A portable direct-reading pressure type speed measuring rod with automatic positioning of measuring point water depth

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of pressure type portable direct-reading speed measuring rod of automatic positioning of measuring point water depth, solve the problem that traditional motorized measuring point water depth positioning mode needs to measure water depth first and then conversion, time-consuming and laborious and easy to make mistake.The device is provided with parallel fixed rack and lifting movable rack on the pole body, and is also provided with lifting adjusting shaft on the pole body, is provided with large gear meshing with fixed rack and small gear meshing with lifting movable rack on the lifting adjusting shaft, and the ratio of the diameter of large gear and the diameter of small gear is 5:3;Lifting movable rack is fixedly connected with right-angle pressure pipe, right-angle pressure pipe is L-shaped pipe, the bottom pipe of right-angle pressure pipe is horizontal and flush with the bottom end of lifting movable rack, vertical pipe is vertically arranged and parallel with lifting movable rack;When lifting adjusting shaft is lowered to the bottom end of pole body, the bottom pipe of right-angle pressure pipe is also lowered to the bottom end of pole body.The present application can be used in the water area where water depth is not more than 2 meters to position and measure speed relatively fast, is simple to use, and is suitable for portable motorized use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrological mobile surveying, and relates to hydrological mobile speed measuring tools, and in particular to a pressure-type portable direct-reading speed measuring rod for automatic positioning of water depth at measuring points. Background Technology

[0002] In natural river channels, the distribution of vertical flow velocities varies, and the flow velocity at a relative depth of 0.6 generally represents the average variation of vertical flow velocity. According to the "Specification for River Flow Measurement (GB50179-2015)," when using the single-point method for velocity measurement, the ratio of the water depth at the underwater measuring point to the actual water depth at that location should be 0.6, meaning the velocity measuring point should be located at a relative water depth of 0.6.

[0003] Calculating the vertical average velocity by measuring the flow velocity at a point with a relative water depth of 0.6 is a common and efficient method for conducting flow velocity measurements. Currently, traditional methods for locating the water depth at a measuring point are based on the principle of first measuring the water depth at that location and then lowering the instrument to the calculated relative water depth of 0.6. Because this requires prior water depth measurement and conversion, it is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to errors, especially during periods of rapid water level fluctuations in flood season, which can delay the measurement opportunity. If a pre-measured water depth is used to save time, it often results in poor water depth location accuracy, affecting the precision of the flow measurement.

[0004] Economic and social development and disaster prevention and mitigation efforts place higher demands on the timeliness, portability, and ease of operation of hydrological mobile surveying devices. Traditional methods of locating water depth at measurement points have significant drawbacks, which greatly restrict the iterative upgrading of mobile flow velocity surveying devices. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a mobile flow velocity surveying device that can automatically locate measurement points, is portable and requires no installation, and is easy to operate.

[0005] The applicant's prior patent application, number 2021100402527, disclosed a relative water depth self-propelled positioning device. This device can use changes in water level to drive a flow sensor to automatically adjust to a position with a relative water depth of 0.6. However, this device requires a fixed support for buoyancy guidance and is suitable for fixed installations at fixed hydrological points. Such fixed-installation self-propelled water depth devices cannot be widely used, especially in southern regions with numerous small and medium-sized rivers. During floods, it is necessary to test temporary waterlogged areas, requiring emergency mobile testing methods as a supplement. Furthermore, during the dry season, the flow of small and medium-sized rivers often narrows, frequently causing devices fixed on the bank to remain above water and unable to perform measurements. Since the water depth in small and medium-sized rivers is often shallow during the dry season, it is more suitable to complete the measurements by manual wading or using small boats. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that traditional water depth positioning methods require measuring the water depth first and then converting it, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to errors. The invention provides a pressure-type portable direct-reading velocity measuring rod for automatic water depth positioning. It can locate measuring points with a relative water depth of 0.6 meters in water depths not exceeding 2 meters. It uses the principle of stationary pressure for velocity measurement, and the test results can be read directly, improving the efficiency of mobile flow velocity testing. It is especially suitable for mobile, rapid, multi-point testing in shallow rivers and temporary water accumulation areas during floods.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a pressure-type portable direct-reading speed measuring rod for automatic positioning of water depth at measuring points, comprising a rod body, on which are provided a fixed rack and a lifting movable rack that are parallel to each other, and a slide rail parallel to the fixed rack on the rod body, on which is provided a lifting adjustment shaft, on which are provided a large gear that meshes with the fixed rack and a small gear that meshes with the lifting movable rack, the ratio of the diameter of the large gear to the diameter of the small gear being 5:3; a right-angle pressure measuring tube is fixedly connected to the lifting movable rack, the right-angle pressure measuring tube being an L-shaped tube, the bottom tube of the right-angle pressure measuring tube being horizontal and flush with the bottom end of the lifting movable rack, and the vertical tube being vertically set and parallel to the lifting movable rack; when the lifting adjustment shaft descends to the bottom end of the rod body, the bottom tube of the right-angle pressure measuring tube also descends to the bottom end of the rod body; a reading bar for reading the water level difference of the vertical tube of the right-angle pressure measuring tube is also provided on the side of the rod body.

[0008] This device is suitable for mobile testing in shallow rivers and areas temporarily flooded by typhoons or heavy rains. Measurements can be taken manually in water depths not exceeding 1.2 meters, and by inflatable boat in water depths not exceeding 2 meters. This measuring pole requires no electric or electronic components and no power supply, allowing for manual measurement even in extreme conditions without power. The pole body is detachable and secured with bolts, facilitating the assembly and disassembly of the internal structure. When put into use, place the bottom of the rod at the desired test point in the water flow. Manually adjust the lifting shaft until its center is flush with the water surface. Initially, when the bottom tube of the right-angled piezometer is at the bottom of the rod, the lifting shaft is also at the bottom. When the shaft is flush with the water surface, the distance the large gear moves on the fixed rack is the water depth D. The distance d the small gear moves on the movable rack satisfies d:D = 3:5, i.e., d = 0.6D. Therefore, when the lifting shaft is flush with the water surface, the inlet of the right-angled piezometer automatically positions itself at a relative water depth of 0.6. At this point, facing the inlet of the right-angled piezometer towards the direction of the water flow, the flow velocity at a relative water depth of 0.6 can be calculated using the difference in water level between the inside and outside of the right-angled piezometer. A sliding guide structure is provided between the movable rack and the rod, facilitating the cooperation of the slide rail and the slider.

[0009] Preferably, the rod body is a hollow rod body, and the fixed rack and the lifting movable rack are arranged side by side inside the rod body.

[0010] Preferably, the right-angle pressure measuring tube is a transparent tube body, and a reading plate, which moves synchronously with the lifting adjustment shaft, is provided on the side of the rod body. The reading plate is a transparent plate and is located on one side of the right-angle pressure measuring tube. The reading plate is marked with reading bars, and the zero point of the reading bars is aligned with the axis of the lifting adjustment shaft. The reading plate moves synchronously with the lifting adjustment shaft. When the lifting adjustment shaft is aligned with the water surface, the zero point of the reading plate is also aligned with the water surface, allowing direct reading of the internal water level height of the right-angle pressure measuring tube, which is the difference between the internal and external water levels.

[0011] Preferably, the right-angle pressure measuring tube lifting and lowering movable rack is integrally formed, that is, one side of the right-angle pressure measuring tube is toothed to form the lifting and lowering movable rack.

[0012] Preferably, the pitch ratio of the fixed rack and the lifting rack is 5:3, and the pitch ratio of the large gear and the small gear is 5:3.

[0013] Preferably, the slides are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the rod body, with one side of the slide being closed and the other side of the slide penetrating through the side wall of the rod body. One end of the lifting adjustment shaft extends from the side of the slide penetrating through and is connected to a hand crank.

[0014] Preferably, during use, the bottom of the rod is lowered to the bottom of the water at the measuring point, the lifting adjustment shaft is adjusted to be level with the water surface, the opening of the right-angle piezometer tube is oriented towards the direction of water flow, and the water level difference Δh between the inside and outside of the right-angle piezometer tube is read. The flow velocity u at the relative water depth of 0.6 meters at the measuring point can then be calculated.

[0015]

[0016] in, The correction factor is related to the construction, size, and surface smoothness of the right-angle pressure gauge tube, and is calibrated through testing.

[0017] Preferably, the reading bars are labeled with flow velocity values ​​corresponding to the water level differences. Directly converting and labeling the water level differences and flow velocity values ​​can eliminate the need for manual calculations.

[0018] Preferably, the upper and lower ends of the rod are provided with baffles to prevent the bottom tube of the right-angle pressure measuring tube and the lifting adjustment shaft from disengaging from the upper and lower ends.

[0019] This invention requires no power supply and can be used manually to complete the test under extreme conditions without power. It is simple to use and eliminates a series of complex conversion processes such as water depth measurement and relative water depth conversion. It is not easy to make mistakes even when operating under fatigue during emergency rescue, and is especially suitable for emergency portable use in emergency situations. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a rod according to the present invention.

[0023] 1. Rod body, 2. Fixed rack, 3. Lifting and lowering rack, 4. Lifting and lowering adjustment shaft, 5. Large gear, 6. Small gear, 7. Slide rail, 8. Hand crank, 9. Right angle pressure measuring tube, 10. Reading plate, 11. Reading bar, 12. Stop bar. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0025] Example: A pressure-type portable direct-reading speed measuring rod for automatic positioning of water depth at measuring points, such as... Figure 1 , 2 As shown. This device includes a rod 1, which is a hollow rod. The inner side of the rod 1 has a fixed rack 2 and a lifting rack 3 arranged parallel to each other. A sliding guide structure is provided between the lifting rack 3 and the rod, which can be used for the cooperation of a slide rail and a slider. The rod 1 also has a slide rail 7 parallel to the fixed rack. A lifting adjustment shaft 4 is provided on the slide rail. The lifting adjustment shaft has a large gear 5 that meshes with the fixed rack and a small gear 6 that meshes with the lifting rack. The ratio of the diameter of the large gear to the diameter of the small gear is 5:3; the tooth pitch ratio of the fixed rack and the lifting rack is 5:3; and the tooth pitch ratio of the large gear to the small gear is 5:3. The slide rails 7 are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the rod 1. One side of the slide rail is closed, and the other side of the slide rail extends through the side wall of the rod. One end of the lifting adjustment shaft 4 extends from the side of the slide rail that extends through and is connected to a hand crank 8. The upper and lower ends of the rod 1 are equipped with baffles 12 that restrict the bottom tube of the right-angle pressure measuring tube and the lifting adjustment shaft from disengaging from the upper and lower ends.

[0026] The lifting rack 3 is fixedly connected to a right-angle pressure measuring tube 9. The two can be integrally formed, meaning one side wall of the right-angle pressure measuring tube can be directly toothed to form the lifting rack 3; alternatively, they can be fixed by adhesive or screws. The right-angle pressure measuring tube 9 is an L-shaped tube, with its bottom tube horizontal and flush with the bottom end of the lifting rack, and its vertical tube vertical and parallel to the lifting rack. When the lifting adjustment shaft 4 descends to the bottom end of the rod body, the bottom tube of the right-angle pressure measuring tube 9 also descends to the bottom end of the rod body 1. The right-angle pressure measuring tube 9 is a transparent tube. A reading plate 10, which rises and falls synchronously with the lifting adjustment shaft 4, is provided on the side of the rod body 1. The reading plate 10 is transparent and located on one side of the right-angle pressure measuring tube. Reading bars 11 are marked on the reading plate, and the zero point of the reading bars 11 is flush with the axis of the lifting adjustment shaft 4. The slide also includes a groove for the reading plate to rise and fall.

[0027] When put into use, place the bottom of the rod at the bottom of the water where the test point is to be located. Manually adjust the lifting shaft until its center is flush with the water surface. Initially, when the bottom tube of the right-angled piezometer is at the bottom of the rod, the lifting shaft is also at the bottom. When the shaft is flush with the water surface, the distance the large gear moves on the fixed rack is the water depth D. The distance d the small gear moves on the movable rack satisfies d:D = 3:5, or d = 0.6D. Therefore, when the lifting shaft is flush with the water surface, the inlet of the right-angled piezometer automatically positions itself at a relative water depth of 0.6. Figure 2 As shown, by reading the water level difference Δh between the inside and outside of the right-angle piezometer, the flow velocity u at the 0.6 relative water depth of the measuring point can be calculated.

[0028]

[0029] in, The correction coefficient is related to the construction, size, and surface smoothness of the right-angle piezometer and has been calibrated experimentally. Utilizing the correlation between flow velocity u and water level difference Δh, the flow velocity value can be directly marked on the reading bar for convenient reading of flow velocity data.

Claims

1. A portable pressure type direct reading speed measuring rod with automatic positioning of the measuring point water depth, comprising a rod body, characterized in that: The rod body is provided with a fixed rack and a lifting movable rack parallel to each other, and is further provided with a slide parallel to the fixed rack, the slide is provided with a lifting adjusting shaft, the lifting adjusting shaft is provided with a large gear engaged with the fixed rack and a small gear engaged with the lifting movable rack, the diameter ratio of the large gear to the small gear is 5:3; the lifting movable rack is fixedly connected with a right-angle pressure measuring pipe, the right-angle pressure measuring pipe is an L-shaped pipe, the bottom pipe of the right-angle pressure measuring pipe is horizontal and flush with the bottom end of the lifting movable rack, and the vertical pipe is vertically arranged and parallel to the lifting movable rack; when the lifting adjusting shaft is lowered to the bottom end of the rod body, the bottom pipe of the right-angle pressure measuring pipe is also lowered to the bottom end of the rod body; the rod body is further provided with a reading bar for reading the water level difference of the vertical pipe of the right-angle pressure measuring pipe; The right-angle pressure measuring pipe is a transparent pipe body, the rod body is provided with a reading plate synchronously raised and lowered with the lifting adjusting shaft, the reading plate is a transparent plate arranged on one side of the right-angle pressure measuring pipe, and the reading plate is provided with a reading bar marked thereon, the zero point of the reading bar is flush with the axis of the lifting adjusting shaft; In use, the bottom end of the rod is lowered to the bottom of the measuring point, the lifting adjustment shaft is adjusted to the water level, the bottom pipe opening of the right-angle pressure pipe is directed to the water flow direction, and the water level difference inside and outside the right-angle pressure pipe is read The relative water depth of the measuring point at the 0.6 position can be calculated is ； wherein, The correction coefficient is related to the structure, size and surface smoothness of the right-angle pressure measuring tube. The reading bar is marked with the flow rate value corresponding to the water level difference through test calibration. The pitch ratio of the fixed rack to the lifting movable rack is 5:3, and the pitch ratio of the large gear to the small gear is 5:3; When in use, the bottom of the rod body is placed at the bottom of water at a point where the water depth needs to be measured, the lifting adjusting shaft is manually adjusted, and the axis center of the lifting adjusting shaft is just flush with the water surface, because in the initial state, when the bottom pipe of the right-angle pressure measuring pipe is located at the bottom of the rod body, the lifting adjusting shaft is also located at the bottom of the rod body, when the axis center of the lifting adjusting shaft is just flush with the water surface, the moving distance of the large gear on the fixed rack is the water depth D, and the moving distance d of the small gear on the lifting movable rack satisfies d:D=3:5, i.e. d=0.6D; therefore, when the lifting adjusting shaft is flush with the water surface, the water inlet of the bottom pipe of the right-angle pressure measuring pipe is automatically located at a position with a relative water depth of 0.

6.

2. The pressure type portable direct reading velocity pole with automatic positioning of the measuring point depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod body is a hollow rod body, and the fixed rack and the lifting movable rack are arranged side by side in the rod body.

3. The pressure type portable direct reading velocity pole with automatic positioning of the measuring point depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right-angle pressure measuring pipe and the lifting movable rack are integrally formed, i.e. one side surface of the right-angle pressure measuring pipe is toothed to form the lifting movable rack.

4. The pressure type portable direct reading velocity pole with automatic positioning of the measuring point depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slides are oppositely arranged on both sides of the rod body, one slide is closed, and the other slide penetrates the side wall of the rod body, one end of the lifting adjusting shaft extends from the slide penetration side and is connected with a hand lever.

5. The pressure type portable direct reading velocity pole with automatic positioning of the measuring point depth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod body is provided with a blocking strip at the upper and lower ends to prevent the right-angle pressure measuring pipe and the lifting adjusting shaft from being pulled out from the upper and lower ends.

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