Transparent antenna

Abstract

The present invention provides a light-transmitting antenna, comprising a substrate, and first and second conductive patterns. The first conductive pattern is disposed on the first surface of the substrate and comprises a first feeder unit, first and second radiating units, first and second coupling units, and a first parasitic unit. The first feeder unit is connected to the second radiating unit. The first and second radiating units are located between the first and second coupling units. One side of the first parasitic unit is connected to the second coupling unit. The other side of the first parasitic unit is adjacent to the first coupling unit. The second conductive pattern is disposed on the second surface of the substrate and comprises a second feeder unit, a third coupling unit, a second parasitic unit, and a fourth coupling unit. The orthographic projection of the second feeder unit on the first surface overlaps the first feeder unit, the first radiating unit, and the second radiating unit. The orthographic projections of the third coupling unit, the fourth coupling unit, and the second parasitic unit on the first surface overlap the first coupling unit, the second coupling unit, and the first parasitic unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a light-transmitting antenna. Background Art

[0002] Currently, wireless communication technologies are increasingly adopting relay technology to improve wireless coverage, group mobility, cell-edge throughput, and provide temporary network deployment options. In 5G communication systems, to improve signal coverage, base stations are ideally located on the middle floors of buildings, rather than on rooftops, which are located further away from the ground. However, complex urban environments make it extremely difficult to find locations for antenna installation. Installing antennas indoors through glass can improve coverage. Translucent antennas, with their light-transmitting and unobtrusive design, combine aesthetics with functionality, eliminating the hassles of site selection and site installation. Of course, the performance of translucent antennas also directly impacts the user experience of wireless networks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention is directed to a light-transmitting antenna with better performance.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a light-transmitting antenna includes a substrate, a first conductive pattern, and a second conductive pattern. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. The first conductive pattern is disposed on the first surface and includes a first feeder, a first radiating element, a first coupling element, a first parasitic element, a second radiating element, and a second coupling element. The first feeder is connected to the second radiating element. The first and second radiating elements are located between the first coupling element and the second coupling element. One side of the first parasitic element is connected to the second coupling element. The other side of the first parasitic element is adjacent to the first coupling element. The second conductive pattern is disposed on the second surface and includes a second feeder, a third coupling element, a second parasitic element, and a fourth coupling element. The orthographic projection of the second feeder on the first surface overlaps the first feeder, the first radiating element, and the second radiating element. The orthographic projection of the third coupling element on the first surface overlaps the first coupling element. The orthographic projection of the fourth coupling element on the first surface overlaps the second coupling element. The orthographic projection of the second parasitic element on the first surface overlaps the first parasitic element. One side of the second parasitic element is connected to the fourth coupling element. The other side of the second parasitic element is adjacent to the third coupling element.

[0005] The light-transmitting antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention has the characteristics of broadband, high gain and multi-frequency.

[0006] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this does not limit the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a light-transmitting antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0008] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the first conductive pattern of the light-transmitting antenna.

[0009] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the second conductive pattern of the light-transmitting antenna.

[0010] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the conductive area of ​​the electromagnetic wave reflecting plate of the light-transmitting antenna.

[0011] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the first conductive pattern of the light-transmitting antenna.

[0012] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first conductive pattern of the light-transmitting antenna.

[0013] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a light-transmitting antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 8 FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of a light-transmitting antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The structural principle and working principle of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a light-transmitting antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1The transparent antenna 100 of this embodiment includes a substrate 110, a first conductive pattern 120, and a second conductive pattern 130. The substrate 110 has a first surface 112 and a second surface 114 opposite to each other. The first conductive pattern 120 is disposed on the first surface 112 and includes a first feeder unit 120A, a first radiating unit 120B, a first coupling unit 120D, a first parasitic unit 120E, a second radiating unit 120C, and a second coupling unit 120F. The first feeder unit 120A is connected to the second radiating unit 120C. The first radiating unit 120B and the second radiating unit 120C are located between the first coupling unit 120D and the second coupling unit 120F. One side of the first parasitic unit 120E is connected to the second coupling unit 120F. The other side of the first parasitic unit 120E is adjacent to the first coupling unit 120D. The second conductive pattern 130 is disposed on the second surface 114 and includes a second feeding element 130A, a third coupling element 130B, a second parasitic element 130C, and a fourth coupling element 130D. The orthographic projection of the second feeding element 130A on the first surface 112 overlaps the first feeding element 120A, the first radiating element 120B, and the second radiating element 120C. The orthographic projection of the third coupling element 130B on the first surface 112 overlaps the first coupling element 120D. The orthographic projection of the fourth coupling element 130D on the first surface 112 overlaps the second coupling element 120F. The orthographic projection of the second parasitic element 130C on the first surface 112 overlaps the first parasitic element 120E. One side of the second parasitic element 130C is connected to the fourth coupling element 130D. The other side of the second parasitic element 130C is adjacent to the third coupling element 130B.

[0017] In the light-transmitting antenna 100 of this embodiment, the first feeder unit 120A of the first conductive pattern 120 and the second feeder unit 130A of the second conductive pattern 130 are coupled to each other, enabling signal input via capacitive feed. Furthermore, both the first conductive pattern 120 and the second conductive pattern 130 have high light transmittance, making them suitable for indoor installation and improving network coverage. This prevents signal loss when the antenna is installed outdoors and then brought indoors via a long cable, while also maintaining aesthetic appeal and preventing loss of indoor lighting. Furthermore, the light-transmitting antenna 100 of this embodiment exhibits characteristics such as full-plane current flow, multi-frequency operation, a narrow beam, and high gain.

[0018] In this embodiment, the substrate 110 does not have conductive vias. That is, the transparent antenna 100 does not require conductive vias that would block light. Instead, the first and second feeder units 120A and 130A are used to move the signal feed location to the edge of the substrate 110. This avoids creating a light-blocking spot in the center of the transparent antenna 100, thus preventing visibility and maintaining aesthetic appeal. In this embodiment, the transparent antenna 100 may further include a feeder line 150. The first and second feeder units 120A and 130A are electrically connected to the feeder line 150 at the edges of the substrate 110.

[0019] In this embodiment, the substrate 110 includes a first substrate 110A and a second substrate 110B stacked together. The surface of the first substrate 110A facing away from the second substrate 110B is a first surface 112. The surface of the second substrate 110B facing away from the first substrate 110A is a second surface 114. The first substrate 110A and the second substrate 110B are stacked together, for example, in direct contact with each other with substantially no gap. Under this architecture, the first conductive pattern 120 can be formed on the first substrate 110A using a single-sided process, and the second conductive pattern 130 can also be formed on the second substrate 110B using a single-sided process, resulting in lower overall process costs and higher yield rates.

[0020] In this embodiment, the light-transmitting antenna 100 further includes an electromagnetic wave reflector 140, which is stacked and spaced apart from the substrate 110. That is, the electromagnetic wave reflector 140 and the substrate 110 are stacked together but spaced apart from each other. The electromagnetic wave reflector 140, which has electromagnetic wave reflection and shielding functions, can enhance the antenna's directivity and isolate it from environmental influences. In this embodiment, the light-transmitting antenna 100 has an operating wavelength. The distance D10 between the electromagnetic wave reflector 140 and the substrate 110 is, for example, between 0.25 and 2 times the operating wavelength. For example, the distance D10 between the electromagnetic wave reflector 140 and the substrate 110 can be 3 centimeters.

[0021] In this embodiment, the second conductive pattern 130 is located between the first conductive pattern 120 and the electromagnetic wave reflector 140 . However, in other embodiments, the first conductive pattern 120 may be located between the second conductive pattern 130 and the electromagnetic wave reflector 140 .

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the first conductive pattern 120 of the light-transmitting antenna 100. Figure 2In this embodiment, the first radiating element 120B and the second radiating element 120C are trapezoidal in shape. Alternatively, the first coupling element 120D and the second coupling element 120F may also be trapezoidal in shape. In this embodiment, the two base angles of the trapezoidal shapes of these radiating elements are not equal, but the present invention is not limited to this. The first radiating element 120B and the first coupling element 120D are not connected, and the second radiating element 120C and the second coupling element 120F are not connected. The first radiating element 120B is located between the second radiating element 120C and the first coupling element 120D. The second radiating element 120C is located between the first radiating element 120B and the second coupling element 120F.

[0023] In this embodiment, the shapes of the first radiating element 120B and the second radiating element 120C are linearly symmetrical patterns, with the boundary line L10 between them serving as the line of symmetry. In this embodiment, although the shape of the first radiating element 120B is not completely linearly symmetrical with the shape of the second radiating element 120C, as the second radiating element 120C has a small notch in the middle, they are still substantially linearly symmetrical. In this embodiment, the shapes of the first coupling element 120D and the second coupling element 120F are linearly symmetrical patterns, with the boundary line L10 between them serving as the line of symmetry. Similarly, the shapes of the first coupling element 120D and the second coupling element 120F do not need to be completely linearly symmetrical; they may simply be substantially linearly symmetrical. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the shapes of the first radiating element 120B and the first coupling element 120D are substantially identical, but the present invention is not limited to this.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first conductive pattern 120 further includes a third parasitic unit 120G connected to the first coupling unit 120D. The other side of the first parasitic unit 120E is adjacent to the first coupling unit 120D and the third parasitic unit 120G.

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the second conductive pattern 130 of the light-transmitting antenna 100. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the third coupling element 130B and the fourth coupling element 130D are trapezoidal. In this embodiment, the two base angles of the trapezoids of these radiating elements are unequal, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the second conductive pattern 130 further includes a fourth parasitic element 130E. The fourth parasitic element 130E is connected to the third coupling element 130B. The other side of the second parasitic element 130C is adjacent to the third coupling element 130B and the fourth parasitic element 130E. The orthographic projection of the fourth parasitic element 130E on the first surface 112 overlaps the third parasitic element 120G.

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the conductive area 142 of the electromagnetic wave reflector 140 of the light-transmitting antenna. Figure 1 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the electromagnetic wave reflector 140 has a conductive area 142. The orthographic projections of the second conductive pattern 130 and the first conductive pattern 120 on the electromagnetic wave reflector 140 all fall within the conductive area 142. Of course, the edge portions of the first feeding unit 120A and the second feeding unit 130A may not fall within the conductive area 142.

[0027] by Figure 1 and Figure 2 The following data was obtained after simulation of the light-transmitting antenna 100. The dimensions of the three substrates are all 100 mm × 100 mm, the thickness of the conductive pattern is 0.7 mm, the distance between the electromagnetic wave reflector 140 and the substrate 110 is 3 cm, the length of the side of the second feeder unit 130A close to the fourth coupling unit 130D is 51 mm, and the length of the side of the second feeder unit 130A close to the third coupling unit 130B is 25 mm. The front-to-back ratios of the transparent antenna 100 at 1.8 GHz, 2.1 GHz, and 3.5 GHz are 21.9 dB, 52.07 dB, and 3330.4 dB, respectively. The peak gains of the transparent antenna 100 in the XZ and YZ planes at 1.8 GHz are 7.92 dB and 7.96 dB, respectively. At 2.1 GHz, the peak gains of the transparent antenna 100 in the XZ and YZ planes are 7.15 dB and 7.2 dB, respectively. At 3.5 GHz, the peak gains of the transparent antenna 100 in the XZ and YZ planes are 6.28 dB and 8.13 dB, respectively. The usable frequency of the transparent antenna 100 near 1.8 GHz ranges from 1.6 GHz to 2.2 GHz, resulting in a 32% antenna bandwidth, indicating wideband characteristics. The usable frequency of the light-transmitting antenna 100 near 3.5 GHz is between 1.2 GHz and 4.4 GHz, and the antenna bandwidth is converted to 32%, which means that the antenna has a broadband characteristic.

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the first conductive pattern of the light-transmitting antenna. Figure 1 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the first conductive pattern 120 and the second conductive pattern 130 are mesh metals. Figure 1Within the scope of the first conductive pattern 120 and the second conductive pattern 130, as seen in the magnified state, it can be seen that they are composed of a mesh metal. Therefore, light can pass through the mesh of the mesh metal, making the first conductive pattern 120 and the second conductive pattern 130 transparent. In this embodiment, the mesh metal has a line width W12 and a mesh width W14. Considering light transmittance, the line width W12 is, for example, between 0.05 and 0.1 times the mesh width W14. In addition, if the process is feasible, the mesh of the first conductive pattern 120 and the second conductive pattern 130 can be made to overlap as completely as possible to improve light transmittance.

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional diagram of the first conductive pattern 120 of the light-transmitting antenna. Figure 6 In this embodiment, the light-transmitting antenna 100 further includes a protective layer 160 covering the first conductive pattern 120 and the second conductive pattern 130. The protective layer 160 can protect the first conductive pattern 120 and the second conductive pattern 130. In addition, by appropriately selecting the material of the protective layer 160, the refractive index matching function can be exerted to improve the light transmittance of the light-transmitting antenna 100. Furthermore, the protective layer 160 can also be conductive to reduce the overall impedance of the first conductive pattern 120 and the second conductive pattern 130, thereby improving the efficiency of signal transmission. When the protective layer 160 is conductive, the protective layer 160 does not cover the entire first surface 112 and the second surface 114. The area covered by the protective layer 160 is roughly equal to the area where the first conductive pattern 120 is distributed and the area where the second conductive pattern 130 is distributed, so as to avoid changing the appearance of the radiation unit and affecting the transmission and reception of signals.

[0030] Figure 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a light-transmitting antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 The sizes and proportions of the components in the diagram have been adjusted for convenience only and are not the actual sizes and proportions. Figure 7 The light-transmitting antenna 200 of this embodiment is roughly the same as Figure 1 The light-transmitting antenna 200 of the present embodiment is the same as the light-transmitting antenna 100, and only the differences between the two are described here. The substrate 210 of this embodiment further includes an optical adhesive layer 270, which is disposed between the first substrate 110A and the second substrate 110B. The optical adhesive layer 270 can improve the accuracy of the alignment of the first conductive pattern 120 and the second conductive pattern 130. In addition, selecting a material with an appropriate refractive index as the optical adhesive layer 270 can also improve the light transmittance of the substrate 210. The light-transmitting antenna 200 of this embodiment may further include an outer frame 280 for fixing the electromagnetic wave reflecting plate 140, the first substrate 110A and the second substrate 110B.

[0031] Figure 8FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of a light-transmitting antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 The sizes and proportions of the components in the diagram have been adjusted for convenience only and are not the actual sizes and proportions. Figure 8 The light-transmitting antenna 300 of this embodiment is roughly the same as Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention is similar to the light-transmitting antenna 100, except that the substrate 310 of this embodiment is a single substrate, not a combination of two or more substrates. Therefore, the light-transmitting antenna 300 has better light transmittance.

[0032] In summary, the light-transmitting antenna of the present invention can be installed indoors to reduce cable signal loss, and also has the characteristics of full-plane current, multi-frequency, narrow beam, and high gain.

[0033] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A light-transmitting antenna, characterized in that: include: A substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; a first conductive pattern, disposed on the first surface, and comprising a first feeding unit, a first radiating unit, a first coupling unit, a first parasitic unit, a second radiating unit, and a second coupling unit, wherein the first feeding unit is connected to the second radiating unit, the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit are located between the first coupling unit and the second coupling unit, one side of the first parasitic unit is connected to the second coupling unit, and the other side of the first parasitic unit is adjacent to the first coupling unit; as well as The second conductive pattern is configured on the second surface and includes a second feeding unit, a third coupling unit, a second parasitic unit and a fourth coupling unit, wherein the orthographic projection of the second feeding unit on the first surface overlaps the first feeding unit, the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit, the orthographic projection of the third coupling unit on the first surface overlaps the first coupling unit, the orthographic projection of the fourth coupling unit on the first surface overlaps the second coupling unit, the orthographic projection of the second parasitic unit on the first surface overlaps the first parasitic unit, one side of the second parasitic unit is connected to the fourth coupling unit, and the other side of the second parasitic unit is adjacent to the third coupling unit.

2. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The invention further comprises an electromagnetic wave reflecting plate, which is stacked and spaced apart from the substrate.

3. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The second conductive pattern is located between the first conductive pattern and the electromagnetic wave reflecting plate.

4. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The electromagnetic wave reflection plate has a conductive area, and the orthographic projections of the second conductive pattern and the first conductive pattern on the electromagnetic wave reflection plate all fall on the conductive area.

5. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The light-transmitting antenna has an operating wavelength, and the distance between the electromagnetic wave reflecting plate and the substrate is between 0.25 times and 2 times of the operating wavelength.

6. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The substrate has no conductive vias.

7. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The system further includes a feed line, wherein the first feed line unit and the second feed line unit are respectively electrically connected to the feed line at the edge of the substrate.

8. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first radiation unit and the second radiation unit are trapezoidal in shape.

9. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first coupling unit, the second coupling unit, the third coupling unit, and the fourth coupling unit are trapezoidal in shape.

10. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first conductive pattern further has a third parasitic unit, and the second conductive pattern further has a fourth parasitic unit. The third parasitic unit is connected to the first coupling unit, and the fourth parasitic unit is connected to the third coupling unit. The other side of the first parasitic unit is adjacent to the first coupling unit and the third parasitic unit, and the other side of the second parasitic unit is adjacent to the third coupling unit and the fourth parasitic unit. The orthographic projection of the fourth parasitic unit on the first surface overlaps the third parasitic unit.

11. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The substrate includes a first substrate and a second substrate stacked on each other. The surface of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate is the first surface, and the surface of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate is the second surface.

12. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 11, wherein: The substrate further includes an optical adhesive layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

13. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The shape of the first radiation unit and the shape of the second radiation unit are line-symmetrical patterns with the boundary line between the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit as the symmetry line.

14. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The device further includes a protection layer covering the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern.

15. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern are mesh metals.

16. The light-transmitting antenna according to claim 15, wherein: The mesh metal has a line width and a mesh width, and the line width is between 0.05 times and 0.1 times of the mesh width.

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