and heat it; the intercooler is used to cool the high-temperature air to meet the air temperature used by the fuel cell stack; and the air humidifier is used to humidify the air.

[0017] Furthermore, the fuel cell air tail exhaust system also includes a controller, which is respectively connected to the electronic three-way valve, the pressure difference sensor, the humidity sensor, the heating device, the air compressor, the air back pressure valve and the air inlet stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor.

[0018] A control method for a fuel cell air exhaust system as described above comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1: driving the fuel cell system to operate;

[0020] S2 simultaneously monitors data through the differential pressure sensor and the humidity sensor;

[0021] S3: If the pressure difference value monitored by the pressure difference sensor exceeds the preset first pressure difference value, or the humidity value monitored by the humidity sensor exceeds the preset first humidity value, proceed to step S4; otherwise, proceed to step S8;

[0022] S4: executing step S5 to perform online recovery processing on the secondary water treatment device;

[0023] S5: Control the electronic three-way valve to switch, so that the output of the secondary water treatment device is directly connected to the tail pipe, and the air directly enters the tail pipe and is discharged; at the same time, the heating device is turned on to heat the secondary water treatment device, and the liquid water precipitated by the secondary water treatment device is directly blown out to the tail pipe;

[0024] S6: If the pressure difference value monitored by the pressure difference sensor decreases to a preset second pressure difference value, or the humidity value monitored by the humidity sensor decreases to a preset second humidity value, proceed to step S7;

[0025] S7: Control the electronic three-way valve to switch on and off so that the output of the secondary water treatment device is connected to the air compressor turbine recovery device for energy recovery; and at the same time, turn off the heating device;

[0026] S8: The secondary water treatment device normally adsorbs liquid water and gaseous water;

[0027] S9: Control the electronic three-way valve so that the output of the secondary water treatment device is connected to the air compressor turbine recovery device to recover energy.

[0028] Furthermore, the method further comprises:

[0029] According to the air temperature and pressure values ​​entering the fuel cell stack fed back by the air-into-stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor, the air back pressure valve and the air compressor are controlled to adjust the air flow rate and pressure entering the fuel cell stack.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] The present invention uses a water separator and a secondary water treatment device to adsorb liquid water and gaseous water from the tail exhaust of the fuel cell system. At the same time, through the combined use of an online differential pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a heating device and an electronic three-way valve, the adsorption saturation in the secondary water treatment device can be restored online. The corrosion damage and high-speed stability of the tail exhaust liquid water on the air compressor turbine recovery device are reduced, the energy recovery practicability of the air compressor turbine is greatly improved, and the efficiency of the fuel cell system is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a fuel cell air tail exhaust system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A logic schematic diagram of a control method for a fuel cell air tail exhaust system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] In the figure, 1. air filter, 2. air compressor, 3. intercooler, 4. air humidifier, 5. fuel cell stack, 6. air inlet stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor, 7. air back pressure valve, 8. water separator, 9. differential pressure sensor, 10. secondary water treatment device, 11. heating device, 12. humidity sensor, 13. electronic three-way valve, 14. air compressor turbine recovery device, 15. tail exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0036] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0040] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a fuel cell air tail exhaust system, including a water separator 8, a secondary water treatment device 10, an electronic three-way valve 13, an air compressor turbine recovery device 14 and a tail exhaust pipe 15, which are sequentially arranged at the air tail exhaust of the fuel cell system;

[0043] The two ends of the secondary water treatment device 10 are connected to a pressure difference sensor 9, the output end of the secondary water treatment device 10 is connected to a humidity sensor 12, and the secondary water treatment device 10 is provided with a heating device 11; the electronic three-way valve 13 is also directly connected to the tail pipe 15;

[0044] The differential pressure sensor 9 and the humidity sensor 12 are used to detect data to determine whether the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device 10 is normal. If normal, the secondary water treatment device 10 and the air compressor turbine recovery device 14 are connected through the electronic three-way valve 13; if abnormal, the secondary water treatment device 10 and the tail pipe 15 are connected through the electronic three-way valve 13; the heating device 11 is used to be turned on when the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device 10 is abnormal, so as to restore the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device 10.

[0045] The water separator 8 is used to separate liquid water generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell stack 5 .

[0046] Since the water separator 8 cannot 100% separate liquid water and gaseous water, the air after preliminary gas-liquid separation enters the secondary water treatment device 10 from the rear end of the water separator 8. The secondary water treatment device 10 has a built-in moisture adsorbent that can quickly adsorb liquid water and gaseous water that are not separated by the water separator 8.

[0047] The pressure difference sensor 9 installed in the secondary water treatment device 10 can monitor the pressure difference between the front and rear ends of the secondary water treatment device 10, and is used to determine the flow resistance of the secondary water treatment device 10 under the same air flow rate to feedback the adsorbed water saturation. Because a large flow resistance will increase the energy consumption of the air compressor 2, it is necessary to feedback the water absorption saturation of the secondary water treatment device 10 in real time to control the increased energy consumption.

[0048] The secondary water treatment device 10 is provided with a heating device 11. When the adsorption capacity needs to be restored, the secondary water treatment device 10 is heated, and the adsorbed liquid water is separated from the built-in adsorbent by using the high temperature.

[0049] The humidity sensor 12 at the rear end of the secondary water treatment device 10 can monitor the humidity of the air passing through the secondary water treatment device 10 and feedback its water adsorption saturation. During the long-term operation of the fuel cell system, the humidity feedback from the humidity sensor 12 will slowly increase, indicating that the water adsorption capacity in the secondary water treatment device 10 is gradually decreasing.

[0050] By monitoring the differential pressure sensor and humidity sensor signals, the decrease in water saturation of the secondary water treatment device can be determined. When the stop threshold is triggered, heating can be stopped, and the electronic three-way valve is switched back to the air compressor turbine recovery device. At this time, the tail exhaust air of the fuel cell system can be adsorbed by the water separator and the secondary water treatment device again as liquid water and gaseous water. The tail exhaust air again works on the air compressor turbine recovery device to recover energy.

[0051] The rear end of the secondary water treatment device 10 is connected to the electronic three-way valve 13, and the electronic three-way valve 13 can adjust the air path according to the water adsorption capacity state of the front-end secondary water treatment device 10. When the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device 10 is normal, the air enters the air compressor turbine recovery device 14 through the electronic three-way valve 13, works on the turbine, and recovers energy. When the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device 10 is weak and needs to be restored, the air directly enters the tail pipe 15 through the electronic three-way valve 13 and is directly discharged. At the same time, the heating device 11 can be turned on to restore the water adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device 10.

[0052] The recovery treatment stage of the secondary water treatment device takes less time and can be carried out during the operation of the fuel cell system. A large amount of air is discharged from the tail of the fuel cell system, and the heating device heats the secondary water treatment device at the same time. The adsorbed liquid water will be quickly precipitated and discharged directly to the tail pipe through the electronic three-way valve.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the fuel cell system includes an air filter 1, an air compressor 2, an intercooler 3, an air humidifier 4, a fuel cell stack 5 and an air back pressure valve 7;

[0054] The input ends of the air filter 1, the air compressor 2, the intercooler 3 and the air humidifier 4 are connected in sequence, the output end of the air humidifier 4 is connected to the air back pressure valve 7, the air back pressure valve 7 is connected to the water separator 8, the fuel cell stack 5 is connected to the air humidifier 4, and an air inlet stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor 6 is provided at the connection between the fuel cell stack 5 and the air humidifier 4.

[0055] When the fuel cell system is working normally, the air in the atmosphere is sucked in through the air filter 1 by the air compressor 2 and compressed, and the air temperature rises. The high-temperature air is then cooled by the intercooler 3 to meet the air temperature used by the fuel cell stack 5.

[0056] After being humidified by the air humidifier 4, the dry air enters the fuel cell stack 5 to generate electricity through electrochemical reaction. The air back pressure valve 7 cooperates with the air compressor 2 to adjust the incoming air flow rate and pressure. The air inlet stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor 6 feeds back the temperature and pressure value of the air entering the fuel cell stack 5.

[0057] The fuel cell air tail exhaust system also includes a controller, which is respectively connected to the electronic three-way valve 13, the pressure difference sensor 9, the humidity sensor 12, the heating device 11, the air compressor 2, the air back pressure valve 7 and the air-input stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor 6; the controller can execute the following control method.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment also provides a control method for the above fuel cell air tail exhaust system, including the following steps:

[0059] S1: drives the fuel cell system to operate normally;

[0060] S2 simultaneously monitors data through the differential pressure sensor 9 and the humidity sensor 12 to provide feedback on the flow resistance and water adsorption saturation of the secondary water treatment device 10;

[0061] S3: If the pressure difference value monitored by the pressure difference sensor 9 exceeds the preset first pressure difference value, or the humidity value monitored by the humidity sensor 12 exceeds the preset first humidity value, a feedback signal is sent to the fuel cell system controller to perform step S4; otherwise, step S8 is performed;

[0062] S4: executing step S5 to perform online recovery processing on the secondary water treatment device 10;

[0063] S5: Control the electronic three-way valve 13 to switch, so that the output of the secondary water treatment device 10 is directly connected to the tail pipe 15, and the air directly enters the tail pipe 15 and is discharged; at the same time, the heating device 11 is turned on to heat the secondary water treatment device 10, and the liquid water precipitated by the secondary water treatment device 10 is directly blown out to the tail pipe 15;

[0064] S6: If the pressure difference value monitored by the pressure difference sensor 9 decreases to a preset second pressure difference value, or the humidity value monitored by the humidity sensor 12 decreases to a preset second humidity value, a feedback signal is sent to the fuel cell system controller to proceed to step S7;

[0065] S7: Control the electronic three-way valve 13 to switch, so that the output of the secondary water treatment device 10 is connected to the air compressor turbine recovery device 14 to recover energy; at the same time, turn off the heating device 11, and the heating device 11 stops heating the secondary water treatment device 10;

[0066] S8: When the pressure difference value and humidity value monitored by the pressure difference sensor 9 and the humidity sensor 12 do not exceed the preset first pressure difference value and first humidity value, the secondary water treatment device 10 normally absorbs liquid water and gaseous water; the secondary water treatment device 10 normally absorbs liquid water and gaseous water;

[0067] S9: Under normal circumstances, the electronic three-way valve 13 is controlled so that the output of the secondary water treatment device 10 is connected to the air compressor turbine recovery device 14, and air enters the air compressor turbine recovery device 14 to recover energy from the work done by the turbine;

[0068] S10: The system operates normally, monitors the signals fed back by the differential pressure sensor 9 and the humidity sensor 12 in real time, confirms the status of the secondary water treatment device 10 online, and performs recovery and adjustment in coordination with the electronic three-way valve 13 and the heating device 11

[0069] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0070] According to the air temperature and pressure values ​​of the air entering the fuel cell stack 5 fed back by the air-into-stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor 6, the air back pressure valve 7 and the air compressor 2 are controlled to adjust the air flow rate and pressure entering the fuel cell stack 5.

[0071] The present invention adds a water separator to the fuel cell air tail exhaust system for primary separation, and adds a secondary water treatment device at the rear end of the water separator to perform secondary absorption of a small amount of liquid water and gaseous water, so that the gas entering the air compressor turbine recovery device is as dry as possible, which helps to extend the life and stability of the air compressor turbine recovery device.

[0072] The present invention is directed to a fuel cell air tail exhaust system and a control method thereof, which performs primary gas-liquid separation by adding a water separator, and adds a secondary water treatment device with an adsorbent to adsorb liquid water and gaseous water. When the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device decreases or its own flow resistance increases, the water absorption saturation of the adsorbent of the secondary water treatment device is reduced by an electronic three-way valve and a heating device to restore its adsorption capacity. The air tail exhaust system and the control method thereof can make the gas entering the air compressor turbine recovery device as dry as possible, which helps to extend the life and stability of the air compressor turbine recovery device used in the fuel cell system.

[0073] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present invention on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A fuel cell air exhaust system, comprising a fuel cell system, characterized in that: The fuel cell air tail exhaust system also includes a water separator (8), a secondary water treatment device (10), an electronic three-way valve (13), an air compressor turbine recovery device (14) and a tail exhaust pipe (15) which are sequentially arranged at the fuel cell system air tail exhaust; The two ends of the secondary water treatment device (10) are connected to a differential pressure sensor (9), the output end of the secondary water treatment device (10) is connected to a humidity sensor (12), and the secondary water treatment device (10) is provided with a heating device (11); the electronic three-way valve (13) is also directly connected to the tail exhaust pipe (15); The differential pressure sensor (9) and the humidity sensor (12) are used to detect data and determine whether the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device (10) is normal. If it is normal, the secondary water treatment device (10) and the air compressor turbine recovery device (14) are connected through the electronic three-way valve (13); if it is abnormal, the secondary water treatment device (10) and the tail pipe (15) are connected through the electronic three-way valve (13); the heating device (11) is used to be turned on when the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device (10) is abnormal, so as to restore the adsorption capacity of the secondary water treatment device (10).

2. A fuel cell air exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water separator (8) is used to perform primary separation on liquid water generated by the fuel cell system, and the secondary water treatment device (10) has a built-in adsorbent and is used to perform secondary adsorption on liquid water and gaseous water generated by the fuel cell system.

3. A fuel cell air exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure difference sensor (9) is used to monitor the air pressure difference between the front and rear ends of the secondary water treatment device (10) to obtain the upward trend of the flow resistance caused by the secondary water treatment device (10) after water adsorption.

4. A fuel cell air exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidity sensor (12) is used to measure the humidity of air after passing through the secondary water treatment device (10).

5. A fuel cell air exhaust system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell system comprises an air filter (1), an air compressor (2), an intercooler (3), an air humidifier (4), a fuel cell stack (5) and an air back pressure valve (7); The input ends of the air filter (1), the air compressor (2), the intercooler (3) and the air humidifier (4) are connected in sequence; the output end of the air humidifier (4) is connected to the air back pressure valve (7); the air back pressure valve (7) is connected to the water separator (8); the fuel cell stack (5) is connected to the air humidifier (4); and an air inlet stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor (6) is provided at the connection between the fuel cell stack (5) and the air humidifier (4).

6. A fuel cell air exhaust system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air inlet stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor (6) is used to feed back the temperature and pressure value of the air entering the fuel cell stack (5); the air back pressure valve (7) and the air compressor (2) are used to cooperate with each other to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the air entering the fuel cell stack (5).

7. A fuel cell air exhaust system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air compressor (2) is used to suck air from the atmosphere through an air filter (1) and compress and heat it; the intercooler (3) is used to cool the high-temperature air to meet the air temperature used by the fuel cell stack (5); and the air humidifier (4) is used to humidify the air.

8. A fuel cell air exhaust system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fuel cell air tail exhaust system also includes a controller, which is respectively connected to the electronic three-way valve (13), the pressure difference sensor (9), the humidity sensor (12), the heating device (11), the air compressor (2), the air back pressure valve (7) and the air inlet stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor (6).

9. A control method for a fuel cell air exhaust system according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: driving the fuel cell system to operate; S2 simultaneously monitors data through the differential pressure sensor (9) and the humidity sensor (12); S3: If the pressure difference value monitored by the pressure difference sensor (9) exceeds a preset first pressure difference value, or the humidity value monitored by the humidity sensor (12) exceeds a preset first humidity value, then proceed to step S4; otherwise, proceed to step S8; S4: executing step S5 to perform online recovery processing on the secondary water treatment device (10); S5: Controlling the electronic three-way valve (13) to switch on and off so that the output of the secondary water treatment device (10) is directly connected to the tail pipe (15), and air directly enters the tail pipe (15) and is discharged; at the same time, turning on the heating device (11) to heat the secondary water treatment device (10), and liquid water precipitated by the secondary water treatment device (10) is directly blown out to the tail pipe (15); S6: If the pressure difference value monitored by the pressure difference sensor (9) decreases to a preset second pressure difference value, or the humidity value monitored by the humidity sensor (12) decreases to a preset second humidity value, proceed to step S7; S7: Controlling the electronic three-way valve (13) to switch on and off so that the output of the secondary water treatment device (10) is connected to the air compressor turbine recovery device (14) to recover energy; and at the same time, turning off the heating device (11); S8: The secondary water treatment device (10) normally absorbs liquid water and gaseous water; S9: Control the electronic three-way valve (13) so that the output of the secondary water treatment device (10) is connected to the air compressor turbine recovery device (14) to perform energy recovery.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The method further comprises: According to the air temperature and pressure values ​​of the air entering the fuel cell stack (5) fed back by the air-in-stack temperature and pressure integrated sensor (6), the air back pressure valve (7) and the air compressor (2) are controlled to adjust the air flow rate and pressure of the air entering the fuel cell stack (5).

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