Grinding wheel dressing apparatus and grinding wheel dressing method

Abstract

The application discloses a grinding wheel flattening device and a grinding wheel flattening method. The grinding wheel flattening device comprises a base, an ultrasonic vibration unit connected to the base, a flattening unit comprising a mounting base connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit and a flattening component connected to the mounting base, the flattening component being used for contacting diamond abrasive grains of the grinding wheel during flattening and being capable of ultrasonic vibration in a direction parallel to a grinding surface, a carrier unit, and a pressurizing unit connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit and used for pressing the flattening component against the diamond abrasive grains. The flattening component is made of a material capable of catalyzing graphitization of the diamond abrasive grains. When the flattening component keeps contacting the diamond abrasive grains under a certain temperature, the surface layer of the diamond abrasive grains is graphitized, the hardness is reduced, and the diamond abrasive grains can be removed more easily, that is, the flattening speed can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision machining technology, and in particular to a grinding wheel dressing device and a grinding wheel dressing method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development of technologies such as deep space exploration and satellite remote sensing, the surface quality requirements for key components such as space mirrors and infrared detectors have become increasingly stringent. Materials used to manufacture high-performance optical components mainly include hard and brittle materials such as tungsten carbide alloys, high-performance glass, and high-temperature resistant silicon carbide ceramics. These materials are characterized by high brittleness, low fracture toughness, and near-optimal elastic limits, making them highly susceptible to surface cracks and subsurface damage during processing. To minimize damage to the workpiece surface and subsurface during processing, high-precision, high-surface-quality machining of hard and brittle optical components typically employs a combination of grinding, lapping, and polishing. Lapping and polishing are subsequent processing steps after grinding to remove surface or subsurface damage generated during grinding, improving surface quality and meeting the high-performance requirements of optical components. However, lapping and polishing have low material removal rates and low processing efficiency. Therefore, to improve the overall processing efficiency of hard and brittle material components, it is necessary to improve the surface quality and processing efficiency of the grinding stage, thereby reducing the time required for subsequent lapping and polishing processes. The main method to improve the surface quality of grinding is to dress and align the diamond abrasive grains on the grinding wheel. There are various methods for dressing diamond abrasive grains in related technologies, such as turning dressing, grinding dressing, single-point diamond pen dressing, cup-shaped grinding wheel dressing, and diamond roller dressing. However, the high hardness of diamond abrasive grains leads to problems such as low efficiency, easy deformation of grinding wheels, easy damage to surface abrasive grains, and rapid wear of dressing tools. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a grinding wheel dressing device that can improve dressing efficiency and alleviate problems such as grinding wheel deformation, abrasive grain breakage, and rapid wear of dressing tools.

[0004] The present invention also proposes a grinding wheel dressing method using the grinding wheel dressing equipment.

[0005] The grinding wheel dressing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used for dressing diamond abrasive grains on the grinding surface of a grinding wheel, comprising:

[0006] Base;

[0007] An ultrasonic vibration unit is connected to the base;

[0008] The dressing unit includes a mounting base connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit and a dressing component connected to the mounting base. The dressing component is used to contact the diamond abrasive grains of the grinding wheel during dressing, and the dressing component can be driven by the ultrasonic vibration unit to perform ultrasonic vibration in a direction parallel to the grinding surface.

[0009] A loading unit, connected to the base, is used to fix the grinding wheel to be smoothed;

[0010] A pressurizing unit, connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit, is used to press the leveling component against the diamond abrasive grains;

[0011] The smoothing component is made of a material capable of catalyzing the graphitization of the diamond abrasive grains.

[0012] The grinding wheel dressing device according to embodiments of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The dressing component is made of a material that can catalyze the graphitization of diamond abrasive grains. When the dressing component is in contact with the diamond abrasive grains and under certain temperature conditions, the surface layer of the diamond abrasive grains will be graphitized, reducing their hardness and making them easier to remove, thus increasing the dressing speed. Furthermore, compared to traditional mechanical removal methods, the forces acting on the diamond abrasive grains and the dressing unit during the removal process are smaller. Therefore, problems such as easy deformation of the grinding wheel, easy breakage of surface abrasive grains, and rapid wear of the dressing tool can all be improved.

[0014] In other embodiments of the invention, the leveling component is made of iron, cobalt, nickel, an iron alloy, a cobalt alloy, or a nickel alloy.

[0015] In other embodiments of the invention, the smoothing component is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements IVB, VB, and VIB.

[0016] In other embodiments of the invention, the smoothing component is made of chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium alloy, tungsten alloy, or molybdenum alloy.

[0017] In other embodiments of the present invention, the grinding wheel dressing device includes at least one of the following:

[0018] The vibration frequency of the leveling component is 20KHz to 100KHz;

[0019] The pressure between the leveling component and the grinding wheel is 50N to 2805N;

[0020] The amplitude of the leveling component is 5 μm to 65 μm.

[0021] The power of the ultrasonic vibration unit is 1000W to 8000W.

[0022] In other embodiments of the invention, the pressurizing unit includes a power device having a telescopic drive shaft connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit for driving the ultrasonic vibration unit to move in a direction toward or away from the load unit.

[0023] In other embodiments of the present invention, the power device includes a cylinder, and the pressurizing unit further includes a lead screw, a lead screw seat, and a limiting component. The lead screw is arranged parallel to the drive shaft of the cylinder, the lead screw seat is connected to the lead screw, and the limiting component is connected to the drive shaft or the ultrasonic vibration unit, and is able to abut against the lead screw seat after the ultrasonic vibration unit moves to a set position in a direction close to the loading unit.

[0024] In other embodiments of the present invention, the power device includes a cylinder, and the pressurizing unit further includes a lead screw, a lead screw seat, and a limiting component. The lead screw is arranged parallel to the drive shaft of the cylinder, the lead screw seat is connected to the lead screw, and the limiting component is connected to the drive shaft or the ultrasonic vibration unit, and is able to abut against the lead screw seat after the ultrasonic vibration unit moves to a set position in a direction away from the loading unit.

[0025] In other embodiments of the invention, the smoothing component is detachably connected to the mounting base, and / or the smoothing component has a mirror surface, through which the smoothing component contacts the mounting base.

[0026] The grinding wheel dressing method according to the second embodiment of the present invention, used for dressing diamond abrasive grains on the grinding surface of a grinding wheel, includes the following steps:

[0027] Fix the grinding wheel to be smoothed;

[0028] The smoothing component is pressed against the diamond abrasive grains. The smoothing component is made of a material that can catalyze the graphitization of the diamond abrasive grains, and the smoothing component is subjected to ultrasonic vibration in a direction parallel to the grinding surface.

[0029] In other embodiments of the invention, the smoothing component is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements of Group VIIB or Group VIII.

[0030] In other embodiments of the invention, the leveling component is made of iron, nickel, an iron alloy, or a nickel alloy.

[0031] In other embodiments of the invention, the smoothing component is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements IVB, VB, and VIB.

[0032] In other embodiments of the invention, the smoothing component is made of chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium alloy, tungsten alloy, or molybdenum alloy.

[0033] In other embodiments of the present invention, the grinding wheel dressing method includes at least one of the following:

[0034] The vibration frequency of the leveling component is 20KHz to 100KHz;

[0035] The pressure between the leveling component and the grinding wheel is 50N to 2805N;

[0036] The amplitude of the leveling component is 5 μm to 65 μm;

[0037] The power of the ultrasonic vibration unit is 1000W to 8000W.

[0038] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0040] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the grinding wheel dressing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a medium grinding wheel dressing equipment from another direction;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a microscopic schematic diagram of the surface of the grinding wheel after it has been smoothed using the present invention.

[0043] Figure label:

[0044] Base 100;

[0045] Ultrasonic vibration unit 200, ultrasonic transducer 210, amplitude transformer 220;

[0046] Leveling unit 300, mounting base 310, leveling component 320

[0047] Cargo unit 400;

[0048] Pressurization unit 500, power device 510, drive shaft 511, first lead screw 520, first lead screw seat 530, limiting component, second lead screw 550, second lead screw seat 560, detection device 540;

[0049] Grinding wheel 600, diamond abrasive grains 610, graphite layer 611, binder 620;

[0050] Handle 700. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0053] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0054] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0055] In the description of this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0056] Reference Figure 1The figure illustrates the leveling principle of the present invention. As shown, a typical grinding wheel 600 has a horizontal grinding surface (e.g., the upper surface). The grinding wheel 600 consists of abrasive (diamond abrasive grains 610 in this invention) and a bonding agent 620. The diamond abrasive grains 610 are fixed by the bonding agent 620. The diamond abrasive grains 610 exposed from the bonding agent 620 perform the grinding action. The flatness of the diamond abrasive grains 610 will affect the grinding quality. For example, when the height of the exposed diamond abrasive grains 610 is inconsistent, the grinding amount of the diamond abrasive grains 610 with a larger exposed height is greater than that of the diamond abrasive grains 610 with a smaller exposed height. Ultimately, this results in the surface quality of the workpiece not meeting the requirements. The higher the surface quality requirement of the workpiece, the more serious the impact of uneven abrasive grains. There are various methods for dressing diamond abrasive grains in related technologies, such as turning dressing, grinding dressing, single-point diamond pen dressing, cup-shaped grinding wheel dressing, and diamond roller dressing. However, the above-mentioned mechanical dressing methods all have problems such as low efficiency, easy deformation of the grinding wheel, easy damage to the surface abrasive grains, and rapid wear of dressing tools. Based on this, the present invention proposes a grinding wheel dressing device, which reduces the surface hardness of the abrasive grains by graphitizing the diamond abrasive grains, and continuously removes the converted graphite by ultrasonic vibration, thereby achieving rapid dressing of the grinding wheel. The following is a detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Reference Figure 2 The grinding wheel dressing device of this invention includes a base 100, an ultrasonic vibration unit 200, a dressing unit 300, a loading unit 400, and a pressurizing unit 500. The loading unit 400 is used to place and fix the grinding wheel 600 to be dressed. The ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is used to drive the dressing unit 300 to generate ultrasonic vibration. The pressurizing unit 500 is used to make the dressing unit 300 and the grinding wheel 600 press against each other.

[0058] The base 100 serves as a load-bearing structure for mounting the aforementioned ultrasonic vibration unit 200, the load unit 400, and the pressurization unit 500. The ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is connected to the base 100 and includes an ultrasonic transducer 210 and an amplitude transformer 220. The amplitude transformer 220 is connected to the ultrasonic transducer 210. The ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is used to generate ultrasonic vibrations. It should be noted that the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 can employ known technology, which will not be detailed here.

[0059] The dressing unit 300 is connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit 200, specifically to the amplitude transformer 220 of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200. As the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is activated, the dressing unit 300 synchronously generates ultrasonic vibrations. The dressing unit 300 includes a mounting base 310 and a dressing component 320. The dressing component 320 is the component that performs the dressing function, and it maintains contact with the diamond abrasive grains 610 during the dressing process. The dressing component 320 is connected to the amplitude transformer 220 of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 via the mounting base 310. Adapted to the shape of the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 600, the dressing component 320 has a contact surface that matches the grinding surface, such as the horizontal lower surface shown in the figure.

[0060] The carrier unit 400 is fixedly connected to the base 100 and is used to fix the grinding wheel 600 to be leveled. Normally, the grinding wheel 600 is fixed on the tool holder 700, which is fixed to the carrier unit 400 by a tooling fixture (not shown).

[0061] The pressurizing unit 500 includes a power device 510 connected to the base 100. The power device 510 has a drive end connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit 200. The pressurizing unit 500 can apply a force toward the carrier unit 400 to the ultrasonic vibration unit 200, so that the leveling component 320 can press against the diamond abrasive grains 610 to be leveled. This increases the friction between the leveling component 320 and the diamond abrasive grains 610, facilitating the generation of sufficient heat during ultrasonic vibration. At the same time, the pressing of the leveling component 320 against the diamond abrasive grains 610 can also quickly remove the transformed graphite. The power device 510 can be a cylinder, electrode, or electric cylinder, etc., and its specific configuration will be described in subsequent embodiments.

[0062] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 can drive the dressing unit 300 to generate ultrasonic vibration in a direction parallel to the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 600. This ultrasonic vibration has at least the following effects: on the one hand, it causes high-speed friction between the dressing component 320 and the diamond abrasive grains 610, heating the diamond abrasive grains 610 and accelerating the transformation of the surface layer of the diamond abrasive grains 610 into graphite; on the other hand, after the surface layer of the diamond abrasive grains 610 is graphitized, the graphite is removed by ultrasonic vibration, allowing the inner diamond layer to continue to contact the dressing component 320 and be dressed. In this embodiment, the dressing component 320 is made of a material capable of catalyzing the graphitization of the diamond abrasive grains 610. When the dressing component 320 maintains contact with the diamond abrasive grains 610, and under certain temperature conditions, the surface layer of the diamond abrasive grains 610 will be graphitized. Figure 1In this process, the dressing component 320 first contacts the diamond abrasive grain 610 with a higher cutting edge (e.g., the diamond abrasive grain 610 on the right side of the figure), and is pressed against the diamond abrasive grain 610 by the pressure unit 500. The ultrasonic vibration unit 200 drives the dressing component 320 to generate ultrasonic vibration in a direction parallel to the grinding surface (left and right direction in the figure). Due to frictional heat, the diamond abrasive grain 610, combined with the catalytic effect of the dressing component 320 on the diamond abrasive grain 610, transforms the surface layer of the diamond abrasive grain 610 in contact with the dressing component 320 into a graphite layer 611. The transformed graphite layer 611 is removed by the high-speed vibration of the dressing component 320. During this process, the height of the diamond abrasive grain 610 on the right side continuously decreases. After being lowered to a certain height, the leveling component 320 contacts the diamond abrasive grain 610 with a lower cutting edge (e.g., the diamond abrasive grain 610 on the left in the figure), so that the diamond abrasive grain 610 on the left is also leveled in the same way. Finally, the cutting edge height of the diamond abrasive grain 610 on the right is roughly the same as that of the diamond abrasive grain 610 on the left. By extension, the diamond abrasive grains 610 on the entire grinding surface have roughly equal cutting edge heights, which can ensure the surface quality of the workpiece when the grinding wheel 600 grinds the workpiece.

[0063] When diamond is transformed into a graphite layer 611, its hardness is significantly reduced, making it easier to remove and thus increasing the leveling speed. Specifically, traditional mechanical leveling takes tens of minutes, while this embodiment only takes tens of seconds. Furthermore, compared to traditional mechanical removal methods, the forces acting on the diamond abrasive grains 610 and the leveling unit 300 during the removal process are smaller. Therefore, problems such as easy deformation of the grinding wheel, easy breakage of surface abrasive grains, and rapid wear of the leveling tool can be improved. It should be noted that although diamond graphitization is a well-known principle in the art, the conventional understanding is to avoid graphitization of diamond abrasive grains because graphitization reduces the hardness of the diamond abrasive grains, severely affecting their grinding ability. This invention breaks through the conventional understanding in the technical field by applying the avoidable graphitization to the leveling of abrasive grains, thereby improving leveling efficiency.

[0064] Taking the figure as an example, one layout of the grinding wheel dressing device is as follows: the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is set on the upper side of the carrying unit 400 and the pressurizing unit 500. In the ultrasonic vibration unit 200, the ultrasonic transducer 210 and the amplitude transformer 220 are arranged in the horizontal direction. The mounting base 310 in the dressing unit 300 is connected to one end of the amplitude transformer 220 in the horizontal direction. The dressing component 320 is connected to the lower side of the mounting base 310 and is located on the upper side of the carrying unit 400. In this way, when the grinding wheel 600 is fixed to the carrying unit 400, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel 600 is set horizontally and faces upward toward the dressing component 320. The dressing component 320 can press against the grinding wheel 600 in the vertical direction and can vibrate in the horizontal direction to perform dressing, thereby facilitating the operator to install and remove the grinding wheel 600.

[0065] In some embodiments, the leveling component 320 is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements of Group VIIB or Group VIII. Metallic elements or alloys containing these elements have high catalytic performance, enabling them to accelerate the graphitization of diamond abrasive grains. In some specific embodiments, the leveling component 320 is made of iron, cobalt, nickel, iron alloys, cobalt alloys, or nickel alloys.

[0066] In some embodiments, the leveling component 320 is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements IVB, VB, and VIB. Besides catalyzing graphitization, the metallic element or alloy containing these elements can also combine with diamond to form carbides with lower hardness. With the ultrasonic vibration of the leveling component 320, the aforementioned carbides and graphite are removed together. In some specific embodiments, the leveling component 320 is made of chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, a chromium alloy, a tungsten alloy, or a molybdenum alloy.

[0067] To ensure the smoothing effect, the relevant parameters of the grinding wheel smoothing equipment can be adjusted. In some embodiments, the vibration frequency of the smoothing component 320 is between 20 kHz and 100 kHz. It is understood that as the vibration frequency of the smoothing component 320 increases, the number of friction cycles between the smoothing component 320 and the diamond abrasive grains 610 per unit time also increases, thereby increasing the temperature of the diamond abrasive grains 610 and the speed of removing the graphite layer 611, that is, improving the smoothing efficiency. In specific embodiments, the vibration frequency of the smoothing component 320 is 20 kHz, 30 kHz, 40 kHz, 60 kHz, 75 kHz, 100 kHz, etc.

[0068] In some embodiments, the pressure between the dressing component 320 and the grinding wheel 600 is 50 N to 2805 N. It is understood that as the pressure between the dressing component 320 and the grinding wheel 600 increases, the friction between them also increases accordingly, thereby increasing the temperature of the diamond abrasive grains 610 and accelerating the graphitization process of the diamond abrasive grains, that is, improving the dressing efficiency. In specific embodiments, the pressure between the dressing component 320 and the grinding wheel 600 is 50 N, 250 N, 400 N, 500 N, 660 N, 900 N, 1000 N, 1300 N, 1700 N, 2000 N, 2500 N, 2805 N, etc.

[0069] In some embodiments, the amplitude of the leveling component 320 is between 5 μm and 65 μm. It is understood that as the vibration amplitude of the leveling component 320 increases, the frictional distance between the leveling component 320 and the diamond abrasive grain 610 increases while maintaining the same frequency. This increases the temperature of the diamond abrasive grain 610, thereby improving the leveling efficiency. In specific embodiments, the amplitude of the leveling component 320 is 5 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm, 15 μm, 24 μm, 42 μm, 50 μm, 65 μm, etc.

[0070] In some embodiments, the power of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is between 1000W and 8000W. The power of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is positively correlated with the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration. As the power of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 increases, the vibration amplitude of the leveling component 320 also increases accordingly. With the frequency remaining constant, the frictional distance between the leveling component 320 and the diamond abrasive grain 610 increases, thereby increasing the temperature of the diamond abrasive grain 610, which in turn improves the leveling efficiency. In specific embodiments, the power of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is 1000W, 2000W, 3000W, 4000W, 5000W, 6000W, 8000W, etc.

[0071] It should be noted that the above parameters can be combined and adjusted according to different grinding wheels.

[0072] The following experiment illustrates the process. The experimental conditions were as follows: the grinding wheel was a brazed diamond wheel with a grit of #80, a diameter of 6mm, and a length of 50mm. The ultrasonic vibration unit 200 had a power of 5000W and a frequency of 20kHz. The pressure between the dressing component 320 and the grinding wheel 600 was 1246N. The single processing time was 8s, and the total number of processing cycles was 6. (Refer to...) Figure 3 , Figure 3The right-hand image is an enlarged view of a portion of the left-hand image. The dashed elliptical boxes indicate the area to be enlarged, and the thin solid lines are guide lines for the enlarged area. As can be seen from the image, after the diamond particles are trimmed, a thermochemical reaction occurs in the diamond within a short time, resulting in a network structure at higher elevations. This network structure is a result of the graphitization of the diamond abrasive particles. The instantaneous heat generated by high-frequency ultrasonic vibration can rapidly raise the temperature of the diamond in a short period, further accelerating the thermochemical removal process.

[0073] This embodiment utilizes the instantaneous temperature generated by ultrasound, combined with the catalytic effect of the catalytic metal, to graphitize diamond in a shorter time. For example, in the aforementioned experiment, the processing time for a single operation was only 8 seconds, which greatly improves efficiency compared to traditional grinding wheel dressing methods.

[0074] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific structure of the grinding wheel dressing equipment. Figure 2 The pressurizing unit 500 includes a power device 510, which has a telescopic drive shaft 511. Correspondingly, the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is slidably connected to the base 100. The drive shaft 511 is connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 as the aforementioned drive end and is used to drive the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 to move in a direction close to or away from the carrier unit 400. When the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 moves in a direction away from the carrier unit 400, the distance between the leveling component 320 and the carrier unit 400 increases, and the grinding wheel 600 can be disassembled and assembled. When the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 moves in a direction close to the carrier unit 400 until the leveling component 320 and the grinding wheel 600 abut against each other, the pressure is applied to the carrier unit 400, so that the leveling component 320 and the grinding wheel 600 are pressed together with a set pressure.

[0075] As one specific implementation of the pressurizing unit 500, in addition to providing pressure, the pressurizing unit 500 can also precisely control the extreme position of the leveling component 320 moving toward the grinding wheel 600, thereby achieving both abrasive grain leveling and preventing excessive wear of the abrasive grains. In some embodiments, the power device 510 is selected from power devices capable of precise control, such as stepper motors or servo motors, and is driven by a lead screw. In other embodiments, refer to... Figure 2The power device 510 includes a cylinder, and the drive shaft 511 is the cylinder shaft of the cylinder. The cylinder body is fixedly connected to the base 100. Compared with stepper motors or servo motors, the cost of cylinders is significantly reduced. However, cylinders cannot achieve precise control. Based on this, the pressurization unit 500 also includes a lead screw, a lead screw seat, and a limiting component. For easy distinction, the lead screw and lead screw seat in this embodiment are respectively named the first lead screw 520 and the first lead screw seat 530. The first lead screw 520 is arranged parallel to the drive shaft 511 of the cylinder, for example, in the vertical direction. The first lead screw seat 530 is connected to the first lead screw 520 by a threaded connection. When the first lead screw seat 530 rotates relative to the first lead screw 520, the first lead screw seat 530 can move along the first lead screw 520. The limiting component is connected to the drive shaft 511 or the ultrasonic vibration unit 200. That is, it ensures that the limiting component can move synchronously with the ultrasonic vibration unit 200. For example, as shown in the diagram, when the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 moves vertically, the limiting component is positioned above the first lead screw seat 530. In use, the position of the first lead screw seat 530 on the first lead screw 520 is adjusted according to the height of the grinding wheel 600. The leveling component 320, driven by a cylinder, presses against the abrasive grain. As the graphite layer on the surface of the abrasive grain is continuously removed, the height of the abrasive grain decreases. The ultrasonic vibration unit 200 and the leveling component 300 move synchronously in the direction closer to the carrier unit 400. When the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 moves to the set position, the limiting component abuts against the first lead screw seat 530, restricting further movement of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 and the leveling component 300, thereby ensuring that the remaining height of the abrasive grain meets the requirements. It is understandable that this embodiment uses a cylinder as the drive source and uses a lead screw, lead screw seat and limiting components for position control, which can achieve precise control and significantly reduce costs compared with stepper motors or servo motors.

[0076] When the pressurizing unit 500 includes a first lead screw 520, a first lead screw seat 530, and a limiting member, in some embodiments, the pressurizing unit 500 further includes a detection device 540. The detection device 540 is used to detect the position of the first lead screw seat 530 on the first lead screw 520, thereby controlling the extreme position of the leveling member 320 moving toward the grinding wheel 600 in conjunction with the limiting member. In some embodiments, in addition to being able to detect, the detection device 540 also has a display member capable of displaying the detection result; specifically, the detection device 540 may be a grating digital caliper.

[0077] In some embodiments, the power device 510 includes a cylinder, the drive shaft 511 is the cylinder shaft of the cylinder, and the cylinder body is fixedly connected to the base 100. The pressurizing unit 500 also includes a lead screw, a lead screw seat, and a limiting component (not shown). For ease of distinction, the lead screw and lead screw seat in this embodiment are respectively named the second lead screw 550 and the second lead screw seat 560. The second lead screw 550 is arranged parallel to the drive shaft 511 of the cylinder, for example, in a vertical direction. The second lead screw seat 560 is connected to the second lead screw 550 by a threaded connection. When the second lead screw seat 560 rotates relative to the second lead screw 550, the second lead screw seat 560 can move along the second lead screw 550. The limiting component is connected to the drive shaft 511 or the ultrasonic vibration unit 200, that is, it is sufficient to ensure that the limiting component can move synchronously with the ultrasonic vibration unit 200. Taking the figure as an example, when the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 moves in a vertical direction, the limiting component is positioned above the second lead screw seat 560. When the grinding wheel 600 needs to be disassembled or assembled, the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 moves away from the load unit 400. When the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 moves to the set position, the limiting component and the second lead screw 550 abut against each other to limit further movement. In this way, it can be avoided that the cylinder drive shaft 511 needs to be driven to the limit position every time it is disassembled or assembled, which helps to improve efficiency. In addition, by moving the second lead screw seat 560, the limit position of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 and the leveling unit 300 moving away from the grinding wheel 600 can be adjusted to adapt to grinding wheels 600 of different sizes.

[0078] When the pressurizing unit 500 includes a second lead screw 550, a second lead screw seat 560, and a limiting member, in some embodiments, the pressurizing unit 500 also includes a detection device 540. The detection device 540 is used to detect the position of the second lead screw seat 560 on the second lead screw 550, thereby controlling the leveling member 320 to move to its limit position away from the grinding wheel 600 in conjunction with the limiting member. In some embodiments, in addition to being able to detect, the detection device 540 also has a display member that can display the detection result. Specifically, the detection device 540 may be a grating digital caliper.

[0079] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be combined to... Figure 2 As shown in the example, the first lead screw 520 and the second lead screw 550 are respectively disposed on both sides of the drive shaft 511, and the limiting components are respectively located between the first lead screw seat 530 and the second lead screw seat 560, thereby limiting the extreme positions of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 in two directions.

[0080] In some embodiments, the leveling component 320 is detachably connected to the mounting base 310 so that the leveling component 320 can be replaced when it wears out. Specifically, the leveling component 320 is provided with a through hole, and the mounting base 310 is provided with a threaded hole. A threaded fastener passes through the through hole of the leveling component 320 and is threadedly connected to the mounting base 310.

[0081] In some embodiments, the surface of the leveling component 320 that contacts the mounting base 310 is a mirror surface, thereby reducing losses during the transmission of ultrasonic vibrations.

[0082] This invention also proposes a grinding wheel dressing method for dressing diamond abrasive grains 610 on the grinding surface of a grinding wheel 600, comprising the following steps:

[0083] Step 1: Secure the grinding wheel 600 to be leveled. For example, the grinding wheel 600 can be secured to the loading unit 400 of the aforementioned grinding wheel leveling device.

[0084] Step 2: The dressing component 320 is brought into contact with the diamond abrasive grain 610. The dressing component 320 is made of a material capable of catalyzing the graphitization of the diamond abrasive grain 610, and the dressing component 320 is subjected to ultrasonic vibration in a direction parallel to the grinding surface. For example, the pressure unit 500 of the aforementioned grinding wheel dressing equipment can be used to drive the dressing component 320 to press against the diamond abrasive grain 610, and the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 of the aforementioned grinding wheel dressing equipment can be used to drive the dressing component 320 to generate ultrasonic vibration.

[0085] The leveling component 320 in this embodiment is made of a material capable of catalyzing the graphitization of diamond abrasive grains 610. When the leveling component 320 is in contact with the diamond abrasive grains 610 and under certain temperature conditions, the surface layer of the diamond abrasive grains 610 will be graphitized. After the diamond is transformed into a graphite layer 611, its hardness will be significantly reduced, making it easier to remove, thus increasing the leveling speed. Specifically, the leveling time of traditional mechanical leveling takes tens of minutes, while that of this embodiment only takes tens of seconds. In addition, compared with traditional mechanical removal methods, the forces exerted on the diamond abrasive grains 610 and the leveling unit 300 during the removal process are smaller, thus improving problems such as easy deformation of the grinding wheel, easy breakage of surface abrasive grains, and rapid wear of leveling tools. It should be noted that although diamond graphitization is a well-known principle in the field, the conventional understanding in the field is to avoid graphitization of diamond abrasive grains because graphitization reduces the hardness of diamond abrasive grains and seriously affects their grinding ability. This invention breaks through the conventional understanding in the technical field by applying graphitization, which should be avoided, to the leveling of abrasive grains, thereby improving the leveling efficiency.

[0086] In some embodiments, the leveling component 320 is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements of Group VIIB or Group VIII. Metallic elements or alloys containing these elements have high catalytic performance, enabling them to accelerate the graphitization of diamond abrasive grains. In some specific embodiments, the leveling component 320 is made of iron, cobalt, nickel, iron alloys, cobalt alloys, or nickel alloys.

[0087] In some embodiments, the leveling component 320 is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements IVB, VB, and VIB. Besides catalyzing graphitization, the metallic element or alloy containing these elements can also combine with diamond to form carbides with lower hardness. With the ultrasonic vibration of the leveling component 320, the aforementioned carbides and graphite are removed together. In some specific embodiments, the leveling component 320 is made of chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, a chromium alloy, a tungsten alloy, or a molybdenum alloy.

[0088] To ensure the smoothing effect, the relevant parameters of the grinding wheel smoothing method can be adjusted. In some embodiments, the vibration frequency of the smoothing component 320 is between 20 kHz and 100 kHz. It is understood that as the vibration frequency of the smoothing component 320 increases, the number of friction cycles between the smoothing component 320 and the diamond abrasive grains 610 per unit time also increases, thereby increasing the temperature of the diamond abrasive grains 610 and the speed of removing the graphite layer 611, that is, improving the smoothing efficiency. In specific embodiments, the vibration frequency of the smoothing component 320 is 20 kHz, 30 kHz, 40 kHz, 60 kHz, 75 kHz, 100 kHz, etc.

[0089] In some embodiments, the pressure between the dressing component 320 and the grinding wheel 600 is 311 N to 2805 N. It is understood that as the pressure between the dressing component 320 and the grinding wheel 600 increases, the friction between them also increases accordingly, thereby increasing the temperature of the diamond abrasive grains 610 and accelerating the graphitization process of the diamond abrasive grains, that is, improving the dressing efficiency. In specific embodiments, the pressure between the dressing component 320 and the grinding wheel 600 is 50 N, 250 N, 400 N, 500 N, 660 N, 900 N, 1000 N, 1300 N, 1700 N, 2000 N, 2500 N, 2805 N, etc.

[0090] In some embodiments, the amplitude of the leveling component 320 is between 5 μm and 65 μm. It is understood that as the vibration amplitude of the leveling component 320 increases, the frictional distance between the leveling component 320 and the diamond abrasive grain 610 increases while maintaining the same frequency. This increases the temperature of the diamond abrasive grain 610, thereby improving the leveling efficiency. In specific embodiments, the amplitude of the leveling component 320 is 5 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm, 15 μm, 24 μm, 42 μm, 50 μm, 65 μm, etc.

[0091] In some embodiments, the power of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is between 1000W and 8000W. The power of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is positively correlated with the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration. As the power of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 increases, the vibration amplitude of the leveling component 320 also increases accordingly. With the frequency remaining constant, the frictional distance between the leveling component 320 and the diamond abrasive grain 610 increases, thereby increasing the temperature of the diamond abrasive grain 610, which in turn improves the leveling efficiency. In specific embodiments, the power of the ultrasonic vibration unit 200 is 1000W, 2000W, 3000W, 4000W, 5000W, 6000W, 8000W, etc.

[0092] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A grinding wheel dressing device, used for dressing diamond abrasive grains on the grinding surface of a grinding wheel, characterized in that, include: Base; An ultrasonic vibration unit is connected to the base; The dressing unit includes a mounting base connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit and a dressing component connected to the mounting base. The dressing component is used to contact the diamond abrasive grains of the grinding wheel during dressing, and the dressing component can be driven by the ultrasonic vibration unit to perform ultrasonic vibration in a direction parallel to the grinding surface. A loading unit, connected to the base, is used to fix the grinding wheel to be smoothed; A pressurizing unit, connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit, is used to press the leveling component against the diamond abrasive grains; The smoothing component is made of a material that can catalyze the graphitization of the diamond abrasive grains. It is configured to accelerate the transformation of the surface layer of the diamond abrasive grains into graphite by high-speed friction with the diamond abrasive grains under the drive of the ultrasonic vibration unit, and to remove the transformed graphite through vibration to contact the inner diamond layer.

2. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoothing component is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements from Group VIIB and Group VIII.

3. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The smoothing component is made of iron, cobalt, nickel, iron alloy, cobalt alloy, or nickel alloy.

4. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoothing component is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements IVB, VB, and VIB.

5. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The smoothing component is made of chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium alloy, tungsten alloy, or molybdenum alloy.

6. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding wheel dressing equipment includes at least one of the following: The vibration frequency of the leveling component is 20 kHz to 100 kHz; The pressure between the leveling component and the grinding wheel is 50N to 2805N; The amplitude of the leveling component is 5 μm to 65 μm. The power of the ultrasonic vibration unit is 1000W to 8000W.

7. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurization unit includes a power device with a telescopic drive shaft connected to the ultrasonic vibration unit for driving the ultrasonic vibration unit to move in a direction closer to or further away from the load unit.

8. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power device includes a cylinder, and the pressurizing unit also includes a lead screw, a lead screw seat, and a limiting component. The lead screw is arranged parallel to the drive shaft of the cylinder, the lead screw seat is connected to the lead screw, and the limiting component is connected to the drive shaft or the ultrasonic vibration unit, and can abut against the lead screw seat after the ultrasonic vibration unit moves to a set position in the direction close to the loading unit.

9. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The power device includes a cylinder, and the pressurizing unit also includes a lead screw, a lead screw seat, and a limiting component. The lead screw is arranged parallel to the drive shaft of the cylinder, the lead screw seat is connected to the lead screw, and the limiting component is connected to the drive shaft or the ultrasonic vibration unit, and can abut against the lead screw seat after the ultrasonic vibration unit moves to a set position in a direction away from the load unit.

10. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoothing component is detachably connected to the mounting base, and / or the smoothing component has a mirror surface, through which the smoothing component contacts the mounting base.

11. A grinding wheel dressing method for dressing diamond abrasive grains on the grinding surface of a grinding wheel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Fix the grinding wheel to be smoothed; The smoothing component is pressed against the diamond abrasive grain. The smoothing component is made of a material that can catalyze the graphitization of the diamond abrasive grain. The smoothing component is subjected to ultrasonic vibration in a direction parallel to the grinding surface. This causes high-speed friction between the smoothing component and the diamond abrasive grain, which accelerates the transformation of the surface layer of the diamond abrasive grain into graphite. The vibration can remove the transformed graphite to allow contact with the inner diamond layer.

12. The grinding wheel dressing device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The smoothing component is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements from Group VIIB and Group VIII.

13. The grinding wheel dressing method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The smoothing component is made of iron, nickel, iron alloy, or nickel alloy.

14. The grinding wheel dressing method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The smoothing component is made of a metallic element or alloy containing elements IVB, VB, and VIB.

15. The grinding wheel dressing method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The smoothing component is made of chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium alloy, tungsten alloy, or molybdenum alloy.

16. The grinding wheel dressing method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The grinding wheel dressing method includes at least one of the following schemes: The vibration frequency of the leveling component is 20KHz to 100KHz; The pressure between the leveling component and the grinding wheel is 50N to 2805N; The amplitude of the leveling component is 5 μm to 65 μm; The power of the ultrasonic vibration unit is 1000W to 8000W.

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