Method for breeding parent stock for obtaining high-quality silkworm eggs

Abstract

The application discloses a parent stock selection method for obtaining high-quality silkworm eggs, and comprises the following steps: S1, selecting silkworm eggs, selecting four parent stock codes Q, U, S and H of Gu Can No. 4, and respectively releasing the four parent stock codes to a breeding silkworm egg area for accelerating cocoon formation for 20 days; S2, selecting silkworm eggs in the cocoon accelerating process, light sensing, cocoon wrapping, dark protection and ant collecting; and S3, selecting ant collecting areas 12 of hatched silkworm eggs, wherein two areas are control areas, and area 10 is a test variety. The parent stock original stock is selected by the method, so that the quality of the parent stock is effectively improved, and the selected and bred original stock is obviously different from a conventional selection method, and the quality of a first-generation hybrid silkworm egg is significantly improved. The selection method can also be used for parent stock selection of the same type of variety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for breeding high-quality silkworm eggs, and particularly to a method for breeding mother silkworm eggs to obtain high-quality silkworm eggs, belonging to the field of silkworm breeding technology. Background Technology

[0002] The breeding of silkworm seeds follows a three-tiered breeding and four-tiered seed production system. This involves selecting mother seeds, original mother seeds, and primary seeds, followed by the breeding of first-generation hybrids. Mother seeds and original mother seeds are selected at the same initial stage; only by selecting high-quality mother seeds and original mother seeds can the next generation of superior seeds be produced, resulting in high-quality first-generation hybrids. This provides farmers with excellent seed sources for silkworm cocoon production, increasing economic benefits. Therefore, the selection of mother seeds and original mother seeds is the foundation for primary seed breeding and first-generation hybrid breeding. This, in turn, lays the seed foundation for obtaining superior silkworm seeds to produce high-quality cocoons, which are then processed into high-grade raw silk (5A and above). The goal is to achieve a cocoon yield of 50 kg per sheet, with a value of 2500 yuan per sheet, and a cocoon yield of 150 kg per mu (approximately 1000 kg per hectare) from mulberry trees, with a value of 7500 yuan per mu.

[0003] Currently, the selection and breeding of mother seeds is the first seed production stage in the three-level breeding and four-level seed production process. It is a mature technology in long-term practice. Mature technologies are often used in existing ways and are not easy to innovate or improve. In the breeding of high-fiber and high-yield varieties, people only apply this set of "three-level breeding and four-level seed production" procedures, neglecting the research and development of targeted and individualized breeding methods and programs for high-fiber and high-yield varieties. This invention is designed to address this issue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for breeding high-quality silkworm eggs to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Silkworm selection, four mother silkworm varieties of Guican No. 4 with codes Q, U, S and H were selected and sent out of the breeding and 20-moth incubation area respectively;

[0007] S2: In the process of promoting silkworm development, select silkworm eggs, light exposure, seed packaging, dark protection, and ant harvesting;

[0008] S3: Select 12 areas of well-hatched moths to collect ants, with two areas serving as controls and 10 areas as experimental species.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the breeding step S1 further includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Selecting mulberry leaves;

[0011] Step 2: Temperature and humidity control of the silkworm rearing environment;

[0012] Step 3: Environmental protection requirements within the cluster;

[0013] Step 4: Selection of moth-growing areas combined with individual selection;

[0014] Step 5: Single moth mating selection;

[0015] Step 6: Selection of moth breeding grounds for the next generation, i.e., the original species;

[0016] Step 7: Divide the moth-producing areas into two groups of five, and then crossbreed them to breed the original species.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the selection of mulberry leaves specifically involves selecting different mulberry leaves according to the silkworm's age.

[0018] First-instar silkworms: Select the third mulberry leaf from the top bud on the mulberry tree, with a yellowish-green color;

[0019] Second-instar silkworms: Select the fourth mulberry leaf from the top bud of the mulberry tree, with a green color tinged with yellow;

[0020] Third-instar silkworms: Select the 5th-6th mulberry leaf from the top bud of the mulberry tree;

[0021] Fourth instar silkworms: Select the 7th to 15th mulberry leaves or three-eyed leaves from the top bud of the mulberry tree;

[0022] Fifth-instar silkworms: Feed them with older mulberry leaves.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the humidity control of the silkworm eggs is specifically as follows: the growth temperature of the silkworm eggs is 25℃-27℃, and the growth humidity of the silkworm eggs is 70%-90%.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moth area selection combined with individual selection includes the following steps:

[0025] Moth selection: Selection is based on both physical condition and cocoon quality. Physical condition selection is based on data such as hatching rate, good egg rate, cocooning rate, cage death rate, and uniform pupal survival rate of the moth area, selecting from high to low, and prioritizing the original mother stock for successive generations. Cocoon quality selection focuses on cocoon layer weight and cocoon layer ratio, controlling the total cocoon weight within a certain range to improve cocoon uniformity. Simultaneously, a comprehensive comparison is made based on observation of cocoon shape, color, shrinkage, and uniformity in each moth area. The total cocoon weight of the original mother stock in each moth area is controlled within 0.1g above or below the average value, and the original mother stock weight is controlled within 0.2g.

[0026] Individual selection: Based on the characteristics of the variety, select superior individuals with good cocoon shape, positive cocoon color, and fine wrinkles from the moth area of ​​the mother species for weighing. The difference in total cocoon weight between the original mother species and the original mother species should be controlled within 0.2g above and below the batch average, and within 0.3g for the original mother species. The difference in cocoon layer weight between the original mother species and the original mother species should be controlled within 0.02g above and below the batch average, and within 0.04g for the original mother species.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the selection of the original breeding moth area specifically includes the following methods: the color of the ants, the habits of the ants and silkworms, the body color, body shape, and markings of the silkworms during the mature silkworm stage are investigated and recorded one by one, and the molting time of each age, the number of late-molting silkworms, weak silkworms, diseased and dead silkworms, and silkworms that do not spin cocoons are recorded in each moth area, and the number of moth areas and individuals that do not conform to the characteristics of the variety are strictly eliminated, and moth areas with uniform development, high uniformity, and low silkworm reduction rate are selected.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: by selecting and breeding mother breeds and original mother breeds, this invention effectively improves the quality of mother breeds, resulting in a significant difference between the selected and bred original mother breeds and conventional breeding methods, and a significant improvement in the quality of first-generation hybrid silkworm eggs. The breeding method of this invention can also be used for the selection and breeding of mother breeds of the same type. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] This invention provides a technical solution for a method of breeding high-quality silkworm eggs:

[0031] Includes the following steps

[0032] S1: Silkworm selection, four mother silkworm varieties of Guican No. 4 with codes Q, U, S and H were selected and sent out of the breeding and 20-moth incubation area respectively;

[0033] S2: In the process of promoting silkworm development, select silkworm eggs, light exposure, seed packaging, dark protection, and ant harvesting;

[0034] S3: Select 12 areas of well-hatched moths to collect ants, with two areas serving as controls and 10 areas as experimental species.

[0035] The breeding in step S1 also includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Selecting mulberry leaves;

[0037] Step 2: Temperature and humidity control for silkworm rearing;

[0038] Step 3: Environmental protection requirements within the cluster;

[0039] Step 4: Selection of moth-growing areas combined with individual selection;

[0040] Step 5: Single moth mating selection;

[0041] Step 6: Selection of moth breeding grounds for the next generation, i.e., the original species;

[0042] Step 7: Divide the moth-producing areas into two groups of five, and then crossbreed them to breed the original species.

[0043] The selection of mulberry leaves is specifically as follows: different mulberry leaves are selected according to the age of the silkworms.

[0044] First-instar silkworms: Select the third mulberry leaf from the top bud on the mulberry tree, with a yellowish-green color;

[0045] Second-instar silkworms: Select the fourth mulberry leaf from the top bud of the mulberry tree, with a green color tinged with yellow;

[0046] Third-instar silkworms: Select the 5th-6th mulberry leaf from the top bud of the mulberry tree;

[0047] Fourth instar silkworms: Select the 7th to 15th mulberry leaves or three-eyed leaves from the top bud of the mulberry tree;

[0048] Fifth-instar silkworms: Feed them with older mulberry leaves.

[0049] The specific humidity control for silkworm eggs is as follows: the optimal temperature for silkworm egg growth is 25℃-27℃, and the optimal humidity for silkworm egg growth is 70%-90%.

[0050] The selection process, from moth area selection to individual selection, includes the following steps:

[0051] Moth selection: Selection is based on both physical condition and cocoon quality. Physical condition selection is based on data such as hatching rate, good egg rate, cocooning rate, cage death rate, and uniform pupal survival rate of the moth area, selecting from high to low, and prioritizing the original mother stock for successive generations. Cocoon quality selection focuses on cocoon layer weight and cocoon layer ratio, controlling the total cocoon weight within a certain range to improve cocoon uniformity. Simultaneously, a comprehensive comparison is made based on observation of cocoon shape, color, shrinkage, and uniformity in each moth area. The total cocoon weight of the original mother stock in each moth area is controlled within 0.1g above or below the average value, and the original mother stock weight is controlled within 0.2g.

[0052] Individual selection: Based on the characteristics of the variety, select superior individuals with good cocoon shape, positive cocoon color, and fine wrinkles from the moth area of ​​the mother species for weighing. The difference in total cocoon weight between the original mother species and the original mother species should be controlled within 0.2g above and below the batch average, and within 0.3g for the original mother species. The difference in cocoon layer weight between the original mother species and the original mother species should be controlled within 0.02g above and below the batch average, and within 0.04g for the original mother species.

[0053] The selection of moth-producing areas for the original species includes the following methods: investigating and recording the color of the ants, the habits of the silkworms, and the body color, shape, and markings of the silkworms during the mature silkworm stage. Recording the molting time of each age, the number of late-molting silkworms, weak silkworms, diseased and dead silkworms, and silkworms that do not spin cocoons in each moth-producing area is also important. Strictly eliminate moth-producing areas and individuals that do not conform to the characteristics of the variety, and select moth-producing areas with uniform development, high uniformity, and low silkworm reduction rate.

[0054] Pupal selection: Based on individual weighing surveys, pupae that do not conform to the varietal characteristics and diseased pupae are removed;

[0055] Moth selection: When catching, sorting, and separating moths, thoroughly remove any undesirable moths such as short-winged moths, black-spotted moths, scorched-tail moths, fat moths, and moths with shed scales. Pay attention to observing the moth's body color, wing markings, and habits.

[0056] Single-moth mating selection: After selecting and determining the moth areas for breeding, mating with moths from the same area is strictly prohibited. Instead, mating must be carried out in groups of different moth areas to ensure the viability of the offspring of the variety.

[0057] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the indicated orientations or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0058] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two elements or an interaction between two elements. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for breeding high-quality silkworm eggs, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Silkworm seed selection: Four mother silkworm varieties of Guican No. 4, coded Q, U, S, and H, were selected and sent to the breeding and 20-moth incubation area respectively; S2: In the process of promoting greening, select silkworm eggs, light sensitivity, darkness protection, and ant harvesting; S3: Select 12 areas of well-hatched moth-producing areas to collect ants, with two areas serving as controls and 10 areas as experimental species; The method for breeding high-quality silkworm eggs is characterized in that: the breeding in step S1 further includes the following steps: Step 1: Selecting Mulberry Leaves; Step 2: Temperature control of the silkworm rearing environment; Step 3: Environmental protection requirements during the clustering process: Step 4: Selection of moth-growing areas combined with individual selection; Step 5: Single moth mating selection; Step 6: Selection of moth breeding grounds for the next generation, i.e., the original species; Step 7: Divide the moth-producing areas into two groups of five and raise and breed the original hybrids. The method for breeding high-quality silkworm eggs is characterized in that: the selection of mulberry leaves specifically involves selecting mulberry leaves of appropriate age and maturity based on the silkworm's age. First instar silkworms: Select the third mulberry leaf from the top bud of the mulberry tree, with a yellowish-green color; Second instar silkworms: Select the fourth mulberry leaf from the top bud of the mulberry tree, with a greenish-yellow color. Third-instar silkworms: Select the 5th-6th mulberry leaf from the top bud of the mulberry tree; Fourth instar silkworms: Select the 7th to 15th mulberry leaves or three-eyed leaves from the top bud of the mulberry tree; Fifth-instar silkworms: Feed them with older mulberry leaves; The selection of moth-growing areas combined with individual selection includes the following steps: Moth selection: Selection is based on both physical condition and cocoon quality. Physical condition selection is based on data such as hatching rate, good egg rate, cocooning rate, cage death rate, and uniform pupal survival rate of the moth area, selecting from high to low, and prioritizing the original mother stock for successive generations. Cocoon quality selection focuses on cocoon layer weight and cocoon layer ratio, controlling the total cocoon weight within a certain range to improve cocoon uniformity. Simultaneously, a comprehensive comparison is made based on observation of cocoon shape, color, shrinkage, and uniformity in each moth area. The total cocoon weight of the original mother stock in each moth area is controlled within 0.1g above or below the average value, and the original mother stock weight is controlled within 0.2g. Individual selection: Based on the characteristics of the variety, select superior individuals with good cocoon shape, positive cocoon color, and fine wrinkles from the moth area of ​​the mother seed for weighing. The difference in total cocoon weight between the original mother seed and the original mother seed should be controlled within 0.2g above and below the batch average, and within 0.3g for the original mother seed. The difference in cocoon layer weight between the original mother seed and the original mother seed should be controlled within 0.02g above and below the batch average, and within 0.04g for the original mother seed. The selection of the original breeding moth area specifically includes the following methods: investigating and recording the color of the ants, the habits of the ants and silkworms, and the body color, body shape, and markings of the silkworms during the mature silkworm stage. Recording the molting time of each age, the number of late-molting silkworms, weak silkworms, diseased and dead silkworms, and silkworms that do not spin cocoons in each moth area is also recorded. Moth areas and individuals that do not conform to the characteristics of the variety are strictly eliminated, and moth areas with uniform development, high uniformity, and low silkworm reduction rate are selected.

2. The method for breeding high-quality silkworm eggs according to claim 1, characterized in that... The temperature and humidity control of the silkworm rearing environment is as follows: the growth temperature of the silkworms is 25℃-27℃, and the growth humidity of the silkworms is 70%-90%.