A high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device and method for treating ash blockage in a rotary air preheater

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device and treatment method for ash blockage in a rotary air preheater, and relates to the technical field of boiler equipment. It comprises a rotor; a heat storage element is arranged in the rotor, and the heat storage element is used to store heat and transfer heat when the rotor rotates; a radial partition is arranged radially along the end face of the rotor; a fan-shaped plate is arranged on the top of the radial partition and is in dynamic contact and sealing cooperation with it; and a dust cleaning unit is arranged on the top of the fan-shaped plate and is used to remove sediments in the heat storage element. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the equipment can perform dust blockage treatment during operation, and the nozzle angle can be switched according to the situation, and the nozzle can be reciprocated and extended in the boiler, which expands the dust blowing range of the nozzle for the heat storage element, further improves the dust cleaning of the heat storage element, and improves work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of boiler equipment, in particular to a high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device and a treatment method for ash blockage in a rotary air preheater. Background Art

[0002] An air preheater is a device used to improve the boiler's heat exchange performance and reduce energy consumption. The flue gas in the boiler's tail flue passes through internal fins to preheat the air entering the boiler to a certain temperature. Power plant boilers often use rotary heating surface preheaters, which are typically used in two-, three-, or four-compartment configurations. Four-compartment preheaters are more commonly used in circulating fluidized bed boilers.

[0003] Because the air preheater rotor rotates continuously during operation, the temperature of the heat storage plate gradually rises as it rotates to the flue gas side. The heat storage plate then enters the air side, where it is cooled and its temperature gradually decreases. When the heat storage plate is transferred back to the flue gas side, water vapor and sulfuric acid in the flue gas condense on the cold-end heat exchanger elements, adhering to the ash. The sulfuric acid and salts in the ash undergo a chemical reaction, creating sticky acidic salts that exacerbate ash accumulation. Furthermore, with increasingly stringent environmental emission standards, power plant boilers are equipped with SCR denitrification equipment. When SCR denitrification equipment is added upstream of the air preheater, the amount of ammonia in the SCR is difficult to control, causing some ammonia to escape. This ammonia can react with SO3 and water vapor in the flue gas to form (NH4)HSO4. (NH4)HSO4 strongly bonds with condensation on the cold-end heat exchanger elements of the air preheater, further exacerbating ash accumulation and blockage on the surface of the air preheater heat exchanger elements.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device and method for treating ash blockage in a rotary air preheater. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of this application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0006] In view of the above problems or problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device for ash blockage in a rotary air preheater, which can realize ash blockage treatment during the operation of the equipment, and the nozzle angle can be switched according to the situation, and the nozzle can be reciprocated and extended in the boiler, thereby expanding the ash blowing range of the nozzle for the heat storage element, further cleaning the heat storage element, and improving work efficiency.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device, comprising a rotor; a heat storage element is provided in the rotor, the heat storage element is used to store heat and transfer heat when the rotor rotates;

[0009] A radial partition is arranged radially along the end surface of the rotor;

[0010] a sector plate, disposed on top of the radial partition plate and in dynamic contact and sealing engagement therewith;

[0011] The dust cleaning unit is arranged on the top of the fan-shaped plate and is used to remove the sediment in the heat storage element.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device of the present invention, wherein: the ash cleaning unit includes a carrier frame arranged on the top of the sector plate, and an operation box arranged on the carrier frame; the operation box is a box body with openings at both ends;

[0013] The dust cleaning unit includes a T-shaped bearing block arranged on the inner side wall of the top wall of the operation box, a traveling assembly slidably arranged on the T-shaped bearing block, and a dust cleaning assembly arranged on the traveling assembly.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device described in the present invention, the walking assembly includes a moving block slidably arranged on the T-shaped bearing block, and a mounting block fixedly arranged at the bottom of the moving block; the mounting block is provided with an internal thread; the walking assembly also includes a screw rod that cooperates with the mounting block thread, and a drive motor arranged at one end of the screw rod.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device described in the present invention, the ash cleaning component includes a connecting block arranged on the mounting block, a fixing rod arranged on the connecting block, a support rod vertically arranged at one end of the fixing rod, a high-pressure injection head hingedly arranged at both ends of the support rod, and a baffle arranged at the bottom of the support rod.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device described in the present invention, a guide rod is provided at one end of the high-pressure injection head; the cleaning unit also includes a guide rail assembly that cooperates with the guide rod; the guide rail assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom wall of the operating box.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device described in the present invention, wherein: the guide rail assembly includes two groups of horizontal guide rails arranged on the inner side wall of the bottom wall of the operating box, and two groups of vertical guide rails arranged between the two groups of horizontal guide rails; the vertical guide rails are arranged parallel to the length direction of the operating box; the horizontal guide rails include arc guide rails, and parallel guide rails connected to the arc guide rails; the vertical guide rails coincide with the initial ends of the horizontal guide rails; the guide rod slides in the vertical guide rails and the horizontal guide rails; a swing block for controlling the walking path of the guide rod is provided on one side of the vertical guide rail, and a stepping motor for rotating the swing block is connected to the swing block.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device of the present invention, a limiting plate and an arc-shaped transition edge opposite to the limiting plate are provided at the initial end of the parallel guide rail.

[0019] A method for treating ash blockage in a rotary air preheater with a high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device specifically comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: The heat storage element in the rotor rotates to the flue gas side to store heat, and then rotates to the air side to achieve temperature transfer;

[0021] Step 2: When the heat storage element in the rotor is rotated into the flue gas side again, dust accumulation occurs. At this time, the drive motor drives the screw to rotate, so that the moving block moves along the T-shaped bearing block, thereby driving the high-pressure spray head on the fixed rod to extend from the operating box to spray and clean the heat storage element;

[0022] Step 3: After the high-pressure spray head sprays, the reactants are blown away and the dust accumulated on the surface of the heat storage element is washed away. As the rotor rotates, the drive motor rotates to make the high-pressure spray head reciprocate and extend to fully spray the heat storage element.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention realizes ash blockage treatment during the operation of the equipment by setting up a ash cleaning unit, and the nozzle angle can be switched according to the situation, and the nozzle can be extended and retracted in the boiler, thereby expanding the ash blowing range of the nozzle for the heat storage element, further cleaning the heat storage element, and improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. Among them:

[0025] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ash cleaning unit of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the ash cleaning unit of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ash cleaning component of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device.

[0029] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the swing block of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device.

[0030] Figure 6 This is an enlarged view of the limit plate and arc-shaped transition plate of the rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device.

[0031] The components marked in the figure are: rotor 100, radial partition 200, fan plate 300, cleaning unit 400, carrier frame 401, operating box 402, T-shaped carrier block 403, walking assembly 404, cleaning assembly 405, moving block 404a, mounting block 404b, screw rod 404c, drive motor 404d, connecting block 405a, fixing rod 405b, support rod 405c, high-pressure spray head 405d, baffle 405e, guide rod 405d-1, guide rail assembly 406, transverse guide rail 406a, vertical guide rail 406b, arc guide rail 406a-1, parallel guide rail 406a-2, swing block 407, limit plate 406a-3, arc transition edge 406a-4. Implementation Method

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This embodiment provides a high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device for ash blockage in a rotary air preheater. By setting up a dust cleaning unit 400, the equipment can perform dust blockage treatment during operation, and the nozzle angle can be switched according to the situation, and the nozzle can be extended and retracted in the boiler, thereby expanding the dust blowing range of the nozzle for the heat storage element, further cleaning the heat storage element, and improving work efficiency.

[0033] Specifically, the rotor 100; a heat storage element is provided in the rotor 100, the heat storage element is used to store heat and transfer heat when the rotor 100 rotates;

[0034] A radial partition plate 200 is arranged radially along the end surface of the rotor 100;

[0035] The sector plate 300 is disposed on top of the radial partition plate 200 and is in dynamic contact and sealing cooperation therewith;

[0036] The dust cleaning unit 400 is provided on the top of the fan-shaped plate 300 and is used to remove sediments in the heat storage element.

[0037] Furthermore, the dust cleaning unit 400 includes a support frame 401 rotatably mounted on the top of the sector plate 300 and an operating box 402 mounted on the support frame 401; the operating box 402 is a box body with openings at both ends;

[0038] The dust cleaning unit 400 includes a T-shaped bearing block 403 provided on the inner side wall of the top wall of the operation box 402 , a traveling assembly 404 slidably provided on the T-shaped bearing block 403 , and a dust cleaning assembly 405 provided on the traveling assembly 404 .

[0039] It should be noted that the dust cleaning unit 400 can use high-pressure hot air. According to the prior art, the dust cleaning unit 400 of the present invention can also be connected to the high-pressure hot air and set at the secondary air, that is, the coldest end of the rotary preheater. The dust cleaning unit 400 can be used to blow high-temperature hot air to vaporize the (NH4)HSO4 formed at the cold end, and the temperature at the secondary air can be increased to suppress the generation of (NH4)HSO4 and prevent the condensation of sulfuric acid vapor. This will not be described in detail here. Because the support frame 401 is rotatably set above the fan plate 300, its position can be adjusted. The main function of the dust cleaning unit 400 of the present invention is to blow soot, so the dust cleaning unit 400 can be set in other areas such as the flue gas side, etc., in order to purge the heat storage element and effectively solve the corrosion and blockage problems of the heat exchange surface of the air preheater.

[0040] Furthermore, the walking assembly 404 includes a moving block 404a slidably set on the T-shaped supporting block 403, and a mounting block 404b fixedly set at the bottom of the moving block 404a; the mounting block 404b is provided with an internal thread; the walking assembly 404 also includes a screw rod 404c threadedly matched with the mounting block 404b, and a drive motor 404d arranged at one end of the screw rod 404c.

[0041] It should be noted that the driving motor 404d drives the screw rod 404c to rotate, so that the mounting block 404b is displaced on the T-shaped bearing block 403, so that the dust cleaning component 405 can move on the surface of the rotor 100 and blow dust in multiple directions.

[0042] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly 405 includes a connecting block 405a arranged on the mounting block 404b, a fixing rod 405b arranged on the connecting block 405a, a support rod 405c vertically arranged at one end of the fixing rod 405b, a high-pressure spray head 405d hingedly arranged at both ends of the support rod 405c, and a baffle 405e arranged at the bottom of the support rod 405c.

[0043] It should be noted that the high-pressure injection head 405d sprays high-pressure gas, and a plurality of injection holes are provided at the bottom of the high-pressure injection head 405d along its length direction.

[0044] Furthermore, a guide rod 405d - 1 is provided at one end of the high-pressure spray head 405d ; the dust cleaning unit 400 also includes a guide rail assembly 406 that cooperates with the guide rod 405d - 1 ; the guide rail assembly 406 is arranged on the inner side wall of the bottom wall of the operation box 402 .

[0045] Furthermore, the guide rail assembly 406 includes two groups of horizontal guide rails 406a arranged on the inner side wall of the bottom wall of the operation box 402, and two groups of vertical guide rails 406b arranged between the two groups of horizontal guide rails 406a; the vertical guide rails 406b are arranged parallel to the length direction of the operation box 402; the horizontal guide rails 406a include an arcuate guide rail 406a-1, and a parallel guide rail 406a-2 connected to the arcuate guide rail 406a-1; the vertical guide rail 406b coincides with the initial end of the horizontal guide rail 406a; the guide rod 405d-1 slides in the vertical guide rail 406b and the horizontal guide rail 406a; a swing block 407 for controlling the walking path of the guide rod 405d-1 is provided on one side of the vertical guide rail 406b, and a stepping motor is connected to the swing block 407 to make it rotate.

[0046] It should be noted that, first, when the drive motor 404d rotates, it drives the screw 404c to rotate, and then drives the high-pressure spray head 405d to move on the T-shaped bearing block 403 and come out of the operating box 402. At this time, the guide rod 405d-1 below the high-pressure spray head 405d is sliding in the vertical guide rail 406b. The high-pressure spray head 405d is parallel to the operating box 402. Under the action of the drive motor 404d, the two groups of high-pressure spray heads 405d reciprocate left and right on the surface of the rotor 100. At this time, the rotor 100 rotates. Therefore, during the rotation of the rotor 100, the two groups of high-pressure spray heads 405d retract and reciprocate radially along the rotor. The dust accumulated on the heat storage element on the rotor 100 is blown away. This soot blowing method can effectively blow away the corrugated space of the heat storage element, and has a wide vertical coverage range and a narrow lateral range.

[0047] Preferably, because the linear velocity of the outer ring of the heated surface of the rotor is relatively large, when the high-pressure injection head 405d is parallel to the fixed rod 405b, the outer ring purge time is the same as that of the inner ring, but the purge area is much larger, so that the outer ring area of ​​the heated surface of the air preheater cannot be effectively purged, and the purge effect is poor.

[0048] Preferably, the high-pressure spray head 405d is hinged to the support rod 405c and has a certain damping effect. According to the above steps, it can be seen that the high-pressure spray head 405d is always in a certain position to blow dust from the heat storage element on the rotor 100, and the lateral range is relatively narrow. Because the heat storage element is corrugated, the dust blowing needs to be adjusted to achieve a better cleaning effect. Therefore, the stepper motor switch can be driven to cause the swing block 407 to swing. At this time, the driving motor 404d drives the screw rod 404c to rotate, thereby driving the two groups of high-pressure injection heads 405d to move. Therefore, under the guidance of the swing block 407, the guide rod 405d-1 on the two groups of high-pressure injection heads 405d first enters the arc guide rail 406a-1. As the high-pressure injection head 405d moves along the arc guide rail 406a-1, it will rotate itself. After passing the arc guide rail 406a-1, it enters the parallel guide rail 406a-1, maintaining the position of the high-pressure injection head 405d, and then extends out of the operating box 402 to blow soot. Driven by the driving motor 404d, the high-pressure injection head 405d is extended and reciprocated on the rotor 100 along the radial direction of the rotor. Furthermore, the angle of high-pressure nozzle 405d changes. Adjustment of the curved guide rail 406a-1 increases the range of high-pressure nozzle 405d, improving operating efficiency. Furthermore, the larger the blowing range, the less dust accumulates on rotor 100, resulting in better soot blowing and preventing dust accumulation. By varying the angle of high-pressure nozzle 405d in these two ways, multiple changes can be made during operation of rotor 100, resulting in staggered changes and improved soot blowing efficiency and effectiveness.

[0049] Preferably, when the high-pressure spray head 405d is parallel to the support rod 405c, there will be several spray heads arranged side by side in the tangential direction of the air preheater rotor rotation trajectory, so that the outer ring heating surface that is difficult to blow clean is repeatedly blown, the blowing effect is improved, and the residence time of the rotor heat storage element passing through the cleaning device in the sweeping cross section is increased.

[0050] Furthermore, a limiting piece 406a-3 and an arc-shaped transition edge 406a-4 opposite to the limiting piece 406a-3 are provided at the initial end of the parallel guide rail 406a-2.

[0051] It should be noted that when the guide rod 405d-1 on the high-pressure spray head 405d enters the curved guide rail 406a-1, the high-pressure spray head 405d may be less than 180 degrees away from being parallel to the support rod 405c, thereby providing a horizontal limit plate 406a-3. When the high-pressure spray head 405d continues to move forward, the guide rod 405d-1 contacts the limit plate 406a-3, causing the two groups of high-pressure spray heads 405d to rotate. Finally, when the high-pressure spray head 405d is parallel to the support rod 405c, the guide rod 405d-1 just enters the parallel track 206a-2. Because the baffle 405e prevents the high-pressure spray head 405d from rotating without restriction, the maximum limit is parallel to the support rod 405c, and finally enters the parallel guide rail 406a-2 to maximize the soot blowing range.

[0052] Preferably, when the high-pressure spray head 405d is retracted, the guide rod 405d-1 smoothly contacts the curved transition edge 406a-4 and then enters the curved guide rail 406a-1. Finally, the high-pressure spray head 405d returns to its initial state and is parallel to the operation box 402. At this time, the stepper motor can be adjusted to adjust the rotation of the swing block 407, and the guide rod 405d-1 can be controlled to move toward the vertical guide rail 406b or the curved guide rail 406a-1, thereby controlling whether the high-pressure spray head 405d is rotated. Adjustment can be made according to actual conditions.

[0053] A method for treating a rotary air preheater ash blockage high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device specifically comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: The heat storage element in the rotor 100 rotates to the flue gas side to store heat, and then rotates to the air side to achieve temperature transfer;

[0055] Step 2: When the heat storage element in the rotor 100 is rotated to the flue gas side again, the drive motor 404d drives the screw 404c to rotate, causing the moving block 404a to move along the T-shaped bearing block 403, thereby driving the high-pressure spray head 405d on the fixed rod 405b to extend from the operating box 402 to spray and clean the surface of the heat storage element;

[0056] Step 3: After the high-pressure spray head 405d sprays, the reactants are blown away and the dust accumulated on the surface of the heat storage element is washed away. As the rotor 100 rotates, the drive motor 404d rotates to make the high-pressure spray head 405d reciprocate and extend, and the heat storage element is fully sprayed.

[0057] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device for ash blockage in a rotary air preheater, characterized by: include, A rotor; a heat storage element is provided in the rotor, the heat storage element is used to store heat and transfer heat when the rotor rotates; A radial partition is arranged radially along the end surface of the rotor; a sector plate, disposed on top of the radial partition plate and in dynamic contact and sealing engagement therewith; A dust cleaning unit is provided on the top of the sector plate and is used to remove sediments in the heat storage element; the dust cleaning unit includes a support frame rotatably provided on the top of the sector plate, and an operation box provided on the support frame; the operation box is a box body with openings at both ends; The dust cleaning unit includes a T-shaped bearing block provided on the inner side wall of the top wall of the operation box, a traveling assembly slidably provided on the T-shaped bearing block, and a dust cleaning assembly provided on the traveling assembly; The walking assembly includes a moving block slidably arranged on the T-shaped bearing block, and a mounting block fixedly arranged at the bottom of the moving block; the mounting block is provided with an internal thread; the walking assembly also includes a screw rod engaged with the thread of the mounting block, and a drive motor arranged at one end of the screw rod; The dust cleaning assembly includes a connecting block provided on the mounting block, a fixing rod provided on the connecting block, a support rod provided vertically at one end of the fixing rod, a high-pressure spray head hingedly provided at both ends of the support rod, and a baffle provided at the bottom of the support rod; A guide rod is provided at one end of the high-pressure spray head; the dust cleaning unit further comprises a guide rail assembly that cooperates with the guide rod; the guide rail assembly is arranged on the inner side wall of the bottom wall of the operation box; The guide rail assembly includes two groups of horizontal guide rails arranged on the inner side walls of the bottom wall of the operation box, and two groups of vertical guide rails arranged between the two groups of horizontal guide rails; the vertical guide rails are arranged parallel to the length direction of the operation box; the horizontal guide rails include arc-shaped guide rails and parallel guide rails connected to the arc-shaped guide rails; the vertical guide rails coincide with the initial ends of the horizontal guide rails; the guide rod slides in the vertical guide rails and the horizontal guide rails; a swing block for controlling the walking path of the guide rod is provided on one side of the vertical guide rail, and a stepping motor is connected to the swing block to make it rotate.

2. The high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device for ash blockage in a rotary air preheater according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting piece and an arc-shaped transition edge opposite to the limiting piece are provided at the initial end of the parallel guide rail.

3. A method for treating ash blockage in a rotary air preheater with a high-temperature pyrolysis treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Specifically include the following steps: Step 1: The heat storage element in the rotor rotates to the flue gas side to store heat, and then rotates to the air side to achieve temperature transfer; Step 2: When the heat storage element in the rotor is rotated to the flue gas side again, the drive motor drives the screw to rotate, causing the moving block to move along the T-shaped bearing block, thereby driving the high-pressure spray head on the fixed rod to extend from the operating box to spray and clean the surface of the heat storage element; Step 3: After the high-pressure spray head sprays, the reactants are blown away and the dust accumulated on the surface of the heat storage element is washed away. As the rotor rotates, the drive motor rotates to make the high-pressure spray head reciprocate and extend to fully spray the heat storage element.

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