A wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte and its preparation method and application, which belongs to the field of battery technology. The composite transparent solid electrolyte includes a lithium salt, an epoxysilane base material, a plasticizer and a wood chip. By mass fraction, the content of the lithium salt is 1-20%, the content of the epoxysilane base material is 10-90%, the content of the plasticizer is 1-20%, and the content of the wood chip is 10-80%. Its preparation method is that the wood is sliced, delignified, dehydrated and replaced, and then composited with a lithium salt, an epoxysilane base material, and a plasticizer, and cured to obtain a flexible wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte. The present invention prepares a wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte with an organic-inorganic hybrid structure by a method of photoinduced polymerization, which solves the problems of low safety and flammability of liquid electrolytes, and at the same time solves the problem of low ion conductivity of existing solid electrolytes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and in particular relates to a wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention, and should not necessarily be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0003] Electrolytes are important components of electrochemical devices such as batteries and capacitors, and play a decisive role in their performance and long-term stability. At present, the electrolytes of lithium secondary batteries are mainly composed of organic solvents and lithium salts, collectively referred to as liquid electrolytes. However, liquid electrolytes have safety hazards such as easy fire, explosion, and leakage. In addition, organic solvents are easy to volatilize at high temperatures and may react with other components, thereby shortening the service life of electrochemical devices. In recent years, there have been accidents such as combustion and explosion in electric vehicles, which is mainly due to the instability of liquid electrolytes. Defects such as the instability of liquid electrolyte electrochemical elements have seriously restricted the development of lithium secondary batteries.

[0004] All-solid-state batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their good safety and stability. Compared with traditional lithium batteries, the use of solid electrolytes instead of liquid electrolytes and separators fundamentally changes the properties of the electrolyte and can better avoid the above problems. However, the room temperature ionic conductivity of polymer solid electrolytes is low, which limits their practical application.

[0005] Lignocellulosic materials have attracted extensive attention due to their advantages such as being renewable, low cost, degradable, and insulating. There is broad research prospect in applying them to the field of electrochemical components. Wood, as a major lignocellulosic material, has a multi-scale porous structure and has been used to prepare a variety of functional materials. There have been many research reports on wood electrode materials formed by the composite of wood with polypyrrole, polyaniline or graphene. However, there are no reports on wood-based solid electrolytes, mainly because natural wood has a certain brittleness, is prone to cracking, and has low ionic conductivity, which leads to a decrease in electrolyte performance after multiple bending, limiting its application. Therefore, the art is in urgent need of a biomass composite solid electrolyte with excellent performance and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wood-epoxy silane composite transparent solid electrolyte and its preparation method and application. The preparation method of the electrolyte provided by the present invention is simple and safe, low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and improves the safety and environmental friendliness of secondary energy storage components.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] On the one hand, a wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte includes a lithium salt, an epoxysilane-based material, a plasticizer and a wood chip. Calculated by mass fraction, the content of the lithium salt is 1 to 20%, the content of the epoxysilane-based material is 10 to 90%, the content of the plasticizer is 1 to 20%, and the content of the wood chip is 10 to 80%.

[0009] On the other hand, the method for preparing the above-mentioned wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte comprises the following steps:

[0010] 1) Slice the wood vertically or parallel to the growth direction of the tree to obtain wood slices;

[0011] The wood chips are sequentially subjected to delignification treatment and dehydration and replacement treatment to obtain dehydrated delignified wood chips;

[0012] 2) mixing and heating an epoxy silane-based material, a plasticizer and an alkaline solution with a pH value greater than 8 to obtain a transparent viscous liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the alkaline solution to the plasticizer and the epoxy silane-based material is 1:(1-10):(10-30), the reaction temperature is 50-100° C., and the reaction time is 1-10 hours;

[0013] The transparent viscous liquid is mixed with a diluent, a photoinitiator and a lithium salt to obtain a mixed solution;

[0014] 3) dipping the dehydrated and delignified wood chips obtained in step 1) into the mixed solution obtained in step 2) to obtain a wood-epoxysilane composite material; curing the composite material under ultraviolet light to obtain a wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte;

[0015] Thirdly, the application of the above-mentioned wood-epoxy silane composite transparent solid electrolyte in all-solid-state batteries, microelectronic devices, wearable batteries, and capacitors.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte of the present invention is mainly composed of wood pieces, epoxysilane-based materials, and plasticizers, all of which contain a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups, which are conducive to the rapid conduction of lithium ions and can improve the room temperature ionic conductivity value of polymer solid electrolyte materials. The wood pieces have porous structures of different scales and are conducive to the passage of lithium ions. Wood has good mechanical properties, can enhance the mechanical strength of solid electrolyte materials, inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites, prevent being pierced by lithium dendrites, and improve the safety of batteries. In addition, after epoxysilane and wood are composited, an organic-inorganic hybrid molecular structure is obtained, so that the above-mentioned wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte has the characteristics of flexibility and high hardness. At the same time, epoxysilane contains a large amount of silicon elements and has good thermal stability and flame retardancy, is difficult to continue to burn, and can adapt to a working environment with a high temperature (180°C and above), which greatly improves the safety performance of the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte and the all-solid-state lithium secondary battery based on this electrolyte material, while the working temperature of other types of polymer solid electrolyte materials is currently below 100°C.

[0018] The preparation process of the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte of the present invention is simple and safe, low-cost, low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and improves the safety and environmental friendliness of secondary energy storage components. At the same time, the prepared solid electrolyte membrane has a high room temperature ionic conductivity and is suitable for large-scale production and promotion. In addition, the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte of the present invention also has good transparency and flexibility, and provides the potential possibility of application in human wearable devices for all-solid-state batteries and microelectronic devices based on this solid electrolyte material, and has broad application prospects in the fields of photoelectrochemical energy storage components, especially wearable batteries, capacitors, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is the infrared curve of the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 The AC impedance curves of the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolytes prepared in Examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 The thermogravimetric curves of the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte prepared in Examples 1, 2 and 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] In view of the fact that natural wood has a certain degree of brittleness, is prone to cracking, and has low ionic conductivity, resulting in a decrease in electrolyte performance after multiple bending, which limits its application in solid electrolytes, the present invention proposes a wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte and its preparation method and application.

[0026] A typical embodiment of the present invention provides a wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte, comprising a lithium salt, an epoxysilane-based material, a plasticizer and a wood chip, wherein, by mass fraction, the content of the lithium salt is 1 to 20%, the content of the epoxysilane-based material is 10 to 90%, the content of the plasticizer is 1 to 20%, and the content of the wood chip is 10 to 80%.

[0027] Both epoxy silane and wood contain a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups, which are conducive to the rapid conduction of lithium ions. The synergistic effect between lithium salts, wood chips, plasticizers and epoxy silane-based materials can improve the room temperature ionic conductivity of solid electrolyte materials. In addition, the porous structure of wood is conducive to the passage of lithium ions. The strength of wood can inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites and prevent lithium dendrites from piercing, thereby increasing the service life of the electrolyte and enhancing the mechanical strength of the solid electrolyte. The organic-inorganic hybrid molecular structure formed by the composite of epoxy silane and wood gives the solid electrolyte bendability and high hardness.

[0028] In some examples of this embodiment, the lithium salt is one or more of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonyl imide, lithium bisfluorosulfonyl imide, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate and lithium perchlorate trihydrate.

[0029] In some embodiments of this embodiment, the epoxysilane-based material includes γ-(2,3-epoxypropyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropyloxy)propyltriethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropyloxy)propylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropyloxy)propylmethyldimethoxysilane, (2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl)trimethoxysilane, (2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl)triethoxysilane and one or more mixtures of their blends and copolymers.

[0030] In some examples of this embodiment, the wood chips include one or more of balsa wood chips, poplar wood chips, spruce chips, paulownia chips and basswood chips. The thickness of the wood chips is 10-2000 μm, preferably 10-200 μm.

[0031] In some examples of this embodiment, the plasticizer is a mixture of one or more of dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, di(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, polyethylene oxide, and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0032] Another typical embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte, comprising the following steps:

[0033] 1) Slice the wood vertically or parallel to the growth direction of the tree to obtain wood slices;

[0034] The wood chips are sequentially subjected to delignification treatment and dehydration and replacement treatment to obtain dehydrated delignified wood chips;

[0035] 2) mixing and heating an epoxy silane-based material, a plasticizer and an alkaline solution with a pH value greater than 8 to obtain a transparent viscous liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the alkaline solution to the plasticizer to the epoxy silane-based material is 1:1-10:10-30, the reaction temperature is 50-100°C, and the reaction time is 1-10h;

[0036] The transparent viscous liquid is mixed with a diluent, a photoinitiator and a lithium salt to obtain a mixed solution;

[0037] 3) dipping the dehydrated and delignified wood chips obtained in step 1) into the mixed solution obtained in step 2) to obtain a wood-epoxy silane composite material; curing the wood-epoxy silane composite material under ultraviolet light to obtain a wood-epoxy silane composite transparent solid electrolyte.

[0038] The epoxysilane-based material, the plasticizer and the alkaline solution are mixed and heated, and the epoxysilane-based material undergoes self-polymerization and plasticization reaction to obtain a transparent viscous liquid.

[0039] In some examples of this embodiment, in step 1), the wood is one of balsa, poplar, spruce, paulownia and basswood;

[0040] The thickness of the wood chip is 10-2000 μm, preferably 10-200 μm.

[0041] In some examples of this embodiment, in step 1), the delignification treatment is: subjecting the wood chips to delignification treatment in a mixed solution of one or more of a sodium chlorite solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium sulfite solution or a hydrogen peroxide solution.

[0042] In some examples of this embodiment, in step 1), the dehydration replacement treatment is: washing the delignified wood chips with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol respectively, preferably, washing 3-5 times; and then performing replacement treatment with acetone, preferably, replacing for 2-48 hours, preferably 5-15 hours.

[0043] In some examples of this embodiment, in step 2), the diluent includes acetone and methyl ethyl ketone;

[0044] The mass ratio of the transparent viscous liquid, the diluent, the photoinitiator and the lithium salt is 100:40-70:1-5:5-50.

[0045] In some examples of this embodiment, in step 2), stirring is performed for 50-250 min.

[0046] In some examples of this embodiment, in step 3), the impregnation is: impregnation at normal pressure for 2-8 hours, followed by vacuum impregnation for 1-3 hours.

[0047] In some examples of this embodiment, in step 3), the curing time is 20-200 minutes.

[0048] The third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the above-mentioned wood-epoxy silane composite transparent solid electrolyte in all-solid-state batteries, microelectronic devices, wearable batteries, and capacitors.

[0049] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] A wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte comprises lithium salt, epoxysilane base material, plasticizer and wood chips. Calculated by mass fraction, the content of lithium salt is 5%, the content of epoxysilane base material is 60%, the content of plasticizer is 5%, and the content of wood chips is 30%.

[0052] The wood chips are balsa wood chips, the lithium salt is lithium tetrafluoroborate, the epoxysilane matrix material is (2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl)trimethoxysilane, and the plasticizer is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0053] The method for preparing the above-mentioned wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte comprises the following steps:

[0054] 1) Slicing the balsa sapwood parallel to the growth direction of the tree to obtain balsa wood slices, the wood slices having a thickness of 50 μm and a length and width of 2 cm×2 cm;

[0055] 2) soaking the wood chips obtained in step 1) in a sodium chlorite solution with a mass fraction of 0.1%, the solvent being an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution with a pH of 4.5, at 80 degrees Celsius for 4 hours to obtain delignified balsa wood chips;

[0056] 3) washing the delignified balsa wood chips obtained in step 2) with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol for three times respectively, and then performing a displacement treatment with acetone for 12 hours to obtain dehydrated delignified balsa wood chips;

[0057] 4) adding 24.64 g of (2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl)trimethoxysilane, 5 g of polyvinyl alcohol and 2.75 g of an alkaline solution with a pH greater than 8 into a flask, reacting at 80 degrees Celsius for 4 hours to obtain a transparent viscous liquid;

[0058] 5) adding the viscous liquid obtained in step 4) into a flask with acetone, a photoinitiator, and lithium tetrafluoroborate in a ratio of 100:50:2:8 (mass ratio), and stirring for 2 hours to obtain a polymer lithium salt blend solution;

[0059] 6) soaking the dehydrated delignified balsa wood chips obtained in step 3 in the polymer lithium salt blend solution described in step 5) for 3 hours, and then immersing in a vacuum tank for 1 hour to obtain a wood-epoxy silane composite material;

[0060] 7) The wood-epoxy silane composite material obtained in step 6) is taken out, pressed with two pieces of acrylic, and cured under ultraviolet light for 60 minutes to obtain a flexible wood-epoxy silane composite transparent solid electrolyte.

[0061] The infrared results of the prepared flexible wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte are as follows Figure 1 As shown, the composite material has an organic-inorganic hybrid structure and thus has both flexibility and good surface hardness. Figure 2 The room temperature AC impedance of wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte shows that the electrolyte has good electrochemical properties. Figure 3This is the thermogravimetric curve of the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte, which shows that the electrolyte has good thermal stability and a wide operating temperature range.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] A wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte comprises lithium salt, epoxysilane base material, plasticizer and wood chips. Calculated by mass fraction, the content of lithium salt is 10%, the content of epoxysilane base material is 45%, the content of plasticizer is 5%, and the content of wood chips is 40%.

[0064] The wood chips are poplar wood chips, the lithium salt is lithium tetrafluoroborate, the epoxysilane matrix material is (γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, and the plasticizer is polyethylene oxide.

[0065] The method for preparing the above-mentioned wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte comprises the following steps:

[0066] 1) Slicing the poplar sapwood parallel to the growth direction of the tree to obtain poplar wood slices, the thickness of the wood slices being 100 μm and the length and width being 2 cm×2 cm;

[0067] 2) soaking the wood chips obtained in step 1) in a sodium chlorite solution with a mass fraction of 0.1%, the solvent being an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution with a pH of 4.5, at 80 degrees Celsius for 8 hours to obtain delignified poplar wood chips;

[0068] 3) washing the delignified poplar wood chips obtained in step 2) with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol for three times respectively, and then performing a displacement treatment with acetone for 12 hours to obtain dehydrated delignified poplar wood chips;

[0069] 4) adding 24.64 g of γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, 5 g of polyethylene oxide and 2.75 g of an alkaline solution with a pH greater than 8 into a reaction vessel, reacting at 70 degrees Celsius for 3 hours to obtain a transparent viscous liquid;

[0070] 5) Add the viscous liquid obtained in step 4) into a flask with acetone, photoinitiator, and lithium tetrafluoroborate in a ratio of 100:60:3:20, and stir for 2 hours to obtain a polymer lithium salt blend solution.

[0071] 6) soaking the poplar wood chips obtained in step 3 in the polymer lithium salt blend solution obtained in step 5) for 4 hours, and then immersing them in a vacuum tank for 1 hour to obtain a wood-epoxy silane composite material;

[0072] 7) The wood-epoxy silane composite material obtained in step 6) is taken out, pressed with two pieces of glass, and cured under ultraviolet light for 90 minutes to obtain a flexible wood-epoxy silane composite transparent solid electrolyte.

[0073] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte prepared in Example 2 also has good flexibility. Electrochemical tests show that the room temperature AC impedance curve is similar to that of Example 1, and also exhibits good electrochemical properties and thermal stability.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] A wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte comprises lithium salt, epoxysilane base material, plasticizer and wood chips, wherein by mass fraction, the content of lithium salt is 20%, the content of epoxysilane base material is 40%, the content of plasticizer is 5% and the content of wood chips is 35%.

[0076] The wood chips are spruce wood chips, the lithium salt is lithium perchlorate trihydrate, the epoxysilane base material is (γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, and the plasticizer is di-n-butyl phthalate.

[0077] A method for preparing a wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte comprises the following steps:

[0078] 1) Slice the spruce sapwood parallel to the growth direction of the tree to obtain spruce wood slices with a thickness of 50 μm and a length and width of 3 cm×2 cm;

[0079] 2) soaking the spruce wood chips obtained in step 1) in a mixed solution of 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution and 0.1 mol / L sodium sulfite, and treating at 100 degrees Celsius for 12 hours to obtain delignified spruce wood chips;

[0080] 3) washing the delignified spruce wood chips obtained in step 2) with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol for three times respectively, and then performing a displacement treatment with methyl ethyl ketone for 12 hours to obtain dehydrated delignified spruce wood chips;

[0081] 4) adding 24.64 g of γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, 5 g of di-n-butyl phthalate and 2.75 g of an alkaline solution with a pH greater than 8 into a reaction vessel, reacting at 90 degrees Celsius for 6 hours to obtain a transparent viscous liquid;

[0082] 5) adding the viscous liquid obtained in step 4) and methyl ethyl ketone, a photoinitiator, and lithium perchlorate trihydrate into a flask in a ratio of 100:60:3:40 (mass ratio), and stirring for 4 hours to obtain a polymer lithium salt blend solution;

[0083] 6) soaking the spruce wood pieces obtained in step 3 in the polymer lithium salt blend solution obtained in step 5) for 4 hours, and then immersing them in a vacuum tank for 2 hours to obtain a wood-epoxy silane composite material;

[0084] 7) The wood-epoxy silane composite material obtained in step 6) is taken out, pressed with two pieces of glass, and cured under ultraviolet light for 120 minutes to obtain a wood-epoxy silane composite transparent solid electrolyte.

[0085] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the wood-epoxy silane composite transparent solid electrolyte prepared in Example 3 also has good flexibility. Electrochemical and thermal performance tests show that the wood-epoxy silane composite transparent solid electrolyte prepared in this example also exhibits good electrochemical properties and thermal stability.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Slice the wood vertically or parallel to the growth direction of the tree to obtain wood slices; The wood chips are sequentially subjected to delignification treatment and dehydration and displacement treatment to obtain dehydrated delignified wood chips; 2) mixing and heating an epoxy silane-based material, a plasticizer and an alkaline solution with a pH value greater than 8 to obtain a transparent viscous liquid, wherein the mass ratio of the alkaline solution to the plasticizer to the epoxy silane-based material is 1:1-10:10-30, the reaction temperature is 50-100°C, and the reaction time is 1-10h; The transparent viscous liquid is mixed with a diluent, a photoinitiator and a lithium salt to obtain a mixed solution; 3) dipping the dehydrated and delignified wood chips obtained in step 1) into the mixed solution obtained in step 2) to obtain a wood-epoxy silane composite material; The wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte is obtained by curing it under ultraviolet light.

2. The method for preparing the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delignification treatment is: delignifying the wood chips in a sodium chlorite solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium sulfite solution or a hydrogen peroxide solution or a mixed solution thereof; The dehydration replacement treatment is: washing the delignified wood chips with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol respectively, preferably, the washing is performed 3-5 times; and then performing replacement treatment with acetone, preferably, the replacement is performed for 2-48 hours, preferably 10-15 hours.

3. The method for preparing the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the diluent includes acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; The mass ratio of the transparent viscous liquid, the diluent, the photoinitiator and the lithium salt is 100:40-70:1-5:5-50; The stirring time is 50-250 min.

4. The method for preparing the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the impregnation is: impregnation at normal pressure for 2-8 hours, and then vacuum impregnation for 1-3 hours; The curing time is 20-200 minutes.

5. A wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte, characterized in that: It comprises lithium salt, epoxy silane-based material, plasticizer and wood chips, wherein, by mass fraction, the content of the lithium salt is 1-20%, the content of the epoxy silane-based material is 10-90%, the content of the plasticizer is 1-20%, and the content of the wood chips is 10-80%; The wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lithium salt is one or more of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl imide), lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl imide), lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate and lithium perchlorate trihydrate.

7. The wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to claim 5, characterized in that: The epoxysilane-based material includes γ-(2,3-epoxypropyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropyloxy)propyltriethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropyloxy)propylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ-(2,3-epoxypropyloxy)propylmethyldimethoxysilane, (2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl)trimethoxysilane, (2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl)triethoxysilane and one or more mixtures of their blends and copolymers.

8. The wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wood chips include one or more of balsa wood chips, poplar wood chips, spruce chips, paulownia chips and basswood chips.

9. The wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the wood sheet is 10-2000 μm.

10. The wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the wood sheet is 10-200 μm.

11. The wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plasticizer is a mixture of one or more of dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, butyl benzyl phthalate, di(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, polyethylene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol.

12. Application of the wood-epoxysilane composite transparent solid electrolyte according to any one of claims 5 to 11 in all-solid-state batteries, microelectronic devices, wearable batteries, and capacitors.

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