Medical instrument with ball bearing or plain bearing as generator

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor-driven or hand-driven or drivable medical instrument having a plurality of bearings for supporting a handle or shaft for applying a torque to a tool and a spacer sleeve, wherein at least two selected or selectable bearings form a bearing pair, the spacer sleeve axially spacing the bearings of the bearing pair, wherein the instrument has a component which is at least partially radially inside the spacer sleeve, which is rotationally coupled or can be rotationally coupled with at least one of the two bearings of the bearing pair in order to rotate with or form a corresponding rotational part of the at least one bearing of the bearing pair, at least one permanent magnet which is fastened or constructed on or in the component, and a coil which is arranged on or in the spacer sleeve.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a medical instrument, preferably motor-driven or hand-driven, for operating a surgical tool, optionally accommodated in the medical instrument, preferably in rotation, having at least one bearing or bearing unit, preferably in the form of a ball bearing or a plain bearing structure with current generator function. BACKGROUND

[0002] Medical instruments, in particular surgical motor systems, i.e. surgical instruments, hand-operated or with a motor, such as milling, drilling or screwing handpieces, are increasingly equipped with new functions which require the transmission, forwarding or transmission of electrical signals. Such new functions can be, for example

[0003] - the determination of the temperature at the tip of the tool (drilling or milling tool) by means of a temperature sensor,

[0004] - the determination of the force / torque when milling or drilling by means of strain gauges, or

[0005] - the identification of the tool type inserted into the medical instrument (drilling handpiece / milling handpiece) via a sensor or antenna, such as an RFID or NFC reading antenna.

[0006] - vibration sensors or inclination sensors and various types of sensors can also be provided with different functions.

[0007] The common feature of these new functions is that they require an electrical connection to the control device in order to transmit, forward or transmit data.

[0008] This electrical connection has hitherto been achieved, for example, by installing or inserting signal lines into the milling handpiece itself. Here, the electrical signals are transmitted by separate insulated signal strands which extend in separate channels through the shaft of the medical instrument (drilling handpiece / milling handpiece) and extend up to the tip / remote end of the medical instrument (drilling handpiece / milling handpiece). However, due to the compact construction type and the limited construction space of surgical / medical instruments such as drilling or milling handpieces, the introduction or insertion of conventional signal lines into the instrument means that the outer diameter of the instrument, in particular of the instrument shaft which optionally extends in the distal direction (away from the user / user), must be increased, since additional channels are required for the insulated signal strands.

[0009] However, the lack of integration of such signal strands in existing medical instrument structures is undesirable from the user's point of view and is judged to be disadvantageous, since it reduces the view into the surgical site in the patient for the user / surgeon and the medical instrument (handpiece) loses its ability, especially for tight surgical passages. Furthermore, existing structures are characterized by difficult installation, difficult connection possibilities and complex connection of multiple signal transmitters when used as a bus.

[0010] Furthermore, the prior art always has the disadvantage that the energy supply of the above-mentioned structure groups or sensor devices must be provided in the form of a line from the medical instrument, possibly with a handpiece of the instrument, to the structure group. For this purpose, an electrical connection to a current generator or a corresponding control device of a superior in the overall system is always provided.

[0011] It can therefore be desirable to provide a solution for at least partially autonomous current supply for a medical instrument, especially the handpiece itself.

[0012] DE 10 2007 012 586 B3 shows a dental machining machine as one specific example of the state of the art to date. SUMMARY

[0013] It is therefore the task of the present disclosure to avoid or at least alleviate the disadvantages in the prior art. In particular, electrical energy should be collected / recovered (energy harvesting) when using the medical instrument.

[0014] This task is solved by a (motor-driven / hand-operated) medical instrument according to the invention.

[0015] The basic idea of the present disclosure thus consists essentially in that at least one bearing / bearing unit / bearing means, preferably of the ball bearing or plain bearing construction type, is configured with a current generator function, so that mechanical energy is converted / recovered into electrical energy when the medical instrument is operated manually or motor-driven on the bearing / bearing unit / bearing means, which electrical energy can be used to at least partially power the sensor devices, especially of the instrument itself.

[0016] It has been found that, especially in medical instruments of the hand-held instrument construction type, preferably for minimally invasive surgery, an instrument effector (forceps, scissors, tweezers, cutting tool, etc.) is coupled via a relatively slender instrument handle to a handpiece or handle, wherein a sensor device is provided at or near the effector, by which a specific measured variable must be intercepted. Such a sensor device must be supplied with electrical energy by a wire cable, which must be guided through / through the instrument handle from the handle to the effector.

[0017] In contrast, if at least one bearing / bearing unit / bearing means is used as a current generator, in particular in the instrument handle, as provided in the present application, the cable routing can be significantly reduced compared to the prior art.

[0018] In terms of construction, the basic concept described above can be implemented, for example, in that the (ball) cage holding / supporting the balls, in the case of a ball bearing, for example, is equipped / constructed with at least one or more circumferentially spaced permanent magnets and at least the (stationary with respect to the cage position) housing (bearing ring or instrument handle itself) surrounding the (ball) cage at least (at least section-wise) is constructed as / is provided with at least one coil. Here, the housing can be a separate sleeve (bearing ring) at least radially externally surrounding the cage, which is provided for the bearing / bearing unit / bearing means (integrated therein), or a housing section of the medical instrument supporting the bearing / bearing unit / bearing means (radially externally), or an instrument (extension) handle of the medical instrument, which is axially extended in the direction away from the user (distal end), which preferably can be selectively (available in different lengths) coupled or integrally constructed with the instrument (handpiece / handle).

[0019] In the case of a plain bearing, for example, it is possible that the radially outer bearing sleeve (corresponding to the housing described above) is constructed with at least one coil on an axial section, and the axially rotationally supported receiving sleeve in the bearing sleeve is provided with at least one or more circumferentially spaced permanent magnets, for example, in order to accommodate a tool handle or drive rod (corresponding to the cage described above).

[0020] In the specific case of a ball bearing / ball bearing unit, it is advantageous if two axially spaced ball bearings are each coupled with the inner ring and the outer ring by a common ball cage and at least an axial spacer is provided axially between the two outer rings of the axially spaced ball bearings, which at least axially surrounds the ball cage between the two outer rings in the case of the housing described above and thereby axially spaces the outer rings. The bearing unit thus constructed is preferably inserted / insertable into an instrument handle of a medical instrument (handpiece) which is optionally axially (distally) extended, for example, for accommodating a torque transmission rod (drive rod) or a tool handle.

[0021] Abstractly, a bearing member (ball cage) is provided which is inserted or insertable into a bearing sleeve (instrument extension / instrument housing) provided for a medical instrument (instrument / handpiece). The member (ball cage) has at least one cylindrical section. The cylindrical section has a magnetization. The magnetization can be in the form of a full magnetization or a magnet arrangement in the form of a single or some multiple permanent magnets (i.e. permanent magnets). The magnetization is arranged or configured for rotating along or against the direction of rotation of a motor of the medical instrument in operation of the medical instrument. Further, the magnetization is arranged or configured here, i.e. based on said rotating along, to induce a current in a coil provided in the bearing sleeve (instrument extension / instrument housing).

[0022] By the magnetization in the member (ball cage) inserted in the medical instrument (instrument / handpiece) in use and in response to the rotation of the member achieved by the motor, the magnetic field changes which is correspondingly effectively inducting a current in the coil by appropriately applying the coil in the bearing sleeve (instrument extension / instrument housing) accordingly. Thus, an at least partially autonomous current supply of a device, sensor etc. connected to the coil can be achieved thereby.

[0023] The member (ball cage) can be understood abstractly here. On the one hand, the member can already be inserted into the bearing sleeve (instrument extension / instrument housing), on the other hand, the member can be inserted in use. In the inserted state, the member (ball cage) can be arranged in the bearing sleeve (instrument extension / instrument housing) such that the member rotates together at least in response to the motor rotation preferably in the same direction. This can be a direct or indirect conversion. This can be related to the position and arrangement of the member (ball cage) in the bearing sleeve (instrument extension / instrument housing).

[0024] The cylindrical section can either be a part of the member (ball cage) or the entire member (ball cage). The cylindrical section can be a hollow cylinder or a solid cylinder. In one example, more than 90% of the member (ball cage) can be the cylindrical section. In another example, more than 50% of the member (ball cage) can be the cylindrical section.

[0025] The member (ball cage) can have one or more permanent magnets. The magnetization can be configured by the one or more permanent magnets. The one or more permanent magnets can be arranged on the cylindrical section. Thus, the one or more permanent magnets provide the magnetization at the member (ball cage).

[0026] The respective north poles and south poles of the one or more permanent magnets can be arranged side by side in the radial direction of the cylindrical section. For example, the respective north poles or south poles are further away from the center of the cylindrical section or outwards in the radial direction. The one or more permanent magnets can each have an extension in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical section. The extension of the cylindrical section in the longitudinal direction can be at least one fourth, preferably approximately half, of the extension of the cylindrical section in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical section.

[0027] The outer cover or outer side of the cylindrical section of the component (ball cage) can have one or more recesses or recesses. At least a portion of the respective one or more permanent magnets can be in the recess. A further portion of the respective one or more permanent magnets can protrude. The one or more permanent magnets can be fixed in the one or more recesses or recesses by means of an adhesive. The adhesive can be made, for example, on the basis of a silicone, in particular a silicone casting. The silicone casting can also serve to protect the one or more permanent magnets from corrosion. As a solvent, a mixture consisting of an ester and an aliphatic solvent can be contained in the adhesive. Likewise, the one or more permanent magnets can be correspondingly fitted into the one or more recesses or recesses. To this end, the one or more recesses or recesses can be configured as fitting parts. A simple integration of the magnetization can thus be provided.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of permanent magnets can be arranged on opposite sides of the cylindrical section. This can correspond to an angular distance of 180° along the circumference of the cylindrical section. Furthermore, in the case of three permanent magnets, the angular distance of the plurality of permanent magnets from one another can be approximately 120°. In the case of four permanent magnets, the angular distance of the plurality of permanent magnets from one another can be approximately 90° (and so on). Such an arrangement of the permanent magnets can cause an effective induction of an electric current in the coil arranged in the bearing sleeve.

[0029] In an advantageous embodiment, the component (ball cage) can be a cylindrical tube or a solid body in the axial section. The cylindrical tube or solid body preferably has receiving cavities for the balls of two axially spaced-apart ball bearings on the respective end regions thereof. Here, it is noted here that instead of balls, also needles or cylindrical rollers can be provided.

[0030] Further preferably, the two axially spaced-apart ball bearings (each comprising an inner ring and an outer ring, the balls radially supported therebetween, the common only ball cage) and the radially outer shell / spacer sleeve surrounding the ball cage between the outer rings can be combined into a unique cylindrical unit which is simply inserted / fitted, for example, on the instrument extension handle, the instrument housing or the tool handle.

[0031] In other words, the above-defined task is solved in the type of apparatus by providing a medical apparatus (apparatus / handpiece) or an apparatus extension for a medical apparatus (handpiece) which is optionally mounted on the medical apparatus (handpiece). The apparatus extension can be attached to the medical apparatus or be part of the medical apparatus. The apparatus extension has a meandering or spiral coil arranged planar on the inner circumference, which is either constructed directly in / on the extension or in / on a separate spacer inserted into the extension. As already implemented before, the coil is constructed to generate an electric current based on the magnetization of a component (ball cage) which rotates together, preferably in the direction of rotation of the motor of the medical apparatus, when the medical apparatus is in operation.

[0032] According to one or more embodiments, the signal line or signal track can be better integrated into the existing structure of a medical apparatus, for example a surgical (motor) apparatus (drilling handpiece / milling handpiece), without changing the dimensions of the medical apparatus or of the component (ball cage) provided in the medical apparatus, i.e. without increasing the outer diameter of the medical apparatus or of the apparatus extension around the ball cage, for example. For example, a novel construction form of the ball bearing / rolling bearing and the apparatus extension is provided, which enables the forwarding / transmission / conveying of electrical signals through the ball bearing / rolling bearing and the apparatus extension and between these structural elements, wherein the dimensions of the structural elements (ball bearing / rolling bearing and apparatus extension) remain unchanged, so that the outer diameter of the medical apparatus is not increased. The medical apparatus thus remains in its compact construction type and makes suitable use of the existing structural space. The rolling bearing, in particular the ball bearing, can be provided for the preferably multidirectional forwarding or transmission of electrical signals and for this purpose has at least one signal line or signal track integrated into the ball bearing / rolling bearing.

[0033] As already mentioned above, the rolling bearing is not limited to a ball bearing, i.e. any other rolling bearing should also be included here, for example a cylindrical roller bearing, a needle roller bearing, a tapered roller bearing, a barrel roller bearing, a toroidal roller bearing, etc. However, the ball bearing is the preferred embodiment of the rolling bearing here. Further preferably, the ball bearing is a micro ball bearing. The rolling bearing / ball bearing is preferably intended or suitable or provided for use in a medical apparatus, in particular in a surgical apparatus / handpiece, in particular in a drilling handpiece / milling handpiece, and more particularly in an apparatus extension.

[0034] For example, the signal line or signal track can be integrated in the outer ring of the rolling bearing / ball bearing.

[0035] Preferably, the rolling bearing / ball bearing, in particular the outer ring of the rolling bearing / ball bearing, is made of a non-conductive material. More preferably, the material of the rolling bearing / ball bearing (outer ring) is a hard material. Here, ceramics prove to be particularly suitable.

[0036] The signal line or signal track is preferably made of a (well) conductive material, in particular copper, silver or gold.

[0037] One advantageous embodiment provides at least one signal line, in particular a signal strand, which is inserted into a hole provided in the rolling bearing / ball bearing, in particular in the outer ring of the rolling bearing / ball bearing, which hole extends over the entire axial length of the rolling bearing / ball bearing. Preferably, the signal line or signal strand is axially fixed in the hole.

[0038] Correspondingly, the rolling bearing / ball bearing or the outer ring of the rolling bearing / ball bearing preferably has at least one fine hole. For example, the diameter of the hole can be less than 0.2 mm. Preferably, the diameter is approximately in the range of 0.1 mm. Micro-laser drilling has proven suitable as a manufacturing method / production method for such fine holes.

[0039] Correspondingly, the diameter of the signal line or signal strand is also preferably less than 0.2 mm, further preferably approximately in the range of 0.1 mm.

[0040] The axial fixation of the signal line or signal strand in the hole can be achieved, for example, by plastic deformation of the axial end of the signal line or signal strand. Here, caulking has proven particularly suitable. Alternatively, the hole can also be metallized first (before the signal line or signal strand is inserted) and can be axially fixed by an adhesive connection or a hard solder connection.

[0041] The signal line can protrude / project, for example, in the axial direction of the rolling bearing / ball bearing (on the outer ring), in particular on both sides / axial ends of the rolling bearing / ball bearing, so that the signal line is provided for contact or plug-in connection with another structural element of the medical instrument, in particular with a spacer sleeve which is a separate component or a component part of an instrument extension handle. Preferably, the signal line protrudes or projects on the outer ring by approximately 0.1 to 0.3 mm, in order to be able to solder the signal line with the track introduced on the ceramic.

[0042] Preferably, a plurality of signal lines or signal tracks is provided, for example two, three, four, five, six or more. The signal lines or signal tracks can in principle be distributed arbitrarily on the circumference of the rolling bearing / ball bearing / outer ring. It is also conceivable to make full use of the entire circular ring of the rolling bearing / ball bearing (outer ring). The signal lines can thus also be distributed uniformly over the circular ring.

[0043] The upper limit for the number of signal lines or signal tracks is preferably derived from the dimensions of the rolling bearing / ball bearing. In particular, it has been found that (especially in the case of the preferred bore diameter or signal line diameter) the ratio of the outer diameter D of the ball bearing in mm to the number N of bores or signal lines should be: D / N > 0.1. The provision of a plurality of signal lines or signal tracks distributed around the circumference can result in a reduction in the contact resistance (keyword: parallel multi-conductor technology).

[0044] In one or more embodiments, the spacer sleeve and in particular the instrument extension shaft can be provided for forwarding or transmitting electrical signals, preferably in multiple directions, and for this purpose have at least one signal line or signal track integrated in the spacer sleeve and in particular in the instrument extension shaft.

[0045] Further preferably, the spacer sleeve and in particular the instrument extension shaft are designed or adapted or provided for use in a medical instrument, in particular a surgical handpiece, in particular a drilling handpiece / milling handpiece.

[0046] Preferably, the spacer sleeve, if necessary the instrument extension shaft, is also made of an electrically non-conductive material. Further preferably, the material of the spacer sleeve, if necessary the material of the instrument extension shaft, is also a hard material. Here, ceramics proves to be particularly suitable. The signal lines or signal tracks are preferably made of a (well) conductive material, in particular copper, silver or gold.

[0047] The spacer sleeve and in particular the instrument extension shaft are preferably designed for forwarding or transmitting electrical signals in the axial direction between the first axial end and the second axial end of the instrument extension shaft and / or in the radial direction between the inner cover surface and the outer cover surface of the instrument extension shaft.

[0048] The outer cover surface of the spacer sleeve or the inner cover surface of the instrument extension shaft has at least one groove / channel which extends over the entire axial length of the spacer sleeve or the instrument extension shaft. Preferably, a signal track or signal line is provided or arranged in the groove / channel. In other words, there is an electrically conductive material in the groove / channel. As a result, it is possible to tap electrical signals on / in the outer region of the spacer sleeve and / or on the inner cover surface of the instrument extension shaft and to forward or transmit the electrical signals.

[0049] The at least one channel or the at least one groove is preferably finely or delicately structured and produced by grinding or engraving, in particular laser engraving. The channel or groove is preferably metallized and coated with a well-conductive material for the construction of the signal line or signal track.

[0050] In one example, the signal tracks or signal lines are offset inwards with respect to the outer cover surface of the spacer sleeve and / or with respect to the inner cover surface of the instrument extension, so that the signal tracks or signal lines are arranged only in the region of the lower / inner part of the groove. In other words, the signal tracks or signal lines are preferably completely sunk into the groove / channel, so that the (outer / inner) cover surface of the spacer sleeve or of the instrument extension is spaced apart from the signal tracks or signal lines in the radial direction of the spacer sleeve / instrument extension. The signal tracks / lines are thus preferably not flush with the outer cover surface or the inner cover surface, but rather are more internal. This achieves an electrical separation of the individual signal tracks or signal lines from one another, especially when more than one signal track or signal line is provided. This is particularly necessary, since the instrument extension of the instrument (drilling handpiece / milling handpiece) can also be made of metal, in which the spacer sleeve is preferably inserted and directly rests against the instrument extension.

[0051] It is expedient for an insulator to be arranged on the signal tracks or signal lines. In other words, the mentioned electrical separation of the signal tracks or signal lines from one another can be improved if an insulator is additionally provided. The insulator can be, for example, an insert which consists, in particular, of silicone. Alternatively, the insulator can also be implemented, for example, by means of an adhesive layer. By means of the additional insulation, the medical instrument, in particular the drilling handpiece / milling handpiece, in which / on which, in particular, the spacer sleeve, in particular the instrument extension, is to be attached / inserted, is less sensitive to the ingress of electrically conductive liquids, such as salt solutions.

[0052] In one or more examples, the inner cover surface of the spacer sleeve can have at least one signal track or signal line. If a signal line or signal track is additionally or alternatively provided on the inner surface of the spacer sleeve, electrical signals can be intercepted, and forwarded or transmitted, in the inner region. A metallized track, at least one metallized track, can be provided, for example, on the inner cover surface.

[0053] In a further example, the signal tracks or signal lines arranged on the inner cover surface of the spacer sleeve are electrically conductively connected with the signal tracks or signal lines provided on the outer cover surface of the spacer sleeve. The spacer sleeve can have, for example, a fine bore (micro bore) which extends in the radial direction of the spacer sleeve and through which the signal lines or signal tracks on the inner cover surface are electrically conductively connectable / connected with the signal lines or signal tracks on the outer cover surface, for example by means of an electrically conductive material in the bore. In other words, the bore (micro bore) preferably extends between the groove / channel on the outer cover surface and the signal lines or signal tracks on the inner cover surface.

[0054] In other words, plated-through holes are implemented as in circuit board technology, which can also simultaneously function as pads. Components of the wiring can thus also be integrated into the system, as soon as no SMD components are available, for example.

[0055] In principle, the signal tracks or signal lines can be introduced into the spacer sleeve at different depths. Thereby, a spacer sleeve can be realized which is very thin-walled at least sectionally. Furthermore, a plurality of signal tracks or signal lines can also be provided which are introduced into the spacer sleeve at different depths. This applies not only to the signal tracks or signal lines arranged on the outer cover surface, but also to the signal tracks or signal lines arranged on the inner cover surface.

[0056] Furthermore, the electrical contacts and / or the reading antenna can be in electrically conductive connection with the signal lines or signal tracks. In particular, the aforementioned coil can be in electrically conductive connection with the signal lines or signal tracks. This applies not only to the signal lines or signal tracks on the inner cover surface (of the spacer sleeve), but also to the signal lines or signal tracks on the outer cover surface of the spacer sleeve. If a plurality of signal lines or signal tracks is provided, one signal track or signal line can be interrupted on one side (for example, the inner side) and continued on the other side (for example, the outer side). This can be realized by an electrically conductive connection in a radially extending hole.

[0057] For example, on the inner cover surface of the spacer sleeve, electrical contacts / electrical contact surfaces for sensors or for other (electronic) structural elements can be applied, which are preferably in electrically conductive connection with the signal lines or signal tracks applied on the inner cover surface. In connection therewith, on the inner cover surface of the spacer sleeve, electrical contacts / electrical contact surfaces or a plurality of electrical contacts / electrical contact surfaces for the coil can be applied, which are preferably in electrically conductive connection with the signal lines or signal tracks applied on the inner cover surface. In this regard, when the coil is introduced into the spacer sleeve together with one or more signal lines or one or more signal tracks, the electrical contacts / electrical contact surfaces can also be dispensed with.

[0058] Furthermore, it is conceivable that on the inner cover surface, a reading antenna is provided, which is preferably in electrically conductive connection with the signal lines or signal tracks applied on the inner cover surface. This can also be realized in such a way that the signal lines or signal tracks are arranged or configured on the inner cover surface in such a way that the signal lines or signal tracks themselves form the reading antenna. Such a reading antenna can be used, for example, for reading or writing an RFID chip.

[0059] Furthermore, on the outer cover surface of the spacer sleeve and in particular of the instrument extension handle, electrical contacts / electrical contact surfaces for sensors or other structural elements can also be applied, which are preferably in electrically conductive connection with the signal lines or signal tracks applied on the outer cover surface. The electrical contacts or contact surfaces arranged on the outside can be used for connecting sensors, (electronic) structural elements, (reading) antennas, etc., which are located on the outside. The electrical contacts or contact surfaces can also be provided for connecting structural elements integrated in the handpiece or for supplying electrical current via the handpiece.

[0060] It is furthermore advantageous if the spacer sleeve and / or the instrument extension are made up of a plurality of (at least two, preferably three or more) spacer sleeves which are nested into one another. In other words, preferably, the plurality of spacer sleeves / shafts should be arranged in a plurality of layers. Thereby, more functionality can be integrated into the spacer sleeves / shafts and the construction space is maximally utilized.

[0061] Preferably, in the medical instrument, the rolling / rolling bearing and the spacer sleeve are arranged in axial abutment, such that at least one signal line or signal track of the rolling bearing and at least one signal line or signal track of the spacer sleeve are connected / interconnected by a plug-in connection, so that the medical instrument is provided for a (multi-directional) signal forwarding or signal transmission between the rolling / rolling bearing and the spacer sleeve.

[0062] Thus, in the medical instrument / drill handpiece / milling handpiece, electrical signals can be forwarded and transmitted from the distal region to the proximal region of the medical instrument via the rolling / rolling bearing or its outer ring and the spacer sleeve or via a plurality of rolling / rolling bearings and a plurality of spacer sleeves, and vice versa (i.e. in the axial direction of the medical instrument).

[0063] Since a rolling / rolling bearing with integrated signal lines and a spacer sleeve with integrated signal lines are provided, and the signal lines of the rolling bearing can be connectable with the signal lines of the spacer sleeve by a plug-in connection, electrical signals can be not only passed through these structural elements but also transmitted between these structural elements.

[0064] The rolling bearing preferably allows a signal transmission from the distal end (away from the user) to the proximal end (towards the user) and vice versa, that is, in the axial direction of the medical instrument or the rolling bearing.

[0065] The spacer sleeve and / or the instrument extension preferably not only allows a signal transmission from the distal end to the proximal end and vice versa, that is, in the axial direction of the medical instrument or the spacer sleeve, but also a signal transmission from the inside to the outside and vice versa, that is, in the radial direction of the medical instrument or the spacer sleeve.

[0066] Thus, in the medical instrument / handpiece (milling handpiece), a multi-directional signal forwarding / signal transmission is provided, which is achieved by rolling bearings and spacer sleeves with integrated signal lines / signal tracks.

[0067] In the medical instrument according to the present disclosure, new / extended functionality is achieved without increasing the outer diameter or outer dimension of the instrument extension of the handpiece / surgical instrument. In this case, miniaturized signal forwarding, simple installation, extended / new placement possibilities of signal transmitters, antennas or sensors, complex circuits on a minimum construction space, and suitable integration into existing structural elements can thus be provided.

[0068] In other words, the invention relates to one or more of the following advantages / characteristics:

[0069] - autonomous current supply by the handpiece itself,

[0070] - current supply decoupled from the control device or the immediately following control component in the system,

[0071] - integration into the existing structure of today's drilling handpieces / milling handpieces,

[0072] - simplified installation,

[0073] - easier connection,

[0074] - no complex connection of multiple signal transmitters when used as a bus system, and

[0075] - no additional channel for the insulated wire, which would increase the outer diameter of the shank.

[0076] In other words, the invention relates to the use of a ball bearing according to the above-mentioned structure as a current generator for generating / harvesting energy in order to autonomously and thus decoupled from the control device or the immediately following control component in the system to operate electronic components, for example sensor devices, in the device, preferably without the cumbersome transport of energy through the entire device.

[0077] Furthermore, the spacer sleeve (and / or the instrument extension shank) can accommodate electronic lines in order to also accommodate electronic components. In this variant, the spacer sleeve can serve as a further support. Here, the spacer sleeve can be used as a coil in order to generate / harvest energy. To this end, the ball bearing can be embodied with a cage. The ball cage can be embodied in a very long construction. For example, north / south permanent magnets are applied to the middle region of the ball cage in order to be able to generate / harvest energy in combination with the coil in the spacer sleeve. The spacer sleeve can be designed over the entire length or locally, single-layered or multi-layered. For example, the coil is constructed in a meandering shape. However, a helically arranged coil can also be used. It is also conceivable that the coil is designed multi-layered in order to be able to achieve a higher energy input into the coil.

[0078] By inserting a tool into the instrument extension shank and starting the motor, the entire inner construction group, for example the components described here (ball cage), can be put into (rotational) motion. Thereby electrical energy is generated by the coil and can be used for the electronic circuit. The construction group can also be loaded into the instrument extension shank several times together depending on the length of the instrument extension shank and thus with several coils for generation / harvesting. Any rotating motor, including a hand drive, can be adapted for generation / harvesting.

[0079] One or more embodiments can relate to the implementation as a self-sufficient structural group. Thus, for example, an accessory can be provided which can be separated from the actual drive. If the same or similar structure is chosen, these accessories can also be supplied with energy autonomously and thus the electronic components are operated. This is a further step in the digitalization of products. The idea can be extended to any accessory which contains a rotational movement which is not supplied with current or is not supplied by current.

[0080] In other words, in one variant, permanent magnets can be arranged on the tool or on a fixedly installed drive shaft behind the tool. The ball cage as a carrier for the permanent magnets can thus be dispensed with. Instead, the tool will carry the permanent magnets. A further advantage of this solution is that with the tool itself a higher rotational speed and thus also a higher energy input can be achieved compared to the ball cage.

[0081] In order not to have to mount permanent magnets on the tool, it can also be advantageous to magnetize the tool. This can be advantageous for low-energy applications.

[0082] In other words, in one variant, a common inner ring can be constructed instead of the common ball cage, which in turn is equipped with permanent magnets for the collection. This also contains the advantage of higher rotational speeds and additionally the advantage that not every tool has to be equipped with permanent magnets. Additionally, in this variant significantly larger permanent magnets can be installed in order to generate / collect more energy.

[0083] The invention can thus have at least one of the following properties: integration of a structural group for the collection of energy in a product, autonomous energy supply of electronic components, integration of a sensor device and an energy supply, digitalization of the device and the coupling of this generation / collection with energy stores and data stores and communication modules such as Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE, Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN, etc. thereby without restrictions on availability and this is ideal for real wireless applications (sensor devices in the distal region of the handpiece and accessories).

[0084] The following advantages can be achieved at least partially:

[0085] - a complex structure with an energy supply through the instrument can thereby be avoided,

[0086] - autonomous energy supply of electronic components,

[0087] - integration of a sensor device and the energy supply of a sensor device is now possible,

[0088] - independent energy supply of accessories which operate without an electrical connection,

[0089] - digitalization capability of the product / instrument.

[0090] The electronic components can be powered autonomously by the control device or the immediately following control component in the system and thus operate wirelessly.

[0091] It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the explanations given here can be implemented using hardware circuits, software means or a combination thereof. The software means can be associated with a programmed microprocessor or general-purpose computer, an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit) and / or a DSP (digital signal processor).

[0092] For example, the medical instrument can be implemented in part as a computer, a logic circuit, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a processor (for example with a microprocessor, a microcontroller (μC) or a vector processor or central processing unit (CPU) comprising a core), a floating-point unit (FPU), a digital processing unit (NPU), an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a co-processor (additional microprocessor for supporting the main processor (CPU)), a general-purpose computing graphics processing unit (GPGPU) and a parallel computer (for simultaneous implementation of arithmetic operations on a plurality of main processors and / or graphics processors, in particular) or a DSP. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0093] The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Shown are:

[0094] Figure 1 A schematic view of a medical instrument / handpiece with an instrument extension is shown;

[0095] Figure 2 A schematic view of an instrument extension is shown;

[0096] Figure 3 A schematic view of a ball bearing is shown;

[0097] Figure 4 A schematic view of a component as a tube / ball cage with permanent magnets according to a first preferred embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0098] Figure 5 A schematic view of a component / ball cage with permanent magnets positioned between ball bearings is shown;

[0099] Figure 6 A schematic view of a part of an instrument extension with integrated coils is shown;

[0100] Figure 7 A schematic view of a longitudinal section as a part of a spacer sleeve with integrated coils is shown;

[0101] Figure 8 A partial schematic view of a component (ball cage) arranged in an instrument extension, in particular a spacer sleeve with coils, is shown;

[0102] Figure 9 schematic open view showing a component (ball cage) arranged in a spacer sleeve with a coil;

[0103] Figure 10 schematic view showing a handpiece with different numbers of spacer sleeves (in different lengths of instrument extension handles);

[0104] Figure 11 schematic view showing a ball bearing with a signal line;

[0105] Figure 12 schematic view showing a spacer sleeve with a signal line;

[0106] Figure 13 schematic view showing different accessories as adapters;

[0107] Figure 14 schematic view showing a component of a tool with a permanent magnet as a second preferred embodiment according to the present disclosure; and

[0108] Figure 15 schematic view showing a component of an inner ring of a ball bearing with a permanent magnet as a third preferred embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0109] wherein: 1 - medical instrument; 2 - handpiece; 2a - manually maneuverable coupling; 3 - instrument extension handle; 3a - outer cover of extension handle; 3b - inner insulating cover of extension handle; 4 - tool receptacle; 5 - current contact; 6 - selected pair of ball bearings; 6a, 6b - ball bearings of selected pair of ball bearings; 6c - selected spacer sleeve; 6d - inner radial recess (inner radial widening); 7 - ball of ball bearing; 8 - inner ring of ball bearing; 9 - outer ring of ball bearing; 10 - ball cage of component; 11 - cylindrical section of component; 11a - recess; 12 - permanent magnet; 12a - shoulder; 13 - coil; 14 - signal line; 15 - inner contact; 16 - outer contact; 17 - tool; 18 - component as tube; 19 - coupling section; 20 - effector section; 21 - drive shaft.

[0110] The drawings are merely schematic and are solely for the purpose of understanding the present application. The same reference numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar components. Features of the various embodiments can be interchanged.

[0111] Moreover, spatially relative terms, such as "under", "below", "lower", "above", "upper", "left", "leftward", "right", and "rightward", can be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or structure's relationship to another element(s) or structure(s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms can be intended to encompass different orientations of a structure element in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. A structure element can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein can be interpreted accordingly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0112] A medical instrument, an instrument extension, a spacer sleeve and a ball bearing will now be described with the aid of a number of preferred embodiments, together with the components / connecting ball cages that connect them.

[0113] Figure 1 A schematic view of a medical instrument 1 is shown, which has a handpiece 2 / handle and an instrument extension (or simply instrument extension 3) with a distal end portion. The instrument extension 3 has at the distal end portion a receiving portion 4 for a tool 17 (drilling / milling tool), which is coupled with a drive shaft / rod not further shown within the instrument extension 3 with a drive (motor) not further shown within the handpiece 2 to transmit torque from the drive to the tool 17. This construction belongs to the general prior art of the applicant and therefore does not need further implementation here.

[0114] Furthermore, the handpiece 2 has a proximal connection for the energy supply, for example a current connection 5, through which the drive (motor) within the handpiece 2 can be loaded with energy. It is pointed out at this point here that the shown proximal connection can also be an interface for a battery.

[0115] As Figure 1 is further shown in the handpiece 2 and the instrument extension 3, there is a manually manipulable coupling 2a between the handpiece 2 and the instrument extension 3 for selectively mechanically and electrically connecting the instrument extension 3 to the handpiece 2. It is however also possible that the instrument extension 3 is a fixed component part of the handpiece 2 and thus cannot be detached.

[0116] Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectioned schematic view of the instrument extension 3.

[0117] In this embodiment, the instrument extension 3 has a radial outer cover 3a of the extension 3, on the distal end section of which the tool receiving portion 4 is configured or fixed. On the inside of the outer cover 3a of the extension 3, an insulation cover 3b of the (electrical) interior of the extension 3 is preferably inserted. It is however also possible that the components in the interior are inserted into the instrument extension 3 without the interior insulation cover 3b of the extension 3.

[0118] A plurality of ball bearing pairs 6 are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the instrument extension shaft 3, which are spaced apart from one another in the axial direction of the instrument extension shaft 3, so that a drive shaft, not further shown, or a tool 17 connected with the shaft, is correspondingly rotatably supported in the instrument extension shaft 3, or a rotational force (torque) can be transmitted from a motor of the medical instrument 1 via the shaft onto the tool 17.

[0119] Each ball bearing pair 6, preferably at least the ball bearing pair 6 at the distal end, has two selected axially spaced-apart single ball bearings 6a, 6b and an axially spaced-apart spacer sleeve 6c between the two selected single ball bearings 6a, 6b. Here, each ball bearing pair 6 of the above-described arrangement thus defined is axially immovably inserted into the instrument extension shaft 3, preferably into the inner insulating cover of the extension shaft 3b.

[0120] Figure 3 A schematic view of such a single ball bearing 6a, 6b is shown. Each single ball bearing 6a, 6b of the opposite ball bearing pair 6 preferably has balls 7 as rolling bodies, wherein other rolling body shapes can of course also be provided. The single ball bearing (hereinafter referred to as ball bearing) 6a, 6b also has an inner ring 8 and an outer ring 9 between which the balls 7 are supported. The balls 7 are kept spaced apart in the circumferential direction by a ball cage 10.

[0121] In Figure 4 The ball cage 10 of each ball bearing 6a, 6b of the ball bearing pair 6 is shown schematically in

[0122] Thus, each ball cage 10 forms circumferentially spaced-apart axially extending protrusions / teeth between which pocket-like ball receptacles are formed into which the balls 7 are individually inserted. The ball cages 10 of the ball bearing pair 6 in combination are in this preferred embodiment approximately fixedly connected to one another via a cylindrical section 11 into a unique common cage member or tube 18.

[0123] In Figure 4 The tube 18 shown in is accordingly at least provided with the cylindrical section 11, at the axial end sides of which the ball cages 10 of the two axially spaced-apart ball bearings 6a, 6b of the ball bearing pair 6 are fixedly arranged. Furthermore, the cylindrical section 11 has at least one, preferably a plurality of circumferentially spaced-apart permanent magnets 12 on its outer circumference in the vicinity of one ball cage 10. Here, the ball cage 10 can be integrally constructed with the cylindrical section 11 or fixedly connected thereto as a separate component. Furthermore, each preferably strip-shaped permanent magnet 12 extends approximately to the axial center of the cylindrical section 11 in the axial direction from only one ball cage 10.

[0124] It is necessary to point out here for better understanding that at least according toFigure 4 The axial dimension of the tube 18 can be unrealistic and is only for illustrative purposes. In reality, the cylindrical section 11 between the two ball bearings 6a, 6b of an arbitrarily chosen coupled pair can also be significantly shorter or longer in practice, as is shown in Figure 2 by the different lengths of the spacer sleeves 6c. It is especially pointed out in this regard that, according to the present disclosure, the ball bearing 6b arranged on the instrument extension 3 in the distal end in Figure 2 can also be coupled with the ball bearing 6a connected thereon in the proximal direction into a ball bearing pair 6. That is, the ball bearing pair 6 is generally understood according to the present disclosure as a pair of axially side-by-side ball bearings, so that the tube 18 and especially the cylindrical section 11 can vary in its axial extension, as described above. Thus, longer spacer sleeves 6c can also be used in Figure 2 for the coil 13.

[0125] Figure 5 A schematic view of the tube 18 with permanent magnets 12 positioned between the ball bearings 6a, 6b of a ball bearing pair 6 is shown. According to this, the axial protrusions / teeth of each ball cage 10 engage between the balls 7 of the two ball bearings 6a, 6b, so that the ball cage 10 can rotate with the balls 7 between the inner ring 8 and the outer ring 9. In addition, the tube 18 can be arranged between the ball bearings 6a, 6b of the ball bearing pair 6, so that the tube cannot move axially. It can be seen from Figure 5 that two permanent magnets 12 are preferably provided, in which case these are positioned on the cylindrical section 11 of the tube 18 diametrically opposite one another. Here, the permanent magnets 12 are inserted into the recesses 11a on the cover side of the cylindrical section 11 (as this is shown in Figure 6 ), so that the permanent magnets 12 protrude beyond the cover side and thus a radially protruding shoulder 12a is configured around the permanent magnets 12. But the permanent magnets 12 can also be flush with the cover side of the cylindrical section 11.

[0126] Figure 6 and Figure 7 A schematic view of a portion of the spacer sleeve 6c with integrated coil 13 is shown.

[0127] In the present preferred embodiment, the (longitudinally slotted) spacer sleeve 6c is constructed separately from the instrument extension 3 and keeps the two ball bearings 6a, 6b at an axial distance from one another. To this end, the spacer sleeve 6c preferably rests on the end sides of the outer rings 9 of the two ball bearings 6a, 6b of the same ball bearing pair 6 that point toward one another and thus radially outwardly enclose the cylindrical section 11 of the tube 18 (see especially Figure 9 ).

[0128] The spacer sleeve 6c, which is provided on its inner cover side with a radial groove / knurling 6d in the axial length up to approximately its axial center, into which the meandering or helical coil 13 is inserted, is thus formed at least half of the inner circumference of the spacer sleeve 6c. The coil can furthermore be arranged in a ring around the inner diameter of the instrument elongated handle 3. The radial knurling 6d is dimensioned such that the radially protruding permanent magnets 12, if necessary, can be accommodated in the radial knurling without contact, as is shown in particular in Figure 9 .

[0129] Furthermore, a number of signal lines 14 and internal contacts 15 connected to the signal lines are arranged / formed in an axial section of the spacer sleeve 6c on the radially inner cover side, which axially adjoins the coil 13. In particular, the signal lines 14 are arranged to a large extent in the longitudinal direction of the spacer sleeve 6c, such that the signal lines are in (electrical) connection with the coil 13 at an axial position. The internal contacts 15 are here in (electrical) contact with the radially outer, axially extending signal lines 14 of the spacer sleeve 6c, preferably via radial through-holes / through-wires and via radially outer contacts 16. (See also in particular Figure 12 .

[0130] Figure 8 A partial schematic view of the tube 18 arranged in the spacer sleeve 6c with the coil 13 is shown. Here the cylindrical section 11 is visible, which has the above-mentioned cutouts 11a, which contain the permanent magnets 12, which each have a north pole and a south pole oriented in the radial direction and are each shown by different layers. The north pole and the south pole of the respective permanent magnet 12 oppose each other in the radial direction on the cylindrical section 11, wherein the respective north pole or the respective south pole points radially outward. In the case of two permanent magnets 12, the arrangement of the north poles and the south poles is as follows:

[0131] When the north is radially outward in the upper permanent magnet in Figure 8 , then the south is radially outward for the lower permanent magnet. Thus, north and south oppose each other on the radially inner side of the spacer sleeve 6c. Thus, the field lines can be formed according to the principle of the current generator.

[0132] On the outer circumference of the spacer sleeve 6c, the signal lines 14 axially continue, as is shown in Figure 8 , the signal lines are also arranged on the inner side of the spacer sleeve 6c in the longitudinal direction in Figure 7 .

[0133] For this purpose, Figure 9An open schematic view of the selected ball bearing pair 6 with the tube 18 arranged in the spacer sleeve 6c with the coil 13 as component (rotor of the generator) is shown. The selected ball bearing pair 6 together with the tube 18 is thus combined to a kind of unit / cylinder which is inserted closed into the instrument extension 3. It is pointed out here that the instrument extension is only a preferred mounting location of the ball bearing pair, wherein the ball bearing pair can also be arranged at other locations, for example within the housing of the handpiece 2.

[0134] Furthermore, instrument extensions 3 of different lengths can be provided. In Figure 10 A schematic view of a medical handpiece 2 with instrument extensions 3 of different lengths is shown in

[0135] Figure 11 A schematic view of the ball bearings 6a / 6b of the selected ball bearing pair 6 with the signal line 14 inserted into the radially outer outer ring 9 as described above is shown. As can be well gathered from Figure 11 The signal line 14 is formed at least at the radially outer outer ring 9, preferably from two contact pins which axially project from both end sides, which engage into the corresponding axial bushings in the spacer sleeve 6c when the selected ball bearing pair 6 is mounted and thus establish an electrical contact connection between the signal line 14 in the spacer sleeve 6c and the signal line 14 in the radially outer outer ring 9, as can be well gathered from

[0136] For this purpose, Figure 12 A schematic view of the instrument extension 3 with the radially outer signal line 14 as also described above is shown. The signal line 14 thus extends from the distal ball bearing pair 6 into the handpiece 2, wherein the signal lines in the radially outer outer rings of all ball bearings and the signal lines of all spacer sleeves are electrically coupled according to the bushing-pin-principle described above. Furthermore, in Figure 12 The above-mentioned contact locations 16 on the selected spacer sleeve 6c are shown in

[0137] Furthermore, Figure 13A schematic diagram showing different tools or accessories 17 as adapters. From top to bottom, on the left side, a 3-prong keyless drill, a 3-prong drill (0.5 to 7.4 mm), an AO small drill, a 3-prong small drill, a wire drill, a Hudson / Zimmer milling head can be seen. From top to bottom, on the right side, a large AO Markraum drill, a small AO drill, a 6-sided drill, a Hudson / Zimmer drill, a 3-prong milling head (0.5 to 7.4 mm), a large AO milling head, and a Harris milling head can be seen.

[0138] Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing a medical instrument according to a second preferred embodiment of the present disclosure with a component in the form of a tool 17 itself, i.e. in this case, the tube 18 according to the first preferred embodiment is replaced by a shank of the tool 17. For this purpose, the tool 17 has a distal effector section 20 which is connected by a cylindrical section 11 which can be inserted into the instrument extension handle 3 with a proximal coupling section 19 of the tool 17 with which the tool 17 is axially fixed and connected against relative rotation with a drive shaft 21 (not shown in detail) within the instrument extension handle 3. The cylindrical section 11 of the tool 17 has a permanent magnet 12 which is provided for inducting electrical current into a coil 13 of a spacer sleeve 6c shown in half-section in Figure 14 The cylindrical section 11 of the tool 17 can be arranged between the ball bearings 6a, 6b of a ball bearing pair 6 which is distal in this case, such that, inter alia, the above-mentioned inductive effect between the tool 17 and the spacer sleeve 6c is utilized to obtain electrical energy. The cylindrical section 11 of the tool 17 is seamlessly connected with the coupling section 19 on one axial side and the effector section 20 on the other axial side. Thereby, the permanent magnet 12 which is inserted into the cylindrical section 11 of the tool 17 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise, whereby a variable magnetic field is generated during the rotational movement of the tool 17, so that an electrical current is generated in the coil 13. Thereby, energy can be generated / harvested in a simple manner. This principle applies to each component described here.

[0139] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the inner ring 8 of a ball bearing pair 6 as a further preferred embodiment according to the present disclosure with a component having a permanent magnet 12. Here, the inner ring 8 can be fixedly connected with a drive shaft within the instrument extension handle 3 or the medical instrument 1 or the tool 17 itself. The torque which is transmitted by the drive shaft 21 can thus be completely borne by the inner ring 8. Thereby, energy can be effectively generated / harvested.

Claims

1. A motor-driven or hand-driven medical instrument (1) having a plurality of bearings and spacer sleeves (6c) for supporting a handle or shaft (21) for applying a torque to a tool (17), wherein At least two selected bearings (6a, 6b) form a bearing pair (6), the spacer sleeve axially spacing the bearings (6a, 6b) of the bearing pair (6), characterized in that a tubular cylindrical section (11) at least partially inside the spacer sleeve (6c) radially is included, the cylindrical section being rotationally coupled with at least one of the two bearings (6a, 6b) of the bearing pair (6) so as to rotate with or form a respective rotating part of the at least one bearing (6a, 6b) of the bearing pair (6); at least one permanent magnet (12) is fastened or constructed on or in the cylindrical section (11); and a coil (13) is arranged on or in the spacer sleeve (6c), and wherein the cylindrical section (11) is a shank section of the tool (17).

2. The medical instrument (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The bearings (6a, 6b) of the bearing pair (6) are rolling bearings, and the cylindrical section (11) is a common component of the ball cages (10) of the two bearings (6a, 6b), the cylindrical section coupling the ball cages (10) of the two bearings (6a, 6b) of the bearing pair (6) against relative rotation to each other.

3. The medical instrument (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The bearings (6a, 6b) of the bearing pair (6) are rolling bearings, and the cylindrical section (11) is a common component of the inner rings (8) of the two bearings (6a, 6b), the cylindrical section (11) being a cylindrical section (11) coupling the inner rings (8) of the two bearings (6a, 6b) of the bearing pair (6) against relative rotation to each other.

4. Medical instrument (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The medical instrument is a handheld instrument having a handpiece (2).

5. The medical instrument of claim 4, wherein, In the handpiece (2) a motor is arranged which is rotationally coupled with the shaft (21) so as to transmit torque onto the tool (17), wherein the two bearings (6a, 6b) and the spacer sleeve (6c) are arranged in an instrument extension shank (3) which is coupled with the handpiece (2).

6. The medical instrument (1) as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that A manually operable coupling (2a) by which the extension shank (3) can be coupled with the handpiece (2) and a shaft (21) supported on the extension shank (3) can also be coupled with a motor in the handpiece (2).

7. The medical instrument (1) as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that The instrument extension shank (3) can be mechanically and / or electrically connected to the handpiece (2) by the coupling (2a).

8. Medical instrument (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The handpiece (2) has a distal end section on which the coupling (2a) is arranged, wherein on a distal end section of the instrument extension shank (3) a tool receptacle (4) is arranged.

9. The medical instrument (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The bearing pair (6) including at least the spacer sleeve (6c) and the cylindrical section (11) forms a separate unit for mounting into the medical instrument (1).

10. The medical instrument (1) according to the preceding claim 1, characterized in that The spacer sleeve (6c) is a fixed component of the medical instrument (1).

11. Medical instrument (1) according to the preceding claim 1, characterized in that The coil (13) is meander-shaped and single-layered or multi-layered in the radial direction of the spacer sleeve (6c).

12. The medical instrument (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized by The cylindrical section (11) has at least one recess (11a) on the cover side of the cylindrical section, into which a corresponding permanent magnet (12) is inserted.

13. The medical instrument (1) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, At least the spacer sleeve (6c) has a radially inner signal line (14), which is electrically connected to the coil (13) and to a radially outer signal line (14), which is coupled by an electrical coupling to a signal line in the bearing (6a, 6b) in order to thereby direct an electrical signal from the coil (13) proximally along the medical instrument (1).

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