A rice cultivation method that can effectively prevent basal rot disease

Abstract

The present invention has developed a rice cultivation method that can effectively prevent basal rot disease. By applying an antibacterial agent once during the paddy field cultivation process, the effect of preventing bacterial basal rot disease of rice throughout the entire life cycle of rice is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of paddy field cultivation, and specifically relates to a rice cultivation method that can effectively prevent bacterial foot rot disease. Background Art

[0002] Bacterial foot rot disease of rice mainly harms the root nodes and the basal parts of the stems of rice. Its symptoms are mainly manifested as water-soaked oval spots appearing on the leaf sheaths at the basal parts of the stems during the tillering stage of rice, gradually expanding into irregular large spots with brown edges and pale white in the middle. Peeling off the leaf sheaths reveals that the root nodes turn dark brown, and sometimes dark brown longitudinal stripes can be seen. The root nodes rot, accompanied by a foul smell, and the young leaves of the plant turn yellow and wither; during the jointing stage, the leaves turn yellow from bottom to top, the edges of the leaf sheaths near the water surface are brown, and there are gray long strip-shaped spots in the middle. The root nodes change color and are accompanied by a foul smell; during the heading stage, the diseased plants first wilt and turn blue, and then form sterile ears, white ears or semi-white ears. The root nodes change color and have short and few lateral roots, with a foul smell. The unique symptom of bacterial foot rot disease of rice is that the root nodes of the diseased plants turn brown or dark brown and rot.

[0003] The bacteria causing bacterial foot rot disease of rice can overwinter on diseased rice straw, diseased rice stumps and weeds. The bacteria invade through wounds on the roots and basal parts of the stems of rice and cause infection.

[0004] In the prior art, the main measures for preventing bacterial foot rot disease of rice include improving soil aeration, adopting a rotation method, changing to organic fertilizer or formula fertilizer, adopting antibiotics or fungicides, etc. Among them, since bacterial foot rot disease of rice is relatively susceptible throughout the entire life cycle of rice, the prevention and control with antibiotics or fungicides requires more than 2 times. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention has developed a rice cultivation method that can effectively prevent bacterial foot rot disease. By applying an antibacterial agent once during the paddy field cultivation process, the effect of preventing bacterial foot rot disease of rice throughout the entire life cycle of rice is achieved.

[0006] A rice cultivation method that can effectively prevent bacterial foot rot disease, and the specific steps of the rice cultivation method are as follows:

[0007] I. Preparation of the antibacterial agent

[0008] (1) Dissolve fungicide A in 90% ethanol to make a fungicide A solution with a mass fraction of 1% - 3%;

[0009] (2) Take diatomaceous earth 3 - 5 times the mass of the fungicide A solution, mix and adsorb the fungicide A solution to obtain drug-carrying diatomaceous earth;

[0010] (3) Dissolve 5%-10% by mass of PVA in the heated water. After dissolution is complete, cool it, mix it in a ratio of PVA solution:diatomite with medicine of 1-2:1-2, stir in a vacuum mixer until the system solidifies, take it out and crush it to obtain slow-release granules;

[0011] (4) Dissolve fungicide B in water with a volume 1000-2000 times that of fungicide B, and then add 1 / 3-1 / 2 by mass of the slow-release granules to obtain an antibacterial agent;

[0012] II. Paddy field tillage

[0013] (5) 2-3 days before tillage by agricultural machinery, sprinkle the antibacterial agent on the paddy field, and then irrigate;

[0014] (6) Use agricultural machinery for paddy field tillage, and the well-tilled paddy field can be prepared for transplanting and planting.

[0015] Further, the fungicide A is trichloroisocyanuric acid.

[0016] Further, the fungicide B is 30% metalaxyl - hymexazol.

[0017] Further, the particle size distribution of the slow-release granules is 0.5-2.5 mm.

[0018] Further, the preferred particle size of the slow-release granules is that the residue on a 1 mm sieve is 60%-70%, and the residue on a 2 mm sieve is 10%-20%.

[0019] Further, the application rate of the antibacterial agent per mu is 15-25 kg.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention:

[0021] 1. In the process of paddy field tillage of the present invention, by applying the antibacterial agent once, the effect of preventing bacterial foot rot of rice throughout the entire life cycle of rice is achieved;

[0022] 2. The present invention uses the fungicide B solution to disinfect the rice stumps and the surface soil. After tillage, the slow-release granules are mixed into the soil, and the slow-release granules are used for long-term slow release, so that the fungicide A can maintain the preventive effects of long-term disinfection and deep disinfection;

[0023] 3. By controlling the particle size of the slow-release granules, the small-particle-size slow-release granules take effect faster, and the large-particle-size slow-release granules take effect later, which is beneficial to the long-term effectiveness of the slow-release granules. Specific embodiments

[0024] Example 1

[0025] A rice tillage method that can effectively prevent foot rot disease, and the rice tillage method is specifically as follows:

[0026] I. Preparation of Antibacterial Agent

[0027] (1) Dissolve trichloroisocyanuric acid in 90% ethanol to prepare a trichloroisocyanuric acid solution with a mass fraction of 2%.

[0028] (2) Take diatomaceous earth with a mass 4 times that of the trichloroisocyanuric acid solution, mix and adsorb the trichloroisocyanuric acid solution to obtain medicated diatomaceous earth.

[0029] (3) Dissolve 8% PVA in heated water, cool after dissolution, mix at a mass ratio of PVA solution: medicated diatomaceous earth of 1:1, stir in a vacuum mixer until the system solidifies, take out and crush to obtain slow-release granules.

[0030] The measured particle size of the slow-release granules is 0.5 - 2.5 mm, with a sieve residue of 62% for 1 mm and 17% for 2 mm.

[0031] (4) Dissolve 30% metalaxyl - mancozeb in water with a volume 1500 times, and then add slow-release granules with a mass of 1 / 2 to obtain the antibacterial agent.

[0032] II. Paddy Field Cultivation

[0033] (5) Two days before agricultural machinery tillage, sprinkle the antibacterial agent on the paddy field, with an application rate of 20 kg per mu, and then irrigate.

[0034] (6) Use agricultural machinery for paddy field tillage, and the tilled paddy field is ready for transplanting and planting.

[0035] Comparative Example 1

[0036] Prepare the antibacterial agent by dissolving trichloroisocyanuric acid and 30% metalaxyl - mancozeb with the same dosage ratio as in Example 1 in water with a volume 1500 times, and carry out paddy field tillage with the same application rate and tillage method.

[0037] Test on 2 plots of paddy fields that had diseases in the previous year. Divide them equally and separate them with soil, and plant the same kind of rice corresponding to the above - mentioned example and comparative example respectively. Observe and record the following phenomena and data:

[0038]

[0039] It is found in actual production that directly spraying antibiotics or fungicides on the surface soil has a limited effective period, and at least 3 applications are required in plots with severe basal rot disease. At the same time, in plots with severe basal rot disease, strictly controlling the particle size of the slow - release granules so that its particle size has a wide distribution is effective, but in plots with very mild basal rot disease, the effect is difficult to directly obtain.

[0040] Finally, the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rice cultivation method that can effectively prevent basal rot disease, characterized in that: The specific method of rice cultivation is as follows: I. Preparation of antibacterial agent (1) Dissolve bactericide A in 90% ethanol to make a bactericide A solution with a mass fraction of 1%-3%; Bactericide A is trichloroisocyanuric acid; (2) Take diatomaceous earth 3-5 times the mass of the bactericide A solution, mix and adsorb the bactericide A solution to obtain medicated diatomaceous earth; (3) Dissolve 5%-10% of PVA in heated water, cool after dissolution, mix in a ratio of PVA solution: medicated diatomaceous earth mass ratio of 1-2:1-2, stir in a vacuum mixer until the system solidifies, take out and crush to obtain slow-release granules; The particle size distribution of the slow-release granules is 0.5-2.5 mm, the residue on a 1 mm sieve is 60%-70%, and the residue on a 2 mm sieve is 10%-20%; (4) Dissolve bactericide B in 1000-2000 times the volume of water, and then add 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the mass of the slow-release granules to obtain an antibacterial agent; Bactericide B is 30% metalaxyl-mancozeb; II. Paddy field cultivation (5) Sprinkle the antibacterial agent on the paddy field 2-3 days before agricultural machinery cultivation, and then irrigate with water; (6) Use agricultural machinery to cultivate the paddy field, and the cultivated paddy field is ready for transplanting and planting.

2. The rice cultivation method capable of effectively preventing basal rot disease according to claim 1, wherein: The application rate of the antibacterial agent per mu is 15-25 kg.

Images