A deepwater pressure compensator design method and compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium using phase change points

Abstract

The present invention discloses a deepwater pressure compensator design method and compensation method thereof for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point. Based on the softening of the spring stiffness coefficient of the gas-liquid two-phase medium, a specific working medium is selected according to the correlation of the working depth of the low-frequency sound source. The working medium is composed of a plurality of compressible gases with different phase change points. By designing the working medium, a working medium with a combination of multiple phase change points that is matched with the working depth can be controlled; the phase change working point is micro-movement controlled and delayed by temperature control; according to the working depth range, a plurality of gas components are selected to form the working medium of the gas-liquid two-phase medium spring, and the specific working medium ratio is set according to the working depth range and the phase change point curve to achieve the softening of the multi-phase change point step stiffness coefficient; based on the setting control of the phase change point of the working medium and the design of the control curve, a deepwater pressure compensator can be designed to solve the pressure compensation problem of deepwater equipment such as sound sources under great depth conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of deepwater sound source compensation, and specifically relates to a deepwater pressure compensator design method and a compensation method thereof for realizing spring stiffness adjustment of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by utilizing a phase change point. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of the national blue ocean strategy, there are more and more deep-sea detection, communication and exploration tasks, and the work content is becoming more and more abundant. However, as the depth of the seawater increases, the difficulty of underwater operations is also increasing. In the ocean, for every ten meters of depth increase, the pressure of the seawater increases by one atmosphere. Therefore, 100 meters of water depth is equivalent to an increase of 10 atmospheres of pressure, and 1000 meters of water depth is equivalent to an increase of 100 atmospheres of pressure. Each atmospheric pressure is about 100KPa, that is, 0.1MPa, so 100 meters of water depth is 1MPa pressure, and 1000 meters of water depth is 10MPa pressure. Under such pressure environment conditions, all equipment and instruments working in the deep sea must first meet the basic requirements of pressure resistance. At the same time, many working equipment that use atmospheric pressure as a reference benchmark face pressure compensation problems. For example, underwater sound source systems use atmospheric pressure as a reference. When working in deep water, it is necessary to consider a series of problems caused by changes in the atmospheric pressure reference due to the increase in external environmental pressure. Therefore, sound sources working in deep water areas face pressure compensation issues. In addition, the detection equipment on the buoy, especially the sound pressure sensor, is usually designed based on the gauge pressure with atmospheric pressure as a reference. In deep water conditions, it is also necessary to consider the compensation of the pressure reference. In addition to considering the tolerance of static pressure, deep-sea submersibles also need to consider pressure compensation issues for many instruments and equipment used in many tasks due to the diversity of tasks.

[0003] For underwater sound source equipment with a working depth of less than 100 meters, air bags can be used for sound compensation with good results. However, as the depth increases, the sound compensation ability of the gas decreases rapidly due to the increase in the degree of compression, and the compensation effect is gradually lost, resulting in the inability of the sound source to effectively send out sound signals. Therefore, the realization of deep-sea pressure compensation for low-frequency sound sources faces technical difficulties. General air bag pressure compensation can only be applied to pressure compensation in shallow sea areas within 100 meters. There are technical difficulties in deep-sea pressure compensation. Domestic and foreign countries have been exploring and researching technical solutions, and some research progress has been made. In 1976, John V. Bouyoucos applied for an invention patent in the United States. He proposed to use a hydraulically driven sound source and cleverly constructed the inner and outer cavity structures required for the reciprocating motion of the radiation plate based on the hydraulic system. The pressure was preset in the gas storage tank through the pressure pipe in the inner cavity to establish the internal and external pressure balance. This method realized the hydraulically driven sound source based on the pressure balance point of the inner and outer cavities, realized the pressure compensation and reliable operation of the deep-depth sound source, and realized the sound wave radiation of 20-100 Hz. The volume of the sound source is large. Due to the use of sound radiation under pressure balance conditions, its hydraulic system does not require too much energy consumption, but the overall size is large, and the diameter of the radiation plate is 44 inches, about 112 cm. China Shipbuilding 715 Institute also proposed an underwater sound source system based on motor drive, and made a sound source prototype, and conducted a verification test of the effective radiation sound of low-frequency sound, but its airbag compensation scheme limited its depth range in deep-sea applications. Using airbags as a compensation method can solve the problem of sound source compensation under depth conditions within 100 meters. However, as the underwater depth increases, the gas in the airbag is compressed, its rigidity becomes greater and greater, and the compressibility becomes smaller and smaller. When the sound source makes a sound, the rigid gas needs to be further compressed to ensure and realize the effective movement of its piston plate, which brings great difficulty to the design of the sound source. Taking the motor-driven sound source as an example, it may require a very high-power large motor to make the radiation plate move under certain depth conditions. At this time, it is equivalent to overcoming the effect of depth pressure through the power of the motor under conditions of almost no compensation. In this case, due to the length limit of the power supply cable and energy consumption, when the depth exceeds a certain depth, it is still impossible to achieve in engineering. Therefore, the method of using airbags for compensation at a water depth of more than 100 meters has become infeasible. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a deepwater pressure compensator design method and a compensation method thereof for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, so as to solve the pressure compensation problem of deepwater equipment such as a sound source under great depth conditions.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A design method for a deepwater pressure compensator that uses phase change points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium, characterized in that: the design method specifically comprises:

[0007] On the basis that various gases have different phase change point characteristics, based on the softening of the spring stiffness coefficient of the gas-liquid two-phase medium, a specific working medium is selected according to the correlation of the working depth of the low-frequency sound source. The working medium is composed of a plurality of compressible gases with different phase change points. By designing the working medium, a working medium with a combination of multiple phase change points that is correlated with the working depth can be controlled to be realized;

[0008] Based on better control to achieve the matching degree between the phase change point of the working medium and the working depth, the temperature control method is used to perform micro-movement control and delay stabilization of the phase change working point; when the phase change point of the working medium matches the pressure value corresponding to the seawater depth, the pressure increase caused by the radiated sound wave back pressure at the sound source will force the working medium to transform from gas to liquid;

[0009] According to the working depth range, multiple gas components are selected to form the working medium of the gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring, and the specific working medium ratio is set according to the working depth range and the phase change point control curve; the multi-phase change point step stiffness coefficient softening is realized;

[0010] Based on the phase change point setting control of the working medium and the control curve design, a deepwater pressure compensator can be designed.

[0011] A deepwater pressure compensator design method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium using phase change points. The different characteristics of the phase change points of different compressible gases are used to select the composition and ratio of the working medium, and the change of the spring stiffness of the gas-liquid two-phase medium is controlled in stages to achieve multi-step softening adjustment of the medium spring stiffness. Multiple phase change points are used to correspond to multiple working depths respectively, and the continuous working depth range is expanded by splicing multiple working depths.

[0012] A design method for a deepwater pressure compensator that uses phase change points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium. According to the different working depth ranges of underwater low-frequency sound sources, two gases with phase change points PX1 and PX2 that match the seawater static pressure values ​​corresponding to the working depth range are selected, corresponding to the working depth H1 and depth H2 respectively; if the depth range is wide, the working depth range can be expanded by selecting three or four compressed gases, and each gas can only achieve stiffness softening within a limited depth change;

[0013] Select the gas with phase change point PX1, the pressure value of its phase change point is equivalent to the static pressure value P1 at the working depth H1.

[0014] The gas with phase change point PX2 is selected, and the pressure value of the phase change point is equivalent to the static pressure value P2 of H2 at the working depth;

[0015] P2>P1, in order to keep the working medium in the gas-liquid two-phase medium state, the phase change point is selected as PX n+1 The gas is used as the backup gas, and the corresponding working depth of PX3 should be greater than the static pressure of seawater at the depth positions of H1 and H2;

[0016] Similarly, select the change point as PX n The pressure value of the phase change point of the gas is related to the working depth H n Static pressure value P n Equivalent; P n >P n-1 .

[0017] A deepwater pressure compensator design method that uses phase change points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium. When the phase change point and the depth cannot be accurately matched, the phase change point is moved up and down by temperature control to achieve a pressure match corresponding to the working depth.

[0018] A deepwater pressure compensator design method for realizing the stiffness adjustment of a gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring by using a phase change point, a phase change point control curve for softening the dielectric spring stiffness coefficient is designed, the working depth is the horizontal coordinate, the dielectric spring stiffness coefficient and the phase change point are the vertical coordinate 1 and the vertical coordinate 2 respectively, and the control point setting of the phase change point control curve for softening the dielectric spring stiffness coefficient makes the working range of the gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring be divided into one-stage gas spring, two-stage gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring, three-stage gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring, and four-stage gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring;

[0019] The second-stage gas-liquid medium spring stiffness is approximately equal to the maximum stiffness of the first-stage gas spring. The fourth-stage gas-liquid medium spring stiffness is greater than the second-stage gas-liquid medium spring stiffness and is approximately equal to the maximum stiffness of the third-stage gas spring. The fourth stage corresponds to the second working depth. The stiffness of the gas medium spring in a deep water environment can be set and adjusted through the phase change point control curve, so that the low-frequency sound source can radiate sound waves normally under deep water conditions.

[0020] A deepwater pressure compensator that uses phase change points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium, the deepwater pressure compensator comprising a compensation gas pipe 101, a sealing interface 102, a temperature control device 103, a heating device 104 and a compensation gas adjustment chamber B;

[0021] The compensation air pipe 101 is connected to the compensation air hole of the deep-sea sound source 105 through the sealing interface 102, and the other end of the compensation air pipe 101 is connected to the compensation gas regulating chamber B;

[0022] A heating device 104 is disposed outside the compensation gas regulating chamber B, and the heating device 104 is regulated by a temperature control device 103 .

[0023] A deepwater pressure compensator that uses phase change points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium, the deepwater pressure compensator also comprising a high-pressure gas storage chamber H, a differential pressure control valve F1, a pressure reducing valve G1, a differential pressure control valve F2 and a pressure reducing valve G2;

[0024] The differential pressure control valve F1 is a three-way type. The first end of the differential pressure control valve F1 is connected to the compensation gas regulating chamber B. The pressure P in the chamber is taken. B ;

[0025] The second end of the pressure differential control valve F1 is connected to the seawater outside the compensator, and the pressure P W ;

[0026] The third end of the differential pressure control valve F1 is connected to the high pressure gas storage chamber H through the pressure reducing valve G1;

[0027] The differential pressure control valve F2 is a three-way type. The first end of the differential pressure control valve F2 is connected to the compensation gas regulating chamber B. The pressure P in the chamber is taken. B ;

[0028] The second end of the pressure differential control valve F2 is connected to the seawater outside the compensator, and the pressure P W ;

[0029] The third end of the differential pressure control valve F2 is connected to the seawater outside the compensator through the pressure reducing valve G2.

[0030] A deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, using the deepwater pressure compensator according to claim 7, wherein the deepwater pressure compensation method is specifically:

[0031] Select working medium A, working medium B and working medium C with matching phase change pressure according to the working depth range;

[0032] According to the working depth range and the phase change point control curve, the control pressure value Δp1 of the differential pressure control valve G1 is selected, and the control pressure value Δp2 of the differential pressure control valve G2 is set according to the reverse pressure control;

[0033] Assemble the system; inject three kinds of high-pressure gas substances A, B and C in a certain ratio into the high-pressure gas storage chamber H, and seal the compensation system with the compensation interface of the compensated sound source. At this time, an atmospheric pressure is sealed in the compensation gas regulating chamber B;

[0034] After assembly, an atmospheric pressure is sealed in the compensation gas regulating chamber B as the initial state, and the entire system is lowered into the water by hoisting for subsequent deep-water pressure compensation.

[0035] A deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, the deepwater pressure compensation method further comprising:

[0036] When the sound source device is recovered, as the sound source device floats up, the pressure in the compensation gas regulating chamber B will be higher than the external seawater pressure, and the pressure difference control value Δp2 of the pressure difference control valve G2 is set to the opposite Δp2;

[0037] The differential pressure control valve G2 is activated to release the pressure in the compensation gas regulating chamber B through the pressure reducing valve 2. During the equipment recovery process, the internal and external pressure difference is always maintained near the set value until the equipment discharges water.

[0038] A deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium using a phase change point, wherein the control pressure value Δp1 of the selected differential pressure control valve G1 is specifically:

[0039] The selection of Δp1 needs to meet the compensator structural strength requirements and ensure that the pressure difference control value of G1 is greater than the increase or decrease value of the cavity pressure generated by the sound source radiation and back pressure;

[0040] The pressure difference control value of G1 is greater than the increase or decrease in the cavity pressure caused by the sound source radiation and back pressure, otherwise the change in cavity pressure caused by the sound source radiation will trigger G1 to start working and destroy the working point.

[0041] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0042] The present invention effectively realizes pressure compensation of equipment such as deep-sea sound sources.

[0043] The present invention can be adapted to the general method of various devices requiring depth compensation, such as sound sources working in deep water areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Attached Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0045] Attached Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the phase change point control curve of the softening of the dielectric spring stiffness coefficient of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] A design method for a deepwater pressure compensator that uses a phase change point to adjust the stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring. The gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring can adjust the stiffness of a softened pure gas dielectric spring to effectively achieve deep-sea pressure compensation. The design method is specifically as follows:

[0048] On the basis that various gases have different phase change point characteristics, based on the softening of the spring stiffness coefficient of the gas-liquid two-phase medium, a specific working medium is selected according to the correlation with the working depth of the low-frequency sound source. The working medium is composed of a plurality of compressible gases with different phase change points. By designing the working medium, a working medium with a combination of multiple phase change points that is matched with the working depth can be controlled to achieve a reasonable matching correlation between the phase change point of the working medium from gas to liquid and the working depth range;

[0049] Based on better control to achieve the matching degree between the phase change point of the working medium and the working depth, the temperature control method is used to perform micro-movement control and delay stabilization of the phase change working point; when the phase change point of the working medium matches the pressure value corresponding to the seawater depth, the pressure increase caused by the radiated sound wave back pressure at the sound source will force the working medium to transform from gas to liquid;

[0050] According to the working depth range, multiple (at least two) gas components are selected to form the working medium of the gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring, and the specific working medium ratio is set according to the working depth range and the phase change point control curve; the multi-phase change point step stiffness coefficient softening is achieved, the phase change point is stable, and the seawater static pressure value corresponding to the sound source working depth is relatively accurately moved up and down to match the fine adjustment;

[0051] Based on the phase change point setting control and control curve design of the working medium, a deepwater pressure compensator can be designed; the transformation from a compressed gas rigid spring to a gas-liquid two-phase medium spring is realized, the stiffness of the compressed gas is softened, and the purpose of sound pressure compensation is achieved.

[0052] The present invention can realize deep sound compensation in an environment of a sea depth of 200 to 300 meters or more and a sound source with an operating frequency as low as 5 Hz.

[0053] The present invention covers pressure compensation of various types of deep-sea low-frequency sound sources including those driven by motors, and can also be used for other equipment requiring pressure compensation.

[0054] A deepwater pressure compensator design method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using phase change points, wherein a working medium with multiple phase change points is composed of multiple gases with different phase change points. The different characteristics of the phase change points of different compressible gases are used to select the composition and proportion of the working medium, and the change of the spring stiffness of the gas-liquid two-phase medium is controlled in stages to achieve multi-step softening adjustment of the medium spring stiffness. Multiple phase change points are used to correspond to multiple working depths respectively, and the continuous working depth range is expanded by splicing multiple working depths.

[0055] A method for designing a deepwater pressure compensator for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium using a phase change point, wherein step 2 is specifically as follows: since the gas-liquid transformation phase change point of the gas depends on the zero-point curve, it is mainly related to pressure and temperature, and they restrict each other. Under certain temperature conditions, the pressure values ​​of the phase change points of different gas-liquid transformations are different. Therefore, according to the different working depth ranges of underwater low-frequency sound sources, two gases with phase change points of PX1 and PX2 that match the seawater static pressure values ​​corresponding to the working depth range are selected, corresponding to the working depth H1 and depth H2 respectively (the static pressures generated by seawater at different depths are different, and the working depth H1 and depth H2 correspond to pressures from P1 to P2); if the depth range is wide, the working depth range can be expanded by selecting three or four compressed gases, and each gas can only achieve stiffness softening for a limited depth change;

[0056] Select a gas with a phase transition point of PX1, whose pressure value is equivalent to the static pressure value P1 at the working depth H1 (for example, the phase transition point of carbon dioxide at room temperature is about 3.4MPa, so at 3.4MPa, corresponding to a water depth of 340 meters, liquid conversion will occur).

[0057] The gas with phase change point PX2 is selected, and the pressure value of the phase change point is equivalent to the static pressure value P2 of H2 at the working depth; P2>P1, in order to keep the working medium in the gas-liquid two-phase medium state, the phase change point is selected as PX n+1 The corresponding working depth of PX3 (when n-2) is greater than the corresponding seawater static pressure value at the depth positions of H1 and H2. The purpose is to ensure that the medium spring still has the ability to adjust the stiffness after the first gas is completely converted into liquid; and to ensure that the medium spring still has gas stiffness after the second gas is completely converted into liquid.

[0058] Similarly, for a gas with a phase transition point of PXn, the pressure value of its phase transition point is related to the working depth H. n Static pressure value P n Equivalent; P n >P n-1 .

[0059] Examples of working medium selection:

[0060] 1. Modified Freon can be selected as the first working medium. After proportioning, the phase change point PX1 of the proportioning medium is 1.8MPa. When the pressure reaches PX1, corresponding to a water depth of 180 meters, the gas begins to liquefy. Freon R 22 The phase transition point pressure value at room temperature 20℃ is 0.91MPa, and the phase transition point pressure value at 4℃ is 0.57MPa; the phase transition point pressure value can be increased by doping modification method, so that the phase transition point pressure value at 4℃ is increased to 1.8MPa.

[0061] 2. Ethane gas distribution can be selected as the second working medium, so that the phase change point pressure value of ethane gas distribution at room temperature 20°C is 3.9MPa, and the phase change point pressure value at 4°C is 2.4MPa. When the pressure reaches PX2=2.4MPa, corresponding to a water depth of 240 meters, the gas begins to liquefy.

[0062] 3. Carbon dioxide can be selected as the third working medium. The phase change point pressure value of carbon dioxide at room temperature of 20°C is 5.73MPa, and the phase change point pressure value at 4°C is 3.87MPa. When the pressure reaches PX3=3.87MPa, corresponding to a water depth of 387 meters, the gas begins to liquefy. Diborane gas can also be selected as the third working medium. The phase change point at room temperature is 4.3MPa, and the phase change point pressure value at 4°C is 3.0MPa. Therefore, at 3.0MPa, corresponding to a water depth of 300 meters, liquid conversion will occur, so carbon dioxide can be selected as the fourth working medium. The phase change point at a specific temperature is obtained according to the compressible gas critical point curve, and then the matching design and selection are carried out according to the seawater pressure corresponding to the working depth. The working medium spring composed of the corresponding gas has a spring softening effect in a wider pressure range.

[0063] A and B are Freon and carbon dioxide respectively. In the multi-step stiffness softening adjustment method of the gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring, three gases A, B, and C or four gases A, B, C, and D are selected by referring to the gas phase change point list. The phase change points of various gases are shown in the table.

[0064] List of various gas phase transition points

[0065]

[0066] A design method for a deepwater pressure compensator that uses phase change points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium. Since the phase change point of the gas is also related to temperature, the medium phase change point can be supplemented and adjusted by temperature rise and fall to achieve the working effect of assisting in adjusting the spring stiffness of the medium. This method is mainly used when the phase change point and depth cannot be accurately matched, and the temperature is used to control the phase change point to move up and down to achieve a pressure match corresponding to the working depth.

[0067] A design method for a deepwater pressure compensator using phase transition points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the phase change point control curve of the softening of the medium spring stiffness coefficient is designed, with the working depth as the horizontal coordinate, the medium spring stiffness coefficient and the phase change point (isothermal pressure value) as the vertical coordinate 1 and the vertical coordinate 2 respectively. The control point setting of the phase change point control curve of the softening of the medium spring stiffness coefficient is divided into one-stage gas spring (corresponding to the diving pressurization process), two-stage gas-liquid two-phase medium spring (corresponding to the liquid transformation of component 1 when the working depth H1 is reached), and three-stage gas spring (corresponding to the liquid transformation of component 1 when the working depth H1 is reached).1+h When the working depth is H2, but less than H2, the corresponding component 1 is completely liquefied, and when component 2 has not reached the liquefaction pressure, the size of h can be adjusted by gas capacity design to achieve the width and narrowness of this range), four-stage gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring (when the working depth H2 is reached, the corresponding component 1 is completely liquefied, and component 2 begins to transform into liquid); the stiffness of the second-stage gas-liquid dielectric spring is approximately equal to the maximum stiffness of the first-stage gas spring, and the stiffness of the fourth-stage gas-liquid dielectric spring is greater than the stiffness of the second-stage gas-liquid dielectric spring, which is approximately equal to the maximum stiffness of the third-stage gas spring, and the fourth stage corresponds to the second working depth; the stiffness of the gas dielectric spring in deep water environment can be set and adjusted through the phase change point control curve, so that the low-frequency sound source can control the stiffness of the softened compensation gas through the phase change point under deep water conditions, ensuring that the underwater low-frequency sound source can still radiate sound waves normally under environmental conditions of more than 100 meters of water depth.

[0068] A deepwater pressure compensator that uses phase change points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium, the deepwater pressure compensator comprising a compensation gas pipe 101, a sealing interface 102, a temperature control device 103, a heating device 104 and a compensation gas adjustment chamber B;

[0069] The compensation air pipe 101 is connected to the compensation air hole of the deep-sea sound source 105 through the sealing interface 102, and the other end of the compensation air pipe 101 is connected to the compensation gas adjustment chamber B; the upper end of the deep-sea sound source 105 is provided with a sound source radiation plate 106;

[0070] A heating device 104 is disposed outside the compensation gas regulating chamber B, and the heating device 104 is regulated by a temperature control device 103 .

[0071] A deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, wherein the deepwater pressure compensator further comprises a high-pressure gas storage chamber H, a differential pressure control valve F1, a pressure reducing valve G1, a differential pressure control valve F2 and a pressure reducing valve G2;

[0072] The differential pressure control valve F1 is a three-way type. The first end of the differential pressure control valve F1 is connected to the compensation gas regulating chamber B. The pressure P in the chamber is taken. B ;

[0073] The second end of the pressure differential control valve F1 is connected to the seawater outside the compensator, and the pressure P W ;

[0074] The third end of the differential pressure control valve F1 is connected to the high pressure gas storage chamber H through the pressure reducing valve G1;

[0075] The differential pressure control valve F2 is a three-way type. The first end of the differential pressure control valve F2 is connected to the compensation gas regulating chamber B. The pressure P in the chamber is taken. B ;

[0076] The second end of the pressure differential control valve F2 is connected to the seawater outside the compensator, and the pressure P W ;

[0077] The third end of the differential pressure control valve F2 is connected to the seawater outside the compensator through the pressure reducing valve G2.

[0078] A deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, using the above-mentioned deepwater pressure compensator, the deepwater pressure compensation method is specifically as follows:

[0079] Select working medium A, working medium B and working medium C with matching phase change pressure according to the working depth range;

[0080] According to the working depth range and the phase change point control curve, the control pressure value Δp1 of the differential pressure control valve G1 is selected, and the control pressure value Δp2 of the differential pressure control valve G2 is set according to the reverse pressure control;

[0081] Assemble the system; inject three kinds of high-pressure gas substances A, B and C in a certain ratio into the high-pressure gas storage chamber H, and seal the compensation system with the compensation interface of the compensated sound source. At this time, an atmospheric pressure is sealed in the compensation gas regulating chamber B;

[0082] After assembly, an atmospheric pressure is sealed in the compensation gas regulating chamber B as the initial state, and the entire system is lowered into the water by hoisting for subsequent deep-water pressure compensation.

[0083] A deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, the deepwater pressure compensation method further comprising:

[0084] When the sound source device is recovered, as the sound source device floats up, the pressure in the compensation gas regulating chamber B will be higher than the external seawater pressure. To ensure the safety of the equipment, the pressure difference control value Δp2 of the pressure difference control valve G2 is set to the opposite Δp2;

[0085] For example, when the equipment is recovered and the external pressure starts to be less than the internal pressure of the compensating gas regulating chamber B and reaches 1 atmosphere, the differential pressure control valve G2 is activated to release the pressure in the compensating gas regulating chamber B through the pressure reducing valve 2. During the equipment recovery process, the internal and external pressure difference is always maintained near the set value until the equipment discharges water.

[0086] A deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium using a phase change point, wherein the control pressure value Δp1 of the selected differential pressure control valve G1 is specifically:

[0087] The selection of Δp1 needs to meet the compensator structural strength requirements (i.e., less than the internal and external pressure difference tolerance value allowed by the structural strength); at the same time, the pressure difference control value of G1 must be greater than the increase or decrease in the cavity pressure generated by the radiation of the sound source and the back pressure;

[0088] For example, it can be determined by the difference of 1 atmospheric pressure, that is, when the external seawater pressure is greater than the pressure in the compensation gas regulating chamber B by one atmospheric pressure, the differential pressure control valve G1 opens, and the high-pressure gas storage chamber injects gas into the compensation gas regulating chamber B. At this time, the pressure in B will always be less than one atmospheric pressure of the external seawater, which will cause the depth of the phase change of gas 1 to increase by 10 meters on the basis of H1 (10 meters corresponds to 1 atmospheric pressure), so that the compensator can work accurately. The differential pressure control value of G1 needs to be minimized;

[0089] The pressure difference control value of G1 must be greater than the increase or decrease in the cavity pressure caused by the sound source radiation and back pressure, otherwise the change in cavity pressure caused by the sound source radiation will trigger G1 to start working and destroy the working point.

[0090] The working principle of sound compensation is to use the phase change point to adjust the spring stiffness of the gas-liquid two-phase phase change medium. The deep-water sound source with the compensator installed is sunk into the water. The inside of the compensation gas regulating chamber B retains an atmospheric pressure during installation. During the sinking of the sound source, as the external seawater pressure increases, a pressure difference appears inside and outside. When this pressure difference reaches the set value Δp1 (for example, 100KPa), the pressure difference control valve G1 is activated, and the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas storage chamber H is injected into the compensation gas regulating chamber B through the pressure reducing valve G1, so that the internal gas pressure is always kept lower than the external seawater pressure Δp1 (for example, 1 atmospheric pressure). When the sound source reaches the working depth H1, the internal pressure of the compensation gas regulating chamber B is P H1 -Δp1, when the sound source reaches the working depth H1+Δh, the internal pressure of the compensation gas adjustment chamber B is P H1 At this time, the sound source starts to work. At this time, the gas A inside the compensation gas regulating chamber B is at the critical phase change point. When the sound source radiation plate 106 is back-pressed, the pressure inside the gas regulating chamber B will increase or the gas pressure in the chamber will increase rapidly. Gas A begins to change from gas to liquid, and the gas spring in the chamber changes to a liquid-gas spring. Due to the softening of the spring stiffness, the pressure brought by the back pressure of the radiation sound baffle is compensated.

[0091] Secondary liquefaction design when the sound source needs to work deeper. When the sound source needs to work at a depth of H2, first, the internal and external pressure difference drives the control valve G1 to operate, and the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas storage chamber H continues to inject gas into the compensation gas regulating chamber B through the pressure reducing valve G1, so that the internal and external pressures of the sound source remain quasi-balanced, thereby maintaining the vitality of the sound source and keeping the sound source in a drivable state with a low internal and external pressure difference. At this time, the gas A in the compensation gas regulating chamber B is basically in a liquefied state. At this time, the sound source needs to start working. Since the phase change point pressure of gas B can be designed to match the static pressure at depth H2, the gas B in the compensation gas regulating chamber B is at a critical phase change point. When the sound source radiation plate is back-pressed again, the pressure inside the gas regulating chamber B will increase, and the gas pressure in the chamber will increase rapidly. Gas B begins to change from gas to liquid, and the gas-liquid spring 1 in the chamber changes to liquid-gas spring 2. Due to the softening of the spring stiffness, the pressure caused by the back pressure of the radiation sound baffle is compensated.

Claims

1. A design method for a deepwater pressure compensator that uses phase transition points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium, characterized in that: The design method is specifically as follows: On the basis that various gases have different phase change point characteristics, based on the softening of the spring stiffness coefficient of the gas-liquid two-phase medium, a specific working medium is selected according to the correlation of the working depth of the low-frequency sound source. The working medium is composed of a plurality of compressible gases with different phase change points. By designing the working medium, a working medium with a combination of multiple phase change points that is correlated with the working depth can be controlled to be realized; Based on better control to achieve the matching degree between the phase change point of the working medium and the working depth, the temperature control method is used to perform micro-movement control and delay stabilization of the phase change working point; when the phase change point of the working medium matches the pressure value corresponding to the seawater depth, the pressure increase caused by the radiated sound wave back pressure at the sound source will force the working medium to transform from gas to liquid; According to the working depth range, multiple gas components are selected to form the working medium of the gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring, and the specific working medium ratio is set according to the working depth range and the phase change point control curve; Achieve multi-phase transition point step stiffness coefficient softening; Based on the phase change point setting control of the working medium and the control curve design, a deepwater pressure compensator can be designed.

2. According to claim 1, a method for designing a deepwater pressure compensator for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, characterized in that: Taking advantage of the different characteristics of the phase change points of different compressible gases, the composition and ratio of the working medium are selected, and the change of the spring stiffness of the gas-liquid two-phase medium is controlled in stages to achieve multi-step softening adjustment of the medium spring stiffness. Multiple phase change points correspond to multiple working depths respectively, and the continuous working depth range is expanded by splicing multiple working depths.

3. According to claim 1, a method for designing a deepwater pressure compensator for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, characterized in that: According to the different working depth ranges of underwater low-frequency sound sources, two gases with phase change points PX1 and PX2 that match the seawater static pressure values ​​corresponding to the working depth range are selected, corresponding to the working depth H1 and depth H2 respectively; if the depth range is wide, the working depth range can be expanded by selecting three or four compressed gases, and each gas can only achieve stiffness softening within a limited depth change; Select the gas with phase change point PX1, the pressure value of its phase change point is equivalent to the static pressure value P1 at the working depth H1. The gas with phase change point PX2 is selected, and the pressure value of the phase change point is equivalent to the static pressure value P2 of H2 at the working depth; P2>P1, in order to keep the working medium in the gas-liquid two-phase medium state, the phase change point is selected as PX n+1 The gas is used as the backup gas, and the corresponding working depth of PX3 should be greater than the static pressure of seawater at the depth positions of H1 and H2; Similarly, select the change point as PX n The pressure value of the phase change point of the gas is related to the working depth H n Static pressure value P n Equivalent; P n >P n-1 .

4. According to claim 1, a method for designing a deepwater pressure compensator for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, characterized in that: When the phase change point and depth cannot meet the accurate matching, the phase change point is moved up and down by temperature control to achieve the pressure matching corresponding to the working depth.

5. According to claim 1, a method for designing a deepwater pressure compensator for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, characterized in that: Design a phase change point control curve for softening the stiffness coefficient of the dielectric spring, with the working depth as the horizontal coordinate, the dielectric spring stiffness coefficient and the phase change point as the vertical coordinate 1 and the vertical coordinate 2 respectively, and the control point setting of the phase change point control curve for softening the stiffness coefficient of the dielectric spring makes the working range of the gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring be divided into one-stage gas spring, two-stage gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring, three-stage gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring, and four-stage gas-liquid two-phase dielectric spring; The second-stage gas-liquid medium spring stiffness is approximately equal to the maximum stiffness of the first-stage gas spring. The fourth-stage gas-liquid medium spring stiffness is greater than the second-stage gas-liquid medium spring stiffness and is approximately equal to the maximum stiffness of the third-stage gas spring. The fourth stage corresponds to the second working depth. The stiffness of the gas medium spring in a deep water environment can be set and adjusted through the phase change point control curve, so that the low-frequency sound source can radiate sound waves normally under deep water conditions.

6. A deepwater pressure compensator that uses phase change points to adjust the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium, characterized in that: The deepwater pressure compensator is obtained by using the deepwater pressure compensator design method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, and the deepwater pressure compensator comprises a compensation gas pipe (101), a sealing interface (102), a temperature control device (103), a heating device (104) and a compensation gas regulating chamber B; The compensating air pipe (101) is connected to the compensating air hole of the deep-sea sound source (105) through a sealing interface (102), and the other end of the compensating air pipe (101) is connected to the compensating gas regulating chamber B; A heating device (104) is provided outside the compensation gas adjustment chamber B, and the heating device (104) is adjusted by a temperature control device (103).

7. The deepwater pressure compensator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The deepwater pressure compensator also includes a high-pressure air storage chamber H, a differential pressure control valve F1, a pressure reducing valve G1, a differential pressure control valve F2 and a pressure reducing valve G2; The differential pressure control valve F1 is a three-way type. The first end of the differential pressure control valve F1 is connected to the compensation gas regulating chamber B. The pressure P in the chamber is taken. B ; The second end of the pressure differential control valve F1 is connected to the seawater outside the compensator, and the pressure P W ; The third end of the differential pressure control valve F1 is connected to the high pressure gas storage chamber H through the pressure reducing valve G1; The differential pressure control valve F2 is a three-way type, and the first end of the differential pressure control valve F2 is connected to the compensation gas regulating chamber B to take the pressure PB in the chamber; The second end of the pressure differential control valve F2 is connected to the seawater outside the compensator, and the pressure P W ; The third end of the differential pressure control valve F2 is connected to the seawater outside the compensator through the pressure reducing valve G2.

8. A deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point, characterized in that: Using the deepwater pressure compensator described in claim 7, the deepwater pressure compensation method is specifically as follows: Select working medium A, working medium B and working medium C with matching phase change pressure according to the working depth range; According to the working depth range and the phase change point control curve, the control differential pressure value Δp1 of the differential pressure control valve F1 is selected, and the control differential pressure value Δp2 of the differential pressure control valve F2 is set according to the reverse pressure control; Assemble the system; inject three kinds of high-pressure gas substances A, B and C in a certain ratio into the high-pressure gas storage chamber H, and seal the compensation system with the compensation interface of the compensated sound source. At this time, an atmospheric pressure is sealed in the compensation gas regulating chamber B; After assembly, an atmospheric pressure is sealed in the compensation gas regulating chamber B as the initial state, and the entire system is lowered into the water by hoisting for subsequent deep-water pressure compensation.

9. A deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point according to claim 8, characterized in that: The deepwater pressure compensation method further comprises: When the sound source device is recovered, as the sound source device floats up, the pressure in the compensation gas regulating chamber B will be higher than the external seawater pressure, and the pressure difference control value Δp2 of the pressure difference control valve F2 is set to the opposite Δp2; The pressure differential control valve F2 is activated to release the pressure in the compensation gas regulating chamber B through the pressure reducing valve G2. During the equipment recovery process, the internal and external pressure differential is always maintained near the set value until the equipment discharges water.

10. The deepwater pressure compensation method for adjusting the spring stiffness of a gas-liquid two-phase medium by using a phase change point according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control pressure value Δp1 of the selective pressure differential control valve F1 is specifically: The selection of the control pressure value Δp1 of the differential pressure control valve F1 needs to meet the compensator structural strength requirements and meet the requirement that the differential pressure control value of the differential pressure control valve F1 is greater than the increase or decrease value of the cavity pressure generated by the radiation of the sound source and the back pressure; The pressure difference control value of the pressure difference control valve F1 is greater than the increase or decrease in the cavity pressure caused by the sound source radiation and back pressure, otherwise the change in cavity pressure caused by the sound source radiation will trigger the pressure difference control valve F1 to start working and destroy the working point.

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