Bolt machining size adjustable cold header

Abstract

The application discloses a bolt processing size adjustable cold header, which comprises a support and a cold header body, and the cold header body comprises a base, an assembly cavity, a first through hole, an electric hydraulic lifting rod, a positioning shaft, a first external gear ring, a first bearing, a first driving gear, a first servo motor, a screw rod placing blind hole, a second through hole, a screw rod supporting plate, a spring, a second external gear ring, a second bearing, a second driving gear, a second servo motor and a head forming through hole. The application has simple structure and reasonable design, can be suitable for bolt processing of various models, reduces the replacement time of molds and improves the adjustment efficiency of the cold header.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of cold heading machines with adjustable bolt processing dimensions, and particularly to the technical field of cold heading machines with adjustable bolt processing dimensions. [Background Technology]

[0002] A bolt is a tool that uses the physical and mathematical principles of inclined planes, circular rotation, and friction to gradually fasten objects and machine parts. "Bolt" is a general term for fasteners and is commonly used in everyday speech. Bolts are indispensable industrial necessities in daily life: extremely small bolts are used in cameras, eyeglasses, watches, and electronics; general bolts are used in televisions, electrical products, musical instruments, and furniture; large bolts and nuts are used in engineering, construction, and bridges; and various sizes of bolts are used in transportation equipment, airplanes, trams, and automobiles. During bolt production, cold heading machines are used to shape the bolt head, facilitating subsequent processes. However, existing cold heading machines can only process one type of bolt. To process other types of bolts, corresponding molds or cold heading machines must be changed, making the process cumbersome. [Summary of the Invention]

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and to propose a cold heading machine with adjustable bolt processing dimensions, which can be adapted to the processing of various bolt models, reduce mold change time, and improve the adjustment efficiency of the cold heading machine.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a cold heading machine with adjustable bolt processing dimensions, comprising a support frame and a cold heading machine body, including a base, an assembly cavity, a first through hole, an electro-hydraulic lifting rod, a positioning shaft, a first external gear ring, a first bearing, a first drive gear, a first servo motor, a blind hole for screw placement, a second through hole, a screw support plate, a spring, a second external gear ring, a second bearing, a second drive gear, a second servo motor, and a head forming through hole. The upper end face of the base is horizontal, and the base has an assembly cavity inside. A first through hole is provided between the top of the assembly cavity and the upper end face of the base. A vertically arranged electro-hydraulic lifting rod is provided in the assembly cavity, and the lifting shaft of the electro-hydraulic lifting rod extends into the first through hole. A vertically arranged positioning shaft is provided in the middle of the upper end face of the base. A coaxial first external gear ring and a second external gear ring are fitted on the positioning shaft. The first external gear ring presses against the upper end face of the upper end face of the base, and the second external gear ring presses against the upper end face of the first external gear ring. A coaxial connection is provided between the inner hole of the first external gear ring and the positioning shaft. The first bearing has a first drive gear meshing with the side of the first external gear ring. The first drive gear is connected to the first servo motor. The upper end face of the first external gear ring has several axially arranged blind holes for placing screws. The bottom of the blind holes for placing screws has a second through hole that corresponds to the first through hole. The blind holes for placing screws have a coaxial screw support plate. The bottom end of the screw support plate and the bottom of the blind holes for placing screws are connected by a coaxial spring. The side of the second external gear ring has a second drive gear meshing with the second drive gear, which is connected to the second servo motor. The upper end face of the second external gear ring has several sets of head forming through holes. Each set of head forming through holes contains several head forming through holes of the same shape, and the several head forming through holes correspond one-to-one with several blind holes for placing screws. The shapes of the head forming through holes in different sets are different. The sides of the first external gear ring and the second external gear ring have a bracket. The top of the bracket has a cold heading machine body that corresponds to the head forming through holes. The cold heading machine body is adapted to the electric hydraulic lifting rod.

[0005] Preferably, the axes of the blind holes for placing several screws are arranged in a uniform circular shape with the axis of the first external gear ring as the center, and the inner diameter of the blind holes for placing several screws decreases clockwise.

[0006] Preferably, all the head forming through hole axes are evenly distributed in a circular shape with the second external gear ring axis as the center, and the radial distance between the head forming through hole axis and the positioning shaft axis is equal to the radial distance between the screw placement blind hole axis and the positioning shaft axis.

[0007] Preferably, the upper surface of the base is provided with an embedded infrared receiver, which is located below the first external gear ring. The upper end of the bracket is provided with an infrared emitter, which is located above the second external gear ring. The upper surface of the first external gear ring is provided with a plurality of first positioning through holes corresponding to a plurality of screw placement blind holes. The end surface of the second external gear ring is provided with a plurality of second positioning through holes corresponding to a plurality of head forming through holes. The second positioning through holes are adapted to the first positioning through holes. When a screw placement blind hole and a head forming through hole are simultaneously coaxial with the first through hole, the first positioning through hole corresponding to the screw placement blind hole and the second positioning through hole corresponding to the head forming through hole are coaxial. The infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitter pass through the second positioning through hole and the first positioning through hole in sequence, and are then absorbed by the infrared receiver.

[0008] Preferably, the inner diameter of the spring is larger than the inner diameter of the second through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the cold heading machine body has a detachable and fixed pressure head at the processing end, and the pressure head is adapted to the forming through hole of the head.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention has a simple structure and reasonable design, and can be adapted to the processing of various types of bolts, reducing mold change time and improving the adjustment efficiency of cold heading machines; by setting a number of screw placement blind holes with an inner diameter decreasing clockwise on the first external gear ring, and setting a number of sets of head forming through holes on the upper end face of the second external gear ring, each set of head forming through holes includes several head forming through holes of the same shape, and the several head forming through holes correspond one-to-one with several screw placement blind holes. The shapes of the head forming through holes in different sets are different, which allows for arbitrary combination of screw placement blind holes of different sizes and head forming through holes of different sizes and shapes, thereby enabling the processing of bolts of various shapes and sizes. Furthermore, the rotation of the first external gear ring and the second external gear ring allows for the switching of the corresponding screw placement blind holes and head forming through holes, which is convenient and quick; By setting up a first servo motor, a second servo motor, an infrared receiver, an infrared transmitter, a first positioning through hole, and a second positioning through hole, the positioning between the screw placement blind hole, the head forming through hole, and the first through hole is facilitated. The first and second servo motors, being servo motors themselves, have precise positioning, which is the first positioning. After the screw placement blind hole and a head forming through hole are simultaneously coaxial with the first through hole, the first positioning through hole corresponding to the screw placement blind hole and the second positioning through hole corresponding to the head forming through hole are coaxial. The infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver are both activated. The infrared light emitted by the infrared transmitter passes through the second positioning through hole and the first positioning through hole in sequence, and is then absorbed by the infrared receiver, which is the second positioning. The dual positioning makes the positioning between the screw placement blind hole, the head forming through hole, and the first through hole more accurate.

[0011] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [Attached Image Description]

[0012] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the cold heading machine with adjustable bolt processing dimensions according to the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a top view of the first external gear ring of the cold heading machine with adjustable bolt processing dimensions according to the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the second external gear ring of the cold heading machine with adjustable bolt processing dimensions according to the present invention.

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0015] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3This invention relates to a cold heading machine with adjustable bolt processing dimensions, comprising a support frame 5 and a cold heading machine body 51, including a base 1, an assembly cavity 11, a first through hole 110, an electric hydraulic lifting rod 12, a positioning shaft 2, a first external gear ring 3, a first bearing 31, a first drive gear 32, a first servo motor 33, a blind hole for placing the screw 34, a second through hole 340, a screw support plate 341, a spring 342, a second external gear ring 4, a second bearing 41, a second drive gear 42, a second servo motor 43, and a head forming through hole 44. The upper surface of the base 1 is horizontal, and the interior of the base 1 is provided with... There is an assembly cavity 11, with a first through hole 110 between the top of the assembly cavity 11 and the upper surface of the base 1. A vertically arranged electric hydraulic lifting rod 12 is provided inside the assembly cavity 11, with its lifting shaft extending into the first through hole 110. A vertically arranged positioning shaft 2 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the base 1. A coaxial first external gear ring 3 and a second external gear ring 4 are fitted onto the positioning shaft 2. The first external gear ring 3 presses against the upper surface of the upper surface of the base 1, and the second external gear ring 4 presses against the upper surface of the first external gear ring 3. A coaxial first external gear ring 3 is connected to the positioning shaft 2. Bearing 31, a first drive gear 32 meshing with the first external gear ring 3 is provided on the side of the bearing 31, the first drive gear 32 is connected to the first servo motor 33, the upper end face of the first external gear ring 3 is provided with a plurality of axially arranged screw placement blind holes 34, the bottom of the screw placement blind holes 34 is provided with a second through hole 340 adapted to the first through hole 110, a coaxial screw support plate 341 is provided in the screw placement blind holes 34, and a coaxial spring 342 is connected between the bottom end of the screw support plate 341 and the bottom of the screw placement blind hole 34, and a second drive gear 42 meshing with the second external gear ring 4 is provided on the side of the bearing 31. The drive gear 42 is connected to the second servo motor 43. The upper end face of the second external gear ring 4 is provided with several sets of head forming through holes 44. Each set of head forming through holes 44 contains several head forming through holes 44 of the same shape, and the several head forming through holes 44 correspond one-to-one with several screw placement blind holes 34. The shapes of the head forming through holes 44 in different sets are different. The first external gear ring 3 and the second external gear ring 4 are provided with a bracket 5 on the side. The top of the bracket 5 is provided with a cold heading machine body 51 adapted to the head forming through holes 44. The cold heading machine body 51 is adapted to the electric hydraulic lifting rod 12.

[0016] Among them, several screws are placed in blind holes 34 in a uniform circumferential shape with the axis of the first external gear ring 3 as the center, and the inner diameter of several screws placed in blind holes 34 decreases clockwise.

[0017] Among them, all the head forming through holes 44 are evenly distributed in a circular shape with the second external gear ring 4 axis as the center. The radial distance between the head forming through hole 44 axis and the positioning shaft 2 axis is equal to the radial distance between the screw placement blind hole 34 axis and the positioning shaft 2 axis.

[0018] The working process of this invention:

[0019] In the operation of the cold heading machine with adjustable bolt processing dimensions of the present invention, all components of the cold heading machine are controlled by a PLC controller.

[0020] Step 1: Correct the positions of the first external gear ring 3 and the second external gear ring 4. Start the first servo motor 33 and the second servo motor 43. The first drive gear 32 and the second drive gear 42 drive the first external gear ring 3 and the second external gear ring 4 to rotate respectively, so that a screw placement blind hole 34 and a head forming through hole 44 are coaxial with the first through hole 110. At this time, the first positioning through hole 35 corresponding to the screw placement blind hole 34 and the second positioning through hole 45 corresponding to the head forming through hole 44 are coaxial. The infrared emitting device 52 and the infrared receiving device 13 are both started. The infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting device 52 pass through the second positioning through hole 45 and the first positioning through hole 35 in sequence. The infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting device 52 are absorbed by the infrared receiving device 13. During the subsequent processing size switching process, the first external gear ring 3 and the second external gear ring 4 cannot rotate at the same time.

[0021] Step 2: Adjust the position of the screw placement blind hole 34 according to the screw size. Start the first servo motor 33 and drive the first drive gear 32 to rotate, rotating the screw placement blind hole 34 of the corresponding size to the coaxial position of the first through hole 110. At this time, the first positioning through hole 35 is adapted to the infrared receiving device 13.

[0022] Step 3: According to the head shape and size that the bolt needs to be processed, rotate the second external gear ring 4 to rotate the head forming through hole 44 of the corresponding shape and size to the coaxial position of the first through hole 110. At this time, the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting device 52 pass through the second positioning through hole 45 and the first positioning through hole 35 in sequence. The infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting device 52 are absorbed by the infrared receiving device 13. The positioning of the screw placement blind hole 34 and the head forming through hole 44 that meet the bolt processing requirements is completed.

[0023] Step 4: Select a pressure head 511 with a horizontal cross-section that matches the through hole 44 in the head, and install it on the processing end of the cold heading machine body 51;

[0024] Step 5: Place the screw in the screw placement blind hole 34 and start the electric hydraulic lifting rod 12. The lifting shaft of the electric hydraulic lifting rod 12 extends into the spring 342. Determine the top height of the lifting shaft of the electric hydraulic lifting rod 12 according to the remaining screw length after the bolt head is formed.

[0025] Step 6: The cold heading machine body 51 starts, and the pressure head 511 at the processing end of the cold heading machine body 51 moves down to press the top of the screw. With the cooperation of the lower end face of the pressure head 511, the inner hole of the head forming through hole 44, and the upper end face of the first external gear ring 3, the head of the screw is pressed and formed.

[0026] Step 7: The pressure head 511 is reset, the lifting shaft of the electric hydraulic lifting rod 12 continues to rise to push the finished product out of the screw and place it in the blind hole 34 to facilitate the bolt discharge. Then the electric hydraulic lifting rod 12 is reset and inserted into the first through hole 110. Then the screw support plate 341 will be reset under the action of the spring 342.

[0027] This invention features a simple structure and reasonable design, adaptable to various bolt types, reducing mold changeover time and improving the adjustment efficiency of cold heading machines. It utilizes a series of blind holes 34 for placing screws with clockwise decreasing inner diameters on the first external gear ring 3, and a series of head-forming through holes 44 on the upper end face of the second external gear ring 4. Each group of head-forming through holes 44 contains several head-forming through holes 44 of the same shape, with each group corresponding one-to-one with a number of blind holes 34 for placing screws. Different groups of head-forming through holes 44 have different shapes, allowing for arbitrary combinations of blind holes 34 of different sizes and head-forming through holes 44 of different sizes and shapes. This enables the processing of bolts of various shapes and sizes. Furthermore, the rotation of the first external gear ring 3 and the second external gear ring 4 allows for convenient and quick switching between the required blind holes 34 and head-forming through holes 44. The invention also incorporates a first servo motor 33 and a second servo motor 43. The arrangement of the infrared receiver 13, infrared transmitter 52, first positioning through hole 35, and second positioning through hole 45 facilitates the positioning between the screw placement blind hole 34, the head forming through hole 44, and the first through hole 110. The first servo motor 33 and the second servo motor 43, being servo motors themselves, have precise positioning, which is the first positioning. After the screw placement blind hole 34 and one head forming through hole 44 are simultaneously coaxial with the first through hole 110, the first positioning through hole 35 corresponding to the screw placement blind hole 34 and the second positioning through hole 45 corresponding to the head forming through hole 44 are coaxial. Both the infrared transmitter 52 and the infrared receiver 13 are activated. The infrared rays emitted by the infrared transmitter 52 pass through the second positioning through hole 45 and the first positioning through hole 35 in sequence, and are then absorbed by the infrared receiver 13, which is the second positioning. The dual positioning makes the positioning between the screw placement blind hole 34, the head forming through hole 44, and the first through hole 110 more precise.

[0028] The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modifications to the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bolt processing size adjustable cold header, comprising a support (5), a cold header main body (51), characterized in that: The base (1) includes a base (1), an assembly cavity (11), a first through hole (110), an electric hydraulic lifting rod (12), a positioning shaft (2), a first external gear ring (3), a first bearing (31), a first drive gear (32), a first servo motor (33), a screw placement blind hole (34), a second through hole (340), a screw support plate (341), a spring (342), a second external gear ring (4), a second bearing (41), a second drive gear (42), a second servo motor (43), and a head forming through hole (44). The upper surface of the base (1) is horizontal, and the assembly cavity (11) is provided inside the base (1). The top of the assembly cavity (11) is connected to the top of the assembly cavity (11). A first through hole (110) is provided between the upper end face of the base (1). A vertically arranged electric hydraulic lifting rod (12) is provided in the assembly cavity (11). The lifting shaft of the electric hydraulic lifting rod (12) extends into the first through hole (110). A vertically arranged positioning shaft (2) is provided in the middle of the upper end face of the base (1). A coaxial first external gear ring (3) and a second external gear ring (4) are fitted on the positioning shaft (2). The first external gear ring (3) presses on the upper end face of the base (1), and the second external gear ring (4) presses on the upper end face of the first external gear ring (3). A coaxial first bearing (31) is connected between the inner hole of the first external gear ring (3) and the positioning shaft (2). A first drive gear (32) is provided on the side of the ring (3) and is connected to a first servo motor (33). The upper end face of the first external gear ring (3) is provided with a number of screw placement blind holes (34) arranged axially. The bottom of the screw placement blind hole (34) is provided with a second through hole (340) that is compatible with the first through hole (110). A coaxial screw support plate (341) is provided in the screw placement blind hole (34). A coaxial spring (342) is connected between the bottom end of the screw support plate (341) and the bottom of the screw placement blind hole (34). A second drive gear (42) is provided on the side of the second external gear ring (4) and is connected to the first servo motor (33). 2) Connected to the second servo motor (43), the upper end face of the second external gear ring (4) is provided with several sets of head forming through holes (44). Each set of head forming through holes (44) contains several head forming through holes (44) of the same shape, and several head forming through holes (44) correspond one-to-one with several screw placement blind holes (34). The shapes of different sets of head forming through holes (44) are different. The first external gear ring (3) and the second external gear ring (4) are provided with a bracket (5) on the side. The top of the bracket (5) is provided with a cold heading machine body (51) adapted to the head forming through holes (44). The cold heading machine body (51) is adapted to the electric hydraulic lifting rod (12).

2. A screw-machined size adjustable cold header as claimed in claim 1 wherein: Several screws are placed in blind holes (34) with their axes evenly distributed in a circular shape around the axis of the first external gear ring (3). The inner diameter of the several screws placed in blind holes (34) decreases clockwise.

3. A screw-machined size adjustable cold header as claimed in claim 1 wherein: All the head forming through holes (44) are evenly distributed in a circular shape with the second external gear ring (4) as the center. The radial distance between the head forming through hole (44) axis and the positioning shaft (2) axis is equal to the radial distance between the screw placement blind hole (34) axis and the positioning shaft (2) axis.

4. A screw-machined size adjustable cold header as defined in claim 1 wherein: The upper surface of the base (1) is provided with an embedded infrared receiver (13), which is located below the first external gear ring (3). The upper end of the bracket (5) is provided with an infrared transmitter (52), which is located above the second external gear ring (4). The upper surface of the first external gear ring (3) is provided with a number of first positioning through holes (35) corresponding to a number of screw placement blind holes (34). The end face of the second external gear ring (4) is provided with a number of second positioning through holes (45) corresponding to a number of head forming through holes (44). The second positioning through hole (45) is adapted to the first positioning through hole (35). When a screw placement blind hole (34) and a head forming through hole (44) are coaxial with the first through hole (110), the first positioning through hole (35) corresponding to the screw placement blind hole (34) and the second positioning through hole (45) corresponding to the head forming through hole (44) are coaxial. After the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting device (52) pass through the second positioning through hole (45) and the first positioning through hole (35) in sequence, the infrared rays emitted by the infrared emitting device (52) are absorbed by the infrared receiving device (13).

5. A screw-machined size adjustable cold header as defined in claim 1 wherein: The inner diameter of the spring (342) is larger than the inner diameter of the second through hole (340).

6. A screw-machined size adjustable cold header as defined in claim 1 wherein: The cold heading machine body (51) has a detachable and fixed pressure head (511) at the processing end, and the pressure head (511) is adapted to the head forming through hole (44).

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