Multi-morphological fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite materials for splicing use and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite material for splicing use and a preparation method thereof. The bionic composite material includes: a dense outer surface structure, a porous structure, a cyclic stacking structure, and a thickness-gradient multi-layer structure; the porous structure includes: a spacer plate and an array of resin fiber columns; the spacer plate includes: a resin plate and a fiber fabric; the resin fiber column includes: a resin column and a fiber bundle; the end of the fiber bundle bends around and inserts into the through hole. This application bionics the chela of a pistol shrimp to form a dense outer surface structure, a porous structure, a cyclic stacking structure, and a thickness-gradient multi-layer structure, realizing an enhanced method of multi-morphology fibers for coupling and connecting multi-region microstructures. While enhancing the anti-shear ability of the material and the ability to resist puncture and fragment penetration, it also improves the load-bearing capacity of the overall structure against impact loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly to a multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite material for splicing use and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern engineering technology and equipment manufacturing industry, the performance requirements of equipment for engineering materials are also continuously improving, especially in the booming fields of aerospace, rail transit, marine ships, military, etc. At present, engineering materials not only require excellent light weight characteristics to respond to green manufacturing, but also require high-strength impact resistance mechanical properties to ensure the functions under extreme working conditions. However, in the prior art, most structures are difficult to achieve the gradual weakening of loads, which easily leads to stress concentration or failure of the impact load inside the structure, resulting in insufficient strength of the material, seriously restricting the engineering application of impact-resistant materials.

[0003] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite material for splicing use and a preparation method thereof in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, aiming to solve the problems of stress concentration or failure of the impact load inside the structure and insufficient strength of the material in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0006] A multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite material for splicing use, which includes:

[0007] A dense outer surface structure, a porous structure, a cyclic stacking structure, and a thickness gradient multi-layer structure arranged from top to bottom in sequence;

[0008] The porous structure includes:

[0009] At least one spacer;

[0010] At least one resin fiber column array, and the end of the resin fiber column array is connected to the spacer or the dense outer surface structure;

[0011] The spacer includes: a resin plate and a fiber fabric embedded in the resin plate; the fiber fabric has through holes;

[0012] The resin fiber column in the resin fiber column array includes: a resin column and a fiber bundle embedded in the resin column; the end of the fiber bundle bends around and inserts into the through holes.

[0013] The multi - morphological fiber - reinforced resin - based bionic composite material for splicing, wherein the cyclic stacking structure includes:

[0014] A number of resin - fiber layers stacked in sequence from top to bottom;

[0015] Wherein, the continuous fibers in each resin - fiber layer are arranged flat in sequence;

[0016] In the top - down direction, the directions of the flat arrangement of the continuous fibers in a number of the resin - fiber layers change in sequence.

[0017] The multi - morphological fiber - reinforced resin - based bionic composite material for splicing, wherein the dense outer - surface structure includes: a resin layer and a fiber fabric embedded in the resin layer;

[0018] The thickness - gradient multi - plate - layer structure includes: a number of resin - fiber plates stacked in sequence from top to bottom;

[0019] In the top - down direction, the thickness of each resin - fiber plate gradually decreases.

[0020] The multi - morphological fiber - reinforced resin - based bionic composite material for splicing, wherein a concave structure is arranged below the porous structure;

[0021] A convex structure is arranged above the cyclic stacking structure;

[0022] Wherein, the concave structure is connected with the convex structure.

[0023] A preparation method of a multi - morphological fiber - reinforced resin - based bionic composite material for splicing, which includes the steps of:

[0024] Preparing a dense outer - surface structure and a porous structure;

[0025] Preparing a cyclic stacking structure and a thickness - gradient multi - plate - layer structure;

[0026] Connecting the porous structure and the cyclic stacking structure to obtain a multi - morphological fiber - reinforced resin - based bionic composite material;

[0027] The preparation of the dense outer - surface structure and the porous structure includes:

[0028] Providing a mold, resin slurry, fiber fabric and fiber bundles; the mold includes: a number of frames, a number of porous plates and a number of opening - and - closing cylinders;

[0029] Soaking the fiber fabric and the fiber bundles in the resin slurry;

[0030] Preparation of the first spacer: Placing the soaked fiber fabric in a frame and injecting resin slurry;

[0031] Preparation of the first resin fiber column array: Cover a porous plate, and place an opening and closing cylinder at the hole positions of the porous plate; put the soaked fiber bundle into the opening and closing cylinder, and insert the lower end of the fiber bundle into the through hole of the soaked fiber fabric;

[0032] Preparation of the next spacer: Cover a porous plate and a frame, place the soaked fiber fabric in the frame, insert the upper end of the soaked fiber bundle into the through hole of the soaked fiber fabric, and inject resin slurry;

[0033] Preparation of the next resin fiber column array: Cover a porous plate, and place an opening and closing cylinder at the hole positions of the porous plate; put the soaked fiber bundle into the opening and closing cylinder, and insert the lower end of the fiber bundle into the through hole of the fiber fabric;

[0034] After all the resin fiber column arrays are prepared, cover a porous plate and a frame, and prepare a dense outer surface structure. After curing, remove the mold to complete the preparation of the dense outer surface structure and the porous structure.

[0035] The preparation method, wherein, the mold further includes a convex mold; in the preparation of the first spacer, the convex mold is placed below the frame;

[0036] The preparation of the cyclic stacked structure and the thickness gradient multi-layer structure includes:

[0037] Provide a concave mold, resin slurry, additives, continuous fibers and fiber cloth;

[0038] After injecting the resin slurry and additives onto the concave mold, perform photocuring;

[0039] Preparation of the first resin fiber layer: Lay the continuous fibers flat, then inject the resin slurry and additives and perform photocuring;

[0040] Preparation of the next resin fiber layer: Lay the continuous fibers flat at a changed angle, then inject the resin slurry and additives and perform photocuring;

[0041] After all the resin fiber layers are prepared, prepare the first resin fiber board: Lay several layers of fiber cloth flat, then inject the resin slurry and additives and perform photocuring;

[0042] Preparation of the next resin fiber board: Reduce the number of layers of the fiber cloth and lay the fiber cloth flat, then inject the resin slurry and additives and perform photocuring;

[0043] After all the resin fiber boards are prepared, perform secondary curing to complete the preparation of the cyclic stacked structure and the thickness gradient multi-layer structure.

[0044] The preparation method described above, wherein the resin slurry includes: resin, curing agent, and silane coupling agent; the mass ratio of the resin, the curing agent, and the silane coupling agent is: 1: 0.1 to 0.5: 0.01 to 0.06;

[0045] The resin includes: thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin;

[0046] The curing agent includes: at least one of polyetheramine, isophorone diamine, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and cumene hydroperoxide;

[0047] The continuous fiber includes: at least one of glass fiber and polyamide fiber;

[0048] The fiber cloth includes: at least one of glass fiber cloth and polyamide fiber cloth.

[0049] The preparation method described above, wherein the thermosetting resin includes: at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide, and polyimide;

[0050] The thermoplastic resin includes: at least one of polycarbonate, polysulfone, polypropylene, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyethersulfone;

[0051] The silane coupling agent includes: at least one of vinyl chloride silane, trichloropropenyl silane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0052] The preparation method described above, wherein a light-curing 3D printer or an FDM 3D printer is used to prepare the cyclic stacked structure and the thickness gradient multi-layer structure.

[0053] The preparation method described above, wherein the fiber fabric includes: at least one of carbon fiber fabric, basalt fiber fabric, glass fiber fabric, aramid fiber fabric, and asbestos fiber fabric;

[0054] The fiber bundle includes: at least one of carbon fiber bundle, basalt fiber bundle, glass fiber bundle, aramid fiber bundle, and asbestos fiber bundle;

[0055] The connection of the loose pore structure and the cyclic stacked structure includes:

[0056] Ethyl cyanoacrylate or silane coupling agent is used to connect the loose pore structure and the cyclic stacked structure.

[0057] Beneficial effects: The chela of the pistol shrimp is imitated in this application to form a dense outer surface structure, a porous structure, a cyclic stacked structure, and a multi-layer structure with a thickness gradient, realizing an enhanced method of coupling connection of multi-morphology fibers to multi-region microstructures. Under the condition of enhancing the shear resistance of the material and the resistance to puncture and fragment penetration, the bearing capacity of the overall structure against impact loads is improved. The ends of the fiber bundles bend around and insert into the through holes of the fiber fabric, which not only enhances the connection between the resin fiber columns and the spacer plates but also helps to ensure that the resin fiber columns are not easily damaged during the deformation process. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0058] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite used in splicing in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite used in splicing in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 3 is the first exploded view of the multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite used in splicing in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 4 is the second exploded view of the multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite used in splicing in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the frame in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the frame and the porous plate in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the frame, the porous plate, and the opening and closing cylinder in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 8 is the first schematic structural view of the fiber bundle, the fiber fabric, and the opening and closing cylinder in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the fiber bundle, the fiber fabric, and the opening and closing cylinder in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 10 is the second schematic structural view of the fiber bundle, the fiber fabric, and the opening and closing cylinder in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 11 is the third schematic structural view of the fiber bundle, the fiber fabric, and the opening and closing cylinder in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 12It is a cross-sectional view of a fiber bundle, a fiber fabric, and an opening and closing cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0071] 10, Dense outer surface structure; 20, Loose pore structure; 21, Spacer; 211, Fiber fabric; 212, Through hole; 22, Resin fiber column array; 221, Resin column; 222, Fiber bundle; 23, Concave structure; 30, Circular stacking structure; 31, Resin fiber layer; 311, Continuous fiber; 40, Thickness gradient multi-plate layer structure; 32, Convex structure; 41, Resin fiber plate; 50, Frame; 51, Porous plate; 53, Opening and closing cylinder. Specific embodiments

[0072] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more definite, the following further elaborates on the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0073] Meanwhile, referring to Figures 1 - 12 , the present invention provides some embodiments of a multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite for splicing use.

[0074] Learning from nature, with the continuous understanding and learning of nature by people, the potential mechanisms under the excellent survival skills of organisms have given profound enlightenment to the design and manufacture of engineering equipment. Among them, the large chela of the pistol shrimp can stun or kill its prey without touching it. When attacking its prey, it can eject at a speed of up to 100 km / h, and the pressure pulse generated when the cavitation bubble breaks can reach 30 - 90 psi, but its chela can still avoid catastrophic damage. The main internal structure of the chela consists of a dense outer surface area, a loose pore area, a circular stacking area, and a gradient multi-plate layer area. The dense outer surface area initially equalizes the external impact load and reduces displacement, preventing stress concentration, bending, and fatigue of the material; the loose pore area, on the one hand, achieves secondary force unloading through deformation, and on the other hand, dissipates the heat generated by the collision in the upper layer; the circular stacking area resists the local deepening of cracks, branches the cracks on the spiral surface, and extends the path; the gradient multi-plate layer area smoothly transitions the load and achieves the goal of unloading through deformation. The pistol shrimp's chela achieves force unloading zone by zone through the cooperation between different microstructures in multiple zones. On the one hand, it reduces the occurrence of stress concentration, and on the other hand, it weakens the smooth transition of the load by coupling different structures, providing a good reference idea for the performance of equipment under extreme working conditions.

[0075] Such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, a multi - morphological fiber - reinforced resin - based bionic composite material for splicing of the present invention includes: a dense outer surface structure 10, a porous structure 20, a cyclic stacking structure 30, and a thickness - gradient multi - layer structure 40 arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0076] The porous structure 20 includes:

[0077] At least one spacer 21;

[0078] At least one resin - fiber column array 22, the end of the resin - fiber column array 22 is connected to the spacer 21 or the dense outer surface structure 10;

[0079] The spacer 21 includes: a resin plate and a fiber fabric 211 embedded in the resin plate; the fiber fabric 211 has through - holes 212;

[0080] The resin - fiber columns in the resin - fiber column array 22 include: resin columns 221 and fiber bundles 222 embedded in the resin columns 221; the ends of the fiber bundles 222 bend around and insert into the through - holes 212.

[0081] Specifically, the dense outer surface structure 10 refers to a structure with a high density located on the outer surface. The porous structure 20 refers to a porous and loose structure. The cyclic stacking structure 30 refers to a structure that gradually rotates a certain angle in the stacking direction to form a periodic cycle. The thickness - gradient multi - layer structure 40 refers to a structure in which the thicknesses of multiple layers gradually change. In this application, the dense outer surface structure 10 bionics the dense outer surface area of the pistol shrimp's chela, the porous structure 20 bionics the porous area of the pistol shrimp's chela, the cyclic stacking structure 30 bionics the cyclic stacking area of the pistol shrimp's chela, and the thickness - gradient multi - layer structure 40 bionics the gradient multi - layer area of the pistol shrimp's chela. The dense outer surface structure 10 plays a role in primary load unloading, initial load homogenization, and displacement reduction, and can prevent stress concentration, bending, and fatigue of the material. The porous structure 20 plays a role in secondary load unloading and heat dissipation. The porous structure 20 can produce deformation and perform secondary load unloading through deformation. The cyclic stacking structure 30 plays a role in inhibiting the local deep penetration of cracks, branching the cracks on the helical surface, and extending the path. The thickness - gradient multi - layer structure 40 plays a role in smooth load transition and tertiary load unloading. The thickness - gradient multi - layer realizes load unloading through deformation.

[0082] The porous structure 20 includes a spacer 21 and an array of resin fiber columns 22. An array of resin fiber columns 22 is provided on each spacer 21. There are several resin fiber columns distributed in an array in the resin fiber column array 22, and a pore structure is formed between the resin fiber columns. The ends of the fiber bundles 222 in the resin fiber columns bend towards the surroundings and are inserted into the through holes 212 of the fiber fabric 211. The fiber bundles 222 form a shape with both ends dispersed and the middle part converging. The resin columns 221 also form a structure with a larger cross-section at both ends and a smaller cross-section in the middle. When the resin fiber columns are stressed, the resin fiber columns deform, the fiber bundles 222 bend further, and the overall height decreases to relieve the force. The ends of the fiber bundles 222 bend towards the surroundings and are inserted into the through holes 212 of the fiber fabric 211, which not only enhances the connection between the resin fiber columns and the spacer 21 but also helps to ensure that the resin fiber columns are not easily damaged during the deformation process.

[0083] The fiber fabric 211 in the spacer 21 can be at least one of a carbon fiber fabric 211, a basalt fiber fabric 211, a glass fiber fabric 211, an aramid fiber fabric 211, and an asbestos fiber fabric 211.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 shown, the cyclic stacking structure 30 includes:

[0085] A plurality of resin fiber layers 31 stacked in sequence from top to bottom;

[0086] Wherein, the continuous fibers 311 in each resin fiber layer 31 are arranged flat in sequence;

[0087] In the top-down direction, the directions of the flat arrangement of the continuous fibers 311 in a plurality of the resin fiber layers 31 change in sequence.

[0088] Specifically, each resin fiber layer 31 is paved with continuous fibers 311. Here, the continuous fibers 311 refer to the fibers cut from continuous fibers 311 according to the size of the resin layer. That is to say, the continuous fibers 311 are the whole root throughout the length or width of the resin fiber layer 31 in each resin fiber layer 31. The continuous fibers 311 in each resin fiber layer 31 are parallel to each other, and there is an included angle between the continuous fibers 311 in adjacent resin fiber layers 31. As the number of resin fiber layers 31 increases, the continuous fibers 311 in the resin fiber layers 31 gradually form different angles. After the resin fiber layers 31 reach a certain number, the continuous fibers 311 of two resin fiber layers 31 will be parallel to each other, thus forming a cycle. The continuous fibers 311 can be at least one of a glass fiber cloth and a polyamide fiber cloth.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the dense outer surface structure 10 includes: a resin layer and a fiber fabric 211 embedded in the resin layer.

[0090] Specifically, in the dense outer surface structure 10, there is a fiber fabric 211, and at least one of carbon fiber fabric 211, basalt fiber fabric 211, glass fiber fabric 211, aramid fiber fabric 211, and asbestos fiber fabric 211 can be used.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, as Figures 1 - 4 shown, the thickness gradient multi-layer structure 40 includes: a plurality of resin fiber boards 41 stacked in sequence from top to bottom; in the direction from top to bottom, the thickness of each resin fiber board 41 gradually decreases.

[0092] Specifically, the fiber cloth in the resin fiber board 41 can be at least one of glass fiber cloth and polyamide fiber cloth.

[0093] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, as Figures 2 - 4 shown, a concave structure 23 is provided below the porous structure 20; a convex structure 32 is provided above the cyclic stacking structure 30; wherein, the concave structure 23 is connected to the convex structure 32.

[0094] Specifically, the dense outer surface structure 10 and the porous structure 20 are integrally formed, the cyclic stacking structure 30 and the thickness gradient multi-layer structure 40 are integrally formed, and the porous structure 20 and the cyclic stacking structure 30 are connected to obtain a bionic composite material. To increase the connection strength, a concave structure 23 is provided on the porous structure 20, a convex structure 32 is provided on the cyclic stacking structure 30, and the concave structure 23 and the convex structure 32 cooperate with each other and are connected. Of course, a convex structure 32 can also be provided on the porous structure 20, and a concave structure 23 can be provided on the cyclic stacking structure 30.

[0095] Please also refer to Figures 5 - 12 , some embodiments of a preparation method of a multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite material for splicing use are provided by the present invention.

[0096] As Figures 5 - 12 shown, a preparation method of a multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite material for splicing use according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0097] Step S100, prepare a dense outer surface structure and a porous structure.

[0098] Step S200, prepare a cyclic stacking structure and a thickness gradient multi-layer structure.

[0099] Step S300: Connect the loose pore structure and the cyclic stacked structure to obtain a multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite material.

[0100] Specifically, the dense outer structure and the loose pore structure are integrally formed, and the cyclic stacked structure and the thickness gradient multi-layer structure are integrally formed. Then, the loose pore structure is connected to the cyclic stacked structure to obtain the bionic composite material.

[0101] Step S100 specifically includes:

[0102] Step S110: Provide a mold, resin slurry, fiber fabric, and fiber bundles; the mold includes: a plurality of frames, a plurality of porous plates, and a plurality of opening and closing cylinders.

[0103] Step S120: Immerse the fiber fabric and the fiber bundles in the resin slurry.

[0104] Step S130: Preparation of the first spacer: Place the soaked fiber fabric in a frame and inject resin slurry.

[0105] Step S140: Preparation of the first resin fiber column array: Cover a porous plate and place an opening and closing cylinder at the hole positions of the porous plate; put the soaked fiber bundles into the opening and closing cylinder, and insert the lower ends of the fiber bundles into the through holes of the soaked fiber fabric.

[0106] Step S150: Preparation of the next spacer: Cover a porous plate and a frame, place the soaked fiber fabric in the frame, insert the upper ends of the soaked fiber bundles into the through holes of the soaked fiber fabric, and inject resin slurry.

[0107] Step S160: Preparation of the next resin fiber column array: Cover a porous plate and place an opening and closing cylinder at the hole positions of the porous plate; put the soaked fiber bundles into the opening and closing cylinder, and insert the lower ends of the fiber bundles into the through holes of the fiber fabric.

[0108] Step S170: After all the resin fiber column arrays are prepared, cover a porous plate and a frame, and prepare the dense outer structure. After curing, remove the mold to complete the preparation of the dense outer structure and the loose pore structure.

[0109] Specifically, the template method is used to prepare a loose pore structure and a dense outer surface structure, and it is specifically prepared layer by layer. That is to say, a layer of mold is built and a layer of structure is prepared. First, the fiber fabric and the fiber bundle are immersed in the resin slurry to fully infiltrate the fiber fabric and the fiber bundle with the resin slurry. The fiber fabric includes at least one of carbon fiber fabric, basalt fiber fabric, glass fiber fabric, aramid fiber fabric, and asbestos fiber fabric; the fiber bundle includes at least one of carbon fiber bundle, basalt fiber bundle, glass fiber bundle, aramid fiber bundle, and asbestos fiber bundle; the resin slurry includes resin, curing agent, and silane coupling agent; the mass ratio of the resin, the curing agent, and the silane coupling agent is: 1:0.1 to 0.5:0.01 to 0.06; the resin includes thermosetting resin or thermoplastic resin; the resin selects the parameter of lcp 405 wavelength provided by the supplier. The curing agent includes at least one of polyetheramine, isophorone diamine, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and cumene hydroperoxide. The thermosetting resin includes at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide, and polyimide; the thermoplastic resin includes at least one of polycarbonate, polysulfone, polypropylene, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyethersulfone; the silane coupling agent includes at least one of vinyl chloride silane, trichloropropenyl silane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. The weaving method of the fiber fabric includes at least one of twill weaving, satin weaving, and plain weaving.

[0110] As Figure 5 shown, the first spacer 21 is prepared by using the frame 50. The frame 50 can be placed on the flat plate or on the convex mold. When the convex mold is placed under the frame 50, a concave structure 23 can be formed under the first spacer 21, and a convex mold can also be formed by placing a metal block on the flat plate. The soaked fiber fabric 211 is placed in the frame 50, and the resin slurry is injected. Of course, in order to prevent the fiber fabric 211 from moving, the fiber fabric 211 is fixed. The resin slurry and the fiber fabric 211 in the frame 50 will form the first spacer 21.

[0111] As Figures 6 - 9As shown, a perforated plate 51 is placed on the frame 50. The holes on the perforated plate 51 are arranged in an array. The opening and closing cylinder is placed at the hole positions of the perforated plate 51, and the fiber bundle 222 is inserted, so that the lower end of the fiber bundle 222 is inserted into the through hole 212 of the soaked fiber fabric 211, and the upper end of the fiber bundle 222 protrudes from the opening and closing cylinder. Then, resin slurry is injected into the opening and closing cylinder. On one side of the perforated plate 51, a placement groove for the opening and closing cylinder is formed at the edge of the through hole 212, which is convenient for placing the opening and closing cylinder. Flanges are formed at both ends of the opening and closing cylinder, which are in full contact with the perforated plate 51, helping to prevent the resin slurry from leaking out. On the other side of the perforated plate 51, a chamfer is formed at the edge of the through hole 212, and the resin slurry is injected. The perforated plate 51 can be a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) transparent perforated plate 51 to facilitate observing whether the resin slurry is filled up.

[0112] As Figure 10 shown, if there is only one spacer 21 and one resin fiber column array 22 in the porous structure 20, a perforated plate 51 and a frame 50 can be covered on the opening and closing cylinder, and a dense outer surface structure 10 can be prepared.

[0113] As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, if there are at least two spacers 21 and two resin fiber column arrays 22 in the porous structure 20, then the preparation of the next spacer 21 is carried out. A perforated plate 51 and a frame 50 are covered, and the soaked fiber fabric 211 is placed in the frame 50, and the upper end of the fiber bundle 222 in the previous opening and closing cylinder is inserted into the through hole 212 of the soaked fiber fabric 211. Then, resin slurry is injected.

[0114] Continue with the preparation of the next resin fiber column array 22, which is specifically the same as the preparation method of the first resin fiber column array 22. Repeat step S150 and step S160 until all the resin fiber column arrays 22 are prepared. Then, the preparation of the dense outer surface structure 10 is carried out. The preparation of the dense outer surface structure 10 is similar to step S150. The difference is that a fiber fabric 211 with a smaller aperture of the through hole 212 can be used, and more different types of fiber fabrics 211 are used to form a denser outer surface structure 10 with a thicker thickness.

[0115] Specifically, a perforated plate 51 and a frame 50 are covered, and the soaked fiber fabric 211 is placed in the frame 50, and resin slurry is injected. Finally, a flat plate is covered and compacted. Then, the whole is cured. During curing, the whole can be placed on a rotating rack, slowly shaken at 15 - 45 degrees and left standing for several seconds to prevent defects caused by uneven filling. The shaking process can run through the whole curing process. Finally, the mold is removed to complete the preparation of the dense outer surface structure 10 and the porous structure 20.

[0116] Step S200 specifically includes:

[0117] Step S210: Provide a concave mold, a resin slurry, an additive, continuous fibers, and a fiber cloth.

[0118] Step S220: After injecting the resin slurry and the additive onto the concave mold, perform photocuring.

[0119] Step S230: Preparation of the first resin fiber layer: Lay the continuous fibers flat, then inject the resin slurry and the additive and perform photocuring.

[0120] Step S240: Preparation of the next resin fiber layer: Lay the continuous fibers flat at a changed angle, then inject the resin slurry and the additive and perform photocuring.

[0121] Step S250: Until all the resin fiber layers are prepared, prepare the first resin fiber board: Lay several layers of fiber cloth flat, then inject the resin slurry and the additive and perform photocuring.

[0122] Step S260: Preparation of the next resin fiber board: Reduce the number of layers of the fiber cloth and lay the fiber cloth flat, then inject the resin slurry and the additive and perform photocuring.

[0123] Step S270: Until all the resin fiber boards are prepared, perform secondary curing to complete the preparation of the cyclic stacking structure and the thickness gradient multi-layer structure.

[0124] Specifically, a photocuring 3D printer or an FDM 3D printer can be used to prepare the cyclic stacking structure and the thickness gradient multi-layer structure. The cyclic stacking structure and the thickness gradient multi-layer structure are prepared in a layer-by-layer printing manner. The additive can be selected as needed. Additives that facilitate sufficient infiltration of the fibers can be added, and additives that facilitate photocuring can also be added. The continuous fibers can be at least one of glass fibers and polyamide fibers. The fiber cloth can be at least one of a glass fiber cloth and a polyamide fiber cloth. Translucent continuous fibers and fiber cloth are used to facilitate photocuring. The weaving patterns of the fiber cloth include at least one of twill weaving, satin weaving, and plain weaving.

[0125] In order to adapt to the concave structure 23 on the porous structure 20, a convex structure 32 is prepared on the cyclic stacking structure 30. Injecting the resin slurry and the additive onto the concave mold and performing photocuring can form the convex structure 32.

[0126] Then, the continuous fibers 311 are laid flat, and then the resin slurry and additives are injected and photocured. In the first resin fiber layer 31, the continuous fibers 311 can be parallel or perpendicular to the edges of the convex structure 32. When preparing the next resin fiber layer 31, the angle between the continuous fibers 311 and the edges of the convex structure 32 is changed, which also changes the angle with the continuous fibers 311 in the previous resin fiber layer 31. As the resin fiber layers 31 are prepared, the angle of the continuous fibers 311 changes continuously. For example, each time the angle is changed by 45°, the continuous fibers 311 in the first resin fiber layer 31 are parallel to the continuous fibers 311 in the fifth resin fiber layer 31.

[0127] After all the resin fiber layers 31 are prepared, the preparation of the first resin fiber board 41 is carried out. Specifically, several layers of fiber cloth are first laid flat, then the resin slurry and additives are injected, and photocuring is performed.

[0128] Then, the preparation of the next resin fiber board 41 is carried out, using fewer layers of fiber cloth than in the previous resin fiber board 41, and the thickness of the next resin fiber board 41 is also smaller than that of the previous resin fiber board 41. After all the resin fiber boards 41 are prepared, secondary curing is carried out as a whole to obtain the cyclic stacked structure 30 and the thickness-gradient multi-layer structure 40. Specifically, sunlight or ultraviolet light can be used for secondary curing.

[0129] Step S300 specifically includes:

[0130] Step S310: Connect the loose pore structure and the cyclic stacked structure using ethyl cyanoacrylate or a silane coupling agent.

[0131] Specifically, connection is carried out using ethyl cyanoacrylate or the surface of the loose pore structure and the cyclic stacked structure is treated with a silane coupling agent and then connection curing is performed. The convex structure and the concave structure are beneficial to increasing the connection area and improving the connection strength.

[0132] Phase 1:

[0133] Step 1:

[0134] Design and prepare the mold. Convex mold, concave mold and frame: They can be assembled in multiple layers for fixing the position of the fiber cloth, and are fixed in the middle by pins; Opening and closing cylinder: Fixed with nylon cable ties, and the flange can use a metal ring gasket, and positioning can be assisted by the metal ring gasket; Additionally, a PVC transparent porous plate and a metal block are required for assistance, and the mold, the PVC transparent plate and the metal block are sprayed with a release agent.

[0135] Step 2:

[0136] Prepare a resin slurry. In this embodiment, the resin selected is vinyl ester and polyester. The curing agent selected in this embodiment is cumene hydroperoxide. The silane coupling agent selected in this embodiment is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane KH550. The fiber fabric selected in this embodiment is a glass fiber fabric. The fiber bundle selected in this embodiment is a carbon fiber bundle.

[0137] Step Three:

[0138] In this embodiment, the mass ratio among the resin, the curing agent and the silane coupling agent is 1:0.1:0.05; there are two portions of the resin slurry in total, and one portion is the spare material. The fiber fabric is woven in a 2×2 type with upper and lower orientation and different densities, and several fiber bundles are prepared, where the weight percentage content of the fibers is 40%; the fiber fabric and the fiber bundles are immersed in the spare material of the prepared resin slurry for 60 min, and the fiber fabric and the fiber bundles are turned over with forceps to ensure full impregnation.

[0139] Step Four:

[0140] Place the fiber fabric in the mold according to the established order, quantity and direction. Place metal blocks at the specified positions only on the bottom layer (concave structure) to form a concave structure, and inject the prepared resin slurry. At the same time, place the fully impregnated fiber bundles in the opening and closing cylinder, and manually disperse and insert them into the fiber fabric for coupling between different structures, and then slowly inject the prepared resin slurry.

[0141] Step Five:

[0142] Overall curing. Note during the curing process: First, place the overall mold on a self-made rotating rack. When the overall resin and other auxiliary supports are filled and compacted, slowly shake it at 15 - 45 degrees and let it stand for several seconds to prevent defects caused by uneven filling. This process stops when the curing is complete.

[0143] Step Six:

[0144] Demold layer by layer. The convex mold (metal block) and the frame can be removed in sequence; for the opening and closing cylinder, first cut the nylon tie with a blade, and then open and remove it with forceps; for the PVC transparent porous plate, use a trowel to pry it open, cut it into pieces with scissors and then take it out.

[0145] Phase Two:

[0146] Select a photocuring 3D printer or an FDM 3D printer.

[0147] The operation steps are as follows:

[0148] Step One:

[0149] Design a convex structure corresponding to the concave structure in the cyclic stacking structure for the connection and cooperation in Phase Three.

[0150] Step Two:

[0151] Set the placement angle: Rotate the model 180° during stereolithography; Place the model upright during FDM.

[0152] Set the layer thickness: 0.05 mm.

[0153] Set the number of bottom layers: 6 layers.

[0154] Set the exposure time: The exposure time for the bottom layer is 100 s, and the exposure time for the positions where continuous fibers and fiber cloth are added is 100 s. The exposure time for other positions is 8 s.

[0155] Set the lift distance: Return to the original position. Since the fiber cloth needs to be frequently placed in the last layer, a safe distance should be ensured between the fiber being placed and the model that has been cured on the workbench.

[0156] Set the lift speed: 50 mm / min to avoid unnecessary connection between the fiber and other positions, which may cause the cured model to move.

[0157] Set the return speed: 90 mm / min.

[0158] Set the lamp-off delay: Considering the fluidity of the resin and the time for placing the fiber, set the lamp-off delay time to 8 s.

[0159] Step 3:

[0160] Slowly stir the resin slurry and additives in one direction using two beakers (the purpose of using two beakers is to avoid insufficient mixing of the resin adhering to the beaker walls, and the purpose of slow stirring is to prevent the generation of bubbles. The purpose of the additives is to ensure that the fibers are fully impregnated). There are two portions in total, namely slurry A and slurry B. Finally, slowly pour the mixed slurry A into the resin tank to 2 cm below the indicator line to avoid resin overflow from the resin tank when the fiber cloth is placed later.

[0161] Step 4:

[0162] During the printing process, fiber cloth needs to be placed. The fiber cloth needs to be loosened first, oriented vertically up and down in a 2×2 pattern, which has better drapability and operability (the main purpose is to provide more sufficient exposure within a reasonable exposure time range), and soak it in the previously mixed slurry B (on the one hand, it can improve the connection effect between different material interfaces, and on the other hand, it can improve the overall forming speed). Each time of printing requires manual or tool assistance to fix the fiber cloth to make the printing process more stable and reliable.

[0163] Step 5:

[0164] After obtaining the above-mentioned formed sample, use an experimental blade wiped with 95° alcohol on the surface to scrape it off on the platform. At this time, do not remove the support, soak it in 95° alcohol for 30 minutes, take it out and place it in water, and perform secondary curing for 36 hours under sunlight or ultraviolet light. During this period, change or place the angular position to fully cure.

[0165] Step Six:

[0166] Take out the sample, and remove and polish the support part with a pair of needle-nose pliers, an experimental blade and a file.

[0167] Stage Three:

[0168] Assemble the samples of Stage One and Stage Two into a whole. For the coupling position, use ethyl cyanoacrylate for connection or treat the surface with a silane coupling agent and then perform connection curing to ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0169] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or transformations can be made according to the above description, and all such improvements and transformations should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite material for splicing use, characterized in that, Including the steps: Preparing a dense outer surface structure and a porous structure; Preparing a cyclic stacked structure and a multi-layer structure with a thickness gradient; Connecting the porous structure and the cyclic stacked structure to obtain a multi-morphology fiber-reinforced resin-based bionic composite; The preparation of the dense outer surface structure and the porous structure includes: Providing a mold, a resin slurry, a fiber fabric, and a fiber bundle; the mold includes: a plurality of frames, a plurality of porous plates, and a plurality of opening and closing cylinders; Soaking the fiber fabric and the fiber bundle in the resin slurry; Preparation of the first spacer: Placing the soaked fiber fabric in a frame and injecting the resin slurry; Preparation of the first resin fiber column array: Covering a porous plate and placing an opening and closing cylinder at the hole position of the porous plate; Putting the soaked fiber bundle into the opening and closing cylinder, and inserting the lower end of the fiber bundle into the through hole of the soaked fiber fabric; Preparation of the next spacer: Covering a porous plate and a frame, placing the soaked fiber fabric in the frame, inserting the upper end of the soaked fiber bundle into the through hole of the soaked fiber fabric, and injecting the resin slurry; Preparation of the next resin fiber column array: Covering a porous plate and placing an opening and closing cylinder at the hole position of the porous plate; Putting the soaked fiber bundle into the opening and closing cylinder, and inserting the lower end of the fiber bundle into the through hole of the fiber fabric; After all the resin fiber column arrays are prepared, covering a porous plate and a frame, and preparing a dense outer surface structure, and removing the mold after curing to complete the preparation of the dense outer surface structure and the porous structure; The mold further includes a convex mold; in the preparation of the first spacer, the convex mold is placed below the frame; The preparation of the cyclic stacked structure and the multi-layer structure with a thickness gradient includes: Providing a concave mold, a resin slurry, an additive, a continuous fiber, and a fiber cloth; Injecting the resin slurry and the additive onto the concave mold and then performing photocuring; Preparation of the first resin fiber layer: Laying the continuous fiber flat and then injecting the resin slurry and the additive and performing photocuring; Preparation of the next resin fiber layer: Laying the continuous fiber flat at a changed angle and then injecting the resin slurry and the additive and performing photocuring; After all the resin fiber layers are prepared, preparing the first resin fiber board: Laying a plurality of layers of fiber cloth flat and then injecting the resin slurry and the additive and performing photocuring; Preparation of the next resin fiber board: Reducing the number of layers of the fiber cloth and laying the fiber cloth flat, and then injecting the resin slurry and the additive and performing photocuring; After all the resin fiber boards are prepared, performing secondary curing to complete the preparation of the cyclic stacked structure and the multi-layer structure with a thickness gradient.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A concave structure is provided below the porous structure; A convex structure is provided above the cyclic stacked structure; Wherein, the concave structure is connected to the convex structure.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The resin slurry includes: a resin, a curing agent, and a silane coupling agent; the mass ratio of the resin, the curing agent, and the silane coupling agent is: 1: 0.1 - 0.5: 0.01 - 0.06; The resin includes: a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin; The curing agent includes at least one of polyetheramine, isophorone diamine, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and cumene hydroperoxide; The continuous fiber includes at least one of glass fiber and polyamide fiber; The fiber cloth includes at least one of glass fiber cloth and polyamide fiber cloth; 4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein The thermosetting resin includes at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide, and polyimide; The thermoplastic resin includes at least one of polycarbonate, polysulfone, polypropylene, polyphenylene sulfide, and polyethersulfone; The silane coupling agent includes at least one of vinyl chloride silane, trichloropropenyl silane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; 5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A light-curing 3D printer or an FDM 3D printer is used to prepare a cyclic stacked structure and a thickness-gradient multi-layer structure.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber fabric includes at least one of carbon fiber fabric, basalt fiber fabric, glass fiber fabric, aramid fiber fabric, and asbestos fiber fabric; The fiber bundle includes at least one of carbon fiber bundle, basalt fiber bundle, glass fiber bundle, aramid fiber bundle, and asbestos fiber bundle; Connecting the loose pore structure and the cyclic stacked structure includes: Using ethyl cyanoacrylate or a silane coupling agent to connect the loose pore structure and the cyclic stacked structure.

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