Low-power consumption switch rising edge high level activation short circuit protection circuit and PCB board

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of short-circuit protection circuits, and more particularly to a low-power-consumption short-circuit protection circuit with a high-level activated rising edge of a switch and a PCB board. The short-circuit protection circuit comprises a starting switch, a driving switch module, an isolation module and an MCU chip; the input end of the driving switch module is connected with the voltage output end of a battery, and the output end of the driving switch module is connected with a rear-stage circuit; the input end of the starting switch is connected with the voltage output end of the battery; the isolation module comprises a first isolation capacitor and a first resistor; the input end of the first isolation capacitor is connected with the output end of the starting switch, and the output end is connected with the input end of the first resistor; the output end of the first resistor is connected with the first control end of the driving switch module; the voltage end of the MCU chip is connected with the output end of the driving switch module, and the signal output end is connected with the second control end of the driving switch module. The application mainly adopts the method of reducing the starting voltage of the driving switch module to make the battery not connected with the rear-stage circuit, so that the short-circuit protection effect is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of short-circuit protection circuit, and more particularly to a low-power consumption switch rising edge high level activated short-circuit protection circuit and PCB board. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of lithium ion power batteries, the capacity of a lithium battery pack is certain, and if a short circuit occurs in a power management PCM protection board switch, the self-consumption power will be relatively large, and the lithium battery pack will be discharged all the time when stored, which will affect the service life and damage of the battery pack.

[0003] There is still a lack of a simple switch short-circuit protection circuit in the switch rising edge high level activated circuit. In the switch rising edge high level activated circuit, when the key switch is damaged or an abnormality occurs in the circuit short circuit, the circuit cannot reduce the power consumption of the power management PCM protection board, and it is easy to cause the lithium battery pack to be discharged all the time until it is completely out of power, greatly shortening the service life of the battery pack. SUMMARY

[0004] To overcome the problem that the switch rising edge high level activated circuit cannot simply and effectively prevent the lithium battery pack from being discharged all the time in the background technology, the present application provides a low-power consumption switch rising edge high level activated short-circuit protection circuit and PCB board.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a low-power consumption switch rising edge high level activated short-circuit protection circuit, which is arranged between a battery and a subsequent circuit, and comprises a start switch, a driving switch module, an isolation module for preventing short circuit, and an MCU chip for outputting an interlocking driving signal to the driving switch module.

[0007] The input end of the driving switch module is connected with the voltage output end of the battery, and the output end of the driving switch module is connected with the subsequent circuit. The input end of the start switch is connected with the voltage output end of the battery. The isolation module comprises a first isolation capacitor and a first resistor for forming a rising edge high level signal together with the first isolation capacitor. The input end of the first isolation capacitor is connected with the output end of the start switch, and the output end is connected with the input end of the first resistor. The output end of the first resistor is connected with the first control end of the driving switch module. The voltage end of the MCU chip is connected with the output end of the driving switch module, and the signal output end is connected with the second control end of the driving switch module.

[0008] In some preferred embodiments, the isolation module further comprises a second resistor, a third resistor and a first voltage reduction diode, the positive electrode of the first voltage reduction diode is connected with the output end of the starting switch, and the negative electrode is connected with the output end of the first isolation capacitor; the second resistor is connected in parallel across the first isolation capacitor; one end of the third resistor is connected between the negative electrode of the first voltage reduction diode and the input end of the first isolation capacitor, and the other end is grounded.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the driving switch module comprises a first triode, a second triode and a third triode, the emitter of the first triode is connected with the voltage output end of the battery, the base is connected with the collector of the second triode, and the collector is connected with the rear-stage circuit; the base of the second triode is connected with the output end of the first resistor, and the emitter is grounded; the collector of the third triode is connected with the base of the first triode, the base is connected with the signal output end of the MCU, and the emitter is grounded.

[0010] In some preferred embodiments, the first triode is a PNP type triode, and the second triode and the third triode are both NPN type triodes.

[0011] In some preferred embodiments, the model of the MCU chip is GD32E230C8T6.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments, the type of the starting switch is a touch switch.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the circuit further comprises an isolation diode, the positive electrode of the isolation diode is connected with the input end of the starting switch, and the negative electrode is connected with the voltage output end of the battery.

[0014] In some preferred embodiments, the circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor, one end of the first filter capacitor is connected between the output end of the starting switch and the positive electrode of the first voltage reduction diode, and the other end is grounded.

[0015] In some preferred embodiments, the circuit further comprises a voltage stabilization module, the voltage stabilization module is provided with a fourth resistor, a second voltage reduction diode and a second filter capacitor, the positive electrode of the second voltage reduction diode is connected with the collector of the first triode, and the negative electrode is grounded; the fourth resistor and the second filter capacitor are connected in parallel across the second voltage reduction diode respectively.

[0016] In the second aspect, the application provides a PCB board provided with the short-circuit protection circuit of the low-power consumption switch rising edge high level activation as described in the first aspect.

[0017] The beneficial effects are as follows:

[0018] The application mainly uses the method of reducing the starting voltage of the activation driving switch module to make the battery not connect the post-circuit to realize the effect of short circuit protection. When the starting switch is short-circuited abnormally, the starting voltage of the activation driving switch module cannot reach the predetermined value through the isolation module, so that the driving switch module cannot be turned on, the battery cannot supply power to the post-circuit, the battery is protected from discharging all the time, and the service life of the battery is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the application.

[0020] Figure 2 is the first circuit structure diagram of the application.

[0021] Figure 3 is the second circuit structure diagram of the application.

[0022] Among them: battery 10, driving switch module 20, post-circuit 30, starting switch 40, isolation module 50, MCU chip 60, voltage stabilizing module 70. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the application. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, not all of the embodiments.

[0024] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the application.

[0025] Example one:

[0026] As shown in Figure 1 The present embodiment provides a low-power consumption switch rising edge high-level activated short circuit protection circuit, which is arranged between the battery 10 and the post-circuit 30, and includes a driving switch module 20, a starting switch 40, an isolation module 50, and an MCU chip 60. (It is worth noting that in the circuit diagram, the starting switch can be represented by "S1", and the MCU chip can be represented by "U1").

[0027] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2The input end of the driving switch module 20 is connected with the voltage output end B+ of the battery 10, and the output end of the driving switch module 20 is connected with the post-stage circuit 30. The driving switch module 20 is mainly used for the conduction between the battery 10 and the post-stage circuit 30.

[0028] The input end of the starting switch 40 is connected with the voltage output end B+ of the battery 10. The starting switch 40 is mainly used for activating the driving switch module 20 to make the driving switch module 20 work.

[0029] The isolation module 50 includes a first isolation capacitor C1 and a first resistor R1. The input end of the first isolation capacitor C1 is connected with the output end of the starting switch 40, and the output end is connected with the input end of the first resistor R1. The output end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the first control end of the driving switch module 20. The isolation module 50 is mainly used for preventing the driving switch from working conduction when the starting switch 40 is short-circuited, causing excessive power consumption. When the starting switch 40 is connected, the electric signal is given to the isolation module 50, so that the first resistor R1 and the first isolation capacitor C1 together form a rising edge high-level electric signal acting on the first control end of the driving switch module 20 to activate the driving switch module 20 to work.

[0030] The voltage end of the MCU chip 60 is connected with the output end of the driving switch module 20, and the signal output end U1_MCU CON is connected with the second control end of the driving switch module 20. The MCU chip 60 is mainly used for outputting the interlocking driving signal to the driving switch module 20. When the driving switch module 20 and the MCU form an interlocking state, even if the starting switch 40 is disconnected, the driving module can continue to maintain the conduction state.

[0031] In the embodiment, the isolation module 50 further includes a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3 and a first voltage reduction diode D1. The positive electrode of the first voltage reduction diode D1 is connected with the output end of the starting switch 40, and the negative electrode is connected with the output end of the first isolation capacitor C1. The second resistor R2 is connected in parallel between the two ends of the first isolation capacitor C1. The third resistor R3 is connected between the negative electrode of the first voltage reduction diode D1 and the input end of the first isolation capacitor C1, and the other end is grounded. When the starting switch 40 is damaged or the starting switch 40 appears short-circuit abnormality between the two ends, the isolation effect of the first isolation capacitor C1, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the first voltage reduction diode D1 is used to greatly reduce the starting voltage for activating the driving switch module 20, so that the driving switch module 20 cannot be started, the self-consumption of the circuit is controlled in the microampere level, and the damage of the lithium battery 10 is effectively avoided.

[0032] In the embodiment, the driving switch module 20 comprises a first triode Q1, a second triode Q2 and a third triode Q3. The emitter of the first triode Q1 is connected with the voltage output end B+ of the battery 10, the base is connected with the collector of the second triode Q2, and the collector is connected with the subsequent circuit 30. The base of the second triode Q2 is connected with the output end of the first resistor R1, and the emitter is grounded. The collector of the third triode Q3 is connected with the base of the first triode Q1, the base is connected with the signal output end U1_MCUCON of the MCU, and the emitter is grounded. The first triode Q1 is mainly used for turning on the battery 10 and the subsequent circuit 30. The second triode Q2 is mainly used for activating the first triode Q1, so that the MCU chip 60 sends an interlocking signal to continuously make the third triode Q3 work. The interlocking signal is a high-level signal. When the third triode Q3 is continuously turned on, the first triode Q1 can also be continuously turned on, so that the interlocking state is formed.

[0033] In the embodiment, the first triode Q1 is a PNP type triode, and the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 are both NPN type triodes. The model of the MCU chip 60 is GD32E230C8T6.

[0034] In the embodiment, the type of the starting switch 40 is a touch switch.

[0035] In the embodiment, the circuit further comprises an isolation diode D2. The positive electrode of the isolation diode D2 is connected with the input end of the starting switch 40, and the negative electrode is connected with the voltage output end B+ of the battery 10. The isolation diode D2 is mainly used for preventing the voltage or current impact of reverse current from damaging the battery 10.

[0036] In the embodiment, the circuit further comprises a first filter capacitor C2. One end of the first filter capacitor C2 is connected between the output end of the starting switch 40 and the positive electrode of the first voltage reduction diode D1, and the other end is grounded. The first filter capacitor C2 mainly plays a role of starting filter voltage stabilization, so that the rising edge high-level electrical signal formed by the first isolation capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 is more stable.

[0037] In the embodiment, bias resistors are arranged between the emitters and the bases of the first triode Q1, the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 respectively. The circuit further comprises voltage division resistors arranged between different connection components.

[0038] The working principle of the embodiment can be that when the starting switch 40 is pressed, the voltage of the voltage output end B+ of the battery 10 passes through the isolation diode D2, the starting switch 40, the first voltage reduction diode D1, and then the first isolation capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 to form a rising edge high-level electrical signal, the electrical signal drives the second triode Q2 to be turned on, and then the base voltage of the first triode Q1 is pulled down, so that the first triode Q1 is also turned on, at this time, the battery 10 and the subsequent circuit 30 are turned on. Further, due to the conduction of the first triode Q1, the MCU chip 60 is powered on, the MCU chip 60 sends an interlocking signal to make the third triode Q3 work, continuously pulls down the base voltage of the first triode Q1, and makes the first triode Q1 continuously conduct, to form an interlocking state, at this time, even if the starting switch 40 is turned off, the driving switch module 20 will not be turned off, and the battery 10 continuously supplies power to the subsequent circuit 30.

[0039] When the subsequent circuit 30 needs to be in low-power sleep, the signal output end U1_MCU CON of the MCU chip 60 provides a low level to the base of the third triode Q3, so that the third triode Q3 is not turned on, and the first triode Q1 is not turned on, so that the battery 10 does not supply power to the subsequent circuit 30. When the starting switch 40 or the circuit between the two ends of the starting switch 40 is short-circuited abnormally, through the cooperation of the first isolation capacitor C1, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the first voltage reduction diode D1, an isolation effect is achieved, so that the starting voltage for activating the driving switch module 20 is greatly reduced, the driving switch module 20 cannot be started, the circuit self-consumption is controlled in the microampere level, and the damage of the lithium battery 10 is effectively avoided.

[0040] Embodiment two:

[0041] On the basis of the first embodiment, the difference of the embodiment is that:

[0042] As shown in Figure 3 The embodiment further includes a voltage stabilizing module 70, the voltage stabilizing module 70 is provided with a fourth resistor R4, a second voltage reduction diode D3 and a second filter capacitor C3, the positive electrode of the second voltage reduction diode D3 is connected with the collector of the first triode Q1, and the negative electrode is grounded. The fourth resistor R4 and the second filter capacitor C3 are connected in parallel at the two ends of the second voltage reduction diode D3. The cooperation of the fourth resistor R4, the second voltage reduction diode D3 and the second filter capacitor C3 can effectively stabilize the voltage output by the collector of the first triode Q1.

[0043] Through the above component connection, the working principle of the embodiment is as follows: when the starting switch 40 is pressed, the voltage of the voltage output end B+ of the battery 10 sequentially passes through the isolation diode D2, the starting switch 40, the first voltage reduction diode D1, and then passes through the first isolation capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 to form a rising high-level electrical signal, the electrical signal drives the second triode Q2 to be turned on, and then the base voltage of the first triode Q1 is pulled down, so that the first triode Q1 is also turned on, and through the voltage stabilizing module 70, the conduction voltage between the battery 10 and the subsequent circuit 30 can be stabilized. Further, due to the conduction of the first triode Q1, the MCU chip 60 is powered on, the MCU chip 60 sends an interlocking signal to make the third triode Q3 work, continuously pulls down the base voltage of the first triode Q1, and makes the first triode Q1 continuously conduct, so as to form an interlocking state, at this time, even if the starting switch 40 is disconnected, the driving switch module 20 will not be disconnected, and the battery 10 continuously supplies power to the subsequent circuit 30.

[0044] When the subsequent circuit 30 needs to be in low-power sleep, the signal output end U1_MCU CON of the MCU chip 60 provides a low level to the base of the third triode Q3, so that the third triode Q3 is not turned on, and the first triode Q1 is not turned on, so that the battery 10 does not supply power to the subsequent circuit 30. When the starting switch 40 or the circuit between the two ends of the starting switch 40 is short-circuited abnormally, through the cooperation of the first isolation capacitor C1, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the first voltage reduction diode D1, an isolation effect is achieved, so that the starting voltage for activating the driving switch module 20 is greatly reduced, the driving switch module 20 cannot be started, the circuit self-consumption is controlled in the microampere level, and the damage of the lithium battery 10 is effectively avoided.

[0045] Embodiment three:

[0046] The embodiment provides a PCB, which is provided with the short-circuit protection circuit of the low-power switch rising high level activation as described in the embodiment one or the embodiment two.

[0047] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] In the present application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, a first feature on or under a second feature can include the first and second features being in direct contact, or can include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature therebetween. Also, a first feature on, above and over a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means the first feature being horizontally higher than the second feature. A first feature under, below and under a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means the first feature being horizontally lower than the second feature.

[0049] Although the present application has been described in connection with the above specific embodiments, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous substitutions, modifications and changes can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A short-circuit protection circuit activated by a high-level rising edge of a low-power switch, characterized in that, The circuit is located between the battery and the subsequent circuit. The circuit includes a start switch, a drive switch module, an isolation module for short circuit protection, and an MCU chip for outputting an interlock drive signal to the drive switch module. The input terminal of the drive switch module is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery, and the output terminal of the drive switch module is connected to the subsequent circuit. The input terminal of the start switch is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery. The isolation module includes a first isolation capacitor and a first resistor for forming a rising edge high-level signal together with the first isolation capacitor. The input terminal of the first isolation capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the start switch, and the output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the first resistor. The output terminal of the first resistor is connected to the first control terminal of the drive switch module. The voltage terminal of the MCU chip is connected to the output terminal of the drive switch module, and the signal output terminal is connected to the second control terminal of the drive switch module. The isolation module further includes a second resistor, a third resistor, and a first step-down diode. The positive terminal of the first step-down diode is connected to the output terminal of the start switch, and the negative terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first isolation capacitor. The second resistor is connected in parallel across the two ends of the first isolation capacitor. One end of the third resistor is connected between the negative terminal of the first step-down diode and the input terminal of the first isolation capacitor, and the other end is grounded.

2. The short-circuit protection circuit activated by a high level on the rising edge of a low-power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive switch module includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and a third transistor. The emitter of the first transistor is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery, and its base is connected to the collector of the second transistor. The collector is connected to the subsequent circuit. The base of the second transistor is connected to the output terminal of the first resistor, and its emitter is grounded. The collector of the third transistor is connected to the base of the first transistor, and its base is connected to the signal output terminal of the MCU. Its emitter is grounded.

3. The short-circuit protection circuit activated by a high-level rising edge of the low-power switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first transistor is a PNP transistor, while the second and third transistors are both NPN transistors.

4. The short-circuit protection circuit activated by a high level on the rising edge of a low-power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU chip is model GD32E230C8T6.

5. The short-circuit protection circuit activated by a high level on the rising edge of a low-power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The type of start switch is a tactile switch.

6. The short-circuit protection circuit activated by a high level on the rising edge of a low-power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit also includes an isolation diode, the positive terminal of which is connected to the input terminal of the start switch, and the negative terminal of which is connected to the voltage output terminal of the battery.

7. The short-circuit protection circuit activated by a high level on the rising edge of a low-power switch according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit also includes a first filter capacitor, one end of which is connected between the output terminal of the start switch and the positive terminal of the first step-down diode, and the other end is grounded.

8. The short-circuit protection circuit activated by a high level on the rising edge of a low-power switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circuit also includes a voltage regulator module, which is equipped with a fourth resistor, a second step-down diode, and a second filter capacitor. The positive terminal of the second step-down diode is connected to the collector of the first transistor, and the negative terminal is grounded. The fourth resistor and the second filter capacitor are connected in parallel across the two ends of the second step-down diode.

9. A PCB board, characterized in that, The PCB board is provided with a short-circuit protection circuit activated by a high level on the rising edge of a low-power switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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