A load-adjustable linear guide pair friction flexibility detection device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flexible detection device and method for the friction force of a linear guide pair with adjustable load. An AC servo motor rotates at a uniform speed, and a slide is driven by a lead screw to perform uniform linear motion. Two push rods push an outer shell and upper and lower slides to move synchronously. A tension and compression sensor detects the friction force of the linear guide pair under no-load; the front lateral pressure-adjusting screw or the rear lateral pressure-adjusting screw is rotated to adjust the lateral load on the front or rear side, and the front pressure or rear pressure is detected by the opposite rear lateral pressure sensor and the front pressure sensor; the forward pressure-adjusting screw is adjusted, and the forward pressure is detected by the forward pressure sensor; the tension and compression sensors respectively detect the friction force of the linear guide pair under load on the front, rear and forward sides, and adopt upper and lower opposing guide rails and slides oppositely installed on the guide rails to reduce the influence of external factors on the detection, and can detect the friction force of different types of guide rails under different force conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of testing the friction force of a linear guide pair, and in particular to a linear guide pair friction force detection device with adjustable load. Background Art

[0002] Linear guide pairs are the most commonly used transmission elements in tool machinery and precision machinery. Their main function is to convert rotational motion into linear motion, or to convert torque into axial repetitive force, while having the characteristics of high precision, reversibility and high efficiency. The friction force of linear motion ball guides is very important for predicting mechanical efficiency, thermal deformation and stiffness changes in the process of precision machinery optimization design. Most existing technologies use a fixed detection device with a uniform load to monitor the friction force of linear motion ball guides, but this method has low testing efficiency. Different detection devices need to be replaced for linear guides of different specifications, which has low testing efficiency. In addition, the device needs to be tested with different loads during the test process, and errors are prone to occur in the process of controlling the load, resulting in inaccurate test results. At the same time, linear guides are prone to installation errors during installation and vibration errors during movement. These factors will lead to inaccurate tests.

[0003] The measurement method disclosed in the document with Chinese invention patent publication number CN103438839A, entitled "A linear guide rail precision automatic measurement device and measurement method thereof", uses a pneumatic method to detect the accuracy of the guide rail using a non-contact sensor. During measurement, a standard slider equipped with a sensor moves at certain intervals to measure the height and parallelism of the measured guide rail. This method requires the production of corresponding standard guide rails and sliders when measuring different types of guide rails, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The measurement device disclosed in the document with Chinese invention patent number CN201910751627.3, entitled "Rolling linear guide pair preload and friction force synchronous rapid measurement device and method", realizes the friction force detection of the linear guide rail by fixing the detection device. During the detection process, the friction force of the guide rail is only detected under different positive load conditions after one clamping. It does not take into account the actual friction force under the action of lateral force and torque. Moreover, the entire device can only detect one type of guide rail and is not suitable for the detection of multiple types of linear guide rails. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide a linear guide rail friction flexibility detection device and detection method that can adjust the size and direction of the load and is suitable for various standard models, and can eliminate the detection errors generated by the device during installation and movement.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the friction flexibility detection device of a linear guide pair with adjustable load of the present invention is: it has a horizontal base plate, and the left half of the base plate is provided with a horizontally arranged upper guide rail and lower guide rail, the lower surface of the upper guide rail and the upper surface of the lower guide rail are tightly fitted, and pass through an outer shell together, and are located in the middle of the vertical central axis of the outer shell; a screw nut mechanism composed of a screw, a slide and a guide rod is provided on the right half of the base plate, the screw is arranged horizontally on the left and right, and is driven to rotate by an AC servo motor, the screw is matched with the slide through a thread, and there is a fixed guide rod under the front and rear sides of the screw, which passes through the slide with a gap; two push rods are symmetrical with respect to the screw and are parallel to the screw, the right ends of the two push rods are connected to the slide through a tension and compression sensor, and the left ends are fixedly connected to the outer shell; the top of the outer shell is connected vertically downward by a threaded positive pressure regulator The screw, the positive pressure-adjusting screw extends into the interior of the outer shell and the upper baffle, the positive pressure sensor and the lower baffle are arranged below in sequence, and the positive pressure sensor is connected between the upper baffle and the lower baffle; the front and rear side surfaces of the upper baffle and the lower baffle are respectively slidably connected to the front and rear inner walls of the outer shell through slide grooves; the lower part of the lower baffle is fitted with an upper slider that cooperates with the upper guide rail, and the lower slider below the upper slider cooperates with the lower guide rail; a front lateral pressure sensor is provided between the upper slider and the front inner wall of the outer shell, and a rear upper pad is provided between the upper slider and the rear inner wall of the outer shell, and the horizontal rear lateral pressure-adjusting screw passes through the rear side wall of the outer shell and contacts the rear upper pad; a rear lateral pressure sensor is provided between the lower slider and the rear inner wall of the outer shell, and a front lower pad is provided between the lower slider and the front inner wall of the outer shell, and the horizontal front lateral pressure-adjusting screw passes through the front side wall of the outer shell and contacts the front lower pad.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the detection method of the linear guide pair friction flexibility detection device is:

[0007] Step 1): The AC servo motor rotates at a constant speed, and the lead screw drives the slide to perform a constant linear motion. The two push rods push the outer shell and the upper and lower slides to move synchronously. The tension and compression sensors detect the friction force of the linear guide pair under no-load conditions.

[0008] Step 2): Turn the front lateral pressure adjusting screw or the rear lateral pressure adjusting screw to adjust the front or rear lateral load, and the front pressure or rear pressure is detected by the opposite rear lateral pressure sensor and the front lateral pressure sensor; adjust the forward pressure adjusting screw, and the forward pressure is detected by the forward pressure sensor;

[0009] Step 3): Repeat step 1), and the tension and compression sensors respectively detect the friction forces of the linear guide pair under load at the front side, rear side, and positive direction.

[0010] Furthermore, simultaneously rotate the forward pressure-adjusting screw and one of the front lateral pressure-adjusting screw and the rear lateral pressure-adjusting screw to apply a torque of the corresponding load to the linear guide rail, and then repeat step 1). The tensile and compressive forces displayed by the tension and compression sensors are the friction forces exerted on the linear guide rail pair under the action of the torque.

[0011] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0012] 1. The present invention adopts an installation method that uses two opposing upper and lower guide rails and sliders installed oppositely on the guide rails. Compared with the traditional one-way installation, this installation method can measure the friction force of the guide rails in both forward and reverse installation states under the same conditions, eliminating the errors caused by disassembly and assembly, making the comparison results more accurate.

[0013] 2. This invention utilizes a separate installation method for the guide screw and slider, connecting them via a push rod, on which a tension and compression sensor is mounted. This push rod applies force directly to the center of the outer shell, avoiding bending moments during the force application process that could affect friction detection results. Furthermore, this installation method allows the friction acting on the linear guide to be directly measured using the tension and compression sensor, making it more reliable and accurate than traditional methods that calculate friction by indirectly measuring other physical quantities.

[0014] 3. Adjustable pads are provided at the front and rear ends of the slider, and a movable baffle is provided at the upper end. Different types of pads can be replaced according to the model of the linear guide and the position of the baffle can be moved up and down, reflecting the characteristics of flexible clamping.

[0015] 4. This invention uses a pressure-adjusting screw to add load to the guide rail, making the load controllable and easy to adjust. This facilitates testing the friction experienced by the guide rail under different load conditions. Using both a forward pressure-adjusting screw and a lateral pressure-adjusting screw allows testing the effect of unidirectional pressure on guide rail friction when used separately, and measuring friction under torque conditions when used together.

[0016] 5. This invention uses movable clamps and set screws to secure the upper and lower sliders together, ensuring a tight fit between the upper and lower guide rails. By adjusting the positions of the four sets of movable clamps and set screws, the friction of different linear guide rail models can be tested without moving other components of the entire device. This reduces assembly and disassembly time and eliminates the impact of assembly and disassembly precision on friction.

[0017] 6. In order to reduce errors that occur during the installation process and vibrations generated by the mechanism during movement, the present invention uses a movable structure to offset installation errors, reduce vibrations generated during movement, and reduce the impact of external factors on friction force detection.

[0018] 7. The present invention can detect the friction force of different types of guide rails under different stress conditions through a simple device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a load-adjustable linear guideway friction flexibility detection device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of the AC servo motor, lead screw and nut mechanism, and other local structures;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Left view of the local structure;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of the outer shell and its internal structure;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Left view of;

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0025] In the figure: 1-workbench; 2-AC servo motor; 3-gearbox; 4-right baffle; 5-guide rod; 6-coupling; 7-slide; 8-tension and compression sensor; 9-screw; 10-push rod; 11-base plate; 12-left baffle; 13-flange; 14-outer shell; 15-guide rail pad; 16-upper guide rail; 17-lower guide rail; 18-fixed plate; 19-forward pressure-adjusting screw; 20-front lateral pressure-adjusting screw; 21-rear lateral pressure-adjusting screw; 22-upper baffle; 23-slide; 24-lower baffle; 25-front lateral pressure sensor; 26-front upper pad; 27-front lower pad; 28-forward pressure sensor; 29-upper slider; 30-rear upper pad; 31-lower slider; 32-rear lower pad; 33-rear lateral pressure sensor; 34-fastening bolt; 35-movable clamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a load-adjustable linear guideway friction flexibility detection device comprising a workbench 1. Two fixing plates 18 are fixed to the upper surface of the workbench 1 with screws. The two fixing plates 18 are spaced a distance apart and arranged face to face, one on the left and one on the right. A horizontal base plate 11 is positioned between the two fixing plates 18. The left and right ends of the base plate 11 are fixed to the two fixing plates 18 with screws, thereby securely connecting the base plate 11 to the workbench 1.

[0027] The workbench 1 is placed horizontally on the ground, and its surface is covered with a number of screw holes of the same size for fixing the fixing plate 18 at different positions on the surface of the workbench 1 to adjust the positions of the fixing plate 18 and the base plate 11.

[0028] The right half of the base plate 11 is fixedly connected to a baffle at each end: a left baffle 12 and a right baffle 4. Both the left baffle 12 and the right baffle 4 are perpendicular to the base plate 11. The left half of the base plate 11 is fixedly connected to a guide rail pad 15 at each end. An upper guide rail 16 and a lower guide rail 17 are fixedly connected between the two guide rail pads 15. The lower surface of the upper guide rail 16 and the upper surface of the lower guide rail 17 are tightly fitted together. The upper and lower guide rails 16 and 17 have the same structure and are symmetrically fitted together. The upper and lower guide rails 16 and 17 are arranged horizontally, passing through the outer shell 14 together, and are located in the center of the vertical center axis of the outer shell 14.

[0029] A screw-nut mechanism is provided between the first baffle 4 and the second baffle 12 in the right half of the base plate 11 . The screw-nut mechanism is arranged horizontally on the left and right sides and is connected in sequence via the coupling 6 , the gear box 3 and the AC servo motor 2 .

[0030] The screw-nut mechanism consists of a screw 9, a slide 7, and a guide rod 5. The screw 9 is horizontal, with the slide 7 mounted on top, threadedly engaging the center of the slide 7. There is also a guide rod 5 located below the front and rear sides of the screw 9. These two guide rods 5 are parallel to the screw 9 and symmetrical with respect to the front and rear sides of the screw 9. Both guide rods 5 pass through the slide 7 with clearance, and their left and right ends are fixedly connected to the left baffle 12 and the right baffle 4, respectively.

[0031] A push rod 10 is provided on each side of the lead screw 9. The two push rods 10 are symmetrical with respect to the lead screw 9 and are parallel to the lead screw 9. The right ends of the two push rods 10 are connected to the slide 7 via a tension and compression sensor 8. The left ends of the two push rods 10 extend to the left and are fixedly connected to the outer shell 14. The two push rods 10 are on the same horizontal plane as the lead screw 9 and are at the same height from the workbench 1.

[0032] The right end of the lead screw 9 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the gearbox 3 via a coupling 6. The input shaft of the gearbox 3 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the AC servo motor 2. When the AC servo motor 2 is in operation, it transmits power to the gearbox 3 through rotation. The gearbox 3 transmits power to the lead screw 9 through the coupling 6, causing the lead screw 9 to rotate and drive the slide 7 to move in a uniform horizontal linear motion. The uniform horizontal linear motion of the slide 7 drives the push rod 10, which is fixed to it, to move synchronously, thereby driving the outer shell 14 in a synchronous motion. Two guide rods 5 ensure that the movement of the slide 7 is always in a straight line.

[0033] The gear box 3 is fixed on the right baffle 4, and the output shaft of the AC servo motor 2 is perpendicular to the lead screw 9 and horizontal front and back.

[0034] The AC servo motor is implemented using Huichuan ISMH series servo motor, and the coupling 6 is implemented using a single-section cross universal joint coupling with an outer diameter of 25 and a length of 60.

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the outer shell 14 is U-shaped with the opening facing downward. The left ends of the two push rods 10 are fixedly connected to the outer shell 14 via a flange 13. The two push rods 10 are also symmetrical front-to-back with respect to the vertical center of the outer shell 14. The two push rods 10 are respectively fixedly connected to the middle of the two side walls of the U-shape of the outer shell 14.

[0036] The top of the outer shell 14 is threadedly connected to a vertically downward-facing positive pressure-adjusting screw 19, which extends into the interior of the outer shell 14. Below the positive pressure-adjusting screw 19 are, in order, an upper baffle 22, a positive pressure sensor 28, and a lower baffle 24. The positive pressure sensor 28 is used to measure positive load and is connected between the upper and lower baffles 22, 24. A vertical chute 23 is provided on each of the front and rear inner walls of the outer shell 14. The front and rear side surfaces of the upper and lower baffles 22, 24 are slidably connected to the same chute 23, allowing the upper and lower baffles 22, 24 to move up and down along the chute 23 within the outer shell 14, while their lateral positions do not change.

[0037] An upper slider 29 is attached to the lower portion of the lower baffle 24. The upper slider 29 cooperates with the upper guide rail 16 and can slide left and right along the upper guide rail 16. Below the upper slider 29 is a lower slider 31. The lower slider 31 cooperates with the lower guide rail 17 and can slide left and right along the lower guide rail 17. The upper slider 29 and the lower slider 31 do not contact each other.

[0038] A front lateral pressure sensor 25 and a front upper pad 26 are disposed between the upper slider 29 and the front inner wall of the outer shell 14. The front lateral pressure sensor 25 is in close contact with the front outer wall of the upper slider 29. The front upper pad 26 is screwed to the front inner wall of the outer shell 14 and is in close contact with the front inner wall of the outer shell 14. The front lateral pressure sensor 25 is partially embedded within the front upper pad 26. A rear upper pad 30 is disposed between the upper slider 29 and the rear inner wall of the outer shell 14. The rear upper pad 30 is at the same height as the front upper pad 26 and fits tightly between the rear inner wall of the outer shell 14 and the upper slider 29. A horizontal rear lateral pressure-adjusting screw 21 is threadedly connected to the rear wall of the outer shell 14. The rear lateral pressure-adjusting screw 21 passes through the rear wall of the outer shell 14 and contacts the rear upper pad 30. The rear lateral pressure-adjusting screw 21 applies a rearward load to the upper slider 29 through the rear upper pad 30. The front lateral pressure sensor 25 is used to measure the lateral load applied to the rear lateral pressure adjusting screw 21 on the opposite side.

[0039] Similarly, a rear lateral pressure sensor 33 and a rear lower pad 32 are installed between the rear inner wall of the outer housing 14 and the lower slider 31, ensuring that the rear lateral pressure sensor 33 is in close contact with the rear outer wall of the lower slider 31. The rear lower pad 32 is fixed to the rear inner wall of the outer housing 14 with screws and is in close contact with the rear inner wall of the outer housing 14. The rear lateral pressure sensor 33 is partially embedded within the rear lower pad 32. A front lower pad 27 is installed in front of the rear lower pad 32 at the same height as the rear lower pad 32. The front side of the front lower pad 27 is in close contact with the front inner wall of the outer housing 14, and the rear side is in close contact with the front side of the lower slider 31. The front lateral pressure-adjusting screw 20 passes through the front wall of the outer housing 14 and contacts the front lower pad 27. The front lateral pressure-adjusting screw 20 applies a front load to the lower slider 31 through the front lower pad 27. The rear lateral pressure sensor 33 is used to measure the front lateral load applied by the front lateral pressure-adjusting screw 20.

[0040] In order to ensure the flexible clamping effect of the entire device, the four pads, namely the front upper pad 26, the rear upper pad 30, the front lower pad 27, and the rear lower pad 32, are detachable and easy to replace to adapt to different guide rails.

[0041] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, vertical fastening bolts 34 and movable clamps 35 are used to secure the upper and lower sliders 29 and 31. Four fastening bolts 34 extend upward from the bottom through the corresponding four movable clamps 35, passing through the four corners of the upper and lower sliders 29 and 31, respectively, securing the upper and lower sliders 29 and 31 to their corresponding upper and lower guide rails 16 and 17. The movable clamps 35 are placed at the bottom of the outer shell 14. The fastening bolts 34 and movable clamps 35 form a separate unit that can secure upper and lower guide rails 16 and 17 of different sizes. After securing, the position can be adjusted using the movable clamps 35 installed at the bottom to prevent rigid pressure on the upper and lower guide rails 16 and 17 during installation, which could affect friction testing.

[0042] See also Figure 1-6 During the test, the friction force of the two opposing linear guide rails formed by the upper guide rail 16 and the upper slider 29, and the lower guide rail 17 and the lower slider 31 is tested in different environments when they are installed in the forward and reverse directions. Specifically:

[0043] Step 1: Start AC servo motor 2, which changes speed through gearbox 3, maintaining a constant speed after the change. This power is transmitted to screw 9, which rotates, and in turn, drives slide 7 in a straight line along the horizontal axis. The AC servo motor 2 maintains a constant speed output, ensuring uniform rotation of screw 9 and uniform linear motion of slide 7.

[0044] Step 2: Slide 7 pushes outer housing 14 via two push rods 11 connected to it, driving the upper slider 29 and lower slider 31 and other components associated with outer housing 14 to move synchronously. Upper slider 29 and lower slider 31 slide along upper guide rail 16 and lower guide rail 17 at a uniform speed. The combined force of the two push rods 10 acts on the center of outer housing 14, preventing vibration and offset during the pushing process that could affect uniform linear motion. It also eliminates the influence of torque on the entire motion process, thereby ensuring more accurate detection results.

[0045] Step 3: At this point, there is no load on upper and lower sliders 29, 31, and on upper and lower guide rails 16, 17. During the movement of upper and lower sliders 29, 31 by push rods 10, tension and compression sensors 8 connected to push rods 10 measure the tension and compression signals experienced during this movement. The tension and compression sensors 8 convert the measured tension and compression signals into electrical signals, which are then converted into digital signals by the PLC and transmitted to a computer, which displays the tension and compression experienced during this movement.

[0046] Since the entire motion process always maintains uniform linear motion, the tensile force detected is the friction force exerted on the linear guide pair under no-load conditions.

[0047] Step 4: To make the measured tensile force more accurate, repeat steps 1-3, measure the tensile force multiple times, calculate the average value of all tensile forces, and use the average value as the friction force of the linear guide pair.

[0048] Step 5: To detect the friction force under load, the lateral loads on the front and rear sides are adjusted by rotating the front lateral pressure-adjusting screw 20 and the rear lateral pressure-adjusting screw 21 respectively. The corresponding front pressure and rear pressure are read by the opposite rear lateral pressure sensor 33 and the front lateral pressure sensor 24 respectively. The adjustment is stopped when the set pressure is reached. The pressure-adjusting screw applies a load to the guide rail, reads the pressure value of the corresponding pressure sensor, and stops rotating the pressure-adjusting screw when the set pressure is reached. The pressure of the forward load is adjusted by the forward pressure-adjusting screw 19, reads the pressure value of the forward pressure sensor 28, and stops adjusting the forward pressure-adjusting screw 19 when the set pressure is reached. The pressure of the lateral load is adjusted by the lateral pressure-adjusting screw. The operating speed of the AC servo motor 2 is the same as when it is unloaded, and a uniform speed is maintained.

[0049] There are several ways to detect friction under load:

[0050] The first method is to detect the friction force of the linear guide under a positive load: Turn the positive pressure adjusting screw 19 downward, driving the upper baffle 22 downward along the slide 23, squeezing the positive pressure sensor 28. At this time, the load on the guide rail can be measured through the positive pressure sensor 28. When the positive load reaches the set value, stop rotating the positive pressure adjusting screw 19. Then, repeat steps 1-3 and record the tensile pressure displayed by the tensile and compressive sensor 8. This tensile pressure is the friction force on the linear guide pair under the positive load.

[0051] Method 2: Detecting the frictional force of the linear guide rail under a frontal load: Rotate the front lateral pressure-adjusting screw 20. This creates lateral pressure on the front lower pad 27, which in turn applies rearward pressure, squeezing the rear lateral pressure sensor 33. When the result displayed by the rear lateral pressure sensor 33 matches the set test load, stop turning the lateral pressure-adjusting screw 20. Repeat steps 1-3, recording the tensile and compressive forces displayed by the tensile and compressive sensors 8. This tensile force represents the frictional force experienced by the linear guide rail under the frontal load.

[0052] Method 3: Detecting the frictional force of the linear guide under rearward load: By rotating the rearward pressure-adjusting screw 21, the rear upper pad 30 receives lateral pressure, applying forward pressure and squeezing the frontward pressure sensor 25. When the result displayed by the frontward pressure sensor 25 matches the required test load, stop turning the rearward pressure-adjusting screw 21. Repeat steps 1-3, recording the tensile and compressive forces displayed by the tension and compression sensors 8 during the movement. This tensile force represents the frictional force experienced by the linear guide under rearward load.

[0053] Method 4: Detecting the frictional force of a linear guide rail under torque: Simultaneously rotate the forward pressure-adjusting screw 20 and one of the front and rear pressure-adjusting screws 20 and 21 to adjust the force ratio and apply a torque corresponding to the load to the linear guide rail. Repeat steps 1-3 and record the tensile and compressive forces displayed by the tension and compression sensor 8 during the movement. This tensile and compressive forces represent the frictional force experienced by the linear guide rail under torque.

[0054] The present invention can test the friction force of a guide rail under various load conditions through a simple device, and the test results are accurate and the process is simple and easy to operate.

Claims

1. A load-adjustable linear guideway friction flexibility detection device having a horizontal base plate (11), characterized by: The left half of the base plate (11) is provided with a horizontally arranged upper guide rail (16) and a lower guide rail (17), the lower surface of the upper guide rail (16) and the upper surface of the lower guide rail (17) are tightly fitted, and pass through an outer shell (14) together, and are located in the middle of the vertical central axis of the outer shell (14); a screw nut mechanism consisting of a screw (9), a slide (7) and a guide rod (5) is provided on the right half of the base plate (11), the screw (9) is arranged horizontally on the left and right, and is driven to rotate by the AC servo motor (2), the screw (9) is matched with the slide (7) through a thread, and a fixed guide rod (5) is provided below the front and rear sides of the screw (9) and passes through the slide (7) with a gap; two push rods (10) are symmetrical with respect to the screw (9) and are parallel to the screw (9), the right ends of the two push rods (10) are connected to the slide (7) through a tension and pressure sensor (8), and the left ends are fixedly connected to the outer shell (14); The top of the outer shell (14) is connected to a vertically downward positive pressure regulating screw (19) through a thread, and the positive pressure regulating screw (19) extends into the interior of the outer shell (14) and below it are an upper baffle (22), a positive pressure sensor (28) and a lower baffle (24), and the positive pressure sensor (28) is connected between the upper baffle (22) and the lower baffle (24); the front and rear side surfaces of the upper baffle (22) and the lower baffle (24) are respectively slidably connected to the front and rear inner walls of the outer shell (14) through a slide groove (23); the lower part of the lower baffle (24) is fitted with an upper slider (29) that cooperates with the upper guide rail (16), and the lower slider (31) below the upper slider (29) is fitted with the upper guide rail (16). The upper slider (29) is provided with a front lateral pressure sensor (25) and a rear upper pad (30) between the upper slider (29) and the front inner wall of the outer shell (14), and a horizontal rear lateral pressure regulating screw (21) passes through the rear wall of the outer shell (14) and contacts the rear upper pad (30); the lower slider (31) is provided with a rear lateral pressure sensor (33) and a front lower pad (27) between the lower slider (31) and the rear inner wall of the outer shell (14), and a horizontal front lateral pressure regulating screw (20) passes through the front wall of the outer shell (14) and contacts the front lower pad (27); The front lateral pressure sensor (25) is partially embedded in the front upper pad (26), and the front upper pad (26) is fixed to the front inner wall of the outer shell (14); the rear lateral pressure sensor (33) is partially embedded in the rear lower pad (32), and the rear lower pad (32) is fixed to the rear inner wall of the outer shell (14); The front upper pad (26), the rear upper pad (30), the front lower pad (27), and the rear lower pad (32) are all detachable.

2. The load-adjustable linear guideway friction flexibility detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper slider (29) and the lower slider (31) are connected by vertical fastening bolts (34) and movable clamps (35). The four fastening bolts (34) pass through the corresponding four movable clamps (35) from the bottom upward and pass through the four corners of the upper slider (29) and the lower slider (31).

3. The load-adjustable linear guideway friction flexibility detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two push rods (10) are at the same height as the lead screw (9).

4. The load-adjustable linear guideway friction flexibility detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two push rods (10) are symmetrical front and back relative to the vertical center of the outer shell (14).

5. The load-adjustable linear guideway friction flexibility detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell (14) is U-shaped with its opening facing downwards, and the left ends of the two push rods (10) are respectively fixedly connected to the middle of the two side walls of the U-shaped outer shell (14) through a flange (13).

6. A method for detecting the friction flexibility of a linear guide pair according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1): The AC servo motor (2) rotates at a constant speed, and the guide screw (9) drives the slide (7) to perform a constant linear motion. The two push rods (10) push the outer shell (14) and the upper slider (29) and the lower slider (31) to move synchronously. The tension and compression sensor (8) detects the friction force of the linear guide pair under no-load conditions. Step 2): Turn the front lateral pressure regulating screw (20) or the rear lateral pressure regulating screw (21) to adjust the lateral load on the front or rear side, and the front pressure or rear pressure is detected by the opposite rear lateral pressure sensor (33) and the front lateral pressure sensor (25); adjust the forward pressure regulating screw (19), and the forward pressure is detected by the forward pressure sensor (28); Step 3): Repeat step 1), the tension and compression sensors (8) respectively detect the friction forces of the linear guide pair under load at the front side, rear side and forward direction.

7. The detection method according to claim 6, wherein: Simultaneously rotate the forward pressure-adjusting screw (19) and one of the front lateral pressure-adjusting screw (20) and the rear lateral pressure-adjusting screw (21) to apply a torque corresponding to the load to the linear guide rail, and then repeat step 1). The tension and pressure displayed by the tension and pressure sensor (8) is the friction force exerted on the linear guide rail under the action of the torque.

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