A PEM flow field structure optimization device and its usage method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, and particularly to a PEM flow field structure optimization device and its usage method. The device includes at least a main structure, a first fluid distributor, a second fluid distributor, and a camera device. The main structure has opposing first and second ends and a main flow channel between the first and second ends. The first and second fluid distributors are detachably mounted at the first and second ends, respectively. Both the first and second fluid distributors include a fixed frame and several columns arranged in an array on the fixed frame, the columns being movable up and down along the direction protruding from the main flow channel. The camera device is used to monitor and acquire flow distribution characterization information of the fluid in the main flow channel. Through the above configuration, the fluid distributors can form arbitrary combinations of flow field structures, and the optimal flow field structure under different operating conditions can be obtained through analysis, thereby rapidly improving the uniformity of the flow field, increasing electrolysis efficiency, and extending the service life of the electrolyzer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a PEM flow field structure optimization device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of global energy technology, hydrogen energy, with its advantages of high efficiency and low pollution, is widely used in energy storage, production, manufacturing, and hydrogen healthcare. In particular, proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis for hydrogen production is currently a focal technology for green hydrogen production. Its reaction principle uses the proton exchange membrane as the dielectric and water molecules as the reactants. Under the action of direct current, they are dissociated to generate oxygen and hydrogen, which are then released from the PEM bipolar plates in the electrolyzer's flow field structure. The produced hydrogen has high purity, a wide pressure control range, and the hydrogen output pressure can reach several megapascals, utilizing rapidly changing renewable energy power input.

[0003] Currently, PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology still faces many technical challenges. Among them, the flow field structure design is one of the limiting factors affecting electrolysis efficiency and bipolar plate lifespan. Furthermore, the uniformity of flow velocity distribution varies significantly under different operating conditions. Therefore, designing the flow field structure according to different operating conditions to ensure uniform flow velocity distribution is an extremely important step.

[0004] Existing flow field structures typically rely on the designer's experience, requiring direct or simulation experiments to obtain optimized flow field structures under different operating conditions. However, direct experiments are time-consuming and labor-intensive, involving the design of different schemes, fabrication of the flow field structure, and subsequent testing, resulting in significant upfront costs. Simulation experiments (such as CFD simulations) suffer from long modeling times, the potential for divergence in complex structural designs, and uncertain accuracy. Therefore, obtaining a universal device that optimizes flow field structures under various operating conditions is a major challenge that urgently needs to be addressed in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies in lacking a universal device capable of achieving optimal flow field structure under different operating conditions, this invention provides a PEM flow field structure optimization device, comprising at least a main structure, a first fluid distributor, a second fluid distributor, and a camera device.

[0006] The main body of the structure has a first end and a second end, and a main channel disposed between the first end and the second end; the first end of the main body of the structure has a flow channel inlet communicating with the outside of the main body of the structure, and the second end of the main body of the structure has a flow channel outlet communicating with the outside of the main body of the structure.

[0007] The first fluid distributor is detachably disposed at the first end position; the second fluid distributor is detachably disposed at the second end position; both the first fluid distributor and the second fluid distributor include a fixed frame and a plurality of columns distributed in an array on the fixed frame, the columns being able to move up and down along the direction protruding from the main channel.

[0008] The camera device is used to monitor and acquire information on the flow distribution of fluid in the main channel.

[0009] In one embodiment, the system further includes a first partition gate and a second partition gate. The first partition gate is disposed at the inlet of the flow channel to control the flow of fluid from the inlet into the main body of the structure. The second partition gate is disposed at the outlet of the flow channel to control the flow of fluid from the outlet out of the main body of the structure.

[0010] In one embodiment, both the first partition gate and the second partition gate include a plurality of closely arranged partition plates, and both the flow channel inlet and the flow channel outlet are provided with partition grooves, wherein the partition plates are plugged into and sealed with the partition grooves.

[0011] In one embodiment, a viewing plate and a sealing element are further provided above the main channel; the viewing plate covers the main body of the structure so that the camera device can capture the flow distribution characterization information of the fluid in the main channel through the viewing plate; the sealing element is disposed between the viewing plate and the main body of the structure, and the sealing element is disposed on the outer periphery above the main channel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the column is a prism.

[0013] In one embodiment, a data acquisition system is also included, which is communicatively connected to the camera device to receive and analyze flow distribution characterization information of the fluid in the main channel.

[0014] In one embodiment, a diversion channel is connected to the inlet of the flow channel, and a confluence channel is connected to the outlet of the flow channel. The diversion channel and the confluence channel are used to hold fluid.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for using a PEM flow field structure optimization device, which employs the PEM flow field structure optimization device as described in any of the above embodiments, and includes the following steps:

[0016] The first dividing gate is opened, and colored fluid is introduced through the flow channel inlet. Then, the camera device is used to obtain the flow distribution characterization information of the colored fluid in the main flow channel to determine the key flow path.

[0017] The first fluid distributor is divided into several columns of guiding points from near the inlet to far from the inlet. These columns are then raised sequentially from near the inlet to far from the inlet to the surface of the colored fluid protruding from the main flow channel to form guide plates, thereby diverting the colored fluid flowing near the inlet. The camera device is then used to sequentially acquire flow distribution information of the colored fluid in the main flow channel after each column of guiding points is raised, thus determining the current critical flow path for each update.

[0018] Similarly, the second dividing gate is opened, and colored fluid is output through the flow channel outlet; the columns in the second fluid distributor, from near the flow channel outlet to far away from the flow channel outlet, are divided into several columns of guiding points; according to the rising state of the several columns of guiding points in the first fluid distributor, the several columns of guiding points in the second fluid distributor are symmetrically distributed with the several columns of guiding points in the first fluid distributor and rise synchronously.

[0019] In one embodiment, the method further includes the steps of: obtaining flow distribution characterization information of colored fluid in the main channel and the current key flow path according to the adjustment of the flow guide lattice in different columns, and using the data acquisition system to analyze the flow splitting performance of the first fluid distributor and the second fluid distributor composed of the current flow guide lattice until a flow field structure with more uniform flow velocity is obtained.

[0020] In one embodiment, the method further includes the steps of: designing columns of different sizes and / or different spacing distances to form the flow guiding lattice with different thicknesses; refining the distribution of the flow field by changing the flow guiding lattice with different thicknesses; first using the coarse flow guiding lattice to analyze the flow field structure's flow splitting performance, and then using the fine flow guiding lattice to analyze the flow field structure's flow splitting performance.

[0021] Based on the above, compared with the prior art, the PEM flow field structure optimization device provided by the present invention uses a device composed of several liftable columnar first fluid distributors and second fluid distributors to arbitrarily combine the flow field structure, and obtains the optimal flow field structure under different working conditions through analysis, thereby rapidly improving the uniformity of the flow field, increasing electrolysis efficiency and the service life of the electrolytic cell.

[0022] Other features and beneficial effects of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other beneficial effects of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Unless otherwise specified, the positional relationships shown in the drawings in the following description are based on the direction in which the components are drawn in the figure.

[0024] Figure 1 A partial three-dimensional view of the PEM flow field structure optimization device provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of the PEM flow field structure optimization device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A partial top view of the PEM flow field structure optimization device provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A top view of the main structure and the first and second fluid distributors;

[0028] Figure 5a , Figure 5b , Figure 5c A top view of the structure of a first fluid distributor consisting of a lattice of guide points of varying thicknesses made up of columns of different sizes;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which some columns protrude from the surface of the main channel.

[0030] Figure label:

[0031] Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The technical features designed in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that all terms used in this invention (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, and should not be construed as limiting the invention; it should be further understood that the terms used in this invention should be understood to have the same meaning as those in the context of this specification and in the relevant field, and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal sense, except as expressly defined in this invention.

[0034] In PEM water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, traditional flow field structure design typically relies on the designer's experience, obtaining an optimized flow field structure through direct experiments or simulations under different operating conditions. However, direct experiments require designing and testing PEM bipolar plates with different configurations to obtain the optimal flow field structure, which suffers from problems such as difficult PEM bipolar plate fabrication, high cost, and non-reusability. Simulation experiments, on the other hand, suffer from cumbersome numerical modeling, long computation time, and convergence issues with complex configurations. To address the shortcomings of existing technologies in obtaining optimized flow field structures, refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The present invention provides a PEM flow field structure optimization device, which includes at least a structural body 10, a first fluid distributor 20a, a second fluid distributor 20b, and a camera device 30.

[0035] The main body 10 has a first end and a second end, and a main channel 13 disposed between the first end and the second end. The first end of the main body 10 has a flow inlet 11 communicating with the outside of the main body 10, and the second end of the main body 10 has a flow outlet 12 communicating with the outside of the main body 10. Fluid enters the main body 10 through the flow inlet 11 and flows out through the main channel 13 and the flow outlet 12. The dimensions and positions of the main body 10, the main channel 13, the flow inlet 11, and the flow outlet 12 can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the main body 10 is preferably an auxiliary component. Figure 1 The square structure shown has a rectangular horizontal cross-section for the main channel 13; as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 4 As shown, the flow channel inlet 11 and the flow channel outlet 12 are respectively located at diagonal positions on the main flow channel 13.

[0036] The first fluid distributor 20a is detachably disposed at the first end position; the second fluid distributor 20b is detachably disposed at the second end position; wherein, the first fluid distributor 20a is disposed between the flow channel inlet 11 and the main flow channel 13, and the second fluid distributor 20b is disposed between the flow channel outlet 12 and the main flow channel 13, so that the fluid enters from the flow channel inlet 11, and after being diverted and guided by the first fluid distributor 20a, flows evenly to the main flow channel 13, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the fluid on the main flow channel 13, and finally flows out through the second fluid distributor 20b and the flow channel outlet 12.

[0037] Specifically, both the first fluid distributor 20a and the second fluid distributor 20b include a fixed frame 21 and a plurality of columns 22 arrayed on the fixed frame 21. The columns 22 can move up and down along the direction protruding from the main channel 13. The fixed frame 21 is used to detachably fix the first fluid distributor 20a and the second fluid distributor 20b to the main structural body 10. The detachable method can be, but is not limited to, fastener threaded connection, snap-fit, pin connection, sleeve connection, etc., and is not limited here. As a preferred embodiment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the fixing frame 21 of the first fluid distributor 20a and the second fluid distributor 20b can be integrally formed. When it is necessary to replace or install the first fluid distributor 20a and the second fluid distributor 20b, they can be installed on the main body of the structure 10 through the same fixing frame 21.

[0038] The column 22 is height-adjustable within the fixed frame 21. The height adjustment method can be, but is not limited to, magnetic snap-fit, manual press-fit, cam structure, or electronically controlled button lifting, etc., and is not limited here. The column 22 moves up and down along the direction protruding from the main channel 13. Its direction of movement includes any direction not parallel to the horizontal plane of the main channel 13, and can be designed according to requirements. For example, the column 22 can move up and down at an angle of 45° to 90° with the horizontal plane of the main channel 13. In this embodiment, it is preferably designed so that the length direction of the column 22 is at 90° with the horizontal plane of the main channel 13.

[0039] Preferably, the structure of the column 22 is a prism. The array of columns 22 fills the entire fixed frame 21. The columns 22 can be right prisms or oblique prisms, such as regular square prisms, trapezoidal square prisms, hexagonal prisms, triangular prisms, etc. According to the present invention, in order to better perform the function of diverting and guiding flow, the columns 22 can also be designed into other structural shapes. It should be noted that the size and distribution density of the columns 22 can be designed according to the actual working conditions and are not limited here.

[0040] The camera device 30 is used to monitor and acquire flow distribution characterization information of the fluid in the main channel 13. The camera device 30 can employ a high-speed camera to acquire video images of the main channel 13. Preferably, the device also includes a data acquisition system 70, which is communicatively connected to the camera device 30 to receive and analyze the flow distribution characterization information of the fluid in the main channel 13. By analyzing the video images, the data acquisition system 70 can intuitively obtain the flow state of the fluid and determine the current flow uniformity performance.

[0041] As a preferred option, depending on the operating conditions, several fluid distributors with larger and more sparsely distributed column 22 and smaller and more densely distributed column 22 can be designed, for example... Figure 5a , Figure 5b , Figure 5c As shown. When optimizing the flow field structure, a fluid distributor with a larger and more sparsely distributed column 22 is first used to determine the approximate flow field distribution. Then, a fluid distributor with a smaller and more densely distributed column 22 is used to complete the further optimization design of the flow field.

[0042] In summary, the working principle of the PEM flow field structure optimization device provided by this invention is as follows: First, the first fluid distributor 20a and the second fluid distributor 20b raise a portion of the column 22 above the surface of the main channel 13 according to initial requirements, extending it beyond the fluid height. Then, the fluid is input into the channel inlet 11, and after being diverted and guided by the first fluid distributor 20a, it flows uniformly into the main channel 13, finally exiting through the second fluid distributor 20b and the channel outlet 12. During this process, the camera device 30 observes the flow distribution characterization information of the fluid in the main channel 13 in real time and transmits it to the data acquisition system 70 to evaluate the diversion performance of the fluid distributors constituting the current flow field structure. Based on this evaluation, the optimization direction of the current design scheme is guided, and the column 22 of the first fluid distributor 20a and the second fluid distributor 20b is modified to form an optimized design closed loop until a flow field structure with approximately uniform flow velocity across each section of the main channel 13 is obtained.

[0043] Therefore, the PEM flow field structure optimization device provided by this invention can quickly obtain a design scheme with uniform flow field velocity distribution, reduce the difference between the highest and lowest flow velocities, and avoid the problems of insufficient water electrolysis or insufficient water supply in local flow channels in existing flow field designs. This avoids the possibility of uneven thermal stress distribution of PEM bipolar plates caused by uneven convective heat transfer due to flow velocity differences (caused by uneven temperature distribution), which could lead to uneven deformation of the bipolar plates and damage to the proton exchange membrane. This improves the service life of the electrolyzer and promotes the commercial application of electrolytic hydrogen production.

[0044] To better control the fluid entering the main body 10, the device also includes a first partition gate 40a and a second partition gate 40b. The first partition gate 40a is located at the flow channel inlet 11 to control the fluid from the flow channel inlet 11 into the main body 10; the second partition gate 40b is located at the flow channel outlet 12 to control the fluid from the flow channel outlet 12 out of the main body 10.

[0045] In specific implementation, the first partition gate 40a and the second partition gate 40b can be electrically controlled gates. Specifically, a motor and transmission components can be used in conjunction with the gates to block or clear the flow channel inlet 11 and flow channel outlet 12. For example, the motor, the lead screw and nut structure, and the gate are used. The motor drives the lead screw and nut structure to move the gate back and forth between the flow channel inlet 11 and flow channel outlet 12, thereby controlling the entry and exit of fluid.

[0046] Alternatively, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, both the first partition gate 40a and the second partition gate 40b include several closely arranged partition plates 41. Both the flow channel inlet 11 and the flow channel outlet 12 are provided with partition grooves 42, and the partition plates 41 and partition grooves 42 are connected in a plug-in sealed connection. Specifically, the partition plates 41 are inserted into the partition grooves 42 to block the fluid from flowing into the flow channel inlet 11; the partition plates 41 are pulled out of the partition grooves 42 to allow the fluid to flow in and out of the flow channel inlet 11. Similarly, the second partition gate 40b at the flow channel outlet 12 is designed in the same way.

[0047] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 Above the main channel 13, a viewing plate 50 and a sealing element 60 are also provided. The viewing plate 50 covers the main structure 10 so that the camera device 30 can capture the flow distribution information of the fluid in the main channel 13 through the viewing plate 50. The sealing element 60 is located between the viewing plate 50 and the main structure 10, and is positioned above the outer periphery of the main channel 13. It prevents fluid leakage while not obstructing the camera device 30 from capturing the flow distribution information of the fluid in the main channel 13 through the viewing plate 50. Specifically, the viewing plate 50 can be made of transparent materials that facilitate imaging by the camera device 30, such as high-transparency acrylic, glass, or transparent plastic. The sealing element 60 can be made of sealing materials and structures such as sealing rubber gaskets, silicone rings, and sealing putty.

[0048] In other embodiments, a diversion channel 80a is connected to the inlet 11 of the flow channel, and a confluence channel 80b is connected to the outlet 12 of the flow channel. The diversion channel 80a and the confluence channel 80b are used to hold fluid for easy recycling.

[0049] The present invention also provides a method for using a PEM flow field structure optimization device, which employs the PEM flow field structure optimization device as described in any of the above embodiments, and includes the following steps:

[0050] The first dividing gate 40a is opened, and a colored fluid is introduced through the flow channel inlet 11. In this embodiment, water with added dye is used as the colored fluid. The camera device 30 then acquires the flow distribution characterization information of the colored fluid in the main flow channel 13 to determine the key flow path. The columns 22 of the first fluid distributor 20a and the second fluid distributor 20b are flush with the main flow channel 13 to facilitate determining the flow distribution under baseline operating conditions. The dye can be, but is not limited to, fluorescent powder, etc., to improve the visualization of the fluid flow and facilitate imaging by the camera device 30.

[0051] The first fluid distributor 20a divides the column 22 from near the flow channel inlet 11 to far away from the flow channel inlet 11 into several columns of guiding points; from near the flow channel inlet 11 to far away from the flow channel inlet 11, the columns of guiding points are raised to the surface of the colored fluid protruding from the main flow channel 13 to form a guide plate, thereby diverting the colored fluid flowing near the flow channel inlet 11; then the camera device 30 is used to sequentially acquire the flow distribution characterization information of the colored fluid in the main flow channel 13 after each column of guiding points is raised, and sequentially determine the current critical flow path for each update.

[0052] Specifically, the "high-speed zone blocking and low-speed zone diversion" approach can be adopted. First, the high-speed zone closest to the flow channel inlet 11 is diverted and the flow distribution is observed. Then, based on the flow distribution, the high-speed zone far from the flow channel inlet 11 is further diverted in sequence. This process is repeated to form a closed-loop optimization design process. After multiple adjustments, the most ideal and optimized flow field structure is obtained.

[0053] Similarly, the second partition gate 40b is opened, and colored fluid is output through the flow channel outlet 12; the columns 22 in the second fluid distributor 20b, from near the flow channel outlet 12 to far away from the flow channel outlet 12, are divided into several columns of guiding points; according to the rising state of the several columns of guiding points in the first fluid distributor 20a, the several columns of guiding points in the second fluid distributor 20b are symmetrically distributed with the several columns of guiding points in the first fluid distributor 20a and rise synchronously.

[0054] In one embodiment, the method further includes the steps of: obtaining the flow distribution characterization information of the colored fluid in the main channel 13 and the current key flow path according to the adjustment of different columns of guide lattice, and using the data acquisition system 70 to analyze the flow splitting performance of the first fluid distributor 20a and the second fluid distributor 20b composed of the current guide lattice, and adjusting the optimization direction of the current scheme according to the quality of the flow splitting performance, until a flow field structure with more uniform flow velocity in each profile of the main channel 13 is obtained.

[0055] In one embodiment, the method further includes the steps of: designing columns 22 of different sizes and / or different spacing to form a flow-guiding lattice of varying coarseness; refining the flow field distribution by changing the flow-guiding lattice of different coarseness; first using a coarse flow-guiding lattice to analyze the flow field structure's flow-splitting performance, and then using a fine flow-guiding lattice to analyze the flow field structure's flow-splitting performance. Optimization can be achieved step by step by changing the flow-guiding lattice of different sizes and / or different spacing.

[0056] Based on the above, compared with the prior art, the PEM flow field structure optimization device provided by the present invention uses a device composed of several liftable columnar first fluid distributors and second fluid distributors to arbitrarily combine the flow field structure, and obtains the optimal flow field structure under different working conditions through analysis, thereby rapidly improving the uniformity of the flow field, increasing electrolysis efficiency and the service life of the electrolytic cell.

[0057] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that although many problems exist in the prior art, each embodiment or technical solution of the present invention can be improved in only one or a few aspects, without necessarily solving all the technical problems listed in the prior art or the background art simultaneously. Those skilled in the art should understand that any content not mentioned in a claim should not be construed as a limitation on that claim.

[0058] Although this document frequently uses terms such as structural body, flow channel inlet, flow channel outlet, main flow channel, first fluid distributor, second fluid distributor, fixed frame, column, camera device, first partition gate, second partition gate, partition plate, partition groove, viewing plate, seal, data acquisition system, diversion groove, and confluence groove, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would contradict the spirit of the invention. The terms "first," "second," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PEM flow field structure optimization device, characterized in that, include: The structural body has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, and a main flow channel disposed between the first end and the second end; the first end of the structural body has a flow channel inlet communicating with the outside of the structural body, and the second end of the structural body has a flow channel outlet communicating with the outside of the structural body. A first fluid distributor is detachably disposed at the first end position; A second fluid distributor is detachably disposed at the second end position; Both the first fluid distributor and the second fluid distributor include a fixed frame and a plurality of columns arranged in an array on the fixed frame. The columns can move up and down along the direction protruding from the main channel. A camera device is used to monitor and acquire flow distribution characterization information of the fluid in the main channel.

2. The PEM flow field structure optimization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A first partition gate is disposed at the inlet of the flow channel to control the flow of fluid from the inlet into the main body of the structure; A second partition gate is disposed at the outlet of the flow channel to control the flow of fluid from the outlet of the flow channel out of the main structure.

3. The PEM flow field structure optimization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both the first and second partition gates include several closely arranged partition plates. The flow channel inlet and the flow channel outlet are provided with partition grooves, and the partition plates are plugged into and sealed with the partition grooves.

4. The PEM flow field structure optimization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A viewing panel and sealing components are also installed above the main channel; The viewing plate covers the main structure so that the camera device can capture the flow distribution characterization information of the fluid in the main channel through the viewing plate; The sealing element is disposed between the transparent plate and the main structure, and the sealing element is disposed above the outer periphery of the main channel.

5. The PEM flow field structure optimization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column is a prism.

6. The PEM flow field structure optimization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a data acquisition system, which is communicatively connected to the camera device to receive and analyze the flow distribution characterization information of the fluid in the main channel.

7. The PEM flow field structure optimization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow divider is connected to the inlet of the flow channel, and a flow collector is connected to the outlet of the flow channel. The flow divider and the flow collector are used to hold fluid.

8. A method of using a PEM flow field structure optimization device, characterized in that, The PEM flow field structure optimization device as described in any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: The first dividing gate is opened, and colored fluid is introduced through the flow channel inlet. Then, the camera device is used to obtain the flow distribution characterization information of the colored fluid in the main flow channel to determine the key flow path. The first fluid distributor is divided into several columns of guiding points from near the inlet to far from the inlet. These columns are then raised sequentially from near the inlet to far from the inlet to the surface of the colored fluid protruding from the main flow channel to form guide plates, thereby diverting the colored fluid flowing near the inlet. The camera device is then used to sequentially acquire flow distribution information of the colored fluid in the main flow channel after each column of guiding points is raised, thus determining the current critical flow path for each update. Similarly, the second dividing gate is opened, and colored fluid is output through the flow channel outlet; the columns in the second fluid distributor, from near the flow channel outlet to far away from the flow channel outlet, are divided into several columns of guiding points; according to the rising state of the several columns of guiding points in the first fluid distributor, the several columns of guiding points in the second fluid distributor are symmetrically distributed with the several columns of guiding points in the first fluid distributor and rise synchronously.

9. The method of using the PEM flow field structure optimization device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method also includes the following steps: obtaining the flow distribution characterization information of the colored fluid in the main channel and the current key flow path according to the adjustment of the guide point array in different columns, and using the data acquisition system to analyze the flow splitting performance of the first fluid distributor and the second fluid distributor composed of the current guide point array, until a flow field structure with a more uniform flow velocity is obtained.

10. The method of using the PEM flow field structure optimization device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes the step of: designing columns of different sizes and / or different spacing to form the flow guiding lattice with different thicknesses; The flow field distribution is refined by changing the guide lattice with different coarseness. First, the flow field structure is analyzed for flow splitting performance using a coarse guide lattice, and then the flow field structure is analyzed for flow splitting performance using a fine guide lattice.

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