An auxiliary tool and processing method for shape correction and hole processing of a profiled thin-walled part

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of auxiliary tool and processing method of profiled thin-walled parts shape and hole processing, belong to machining technical field, solve the technical problem of low overall efficiency when using existing shape device and clamping tool.The auxiliary tool includes bearing piece, pressure piece and part deformation variable compensation piece;Wherein, the outer surface of the bearing piece is adapted to the inner profile of the part;The inner profile of the pressure piece is adapted to the outer profile of the part;When part assembly, pressure piece, part deformation variable compensation piece, part and bearing piece are placed from top to bottom in turn, and the hole processing part of the part is completely exposed, the shape of the part is realized by pressure piece, part deformation variable compensation piece and bearing piece, and the part is clamped and fixed in the hole processing state.Micro-shape correction to thin-walled parts is realized, and hole processing can be realized during clamping, improving processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to an auxiliary tooling and processing method for shape correction and hole processing of thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces. Background Art

[0002] A high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plate used in aviation products features a hollow center. It is mounted on the exterior surface of aerospace components to guide airflow, directing it at a specific angle. This part, with its ultra-thin exterior walls, is typically produced using 3D printing. However, these printed parts often exhibit deformation on both sides, and there's a risk of crushing the part during five-axis hole machining.

[0003] like Figure 6 As shown, the existing shape correction device supports both sides of the part by bonding a support rod. This method can only change the size of the part's closing part, cannot guarantee the effective surface shape of the part, and may even cause greater deformation.

[0004] like Figure 7 As shown, during the current machining process, the fixtures used to clamp the high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plate typically use a pressure plate and a top block to secure the part. The top block secures the part's movement on the worktable surface, while the pressure plate presses the part against the worktable. Because each part deforms differently, the top block's support position needs to be adjusted based on the part. The pressure plate can exert excessive pressure, causing deformation of the part. Furthermore, due to stress concentration, even with copper pads at the sharp points, thin-walled parts can still be crushed.

[0005] In summary, when using existing shape correction devices and clamping fixtures, the overall efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide an auxiliary tooling and processing method for the shape correction and hole processing of special-shaped thin-walled parts, such as the formed parts of the high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plate. After the high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plate is formed, five-axis holes need to be processed at its specified position to solve the technical problem of low overall efficiency when using existing shape correction devices and clamping tooling.

[0007] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an auxiliary tooling for shape correction and hole processing of thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, including a bearing part, a pressing part and a part deformation compensation part;

[0008] The outer surface of the carrier is adapted to the inner surface of the part; the inner surface of the pressing part is adapted to the outer surface of the part;

[0009] When assembling parts, the clamping parts, part deformation compensation parts, parts and supporting parts are placed in sequence from top to bottom, and the hole processing parts of the parts are completely exposed. The clamping parts, part deformation compensation parts and supporting parts are used to realize the shape correction of the parts and the clamping and fixing of the parts in the hole processing state.

[0010] Based on the further improvement of the above auxiliary tooling, the part deformation compensation piece is a non-rigid body and can achieve telescopic deformation in its thickness direction.

[0011] Based on the further improvement of the above-mentioned auxiliary tooling, the conformal extrusion force of the pressing member is transmitted to the outer surface of the part through the part deformation compensation member to extrude, fix and correct the part.

[0012] Based on the further improvement of the above auxiliary tooling, the material of the part deformation compensation piece is sponge or rubber pad.

[0013] Based on the further improvement of the above auxiliary tooling, a gap is provided between the inner surface of the pressing member and the outer surface of the part, and the gap d satisfies:

[0014] d=0.8*H

[0015] Wherein, H is the thickness of the part deformation compensation piece, which is 2-3mm.

[0016] Based on the further improvement of the above auxiliary tooling, the maximum deformation variable A of the part deformation compensation component satisfies:

[0017] A=H*k

[0018] 0.8<(1-k)*H<1.4

[0019] Among them, H is the part deformation compensation part, which is 2-3mm;

[0020] k is the maximum compression ratio of the part deformation compensation component.

[0021] Based on the further improvement of the above auxiliary tooling, two bosses are provided on the outer surface of the carrier to support and position the parts and the pressing parts.

[0022] Based on the further improvement of the above auxiliary tooling, the boss includes a bearing surface and a mating surface, and the bearing surface abuts against the end surface of the part to support and position the part;

[0023] The matching surface is an arc surface that matches the end of the inner surface of the part. When the pressing member squeezes the part to perform fine-tuning, the end of the inner surface of the part abuts against the matching surface.

[0024] Based on the further improvement of the above auxiliary tooling, the boss further includes a pressing surface. When clamping the parts, the pressing surface fits against the pressing piece to support and position the pressing piece.

[0025] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for processing a thin-walled part with a special-shaped surface, comprising clamping the part using the auxiliary device described above;

[0026] Among them, the auxiliary tooling for clamping the parts is placed on the machine tool to process the five-axis holes of the parts.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention extrude the inner and outer surfaces of the parts through the clamping parts, the part deformation compensating parts and the supporting parts, and can perform follow-up correction on the parts with slightly deformed outer surfaces, and can clamp and fix the parts during or after the correction process. It can realize the simultaneous or immediate processing of the five-axis hole of the part under the clamping and fixation of the clamping parts, the part deformation compensating parts and the supporting parts. On the one hand, it can reduce the probability of the parts being damaged due to clamping, and on the other hand, it can avoid the parts being deformed and / or damaged again due to unloading the parts and then reloading the fixture, while improving the overall production efficiency.

[0029] 2. The present invention utilizes bearing parts, pressing parts and part deformation compensation parts to achieve clamping and fixing of parts, which is convenient for alignment processing. Compared with the clamping alignment, it not only overcomes the problem of easy deformation of parts, but also reduces the alignment time from more than 60 minutes to less than 5 minutes, and the alignment efficiency is improved by more than 12 times.

[0030] 3. The inner and outer surfaces of the part deformation compensator respectively fit the outer surface of the part and the inner surface of the pressing part. The part deformation compensator is deformed by force in its thickness direction, which can not only achieve extrusion buffering of the part to protect the part, but also compensate for the deformation of the part's outer surface in the thickness direction of the part deformation compensator, giving the part's outer surface deformation space to adapt to parts of different sizes.

[0031] 4. The compensating part for part deformation transfers the clamping force generated by the inner surface of the clamping part to the outer surface of the part, so as to extrude the outer surface of the part in accordance with the shape. In this way, parts with slightly deformed outer surfaces can be corrected in accordance with the shape.

[0032] 5. The two side surfaces of the carrier of the present invention are vertical surfaces. During processing, the two side surfaces of the carrier are used as processing reference surfaces, and the processing position can be quickly located. Therefore, it is only necessary to align the carrier on the machine tool, which reduces the clamping and alignment time and is not restricted by the site.

[0033] 6. For parts with large deformation of the inner surface and small deformation of the outer surface, only the bearing parts need to be replaced; for parts with slight deformation of the inner surface and small deformation of the outer surface, there is no need to replace the bearing parts and the clamping parts. In this way, frequent design and replacement of clamping parts and bearing parts are avoided, and the overall processing efficiency is improved.

[0034] 7. The clamping fixture can be used to inspect the part surface to reduce machining deformation, ensure the integrity and processing accuracy of the parts, greatly improve production efficiency, and is suitable for parts with special-shaped surfaces and thin walls.

[0035] 8. Through the squeezing of the parts by the clamping parts, the bearing parts play a micro-correction role on the inner surface of the parts. The part deformation compensation parts can adapt to the deformation of the outer surface of the parts, thereby avoiding the deformation caused by the parts processing process, resulting in the matching clamping parts and parts no longer being compatible, thereby avoiding damage to the parts and reducing the impact of the part processing error on the clamping process.

[0036] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be learned through practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like parts throughout the drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the coordination structure of the pressing member, parts, bearing member and rubber pad in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing member in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the parts structure in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing member in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the rubber pad structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parts correction device in the prior art;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping device for parts in the prior art.

[0045] Reference numerals:

[0046] 1- Clamping part; 101-Fixing surface; 102-Threaded through hole; 2-Bearing part; 201-Boss; 2011-Bearing surface; 2012-Mating surface; 2013-Clamping surface; 202-Threaded hole; 203-Machining reference surface; 3-Rubber pad; 4-Part; 401-Position of the five-axis hole to be processed; 5-Bolt; 6-Pressing plate; 7-Support rod; 8-Workbench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0048] Parts protection is an essential part of all product machining processes and is crucial to the subsequent use of the product. Because the parts are thin-walled parts, once they are crushed, it will affect the performance of the parts. Severe crushing may even make the parts unusable, affecting the product delivery cycle.

[0049] A component used in aviation products is a high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover with a hollow center. It is designed to be mounted on the outer surface of an aerospace device to guide airflow, directing it through the surface at a specific angle. This part has an ultra-thin wall thickness of only 0.4mm and a length of 370mm. 3D printing is commonly used to produce this part, creating a spatially structured part with a lattice structure to achieve airflow guidance. However, most printed parts exhibit deformation on both sides, and there is a risk of crushing the part during five-axis hole machining.

[0050] Among them, bolts are used to fix the parts on the aerospace devices at the five-axis hole positions. Since most of the surfaces of aerospace devices are special-shaped surfaces, when the parts are installed on the aerospace devices, the five-axis holes have a certain angle within the spatial range. The parts cannot be simply machined in one direction by a drill bit. The hole machining is limited by the structure of the parts themselves, which increases the difficulty of machining and requires higher clamping of the parts.

[0051] In addition, it is generally necessary to process the front and rear end faces and 9 five-axis holes of the part, that is, after the front and rear surface processing of the part is completed, the 9 five-axis holes of the part are processed. However, it is difficult to process the holes of the part, and the single-side allowance is only 1mm. Once a deviation occurs, it will cause hole leakage. Therefore, when processing the holes, it is necessary to use processing tooling to clamp the parts. However, due to the ultra-thin wall thickness of the part and the high surface requirements of the part, the surface requirement is ±0.3mm, the traditional clamping method will cause pressure damage to the outer surface of the part.

[0052] However, existing shaping devices cannot be used during hole machining, requiring a separate fixture to clamp the part, which affects overall production efficiency. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of hole machining for high-temperature alloy fairing dimensional cover plates, it is urgent to find a device that can perform micro-shaping on thin-walled parts and complete hole machining during the clamping process.

[0053] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an auxiliary tooling for shape correction and hole processing of thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, including a bearing part 2, a pressing part 1 and a deformation compensation part;

[0054] The outer surface of the carrier 2 is adapted to the inner surface of the component 4; the inner surface of the pressing component 1 is adapted to the outer surface of the component 4;

[0055] When assembling parts, the clamping part 1, the part deformation compensation part, the part 4 and the supporting part 2 are placed in sequence from top to bottom, and the hole processing part of the part 4 is completely exposed. The clamping part 1, the part deformation compensation part and the supporting part 2 are used to realize the shape correction of the part 4 and the clamping and fixing of the part in the hole processing state.

[0056] The part deformation compensation member is a non-rigid body and can realize telescopic deformation in the thickness direction, so as to prevent the pressing member 1 from directly pressing the part 4 onto the carrier 2 and damaging the part 4 .

[0057] That is to say, when the part deformation compensation part is subjected to pressure, it will expand and contract and deform, giving the outer surface of part 4 a certain placement space in the space covered by the part deformation compensation part, and cooperating with the clamping part 1, it can achieve extrusion and fixation of part 4.

[0058] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the part deformation compensator is made of sponge or rubber pad with a thickness of 2-3mm. Its inner and outer surfaces are regular surfaces, that is, planes, and are used to be placed between the clamping member 1 and the part 4. When clamped, the outer surface of the part deformation compensator contacts the clamping member 1 and is squeezed by the clamping member 1, and its inner surface is fitted on the outer surface of the part 4 under the action of the clamping member 1. In this process, the irregular end faces of the outer surface of the part 4 and the inner surface of the clamping member 1 jointly squeeze the part deformation compensator to deform it. At this time, the part deformation compensator is compressed and shaped.

[0059] Among them, in case the outer surface of part 4 is deformed, the deformation of part 4 is compensated by using the part deformation compensation part, giving the outer surface of part 4 a certain deformation space, and cooperating with the clamping part 1, micro-adjustment of the part can be achieved.

[0060] That is to say, when the outer surface of part 4 is deformed, the outer surface of part 4 does not match the inner surface of the clamping part 1, and there is a risk of crushing part 4. At this time, the part deformation compensation part placed between the clamping part 1 and part 4 is used to compensate for the deformation of the part.

[0061] Among them, a gap is provided between the clamping member 1 and the part 4 for placing the part deformation compensation member. For example, the gap between the clamping member 1 and the part 4 is 1-3 mm. The deformed part of the outer surface of the part 4 squeezes the part deformation compensation member, so that the part deformation compensation member expands and contracts in the thickness direction, that is, in the space covered by the part deformation compensation member, a certain deformation space is given to the outer surface of the part 4. At this time, the clamping member 1 can still achieve the extrusion and fixation of the part 4, that is, the conformal extrusion force of the clamping member 1 is transmitted to the outer surface of the part 4 through the part deformation compensation member, thereby achieving the extrusion, fixation and correction of the part 4.

[0062] Among them, the inner surface of the clamping part 1 is a conformal structure of the outer surface of the part 4. Therefore, the clamping part 1 squeezes the part deformation compensation part, and the clamping force is transmitted to the surface of the part 4. In cooperation with the supporting part 2, the micro-correction of the part 4 is achieved.

[0063] In a possible embodiment, the part deformation compensation member is a rubber pad 3, for example, Figure 5 As shown, the rubber pad 3 is cut from aviation rubber sheet and has a compression ratio of 45%. That is to say, for a rubber pad 3 with a thickness of 2-3 mm, its maximum deformation in the thickness direction is 0.9-1.35 mm, that is, the maximum deformation compensation of the rubber pad 3 for the part 4 in its thickness direction is 0.9-1.35 mm. At this time, the thickness of the rubber pad 3 is 1.1-1.75 mm, so that while buffering the clamping force, it can transfer the clamping force generated by the inner surface of the clamping member 1 to the outer surface of the part 4.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the present invention extrude the inner and outer surfaces of the part 4 through the clamping member 1, the part deformation compensator and the supporting member 2, and can perform follow-up correction on the part 4 with slightly deformed outer surface, and can achieve clamping and fixing of the part 4 during or after the correction process, and can achieve synchronous or immediate processing of the five-axis hole of the part 4 under the clamping and fixing of the clamping member 1, the part deformation compensator and the supporting member 2. On the one hand, it can reduce the probability of the part 4 being damaged due to clamping, and on the other hand, it can avoid the part being deformed and / or damaged again due to unloading the part 4 and then reloading the fixture, while improving the overall production efficiency.

[0065] Among them, the clamping part 1, the part deformation compensation part, the part 4 and the supporting part 2 are assembled in sequence in the vertical direction, with the convex surface of the arc-shaped surface of the part 4 facing upward; the upper end surfaces of the clamping part 1, the part deformation compensation part, the part 4 and the supporting part 2 are respectively their outer surfaces, and the lower end surfaces of the clamping part 1, the part deformation compensation part, the part 4 and the supporting part 2 are respectively their inner surfaces.

[0066] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bearing member 2 serves as the bearing end, and its outer surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the inner surface of the part 4, and two flat segments that fit with the end of the clamping member 1, so as to support the part 4, the part deformation compensation member and the clamping member 1.

[0067] Furthermore, in the length direction of the arc surface of the arc-like segment, two plane segments are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the arc-like segment, so as to facilitate fastening the pressing member 1 to the supporting member 2.

[0068] Furthermore, machining reference surfaces 203 are provided on both sides of the carrier 2 so that the machining references can be transferred to the carrier 2 when machining the holes of the part 4, thereby improving the alignment efficiency.

[0069] Specifically, the inner and outer surfaces of the carrier 2 are distributed upward and downward, and the two side surfaces perpendicular to the inner and outer surfaces are used as processing reference surfaces 203 to improve the efficiency of aligning the part 4.

[0070] When the carrier 2 is placed vertically, the two machining reference surfaces 203 are vertical surfaces.

[0071] Furthermore, a boss 201 is provided at two plane sections of the carrier 2 to support and position the part 4 and the pressing member 1 .

[0072] Furthermore, the boss 201 includes a bearing surface 2011 and a mating surface 2012, the bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012 intersect, and the angle between the bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012 is an acute angle, so as to achieve support and positioning of the part 4 and overcome the influence of uneven stress distribution inside the part 4.

[0073] Specifically, after part 4 is placed on the carrier 2, the carrier surface 2011 abuts against the end face of part 4 to support and position part 4, and the mating surface 2012 is an arc surface that matches with the end of the inner surface of part 4. In this way, when the clamping member 1 extrudes part 4 for fine-tuning, the end of the inner surface of part 4 abuts against the mating surface 2012, and the arc surface of the mating surface is used to reduce the influence of the extrusion force on the internal stress distribution of part 4, thereby reducing the risk of damage to part 4.

[0074] Among them, due to the uneven mass distribution of part 4 itself, the internal stress distribution of part 4 is uneven, resulting in the risk of deformation of the arc-shaped part 4. Therefore, when the clamping part 1 squeezes the part 4 for fine-tuning, the bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012 are used to support and position the part 4, overcoming the influence of the uneven internal stress distribution of part 4.

[0075] Among them, the end of the inner surface of part 4 is an arc-like shape, and when assembled, it fits with the mating surface 2012.

[0076] Furthermore, the boss 201 further includes a pressing surface 2013 . During assembly, the pressing surface 2013 fits against the pressing member 1 to support and position the pressing member 1 .

[0077] The pressing surface 2013 intersects with the bearing surface 2011 and the matching surface 2012 respectively.

[0078] Furthermore, when the part 4 is attached to the outer surface of the carrier 2 , the outer surface of the carrier 2 avoids the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be machined in the width direction to avoid affecting the machining of the five-axis hole.

[0079] Specifically, such as Figure 3-4 As shown, the clamping member 1 serves as a fastening end, and its inner surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the outer surface of the part 4, and a fixing surface 101 that fits respectively with the two clamping surfaces of the carrier 2. During assembly, the conforming extrusion force is transmitted to the outer surface of the part 4 through the rubber pad 3 to fasten and fine-tune the part 4.

[0080] Furthermore, threaded through holes 102 are respectively provided on the two fixing surfaces 101 of the clamping member 1, and corresponding threaded holes 203 are opened on the clamping surface 2013 of the carrier 2. During assembly, the central axes of the threaded through holes 102 and the threaded holes 203 coincide to achieve positioning of the clamping member 1.

[0081] Among them, the central axis of the threaded through hole 102 is perpendicular to the fixing surface 101. At the outer surface of the clamping member 1, corresponding to the position of the fixing surface 101, the outer surface at this position is parallel to the fixing surface 101. During assembly, the clamping member 1 and the supporting member 2 are fastened together by the cooperation of the bolts with the threaded through hole 102 and the threaded hole 203.

[0082] Furthermore, when the pressing member 1 is pressed against the outer surface of the part 4 , the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed is avoided in the width direction of the pressing member 1 to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0083] Furthermore, after the pressing member 1 and the part 4 are placed on the carrier 2 , a gap is provided between the pressing member 1 and the part 4 for placing the part deformation compensation member.

[0084] The gap d between the inner surface of the pressing member 1 and the outer surface of the part 4 satisfies:

[0085] d=0.8*H

[0086] Where H is the thickness of the part deformation compensation piece.

[0087] Exemplarily, H is 2-3 mm, in which case d is 1.6-2.4 mm.

[0088] In this way, when part 4 is not deformed, the part deformation compensation part is compressed in its thickness direction to transfer the extrusion force of the inner surface of the clamping part 1 to the outer surface of the part 4, thereby achieving extrusion positioning of the part 4.

[0089] Specifically, the part deformation compensation part is placed between the part 4 and the clamping part 1. The part deformation compensation part expands and contracts in the thickness direction to give the outer surface of the part 4 sufficient deformation space, and at the same time can transmit the clamping force of the clamping part 1 to achieve micro-correction of the part 4.

[0090] Among them, the thickness of the part deformation compensation member is selected to meet the following requirements: when clamping part 4, when part 4 is not deformed, the part deformation compensation member can transfer the extrusion pressure of the inner surface of the clamping member 1 to the outer surface of the part 4 along the shape, so as to avoid the fact that the clamping force transmitted by the inner surface of the clamping member 1 cannot be transferred to the outer end face of the part 4 along the shape due to the part deformation compensation member being too thick, thereby affecting the fixing effect of the part 4; it is also used to avoid the fact that the thickness of the part deformation compensation member is too small, thereby affecting the buffering effect on the part 4 and failing to provide the outer surface of the part 4 with sufficient deformation space.

[0091] Among them, the maximum deformation variable A of the part deformation compensation part satisfies:

[0092] A=H*k

[0093] 0.8<(1-k)*H<1.4

[0094] Wherein, H is the thickness of the compensation part for part deformation;

[0095] k is the maximum compression ratio of the part deformation compensation component.

[0096] For example, H is 2 mm, in which case k is 0.3-0.6 and A is 0.6-1.2 mm.

[0097] Thus, when the part 4 is clamped, the outer surface of the part 4 is deformed and the deformation of the part deformation compensator is at its maximum value. At this time, the deformation of the part 4 is the same as the maximum deformation of the part deformation compensator. That is, the maximum deformation space that the part deformation compensator can provide to the outer surface of the part 4 is the same as the deformation of the outer surface of the part 4.

[0098] Furthermore, the thickness of the part deformation compensation member after compression can not only satisfy the requirement of transmitting the pressing force of the inner surface of the pressing member 1 to the outer surface of the part 4, but also meet the buffering requirement of the outer surface of the part 4 to avoid crushing the part 4, and at the same time correct the deformed outer surface of the part 4;

[0099] Furthermore, by extruding the outer surface of the part 4 , the slightly deformed inner surface of the part 4 can be pressed onto the outer surface of the carrier 2 , thereby achieving correction of the inner surface of the part 4 .

[0100] Furthermore, the width of the part deformation compensation part is greater than the width of the clamping part 1, and when the part deformation compensation part is pressed on the outer surface of the part 4, the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed is avoided in the width direction of the part deformation compensation part to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0101] Exemplarily, the width of the part deformation compensating member is 2-4 mm greater than the width of the pressing member 1 .

[0102] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for processing thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, which includes processing the parts using the above-mentioned auxiliary tooling.

[0103] Specifically, the part 4 is first placed on the carrier 2, and then the part deformation compensation part and the pressing part 1 are placed in sequence, and the pressing part 1 is fastened to the carrier 2 by bolts.

[0104] Among them, after the inner and outer surfaces of part 4 are machined, the five-axis hole on part 4 is machined. When machining the five-axis hole, the part 4 is clamped using the supporting part 2, the clamping part 1 and the part deformation compensation part to facilitate machining.

[0105] Among them, when the part deformation compensation part is not placed, there is a gap between the outer surface of the part 4 and the inner surface of the clamping part 1. When the part deformation compensation part is placed, theoretically, the inner and outer surfaces of the part deformation compensation part are respectively fitted with the outer surface of the part 4 and the inner surface of the clamping part 1. At this time, the part deformation compensation part is extruded by the clamping part 1, and its inner and outer surfaces are conformal structures.

[0106] Generally, the outer surface of part 4 printed by 3D printing may be deformed. For parts whose outer surface meets the surface requirement of ±0.8mm, the part deformation compensation part will transfer the clamping force generated by the inner surface of the clamping part 1 to the outer surface of part 4, thereby achieving conformal correction of part 4.

[0107] Among them, for the part 4 whose outer surface meets the surface requirement of ±0.3mm and is slightly deformed, or for different parts, the outer surface deformation of the part 4 is not large, the part deformation compensation part is used to compensate for the outer surface deformation value of the part 4 by expanding and contracting in the thickness direction, so that the same clamping part 1 can be used to clamp and fix multiple different parts 4.

[0108] Among them, for part 4 whose inner surface deformation is large and whose outer surface deformation is small, only the carrier 2 needs to be replaced; for part 4 whose inner surface deformation is slight and whose outer surface deformation is micro-deformed, there is no need to replace the carrier 2 and the clamping part 1, thereby avoiding frequent design and replacement of the clamping part 1 and the carrier 2 and improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0109] Among them, the surface deformation of ±0.3mm is slight deformation, and the surface deformation of ±0.8mm is micro deformation.

[0110] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention utilizes the supporting part 2, the clamping part 1 and the part deformation compensation part to realize the clamping and fixing of the part 4, which is convenient for alignment processing. Compared with the clamping alignment, it not only overcomes the problem of easy deformation of the part, but also reduces the alignment time from more than 60 minutes to less than 5 minutes, and the alignment efficiency is increased by more than 12 times.

[0111] The inner and outer surfaces of the part deformation compensator respectively fit the outer surface of part 4 and the inner surface of the clamping part 1. The part deformation compensator is deformed by force in its thickness direction, which can not only achieve extrusion buffering of part 4 to protect part 4, but also provide deformation compensation for the part's outer surface in the thickness direction of the part deformation compensator, giving the part's outer surface deformation space to adapt to parts 4 of different sizes.

[0112] The pressing force generated by the inner surface of the pressing part 1 is transferred to the outer surface of the part 4 through the part deformation compensation part, so as to extrude the outer surface of the part 4 in accordance with the shape. In this way, the part 4 with a slightly deformed outer surface can be corrected in accordance with the shape.

[0113] During processing, the two side surfaces of the carrier 2 are used as the processing reference surfaces 203 to quickly locate the processing position. Therefore, it is only necessary to align the carrier 2 on the machine tool, which reduces the clamping and alignment time and is not restricted by the site.

[0114] For part 4 whose inner surface deformation is large and whose outer surface deformation is small, only the carrier 2 needs to be replaced; for part 4 whose inner surface deformation is slight and whose outer surface deformation is micro-deformed, there is no need to replace the carrier 2 and the clamping part 1. In this way, frequent design and replacement of the clamping part 1 and the carrier 2 are avoided, thereby improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0115] By squeezing the part 4 by the clamping member 1, the supporting member 2 plays a micro-correction role on the inner surface of the part 4. The part deformation compensation member can adapt to the deformation of the outer surface of the part 4, thereby avoiding the deformation caused by the processing of the part 4, which causes the matching clamping member 1 and the part 4 to no longer be compatible, thereby avoiding damage to the part 4 and reducing the impact of the processing error of the part 4 on the clamping process.

[0116] Example 1

[0117] An auxiliary tool for shape correction and hole processing of thin-walled parts with special profiles, comprising a bearing part 2, a pressing part 1 and a rubber pad 3;

[0118] When assembling the parts, the clamping part 1, rubber pad 3, part 4 and carrier 2 are placed in sequence from top to bottom, and the hole processing part of part 4 is completely exposed. The convex surface of the arc-shaped surface of part 4 is facing upward, and the clamping part 1, rubber pad 3 and carrier 2 are used to realize the shape correction of part 4 and the clamping and fixing of the part in the hole processing state.

[0119] Specifically, the bearing member 2 serves as the bearing end, and its outer surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the inner surface of the part 4, and two planar segments that fit with the end of the clamping member 1; wherein, in the arc-like segment's arc surface length direction, the two planar segments are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the arc-like segment, so as to facilitate fastening the clamping member 1 to the bearing member 2.

[0120] Among them, processing reference surfaces 203 are provided on both sides of the carrier 2 to transfer the processing reference to the carrier 2 when the part hole is processed; specifically, the inner and outer surfaces of the carrier 2 are distributed up and down, and the two side surfaces perpendicular to the inner and outer surfaces are used as processing reference surfaces 203 to improve the efficiency of aligning the part 4.

[0121] When the carrier 2 is placed vertically, the two machining reference surfaces 203 are vertical surfaces.

[0122] A boss 201 is provided at each of the two planar sections of the carrier 2 to support and position the component 4 and the pressing member 1. Specifically, the boss 201 includes a bearing surface 2011 and a mating surface 2012. The bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012 intersect at an acute angle.

[0123] Among them, after part 4 is placed on the carrier 1, the bearing surface 2011 abuts against the end face of part 4, which is used to support and position part 4. The mating surface 2012 is an arc surface that cooperates with the end of the inner surface of part 4. In this way, when the clamping part 1 squeezes part 4 for fine-tuning, the end of the inner surface of part 4 squeezes the mating surface 2012.

[0124] The boss 201 further includes a pressing surface 2013, which intersects the bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012. During assembly, the pressing surface 2013 fits against the pressing member 1 to support and position the pressing member 1.

[0125] When the part 4 is attached to the outer surface of the carrier 2 , the outer surface of the carrier 2 avoids the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be machined in the width direction to avoid affecting the machining of the five-axis hole.

[0126] Among them, the inner surface of the carrier 2 is flat and is used for installation on the machine tool. The outer surface of the carrier 2 is located above the inner surface and is used to carry the part 4. After clamping the part 4, the outer surface of the part 4 is used as the surface where the initial processing point is located to facilitate the processing of the five-axis hole of the part 4.

[0127] Specifically, the clamping part 1 serves as the fastening end, and its inner surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the outer surface of the part, and a fixing surface 101 that is respectively fitted with two clamping surfaces of the support part 2. During assembly, the conforming extrusion force is transmitted to the outer surface of the part 4 through the rubber pad 3 to fasten and fine-tune the part 4.

[0128] Among them, threaded through holes 102 are respectively provided on the two fixing surfaces of the clamping member 1, and corresponding threaded holes 202 are opened on the clamping surface of the carrier 2. During assembly, the central axes of the threaded through holes 102 and the threaded holes 202 coincide to achieve positioning of the clamping member 1.

[0129] Among them, the central axis of the threaded through hole 102 is perpendicular to the fixing surface 101. At the outer surface of the clamping member 1, corresponding to the position of the fixing surface 101, the outer surface at this position is parallel to the fixing surface 101. During assembly, the clamping member 1 and the supporting member 2 are fastened together by the cooperation of the bolts with the threaded through hole 102 and the threaded hole 202.

[0130] When the pressing member 1 is pressed against the outer surface of the part 4 , the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed is avoided in the width direction of the pressing member 1 to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0131] A rubber pad 3 is provided between the bearing member 2 and the pressing member 1 . During installation, the rubber pad 3 is located between the pressing member 1 and the component 4 .

[0132] Specifically, the gap d between the clamping member 1 and the part 4 is 1.6 mm, the thickness H of the rubber pad 2 is 2 mm, and its inner and outer surfaces are regular surfaces, that is, planes, which are used to be placed between the clamping member 1 and the part 4. When clamped, the outer surface of the rubber pad 3 contacts the clamping member 1 and is squeezed by the clamping member 1, and its inner surface is fitted on the outer surface of the part 4 under the action of the squeezing of the clamping member 1. In this process, the irregular end faces of the outer surface of the part 4 and the inner surface of the clamping member 1 squeeze the rubber pad 3, causing it to deform. At this time, the rubber pad 3 is compressed and shaped.

[0133] Among them, the rubber pad 3 is cut from aviation rubber sheet, and the maximum compression ratio k is 0.45. For the rubber pad 3 with a thickness H of 2mm, its maximum deformation A in the thickness direction is 0.9mm. At this time, the thickness of the deformed rubber pad 3 is 1.1mm, so that while buffering the clamping force, it can transfer the clamping force generated by the inner surface of the clamping part 1 to the outer surface of the part 4.

[0134] The width of the rubber pad 3 is greater than that of the pressing member 1 , and when the rubber pad 3 is pressed against the outer surface of the part 4 , the rubber pad 3 avoids the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be machined in the width direction to avoid affecting the machining of the five-axis hole.

[0135] Specifically, the width of the rubber pad 3 is 4 mm larger than the width of the clamping part 1. When clamping, align the width center of the rubber pad 3 with that of the clamping part 1, and align the position of the rubber pad 3 so that the center of the rubber pad 3 coincides with the center of the part 4. At this time, the gap between the processing point of the five-axis hole and the rubber pad 3 is 5 mm, and the gap between the processing point of the five-axis hole and the end of the part 4 is 1 mm.

[0136] Example 2

[0137] A method for processing thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, comprising:

[0138] Step 1: Get the standard size information of the parts;

[0139] Specifically, the dimensional information of the part 4 includes the inner surface shape of the part 4 , the outer surface shape of the part 4 , the shape at both ends of the part 4 , the thickness, the length, and the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be machined.

[0140] Among them, the thickness of part 4 is 0.4mm and the length is 370mm;

[0141] The position 401 of the five-axis hole to be machined is determined based on the machining design requirements;

[0142] The three-dimensional model of the part 4 is obtained by three-dimensional scanning, and the size information of the part 4 is obtained from the three-dimensional model.

[0143] Part 4 is a standard part, based on which the size information of this type of part is obtained.

[0144] Step 2: Design auxiliary tooling based on the obtained part size information;

[0145] Specifically, the auxiliary tooling includes a bearing component 2 , a pressing component 1 and a rubber pad 3 .

[0146] Among them, the outer surface of the carrier 2 is adapted to the inner surface of the part 4 and is used to carry the part 4; the inner surface of the carrier 2 is flat and is used to be installed on a machine tool; when clamping, the inner surface of the part 4 fits on the outer surface of the carrier 2.

[0147] The profile accuracy requirement between the outer surface of the carrier 2 and the inner surface of the component 4 is ±0.07 mm.

[0148] Among them, the bearing part 2 serves as the bearing end, and its outer surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the inner surface of the part 4, and two plane segments that fit with the end of the clamping part 1; among them, in the arc surface length direction of the arc-like segment, the two plane segments are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the arc-like segment.

[0149] The inner and outer surfaces of the carrier 2 are distributed vertically, and the two side surfaces perpendicular to the inner and outer surfaces are used as the processing reference surface 203, so as to transfer the processing reference to the carrier 2 when processing the part hole.

[0150] When the carrier 2 is placed vertically, the two machining reference surfaces 203 are vertical surfaces.

[0151] Among them, a boss 201 is respectively provided at two planar sections of the bearing member 2, and the boss 201 includes a bearing surface 2011 and a mating surface 2012. The bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012 intersect, and the angle between the bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012 is an acute angle.

[0152] Among them, after the part 4 is placed on the carrier 2, the bearing surface 2011 abuts against the end face of the part 4, which is used to support and position the part 4. The mating surface 2012 is an arc surface that cooperates with the end of the inner surface of the part 4. In this way, when the clamping part 1 squeezes the part 4 for fine-tuning, the end of the inner surface of the part 4 squeezes the mating surface.

[0153] Among them, the end of the inner surface of part 4 is an arc-like shape, and when assembled, it fits with the mating surface 2012.

[0154] The boss 201 further includes a pressing surface 2013, which intersects the bearing surface 2011 and the mating surface 2012. During assembly, the pressing surface 2013 fits against the pressing member 1 to support and position the pressing member 1.

[0155] When the part 4 is attached to the outer surface of the carrier 2 , the outer surface of the carrier 2 avoids the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be machined in the width direction to avoid affecting the machining of the five-axis hole.

[0156] The thickness of the pressing member 1 is 5 mm and the material is 5A06.

[0157] The profile accuracy requirement between the inner surface of the pressing member 1 and the outer surface of the component 4 is ±0.2 mm.

[0158] Among them, the clamping part 1 serves as the fastening end, and its inner surface includes an arc-like segment that follows the outer surface of the part 4, and a fixing surface 101 that is respectively fitted with two clamping surfaces of the carrier 1. During assembly, the conforming extrusion force is transmitted to the outer surface of the part 4 through the rubber pad 3 to fasten and fine-tune the part 4.

[0159] Among them, threaded through holes 102 are respectively provided on the two fixing surfaces of the clamping member 1, and corresponding threaded holes 202 are opened on the clamping surface of the carrier 2. During assembly, the central axes of the threaded through holes 102 and the threaded holes 202 coincide to achieve positioning of the clamping member 1.

[0160] Among them, the central axis of the threaded through hole 102 is perpendicular to the fixed surface. At the outer surface of the clamping member 1, corresponding to the position of the fixed surface 101, the outer surface at this position is parallel to the fixed surface 101. During assembly, the clamping member 1 and the supporting member 2 are fastened together by the cooperation of the bolts with the threaded through hole 102 and the threaded hole 202.

[0161] When the pressing member 1 is pressed against the outer surface of the part 4 , the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed is avoided in the width direction of the pressing member 1 to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0162] The rubber pad 3 is located between the bearing member 2 and the pressing member 1 . During installation, the rubber pad 3 is located between the pressing member 1 and the component 4 .

[0163] Among them, the gap d between the clamping part 1 and the part 4 is 1.6mm, the thickness H of the rubber pad 3 is 2mm, the rubber pad 3 is cut from an aviation rubber sheet, and the maximum compression ratio k is 0.45. For the rubber pad 3 with a thickness H of 2mm, its maximum deformation A in the thickness direction is 0.9mm. At this time, the thickness of the deformed rubber pad is 1.1mm, so that while buffering the clamping force, it can transfer the clamping force generated by the inner surface of the clamping part 1 to the outer surface of the part 4.

[0164] Among them, the width of the rubber pad 3 is 4 mm larger than the width of the pressing part 1, and when the rubber pad 3 is pressed on the outer surface of the part 4, the rubber pad 3 avoids the position 401 of the five-axis hole to be processed in the width direction to avoid affecting the processing of the five-axis hole.

[0165] Step 3: Inspect the parts to be processed and obtain the deformation data of the part surface;

[0166] Specifically, place part 4 on the outer surface of the carrier 2, and measure the gap of the fitting surface with a feeler gauge to determine the deformation of the inner surface of part 4; place the outer surface of part 4 on the clamping part 1, at this time part 4 is located at the upper end of the clamping part 1, and measure the gap of the fitting surface with a feeler gauge to determine the deformation of the outer surface of part 4.

[0167] Among them, if the shape variation of the inner or outer surface of the part is within ±0.8mm, it is a part that meets the use requirements, and the part will continue to undergo shape correction and hole processing processes.

[0168] Step 4: Clamp and fine-tune parts with a deformation range of ±0.8mm;

[0169] Specifically, they include:

[0170] S401: Fitting the component 4 onto the outer surface of the carrier 2 and aligning the component 4;

[0171] Among them, after the part 4 is placed on the carrier 2, the bearing surface 2011 abuts against the end face of the part 4, which is used to support and position the part 4. The mating surface 2012 is an arc surface that cooperates with the end of the inner surface of the part 4. In this way, when the clamping part 1 squeezes the part 4 for fine-tuning, the end of the inner surface of the part 4 squeezes the mating surface.

[0172] S402: Install the rubber pad 3 and the pressing member 1 in sequence, and align the rubber pad 3 and the pressing member 1;

[0173] Among them, after the width center of the rubber pad 3 is aligned with the pressing part 1, the position of the rubber pad 3 is corrected so that the center of the rubber pad 3 coincides with the center of the part 4. That is, when the rubber pad 3 is pressed tightly against the outer surface of the part 4 using the pressing part 1, the two ends of the rubber pad 3 are flush with the two ends of the part 4 in the length direction of the rubber pad 3.

[0174] The fixing surface of the pressing member 1 is attached to the pressing surface of the carrier, so that the threaded through hole 102 on the pressing member is aligned with the threaded hole 202 on the carrier 2, thereby achieving alignment of the pressing member 1.

[0175] S403: Fasten the pressing member to the supporting member.

[0176] Among them, the fastening connection between the clamping member 1 and the supporting member 2 is achieved through the cooperation between the bolts and the threaded through holes 102 and the threaded holes 202, thereby driving the clamping member to be squeezed toward the part, and then driving the rubber pad 3 to be squeezed toward the part 4 to achieve the clamping and correction of the part.

[0177] The pressing member 1 has a certain strength and thickness to ensure that it will not be deformed during the process of pressing the rubber pad 3 .

[0178] Step 5: Install the auxiliary tooling on the machine tool and process the five-axis hole of the part;

[0179] Specifically, the inner surface of the carrier 2 is mounted on a machine tool, and a processing device provided on the machine tool is used to perform five-axis hole processing on the clamped part 4 .

[0180] The processing device includes a drill bit, which is used to perform five-axis hole processing on the part 4.

[0181] Among them, for part 4 with a large deformation of the inner surface and a small deformation of the outer surface, only the carrier 2 needs to be replaced; for part 4 with a slight deformation of the inner surface and a small deformation of the outer surface, there is no need to replace the carrier 2 and the clamping part 1.

[0182] Among them, after the inner and outer surfaces of the part 4 are machined, the five-axis hole on the part 4 is machined. When machining the five-axis hole, the part 4 is clamped by the bearing part 2, the pressing part 1 and the rubber pad 3 to facilitate machining.

[0183] Among them, the surface deformation of ±0.3mm is slight deformation, and the surface deformation of ±0.8mm is micro deformation.

[0184] When the above method is used to process parts #01-#05, the alignment time is shortened to less than 5 minutes. When the traditional processing method is used to process parts #06-#10, the clamping and alignment time is greater than 60 minutes, and the parts are prone to change. It can be seen that the present application can significantly improve the clamping and alignment efficiency by at least 12 times, and can effectively avoid the deformation of the processed parts.

[0185] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the process steps of the above-described embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory, or a random access memory.

[0186] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary tool for shaping and hole processing of thin-walled parts with special profiles, characterized by: Including bearing parts, pressing parts and part deformation compensation parts; The outer surface of the carrier is adapted to the inner surface of the part; the inner surface of the pressing part is adapted to the outer surface of the part; The part deformation compensation member is a non-rigid body that can achieve telescopic deformation in its thickness direction; the material of the part deformation compensation member is sponge or rubber pad; There is a gap between the inner surface of the pressing member and the outer surface of the part, and the gap d satisfies: ； Wherein, H is the thickness of the part deformation compensation piece; The maximum deformation A of the part deformation compensation part satisfies: ； , k is the maximum compression ratio of the part deformation compensation component; H is 2-3mm; When assembling parts, the clamping parts, part deformation compensation parts, parts and supporting parts are placed in sequence from top to bottom, and the hole processing parts of the parts are completely exposed. The clamping parts, part deformation compensation parts and supporting parts are used to realize the shape correction of the parts and the clamping and fixing of the parts in the hole processing state.

2. The auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conforming extrusion force of the pressing member is transmitted to the outer surface of the part through the part deformation compensation member to extrude, fix and correct the part.

3. The auxiliary tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two bosses are provided on the outer surface of the bearing member to support and position the parts and the pressing member.

4. The auxiliary tooling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boss includes a bearing surface and a mating surface, wherein the bearing surface abuts against the end surface of the part and is used for supporting and positioning the part; The matching surface is an arc surface that matches the end of the inner surface of the part. When the pressing member squeezes the part to perform fine-tuning, the end of the inner surface of the part abuts against the matching surface.

5. The auxiliary tooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The boss also includes a pressing surface. When clamping parts, the pressing surface fits against the pressing piece to support and position the pressing piece.

6. A method for processing thin-walled parts with special-shaped surfaces, characterized by: The method comprises clamping a part by using the auxiliary tooling according to any one of claims 1 to 5; Among them, the auxiliary tooling for clamping the parts is placed on the machine tool to process the five-axis holes of the parts.

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