Measuring device and measuring method for vehicle reducer

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides a measuring device and a measuring method for a vehicle reducer. The vehicle reducer is used to reduce the speed of a vehicle traveling on a railway base rail, and the vehicle reducer includes two brake rails located on either side of the railway base rail. The measuring device includes: a chassis and a running device for driving the chassis to travel along the two brake rails. The measuring device also includes: two first distance measuring sensors and / or second distance measuring sensors. The two first distance measuring sensors are arranged on the chassis. When the chassis travels along the two brake rails, the two first distance measuring sensors are located between the two brake rails and face the two brake rails respectively. Each first distance measuring sensor is used to measure the distance to the brake rail it faces. The second distance measuring sensor is arranged on the chassis. When the chassis travels along the two brake rails, the second distance measuring sensor faces the base rail and is used to measure the distance between the second distance measuring sensor and the base rail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for railways, and in particular to a measuring device and a measuring method for a vehicle reducer. Background Art

[0002] The vehicle retarder is a fixed ground device that controls the speed of a sled train. It receives braking or release commands from the hump control system and applies them, thereby regulating the speed of the sled train. The vehicle retarder operates by relying on friction between the brake rails and the sides of the vehicle's running wheels to decelerate the vehicle. Therefore, the retarder's opening size (i.e., the opening width, which refers to the shortest distance between the two brake rails when the retarder is in the braking state) is a key indicator affecting the retarder's braking capacity.

[0003] During routine maintenance, the reducer's opening dimensions require frequent measurement and adjustment to ensure they remain within a reasonable range. Currently, this method primarily involves manually measuring the opening dimensions at the center of each caliper using measuring tools such as a box ruler or custom calipers. This method has drawbacks such as a limited number of measurement points, low measurement accuracy, high workload, low measurement efficiency, and the tendency for recording errors.

[0004] In addition, the braking height of the vehicle's retarder is also a key indicator. Braking height refers to the difference between the highest point of the retarder's brake rail and the base rail surface (i.e., the upper end surface). It reflects the upper limit size of the retarder and prevents the retarder from exceeding the limit and scraping the vehicle. This problem also exists in daily maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a measuring device and a measuring method for a vehicle reducer to measure the opening size and / or braking height of the reducer.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present application, a measuring device for a vehicle reducer is provided, wherein the vehicle reducer is used to reduce the speed of a vehicle traveling on a railway base rail, the vehicle reducer includes two brake rails respectively located on either side of the base rail, and the measuring device includes: a chassis and a running device for driving the chassis to travel along the two brake rails, wherein the measuring device further includes: two first distance measuring sensors, which are arranged on the chassis, and when the chassis travels along the two brake rails, the two first distance measuring sensors are located between the two brake rails and respectively face the two brake rails, and each first distance measuring sensor is used to measure the distance to the brake rail it faces; and / or a second distance measuring sensor, which is arranged on the chassis, and when the chassis travels along the two brake rails, the second distance measuring sensor faces the base rail and is used to measure the distance between the second distance measuring sensor and the base rail.

[0007] According to the second aspect of the present application, a measurement method for a vehicle reducer is provided, which is implemented using the measurement device of the first aspect of the present application. The measurement method includes: controlling a drive unit to drive the chassis to move along two brake rails, and an encoder rotates with the running wheel and continuously outputs a pulse signal, each pulse signal corresponding to a position point on the brake rail, wherein each pulse signal triggers a control unit to record the measurement values ​​of the two first ranging sensors and the second ranging sensor, thereby forming a data set containing the opening size and brake height corresponding to each position point.

[0008] The measuring device of the embodiment of the present application can obtain the opening size of the reducer using the measurement values ​​of the two first distance measuring sensors and / or obtain the braking height of the reducer using the measurement value of the second distance measuring sensor. Compared with manual measurement, the measuring device of the embodiment of the present application has high measurement efficiency and good accuracy. In addition, since the measuring device can move along the two brake rails, the two first distance measuring sensors can be used to continuously measure the distance between the two brake rails and / or the second distance measuring sensor can be used to continuously measure the height difference between the second distance measuring sensor and the basic rail surface. Compared with manual measurement, the measuring device of the embodiment of the present application has high measurement efficiency and can achieve continuous measurement, and can more truly reflect the changes in the opening and / or braking height. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will help to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0011] Figure 2 A schematic top view of a vehicle reducer being measured by a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0012] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention measuring a vehicle reducer is shown;

[0013] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of

[0014] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention measuring a vehicle reducer is shown;

[0015] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of

[0016] Figure 7is a schematic block diagram of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 8 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device communicating with a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the reader's understanding.

[0019] Description of reference numerals:

[0020] 10. Measuring device;

[0021] 11. Chassis;

[0022] 121. First distance measuring sensor; 122. Second distance measuring sensor;

[0023] 13. Wheelset; 130. Traveling wheel; 131. Position limiting portion; 1311. Outer periphery; 132. Rolling portion; 133. Connecting shaft;

[0024] 14. Driving unit;

[0025] 15. Encoder;

[0026] 16. Control box;

[0027] 17. Control unit;

[0028] 21. Stock rail; 211. Stock rail head;

[0029] 22. Brake rail; 221. Brake rail head;

[0030] 23. Brake caliper;

[0031] 30. Terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by persons having ordinary skills in the field to which the invention belongs.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, “a plurality of” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] See also Figure 2 The vehicle reducer is installed on the railway to slow down vehicles moving on the railway. The railway includes two base rails 21, which support and guide the vehicle's running wheels. The vehicle reducer includes four brake rails 22 and multiple brake calipers 23. Each pair of brake rails 22 is located on either side of a base rail 21. The brake rails 22 and the base rails 21 form a gap for the vehicle's running wheels to pass through. During braking, the brake calipers 23 drive the brake rails 22 to rotate perpendicular to the base rails 21, changing the size of the gap so that the brake rails 22 can contact the vehicle's running wheels and slow the vehicle.

[0036] As mentioned above, the opening size of the reducer is the shortest distance between the two brake rails 22 when the reducer is in the braking state. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The brake rail 22 includes a brake rail head 221. The shortest distance between two brake rails 22 is actually the distance between the two brake rail heads 221. The measuring device provided in the embodiment of the present application can measure the distance between the two brake rail heads 221 and / or the height difference between the rail surface of the base rail head 211 of the base rail 21 and the highest point of the brake rail head 221.

[0037] See also Figure 1 The measuring device 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes: a chassis 11 and a walking device for driving the chassis 11 to move along two brake rails 22.

[0038] The measuring device 10 may further include: two first distance measuring sensors 121 and / or two second distance measuring sensors 122 .

[0039] Two first distance measuring sensors 121 are disposed on the chassis 11. When the chassis 11 travels along the two brake rails 22, the two first distance measuring sensors 121 face the two brake rails 22, respectively, and each first distance measuring sensor 121 is configured to measure the distance to the brake rail 22 it faces. It will be readily understood that when a first distance measuring sensor 121 measures the distance to the brake rail 22 it faces, it essentially means that the first distance measuring sensor 121 measures the distance between the side surface (or measurement signal transmission window) of the first distance measuring sensor 121 facing the brake rail 22 and the brake rail 22.

[0040] The opening size of the retarder can be obtained by using the distance between the two first distance measuring sensors 121 and the brake rails 22 they face. Figure 3 and Figure 4, the opening size w of the vehicle reducer is equal to the sum of the distances w1 and w2 measured by the two first distance measuring sensors 121 and the distance w3 between the two first distance measuring sensors 121, that is, w=w1+w2+w3, where w3 is a fixed value and can be obtained by manual measurement. It can be seen that the measuring device 10 of the embodiment of the present application can obtain the opening size w of the reducer using the two first distance measuring sensors 121. Compared with manual measurement, the measuring device 10 of the embodiment of the present application has high measurement efficiency and good accuracy. Moreover, since the measuring device 10 can move along the two brake rails 22, the two first distance measuring sensors 121 can be used to continuously measure the distance between the two brake rails 22. Compared with manual measurement, the measuring device 10 of the embodiment of the present application has high measurement efficiency and can achieve continuous measurement, which can more truly reflect the changes in the opening.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first ranging sensor 121 may be a laser ranging sensor. In other embodiments, the first ranging sensor 121 may also be a radar ranging sensor.

[0042] It is easy to understand that the most protruding position on the end surfaces of the two brake rails 22 where the rail heads 221 face each other is the rail top, and the laser emission hole of the laser ranging sensor can be directly facing the rail top position of the brake rail 22.

[0043] The second distance measuring sensor 122 is mounted on the chassis 11. When the chassis 11 travels along the two brake rails 22, the second distance measuring sensor 122 faces the stock rails 21 and measures the distance between the second distance measuring sensor 122 and the stock rails 21. The distance between the second distance measuring sensor 122 and the stock rails 21 can be used to determine the braking height of the speed reducer.

[0044] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 The braking height h of the reducer is equal to the sum of the distance h1 between the lower surface of the second distance measuring sensor 122 and the upper end surface of the base rail head 211 of the base rail 21, and the distance h2 between the lower surface of the second distance measuring sensor 122 and the highest point of the upper end surface of the brake rail head 221 of the brake rail 22, that is, h = h1 + h2, where h2 is a fixed value and can be obtained through manual measurement. As can be seen from this, the measuring device 10 of the embodiment of the present application can use the second distance measuring sensor 122 to obtain the braking height h of the reducer. Compared with manual measurement, the measuring device 10 of the embodiment of the present application has high measurement efficiency and good accuracy. Moreover, because the measuring device 10 can move along the two brake rails 22, the second distance measuring sensor 122 can be used to continuously measure the distance between the second distance measuring sensor 122 and the base rail 21. Compared with manual measurement, the measuring device 10 of the embodiment of the present application has high measurement efficiency and can achieve continuous measurement, which can more realistically reflect the changes in the braking height.

[0045] In some embodiments, the second distance measuring sensor 122 is disposed above the chassis 11. A through hole may be provided in the chassis 11 to facilitate the second distance measuring sensor 122 to send and receive measurement signals to and from the stock rail head 211 of the stock rail 21. In some embodiments, the second distance measuring sensor 122 is disposed below the chassis 11, directly facing the stock rail head 211 of the stock rail 21. The second distance measuring sensor 122 may be arranged adjacent to the two first distance measuring sensors 121.

[0046] Both the first distance measuring sensor 121 and the second distance measuring sensor 122 may be high-precision laser distance measuring sensors.

[0047] In some embodiments, the running device includes a plurality of wheel pairs 13 . The plurality of wheel pairs 13 are respectively arranged at different positions of the chassis 11 along the length direction of the chassis 11 , and are used to drive the chassis 11 to run along the two brake rails 22 .

[0048] Each wheelset 13 includes two running wheels 130 that can roll relative to the two brake rails 22 . When the running wheels 130 roll relative to the brake rails 22 , the chassis 11 travels along the two brake rails 22 , so that the measuring device 10 moves relative to the two brake rails 22 .

[0049] In some embodiments, each traveling wheel 130 may include a rolling portion 132 and a limiting portion 131 connected to the rolling portion 132. The rolling portion 132 is used to roll with the upper end surface (i.e., the rail surface) of the brake rail head 221 of the brake rail 22. When the rolling portion 132 rolls with the upper end surface of the brake rail head 221 of the brake rail 22, the limiting portion 131 can remain in the gap between the two brake rails 22, so that the chassis 11 and the two first distance measuring sensors 121 remain between the two brake rails 22. In other words, the radius of the limiting portion 131 is larger than that of the rolling portion 132, and the limiting portion 131 is closer to the chassis 11 than the rolling portion 132. In this way, it is possible to prevent the traveling wheel 130 from being separated from the brake rail 22, thereby affecting the measurement.

[0050] In some embodiments, the rolling portion 132 may be tapered, with the outer diameter of the rolling portion 132 gradually decreasing from the stop portion 131 toward the direction away from the stop portion 131. When the running direction of the running wheel 130 deviates, the tapered shape allows the running wheel 130 to automatically move in the opposite direction, thereby allowing the measuring device 10 to automatically return to the center line if it deviates from the track centerline during running, ensuring that the measuring device 10 runs stably and centered on the brake rail 22.

[0051] The limiting portion 131 can be a relatively large, sleek disc. The outer surfaces of the two discs of a wheelset contact the rail heads 221 of the two brake rails 22, providing guidance and ensuring the wheels do not get stuck when traveling on the two brake rails 22. The rolling portion 132 can smoothly transition into the limiting portion 131.

[0052] As the limiting portion 131 moves relative to the brake rail 22 along with the rolling portion 132, the limiting portion 131 may sometimes contact the brake rail 22, thereby generating sliding friction with the brake rail 22 and causing the running wheel 130 to become stuck. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the radially outer peripheral edge 1311 of the side surface of the limiting portion 131 facing the rolling portion 132 is rounded or curved. Because the brake rail head 221 of the brake rail 22 is also curved, the contact between the limiting portion 131 and the brake rail head 221 is relatively smooth, and the running wheel 130 is less likely to become stuck when it abuts against one side of the brake rail 22 while running on it.

[0053] In some embodiments, the measuring device 10 further includes: an encoder 15 and a control unit 17. The encoder 15 is provided on a wheelset 13, and is used to rotate with the running wheel 130 and obtain multiple position points on the brake rail 22 by continuously outputting pulse signals. The control unit 17 is used to record the measurement values ​​of the two first distance measuring sensors 121 and / or the second distance measuring sensors 122 corresponding to each position point, thereby forming a data set containing the opening size and / or braking height corresponding to each position point. In such an embodiment, the measuring device of the embodiment of the present application can obtain opening and / or height data of more densely populated points, more comprehensively reflect the opening and / or height size status of the reducer device, and more easily find the extreme values ​​and inflection points of the opening and / or height size caused by deformation of the brake rail 22 in the longitudinal direction or other reasons, so as to facilitate the analysis of the cause of the problem and make adjustments.

[0054] It's easy to understand that the distance sensor measures multiple continuous values. Among these continuous values, the values ​​at certain key locations require special attention. These key locations correspond to the centers of the brake calipers 23 of the vehicle's retarder. As will be readily understood, the distance between the centers of two adjacent brake calipers 23 is fixed. The key locations corresponding to each brake caliper 23 can be determined based on the pulse signal output by the encoder 15. Consequently, the measured values ​​of the opening size and brake height corresponding to each key location can be found in the data set.

[0055] In some embodiments, the measuring device 10 further includes a drive unit 14 for driving a wheelset 13 to rotate. The wheelset 13 directly driven by the drive unit 14 is referred to as the driving wheelset, while the remaining wheelsets 13 are driven wheelsets. The encoder 15 is not located on the driving wheelset, but rather on the driven wheelsets. Compared to the driving wheelset, the driven wheelsets are less susceptible to slip. By collecting information about the number of rotations of the driven wheelsets and combining it with the rotational wheel diameter, the displacement of the measuring device 10 can be more accurately calculated.

[0056] In some embodiments, the drive unit 14 may include a motor and a worm gearbox connected to the driving wheelset. The motor and worm gearbox may be integrated and bolted to the chassis 11. The worm gearbox has a bidirectional output shaft, which is keyed to the driving wheelset. The driven wheelset may be mounted on a bearing support on the chassis 11.

[0057] In some embodiments, the spacing between the two running wheels 130 of each wheelset 13 is adjustable. This allows the measuring device 10 of the present invention to measure reducers of varying specifications. In some embodiments, threads and lock nuts may be provided at both ends of the connecting shaft 133 of each wheelset 13. These threads and lock nuts, in combination, allow the spacing between the two running wheels 130 of each wheelset 13 to be adjusted.

[0058] In some embodiments, there are two wheel pairs 13. The two pairs of wheel pairs 13 can be respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the chassis 11. It is easy to understand that in order to prevent jamming, there is a gap of less than 1 mm between the limiting portion 131 and the brake rail 22. The existence of this gap causes the running wheel 130 to swing during travel. Although setting the rolling portion 132 to a cone shape can reduce the swing amplitude of the running wheel 130 to a certain extent, there will still be a slight swing, which may cause a large error in the data measured by the first distance measuring sensor 121.

[0059] Therefore, in some embodiments of the present application, two first distance measuring sensors 121 are disposed on the chassis 11 in opposite directions, and the two first distance measuring sensors 121 are located in the middle of the two wheel pairs 13. With this arrangement, when the front wheel swings left, the rear wheel swings right, while the middle position between the front and rear wheels remains stationary. Placing the two first distance measuring sensors 121 in this middle position ensures the accuracy of the distance measuring sensor measurements and reduces measurement errors caused by slight swinging of the running wheels 130 during the travel of the measuring device 10.

[0060] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8In some embodiments, the measuring device 10 further includes a terminal 30 and a control unit 17. The terminal 30 is configured to send measurement instructions. The control unit 17 is further configured to receive the measurement instructions and, based on the measurement instructions, control the drive unit 14 to rotate the wheelset 13, thereby driving the chassis 11 to move along the two brake rails 22, and simultaneously control the two first distance measuring sensors 121 and / or the second distance measuring sensors 122 to begin measurement. Thus, the measuring device 10 of the present embodiment can be remotely controlled via the terminal 30, thereby improving the convenience of measurement.

[0061] The embodiment of the present application can realize the automated measurement of the opening and / or height dimensions of the reducer, improve the measurement efficiency and accuracy, and at the same time can obtain opening and / or height data of more dense points, more comprehensively reflect the opening and / or height dimension status of the reducer equipment, and find the extreme values ​​and inflection points of the opening and height dimensions caused by the longitudinal deformation of the brake rail 22 or other reasons, so as to facilitate the analysis of the cause of the problem and make adjustments.

[0062] The encoder 15 can be a hollow shaft encoder, which is installed on the connecting shaft 133 of the driven wheelset. It outputs pulses as the driven wheelset rotates. The control unit 17 can calculate the number of rotations of the driven wheelset by collecting the number of pulses. Combined with the rotating wheel diameter of the driven wheelset, the walking displacement of the measuring device 10 can be calculated, so that the dimensional data can be collected at the preset point and the rotation and stop of the driving wheelset can be controlled.

[0063] The terminal 30 can transmit information to the control unit 17 through a wireless module to configure the parameters of the control unit 17 and obtain the measured dimensional data from the control unit 17. The data measured by the first ranging sensor 121 and the second ranging sensor 122 can be transmitted to the terminal 30 by wireless means and processed by the terminal 30. The terminal 30 can be a handheld terminal 30 or a terminal 30 such as a computer. The terminal 30 can configure the relevant parameters of the measuring device 10, including at least the model of the reducer to be measured, the number of sections of the reducer to be measured, the travel speed, the sampling frequency, etc. The terminal 30 can be equipped with data management and analysis software to realize the display, storage and statistical analysis functions of the dimensional data, and provide maintenance recommendations in combination with the dimensional threshold range.

[0064] In some embodiments, the control unit 17 may include a power module interface, a data acquisition interface, a wireless communication module, and a battery. The power module interface is used to connect to the motor control cable of the drive unit 14 to implement control functions such as starting and stopping, forward and reverse rotation of the drive unit 14. The data acquisition interface can be connected to the signal cables of the two first ranging sensors 121 and / or the second ranging sensor 122 and the encoder 15 to implement data acquisition functions. The wireless communication module is used to establish a wireless connection with the terminal 30 and transmit information to each other. The battery is used to provide power for the control unit 17, the drive unit 14, the two first ranging sensors 121 and / or the second ranging sensor 122, and the encoder 15. The battery can be a lithium battery.

[0065] The measuring device 10 further includes a control box 16, in which a control unit 17 is disposed. The control unit 17 and the driving unit 14 can be disposed on either side of the two first distance measuring sensors 121 along the length of the chassis 11 to make the load bearing of the chassis 11 more uniform and reduce vibration.

[0066] An embodiment of the present application also provides a measurement method for a vehicle reducer, which is implemented using the measurement device 10 of any embodiment of the present application.

[0067] The measurement method may include controlling the drive unit 14 to drive the chassis 11 to move along the two brake rails 22, and the encoder 15 to rotate with the travel wheel 130 and continuously output pulse signals, each pulse signal corresponding to a position point on the brake rail 22. Each pulse signal triggers the control unit to record the measurement values ​​of the two first distance measuring sensors 121 and the second distance measuring sensor 122, thereby forming a data set containing the opening size and brake height corresponding to each position point.

[0068] It can be seen that the measurement method of the embodiment of the present application can realize the measurement of the opening and height dimensions of the reducer, improve the measurement efficiency and accuracy, and at the same time obtain the opening and height data of more dense points, more comprehensively reflect the opening and height dimension status of the reducer equipment, and make it easier to find the extreme values ​​and inflection points of the opening and height dimensions caused by the deformation of the brake rail 22 in the length direction or other reasons, which is convenient for viewing and analyzing the cause of the problem and making adjustments.

[0069] In some embodiments, the key position corresponding to the center of each brake caliper 23 can also be determined based on the pulse signal output by the encoder 15 and the distance between the centers of two adjacent brake calipers 23 of the vehicle reducer, and the opening size and braking height corresponding to each key position can be found in the data set.

[0070] Specifically, before the measurement begins, the control unit 17 can be configured with parameters through the handheld terminal 30, mainly including: the model of the reducer to be measured, the number of sections of the reducer to be measured, the travel speed, the sampling frequency, etc. Then, the width of the wheelset 13 of the measuring device 10 is adjusted to adapt to the current reducer opening size. After the adjustment is completed, the measuring device 10 is placed at the reducer entrance, and the measurement is started through the handheld terminal 30. The measuring device 10 can automatically move and measure the opening size and brake height data at each point according to the preset parameters. According to the preset parameters, the measuring device 10 automatically stops at the reducer exit and uploads the size data to the handheld terminal 30 at the same time. After the data upload is completed, the next measurement can be started. The handheld terminal 30 receives and stores data wirelessly, and implements data post-processing through data management and analysis software. In combination with the size threshold, maintenance adjustment suggestions are given.

[0071] The measuring device 10 and the measuring method of the embodiment of the present application can be used to automatically measure the opening and height dimensions of the reducer during routine maintenance.

[0072] Regarding the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein may be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0073] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A measuring device for a vehicle reducer, wherein the vehicle reducer is used to reduce the speed of a vehicle traveling on a railway stock rail, the vehicle reducer comprising two brake rails located on either side of the railway stock rail, the measuring device comprising: A chassis and a running device for driving the chassis to run along the two brake rails, wherein the measuring device further comprises: two first distance measuring sensors disposed on the chassis, wherein when the chassis moves along the two brake rails, the two first distance measuring sensors are located between the two brake rails and face the two brake rails respectively, and each first distance measuring sensor is used to measure the distance to the brake rail it faces; and / or The second distance measuring sensor is arranged on the chassis. When the chassis moves along the two brake rails, the second distance measuring sensor faces the base rail and is used to measure the distance between the second distance measuring sensor and the base rail.

2. The measuring device according to claim 1, wherein The traveling device comprises a plurality of wheel pairs which are respectively arranged at different positions of the chassis along the length direction of the chassis, and each wheel pair comprises two traveling wheels which can respectively roll relative to the two brake rails.

3. The measuring device according to claim 2, wherein Each of the walking wheels includes a rolling portion and a limiting portion connected to the rolling portion. Wherein, the rolling portion is used to roll with the upper end surface of the rail head of the brake rail, and when the rolling portion rolls with the upper end surface of the rail head of the brake rail, the two limiting portions of each wheelset can be maintained in the gap between the two brake rails, so that the chassis and the two first ranging sensors are maintained between the two brake rails.

4. The measuring device according to claim 3, wherein The rolling portion is tapered, and an outer diameter of the rolling portion gradually decreases from the limiting portion toward a direction away from the limiting portion.

5. The measuring device according to claim 3, wherein A radially outer peripheral edge of a surface of the limiting portion facing the rolling portion forms a rounded corner or an arc surface. The measuring device according to claim 2 , wherein: The distance between the two running wheels of each wheel pair is adjustable.

7. The measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the number of the wheel pairs is two, the two first distance measuring sensors are arranged on the chassis in back-to-back relation, and the two first distance measuring sensors are located in the middle of the two wheel pairs.

8. The measuring device according to claim 2, further comprising: A driving unit, configured to drive one of the wheelsets to rotate; An encoder is provided on the other wheel pair, and is used for rotating with the traveling wheel and obtaining a plurality of position points on the brake rail by continuously outputting pulse signals; as well as A control unit is configured to record the measurement values ​​of the two first distance measuring sensors and / or the second distance measuring sensor corresponding to each of the position points, thereby forming a data set containing the opening size and / or brake height corresponding to each position point.

9. The measuring device according to claim 8, further comprising: Terminal, used to send measurement instructions, The control unit is further configured to receive the measurement instruction and control the driving unit to drive the wheelset to rotate according to the measurement instruction, thereby driving the chassis to move along the two brake rails, and at the same time control the two first distance measuring sensors and the second distance measuring sensor to start measurement.

10. A method for measuring a vehicle reducer, implemented using the measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising: The control drive unit drives the chassis to move along the two brake rails. The encoder rotates with the travel wheel and continuously outputs pulse signals. Each pulse signal corresponds to a position point on the brake rail. Each of the pulse signals triggers the control unit to record the measurement values ​​of the two first distance measuring sensors and the second distance measuring sensor, thereby forming a data set containing the opening size and braking height corresponding to each position point.

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