Use of a composition in a device, a device and a refrigeration cycle device

Abstract

Inhibiting the propagation of the disproportionation reaction of a refrigerant. Use of a composition in an apparatus, the composition comprising one or two or more selected from the group consisting of ethylenic fluorinated olefins, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze), the apparatus being an apparatus in which the heat capacity of a portion having a melting point of 1000°C or higher is 6.5 J / K or higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This relates to the use of the composition in an apparatus, the apparatus, and the refrigeration cycle apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Previously, hydrofluoroolefins (HFO refrigerants) with lower Global Warming Potential (GWP) compared to HFC refrigerants have attracted attention in refrigeration systems. For example, 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132) and other refrigerants with low GWP have been studied in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-196312). Summary of the Invention

[0003] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0004] Although this HFO refrigerant has a low GWP, it also has low stability. Therefore, under certain conditions, it is sometimes prone to a self-decomposition reaction called disproportionation. Disproportionation refers to a chemical reaction in which two or more molecules of the same kind react with each other, transforming into two or more different kinds of substances. Furthermore, the disproportionation reaction of HFO refrigerants can sometimes propagate.

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to suppress the propagation of refrigerant disproportionation reaction.

[0006] Methods for solving problems

[0007] The inventors of this application conducted repeated and in-depth research to suppress the propagation of refrigerant disproportionation reaction, and as a result, discovered that by using components with high heat capacity, the propagation of refrigerant disproportionation reaction can be suppressed. Through further repeated research, the present invention was completed. The present invention provides the use of the following compositions in an apparatus, an apparatus, and a refrigeration cycle apparatus.

[0008] The first point concerns the use of the composition in an apparatus. The composition comprises one or more of the group consisting of fluoroolefins selected from the vinyl group, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf), and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234ze). The apparatus is one in which the portion having a melting point of 1000°C or higher has a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher.

[0009] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the device may include movable parts and / or electric parts.

[0010] Depending on the use of the composition in the device, the propagation of the disproportionation reaction can be suppressed even if a disproportionation reaction occurs in the device.

[0011] The use of the composition of the second aspect in the apparatus is the same as the use of the composition of the first aspect in the apparatus, wherein the composition comprises one or more of the following: 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132), 1,1-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132a), 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), monofluoroethylene (HFO-1141), and perhalogenated olefins.

[0012] It should be noted that 1,2-difluoroethylene can be trans-1,2-difluoroethylene [(E)-HFO-1132], cis-1,2-difluoroethylene [(Z)-HFO-1132], or a mixture thereof.

[0013] The use of the composition of the third aspect in the device is the same as the use of the composition of the second aspect in the device, wherein the composition comprises 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132) and / or 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123).

[0014] The fourth viewpoint describes an apparatus that uses a composition. The composition comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of ethylene-based fluoroolefins, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf), and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234ze). The apparatus is one in which the portion having a melting point of 1000°C or higher has a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher.

[0015] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the device may include movable parts and / or electric parts.

[0016] Even if a refrigerant disproportionation reaction occurs within the device, the propagation of the disproportionation reaction can be suppressed.

[0017] The refrigeration cycle device of the fifth viewpoint includes a refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit includes a device and refrigerant piping. The device uses the composition of the fourth viewpoint as a refrigerant. The refrigerant piping is connected to the device.

[0018] In this refrigeration cycle device, the propagation of the disproportionation reaction of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit can be suppressed. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration cycle device.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the apparatus used in experiments concerning the relationship between the propagation of disproportionation reactions and heat capacity. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following examples illustrate the use of the compositions of the present invention in an apparatus, the apparatus itself, and the refrigeration cycle apparatus, but these descriptions do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0022] The use of the composition of the present invention in an apparatus is an use of a composition comprising one or more of the group consisting of fluoroolefins selected from the vinyl group and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf), wherein the apparatus is an apparatus having a melting point of 1000°C or higher and a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher.

[0023] The composition comprises one or more of the following: fluoroolefins selected from the group consisting of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf) and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234ze). It should be noted that, regarding the combustion rate as defined in ISO 817, 1.2 cm / s of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234ze) is lower than 1.5 cm / s of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf), and is therefore preferred. Furthermore, regarding the lower flammability limit (LFL) as defined in ISO 817, the 65,000 vol. ppm (6.5%) of 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234ze) is higher than the 62,000 vol. ppm (6.2%) of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf), and from this perspective, it is preferred. The composition may contain one or more of the following: 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132), 1,1-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132a), 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), monofluoroethylene (HFO-1141), and perhalogenated olefins. Particularly preferred components in this composition are 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132) and / or 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123).

[0024] Examples of fluoroolefins derived from the ethylene family include 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132), 1,1-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132a), 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), monofluoroethylene (HFO-1141), and perhalogenated olefins. Examples of perhalogenated olefins include trifluorochloroethylene (CFO-1113) and tetrafluoroethylene (FO-1114).

[0025] These compositions, for example, can undergo disproportionation reactions under specified high temperature, high pressure, and ignition energy conditions, but according to the present invention, even if a disproportionation reaction occurs, its propagation can be suppressed.

[0026] The above composition can be used as a refrigerant in the device. Additionally, the composition can be used in conjunction with refrigeration oil in the device.

[0027] The apparatus has a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher for the portion with a melting point of 1000°C or higher. Preferably, the heat capacity of the portion with a melting point of 1000°C or higher is 6.7 J / K or higher. Furthermore, it is preferable that the heat capacity of the portion with a melting point of 1200°C or higher is 6.5 J / K or higher, more preferably 6.7 J / K or higher. Even more preferably, the heat capacity of the portion with a melting point of 1400°C or higher is 6.5 J / K or higher, and even more preferably 6.7 J / K or higher. By ensuring that the portion with a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher has a melting point of 1000°C or higher, even if a disproportionation reaction occurs, the melting of that portion can be suppressed. Furthermore, by having this heat capacity, it is believed that even if a disproportionation reaction occurs within the apparatus, the high heat capacity portion absorbs heat, suppressing a rapid temperature rise and inhibiting the propagation of the disproportionation reaction.

[0028] In the device, the portion with a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher is preferably the portion that comes into contact with the composition when the composition is used. The portion with a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher in the device can be a single component or an assembly of multiple components. The portion with a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher in the device is preferably made of metal, for example.

[0029] There is no particular limitation on such a device; it can be a transfer pipe for conveying the above-described composition, or, for example, a device including a movable part and / or an electric part. As a device including a movable part and / or an electric part, it can be, for example, a compressor used in a refrigeration cycle device, or a control valve such as an expansion valve or an on / off valve. In such a device with a movable part, a disproportionation reaction is easily caused by the frictional heat of the movable part; in a device with an electric part, a disproportionation reaction is easily caused by the electrical energy of the electric part, but the propagation of such disproportionation reactions can be suppressed. As a refrigeration cycle device having such a compressor or control valve, for example, it can be... Figure 1 The refrigeration cycle device 1 shown is a refrigerant circuit 10 consisting of a compressor 21, a receiver 41, a four-way switching valve 22, an outdoor heat exchanger 23, an expansion valve 24, and an indoor heat exchanger 31 connected by refrigerant piping, an outdoor fan 25, an indoor fan 32, and a controller 7. The refrigerant circuit 10 is filled with the aforementioned composition as a refrigerant, along with refrigeration oil. The controller 7 drives and controls the compressor 21, expansion valve 24, outdoor fan 25, and indoor fan 32 to circulate the refrigerant within the refrigerant circuit 10, thus performing a refrigeration cycle.

[0030] In the use of the above-described composition in the apparatus, the apparatus, and the refrigeration cycle apparatus, according to the test results confirmed by the inventors, even if a disproportionation reaction occurs, the propagation of the disproportionation reaction can be suppressed.

[0031] Specifically, the inventor prepared Figure 2 The experimental setup shown involves a disproportionation reaction. The heat capacity and other properties of the mesh component surrounding the site of the disproportionation reaction are changed, and the propagation of the disproportionation reaction is observed. The experimental setup mainly consists of a pressure vessel P, an ignition source S, and a mesh component M. The pressure vessel P is a container with a cylindrical internal space. The ignition source S is a platinum wire connected between two electrodes at the center of the internal space of the pressure vessel P. The mesh component M is a cylindrical mesh component arranged to cover the ignition source S radially outward. It should be noted that this mesh component is used to maintain the refrigerant pressure equally on both the inner and outer sides of the mesh component M during the test. The experimental setup is constructed such that the radial dimension of the internal space of the pressure vessel P is sufficiently larger than the radial dimension of the mesh component M. The mesh component M is configured by rolling up a mesh sheet into a cylindrical shape. It should be noted that the mesh size of the mesh component M is uniform in all test examples. The same SUS mesh sheet is used in test examples 1-9, and the heat capacity is changed by increasing or decreasing the number of windings. It should also be noted that the radial thickness of any mesh component M is uniformly set to approximately 1-3 mm. Here, the pressure vessel P is filled with 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132) as a refrigerant, with the refrigerant temperature at 150°C and the refrigerant pressure at 1.5 MPa. Regarding the mesh component M, the material, diameter D, and heat capacity are changed, and it is observed whether the propagation of the disproportionation reaction caused by the spark from the ignition source S extends radially to the outer side of the mesh component M. The test results are shown below.

[0032] It should be noted that in the table below, "Post-reaction state" indicates the result of visually confirming the state of the mesh component M after the disproportionation reaction has occurred. Additionally, "Temperature rise outside the mesh component (°C)" indicates the highest temperature reached during the disproportionation reaction, measured using the temperature detected by a temperature sensor located inside the pressure vessel P and on the outside of the mesh component M.

[0033] Table 1

[0034]

[0035] Based on the above test results, the glass fiber mesh component M in Test Example 10 has a melting point as low as 840°C. Therefore, due to the disproportionation reaction, it melts and disappears when exposed to a high-temperature environment. In Test Example 10, it was confirmed that the temperature of the external refrigerant was higher than that of the area where the mesh component M was located, confirming that the propagation of the disproportionation reaction could not be suppressed.

[0036] Furthermore, in Test Examples 1, 2, 4-6, and 8, although the SUS-based mesh component M had a high melting point of 1400°C, its insufficient heat capacity (less than 6.5 J / K) resulted in a temperature rise in the refrigerant outside the mesh component M, confirming that the propagation of the disproportionation reaction could not be suppressed. Specifically, in Test Examples 1 and 2, with very low heat capacities (0.65–1.30 J / K), the mesh component M completely melted. In Test Examples 4-6 and 8, with relatively low heat capacities (1.91–6.49 J / K), a portion of the mesh component M melted, creating radially penetrating holes in the mesh component M.

[0037] On the other hand, in Test Examples 3, 7, and 9, the mesh component M made of SUS had a melting point as high as 1400°C and a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or more. Therefore, there was no melting of the mesh component M and no temperature rise of the refrigerant outside the mesh component M. Thus, it was confirmed that the propagation of the disproportionation reaction was suppressed.

[0038] It should be noted that, for example, when comparing Test Example 3 and Test Example 6, both have a common feature: the mesh component M is SUS with a melting point of 1400℃ and a diameter of 13mm. However, in Test Example 6, the propagation of the disproportionation reaction could not be suppressed, while in Test Example 3, the propagation of the disproportionation reaction was suppressed (the relationship between Test Example 9 and Test Example 1, and between Test Example 7 and Test Example 5, etc., are also the same). Therefore, it can be concluded that the diameter of the mesh component M is irrelevant to suppressing the propagation of the disproportionation reaction.

[0039] (Postscript)

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, it should be understood that various changes can be made to the methods and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims.

[0041] Existing technical documents

[0042] Patent documents

[0043] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-196312

Claims

1. Use of a composition in an apparatus for suppressing the propagation of a refrigerant disproportionation reaction, the composition comprising one or more of a group selected from ethylene-based fluoroolefins, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf), and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234ze), the composition being used as a refrigerant, the apparatus having a portion having a melting point of 1000°C or higher, the portion having a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher.

2. The use as described in claim 1, wherein, The composition comprises one or more of the following: 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132), 1,1-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132a), 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123), monofluoroethylene (HFO-1141), and perhalogenated olefins.

3. The use as described in claim 2, wherein, The composition comprises 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132) and / or 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123).

4. A refrigeration cycle device having a refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant circuit comprising: Devices used to suppress the propagation of refrigerant disproportionation reactions; and the refrigerant piping connected to the device for suppressing the propagation of the refrigerant disproportionation reaction, The device for suppressing the propagation of refrigerant disproportionation reaction uses a composition comprising one or more of the following groups: fluoroolefins selected from ethylene groups, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234yf), and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene (HFO-1234ze), which is used as a refrigerant. The device for suppressing the propagation of refrigerant disproportionation reaction has a portion having a melting point of 1000°C or higher and a heat capacity of 6.5 J / K or higher.

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