Cabin fireproof heat insulation system
By combining fireproof grilles, through-hole components, and multi-layer fireproof insulation panels, the problem of unsatisfactory heat insulation effect of marine fireproof coatings in high-temperature environments is solved, achieving more efficient fireproof performance and heat insulation effect, protecting cables and pipelines, ensuring structural stability, and facilitating installation and maintenance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FOSHAN NANHAI CHONGTAI FIREPROOF MATERIAL CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing fire-retardant coatings for ships do not provide ideal heat insulation in high-temperature environments, and the heat radiation from the steel bulkheads may ignite flammable materials inside the cabin, posing a potential fire risk.
The design incorporates a combination of fireproof grilles, fireproof penetrations, and fireproof insulation panels. The fireproof grilles expand and close their openings when exposed to fire, the fireproof penetrations protect cables and pipes, and the fireproof insulation panels are composed of multiple layers of materials and are fixed by connecting components to enhance fireproof and heat insulation effects.
It improves fire resistance, reduces the risk of fire spread, enhances fire protection for cables and pipes, slows heat transfer, buys time for personnel evacuation and rescue, and has a stable structure that is easy to install and maintain.
Smart Images
Figure CN224131243U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fire protection device technology, and in particular to a fireproof and heat-insulating system for ship cabins. Background Technology
[0002] As a key tool for navigation, transportation, and berthing operations in waterways, ships spend most of their time in waters far from land. Therefore, there are extremely strict requirements for the anti-sinking and fire-resistant performance of ships.
[0003] Currently, the common fire prevention method on ships is to apply fire-retardant coatings to the steel plates. However, steel plates themselves have high thermal conductivity, and relying solely on the heat insulation effect of the coating is not ideal, especially in high-temperature operating environments such as the engine room. Although fire-retardant coatings can prevent the spread of open flames to some extent, the steel plate bulkheads release high-intensity heat radiation when heated. This heat radiation is highly likely to ignite flammable materials inside the compartment, thus posing a potential fire risk. Utility Model Content
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide at least one beneficial option or create conditions to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] The solution to the technical problem of this utility model is: a fireproof and heat-insulating system for ship cabins, comprising a fireproof grille, a fireproof penetrating element, a fireproof and heat-insulating board, and multiple connecting components. The fireproof and heat-insulating board is provided with a first opening and a second opening. The fireproof grille covers the first opening and is used to quickly expand and close the first opening when exposed to fire. The fireproof penetrating element is inserted into the second opening and is used to insert cables and pipes. The fireproof and heat-insulating board includes a fireproof protective layer and a fireproof and heat-insulating layer, which are connected and fixed by the connecting components.
[0006] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the connecting assembly includes a gasket, a connector, a fireproof and heat-insulating washer, a first nut, multiple second nuts, and multiple second bolts. The connector includes a connecting plate and a first bolt vertically disposed on the connecting plate. The fireproof protective layer has a through-hole, and the first bolt passes through the first through-hole. The first nut cooperates with the first bolt to fix the fireproof protective layer to the connector. The gasket is fitted onto the first bolt and is disposed between the fireproof protective layer and the first nut. The fireproof and heat-insulating layer has multiple through-holes, and the connecting plate has multiple through-holes. The second bolts are correspondingly disposed in the second through-holes and the third through-holes. The second nut cooperates with the second bolt to fix the fireproof and heat-insulating layer to the connector. The fireproof and heat-insulating washer is fitted onto the second bolt and is disposed between the head of the connecting plate and the second bolt.
[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the diameter of the third through hole is larger than the diameter of the head of the second bolt, and the outer diameter of the fireproof and heat-insulating washer is larger than the diameter of the third through hole.
[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the fireproof grille includes a grille body, the grille body is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes, and the grille body is also provided with a plurality of fireproof expansion strips that expand when exposed to fire and block the ventilation holes.
[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the fireproof penetration component includes a sleeve body and an inflatable fireproof tube, wherein the inflatable fireproof tube is filled in the sleeve body and is used for laying cables and pipelines.
[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the fireproof protection layer is provided with a first protective layer, an isolation layer and a first heat insulation layer from the inside out, and the fireproof heat insulation layer is provided with a core layer, a second heat insulation layer and a second protective layer from the inside out.
[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the material of the first protective layer is an inorganic nanoplate, specifically a mica plate; the material of the isolation layer is ceramic fiber cotton, specifically a marine soluble fiber blanket; the material of the first heat insulation layer is inorganic expanded fiber cotton, specifically a fireproof and heat-insulating nanomaterial; the material of the core layer is a nano heat insulation board, specifically a polymer fireproof and heat-insulating material; the material of the second heat insulation layer is inorganic expanded fiber cotton, specifically a fireproof and heat-insulating nanomaterial; and the material of the second protective layer is an aluminum plate, specifically an aluminum alloy plate, wherein the aluminum alloy plate is the outermost layer and the mica plate is the innermost layer.
[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the ship cabin fireproof and heat insulation system also includes an edging covering the perimeter of the fireproof and heat insulation board, the edging being made of L-shaped angle iron.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The fireproof grille expands and automatically closes the first opening when heated, effectively preventing the spread of fire through the opening and improving overall fire resistance. The fireproof penetration component also provides fire protection for cables and pipes running through it, reducing the risk of fire spreading through these paths. The fireproof insulation board consists of a fireproof protective layer and a fireproof insulation layer, enhancing fire resistance and improving insulation performance. In the event of a fire, it effectively slows the transfer of heat to unburned areas, buying more time for evacuation and fire rescue. The connecting components securely connect and fix the fireproof protective layer and the fireproof insulation layer, ensuring the stability of the fireproof insulation board structure. Furthermore, this design facilitates installation and maintenance in practical applications, improving practicality and convenience. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the fireproof and heat-insulating board and connecting components in this utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting component in this utility model.
[0017] In the attached diagram: 1-Fireproof grille, 2-Fireproof penetrating component, 3-Fireproof and heat-insulating board, 301-Fireproof protective layer, 302-Fireproof and heat-insulating layer, 303-First protective layer, 304-Isolation layer, 305-First heat-insulating layer, 306-Core layer, 307-Second heat-insulating layer, 308-Second protective layer, 4-Connecting assembly, 401-Gasket, 402-Connector, 403-Fireproof and heat-insulating washer, 404-First nut, 405-Second nut, 406-Second bolt, 407-Connecting plate, 408-First bolt, 409-First through hole, 410-Second through hole, 411-Third through hole, 5-Edge binding. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments have been briefly explained above. Obviously, the described drawings are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Those skilled in the art can obtain other design schemes and drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of this utility model in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of this utility model. Furthermore, all connections / linkages mentioned herein do not simply refer to direct contact between components, but rather to the ability to form a better connection structure by adding or reducing connecting accessories according to specific implementation conditions. The various technical features in this utility model can be combined interactively without contradicting each other.
[0020] As a key tool for navigation, transportation, and berthing operations in waterways, ships spend most of their time in waters far from land. Therefore, there are extremely strict requirements for the anti-sinking and fire-resistant performance of ships.
[0021] Currently, the common fire prevention method on ships is to apply fire-retardant coatings to the steel plates. However, steel plates themselves have high thermal conductivity, and relying solely on the heat insulation effect of the coating is not ideal, especially in high-temperature operating environments such as the engine room. Although fire-retardant coatings can prevent the spread of open flames to some extent, the steel plate bulkheads release high-intensity heat radiation when heated. This heat radiation is highly likely to ignite flammable materials inside the compartment, thus posing a potential fire risk.
[0022] Therefore, this utility model proposes a fireproof and heat-insulating system for ship cabins, referring to... Figures 1-3 It includes a fireproof grille 1, a fireproof penetrating element 2, a fireproof heat insulation board 3, and multiple connecting components 4. The fireproof heat insulation board 3 has a first opening and a second opening. The fireproof grille 1 covers the first opening. The fireproof grille 1 is used to quickly expand and close the first opening when exposed to fire. The fireproof penetrating element 2 is inserted into the second opening. The fireproof penetrating element 2 is used to insert cables and pipes. The fireproof heat insulation board 3 includes a fireproof protective layer 301 and a fireproof heat insulation layer 302. The fireproof protective layer 301 and the fireproof heat insulation layer 302 are connected and fixed by the connecting components 4.
[0023] The fireproof grille 1 expands and automatically closes the first opening when heated, effectively preventing the spread of fire through the opening and improving the overall fire resistance. The fireproof penetration element 2 also provides fire protection for cables and pipes running through it, reducing the risk of fire spreading through these paths. The fireproof insulation board 3 consists of a fireproof protective layer 301 and a fireproof insulation layer 302, enhancing fire resistance and improving insulation performance. In the event of a fire, it effectively slows the transfer of heat to unburned areas, buying more time for evacuation and fire rescue. The fireproof protective layer 301 and the fireproof insulation layer 302 are connected and fixed by the connecting component 4, ensuring the stability of the fireproof insulation board 3 structure. This design also facilitates installation and maintenance in practical applications, improving practicality and convenience.
[0024] The metal connector 402 has high thermal conductivity, which may cause heat to be conducted through the connector 402, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the fireproof insulation board 3. Therefore, in one embodiment, the connecting assembly 4 includes a gasket 401, a connector 402, a fireproof insulation washer 403, a first nut 404, a plurality of second nuts 405, and a plurality of second bolts 406. The connector 402 includes a connecting plate 407 and a first bolt 408 vertically disposed on the connecting plate 407. The fireproof protective layer 301 has a through hole 409, and the first bolt 408 passes through the first through hole 409. The first nut 404 cooperates with the first bolt 408 to fix the fireproof protective layer 301 to the connector 402. The gasket 401 is sleeved on the first bolt 408. A piece 401 is disposed between the fireproof protective layer 301 and the first nut 404. The fireproof and heat-insulating layer 302 is provided with a plurality of through second through holes 410. The connecting plate 407 is provided with a plurality of through third through holes 411. The second bolt 406 is correspondingly inserted into the second through holes 410 and the third through holes 411. The second nut 405 cooperates with the second bolt 406 to fix the fireproof and heat-insulating layer 302 to the connecting member 402. The fireproof and heat-insulating washer 403 is sleeved on the second bolt 406. The fireproof and heat-insulating washer 403 is disposed between the connecting plate 407 and the bolt head of the second bolt 406.
[0025] The engagement of the first nut 404 with the first bolt 408, and the engagement of the second nut 405 with the second bolt 406, ensures a firm connection between the fireproof protective layer 301 and the fireproof insulation layer 302 and the connector 402, thereby improving the stability and durability of the entire fireproof insulation board 3. The gasket 401 not only provides additional cushioning and protection, but also reduces heat transfer caused by the tightening of the nuts. The fireproof insulation washer 403 directly blocks the heat transfer on the connecting assembly 4, further improving the efficiency of the entire fire protection system.
[0026] In one embodiment, the diameter of the third through hole 411 is larger than the diameter of the head of the second bolt 406, and the outer diameter of the fireproof and heat-insulating washer 403 is larger than the diameter of the third through hole 411. This creates a gap between the bolt head and the connecting plate 407, blocking the heat transfer path. The main function of the fireproof and heat-insulating washer 403 is to provide heat insulation protection. In high-temperature environments, it can effectively prevent heat from being transferred from the bolt to the connecting plate 407, thereby preventing the connecting plate 407 from deforming or being damaged due to heat.
[0027] In the event of a fire, smoke and flames may leak through the grille, accelerating the spread of the fire. Therefore, in one embodiment, the fireproof grille 1 includes a grille body with multiple ventilation holes and multiple fire-resistant expansion strips that expand upon contact with fire and block the ventilation holes. When a fire occurs, the fire-resistant expansion strips respond quickly, expanding upon contact with fire and tightly sealing the ventilation holes on the grille body. This effectively prevents the spread of fire and smoke through the ventilation holes. During the expansion process, the fire-resistant expansion strips increase the overall strength of the grille body, helping to prevent the grille from deforming or collapsing due to heat during a fire, thus maintaining the integrity of the structure.
[0028] Preferably, the grille body and the first opening are sealed together using a high-temperature resistant sealant.
[0029] Therefore, in one embodiment, the fireproof penetration member 2 includes a sleeve body and an inflatable fireproof tube, the inflatable fireproof tube filling the sleeve body, and the inflatable fireproof tube being used for cable and conduit installation. The inflatable fireproof tube provides a robust fire barrier for cables and conduits. In the early stages of a fire, it effectively prevents flames from directly contacting and burning these critical facilities, ensuring the normal operation of the power system and continuous data transmission. Secondly, the inflatable fireproof tube has a unique expansion and contraction effect. When the cables or conduits within the sleeve body are burned by a fire, the inflatable fireproof tube can respond quickly, expand upon heating, and fill the space of the burned portion, effectively isolating the direct connection between the burned and unburned portions, blocking the propagation path of the flames, thereby improving the fireproof effect of the entire cable and conduit penetration device.
[0030] Preferably, the sleeve body and the second opening are sealed together using a high-temperature resistant sealing element.
[0031] In one embodiment, the fireproof protective layer 301 is provided with a first protective layer 303, an isolation layer 304, and a first heat insulation layer 305 sequentially from the inside out, and the fireproof heat insulation layer 302 is provided with a core layer 306, a second heat insulation layer 307, and a second protective layer 308 sequentially from the inside out. This multi-layered structure allows each layer to perform its specific function, working together to improve the overall fire resistance. Through reasonable material selection and interlayer coordination, the working time of the fireproof heat insulation board 3 in high-temperature environments can be significantly extended. The material and structural design between each layer helps optimize heat management, reduce heat conduction and radiation, improve fire resistance, and enhance the stability of the overall structure. The interaction and support between the layers enable the fireproof heat insulation board 3 to maintain its shape and structural integrity during a fire, preventing deformation or collapse due to high temperatures.
[0032] In one embodiment, the first protective layer 303 is made of inorganic nanoplate, specifically mica plate; the isolation layer 304 is made of ceramic fiber cotton, specifically marine soluble fiber blanket; the first heat insulation layer 305 is made of inorganic expanded fiber cotton, specifically fireproof and heat-insulating nanomaterial; the core layer 306 is made of nano heat insulation board, specifically polymer fireproof and heat-insulating material; the second heat insulation layer 307 is made of inorganic expanded fiber cotton, specifically fireproof and heat-insulating nanomaterial; and the second protective layer 308 is made of aluminum plate, specifically aluminum alloy plate, wherein the aluminum alloy plate is the outermost layer and the mica plate is the innermost layer. Mica sheet, as the innermost layer, is thin but dense and strong, effectively insulating heat and protecting the insulated object from damage. Marine-grade soluble fiber blankets provide effective heat and sound insulation, reducing external influences on the interior. In high-temperature or fire conditions, they maintain structural integrity, prevent the spread of fire, and are lightweight yet strong, facilitating installation and construction. Non-fire-retardant heat-insulating nanomaterials offer excellent heat insulation, reducing heat transfer and improving energy efficiency. They are chemically stable, suitable for various harsh environments, and increase the overall structural strength and stability. High-polymer fire-retardant heat-insulating materials provide crucial heat insulation and thermal insulation effects, exhibiting excellent high-temperature resistance, suitable for high-temperature environments, and a long lifespan, reducing replacement and maintenance costs. Aluminum alloy sheets provide overall structural protection and support, offering excellent fire resistance, increasing overall structural safety, and are easy to clean and maintain.
[0033] Preferably, in one embodiment, the thickness of the first protective layer 303 is 0.5 mm, which ensures sufficient physical barrier function while avoiding increased overall weight and cost due to excessive thickness; the thickness of the isolation layer 304 is 30 mm, ensuring sufficient heat insulation effect and physical strength, and maintaining its structural integrity in a fire; the thickness of the first heat insulation layer 305 is 5 mm, which, although thin, is sufficient to rapidly expand and fill gaps at high temperatures, improving the overall heat insulation effect; the thickness of the core layer 306 is 20 mm, ensuring heat insulation effect while also considering the lightweight and cost-effectiveness of the overall structure; the thickness of the second heat insulation layer 307 is 2 mm, which expands rapidly at high temperatures to form a tight heat insulation barrier, effectively blocking heat transfer to the interior; the thickness of the second protective layer 308 is 6 mm, providing sufficient physical protection while maintaining the lightweight of the overall structure.
[0034] In one embodiment, the ship's cabin fireproof and heat-insulating system further includes an edging 5 covering the perimeter of the fireproof and heat-insulating panel 3, the edging 5 being made of L-shaped angle iron. The main function of the L-shaped angle iron edging 5 is to enhance the structural strength of the fireproof and heat-insulating panel 3 while providing additional fire protection. The dimensions of the L-shaped angle iron can be customized according to actual needs to adapt to fireproof and heat-insulating panels 3 of different thicknesses and different installation environments. Furthermore, the surface of the L-shaped angle iron can be painted to improve its corrosion resistance and aesthetics. During installation, the L-shaped angle iron is fixed to the perimeter of the fireproof and heat-insulating panel 3 by welding or bolting, ensuring the stability and durability of the entire panel assembly.
[0035] Preferably, the L-shaped angle iron has a size of 30×30mm.
[0036] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: the fireproof grille 1 expands and automatically closes the first opening when heated, effectively preventing the spread of fire through the opening and improving the overall fire resistance. The fireproof penetration member 2 also provides fire protection for cables and pipes running through it, reducing the risk of fire spreading through these paths. The fireproof insulation board 3 consists of a fireproof protective layer 301 and a fireproof insulation layer 302, enhancing fire resistance and improving insulation performance. In the event of a fire, it can effectively slow the transfer of heat to unburned areas, buying more time for personnel evacuation and fire rescue. The fireproof protective layer 301 and the fireproof insulation layer 302 are connected and fixed by the connecting component 4, ensuring the stability of the fireproof insulation board 3 structure. At the same time, this design also facilitates installation and maintenance in practical applications, improving practicality and convenience.
[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A fireproofing and insulating system for a ship's hold, characterized in that, The device includes a fireproof grille (1), a fireproof penetrating element (2), a fireproof heat insulation board (3), and multiple connecting components (4). The fireproof heat insulation board (3) has a first opening and a second opening. The fireproof grille (1) covers the first opening. The fireproof grille (1) is used to quickly expand and close the first opening when exposed to fire. The fireproof penetrating element (2) is inserted into the second opening. The fireproof penetrating element (2) is used to insert cables and pipes. The fireproof heat insulation board (3) includes a fireproof protective layer (301) and a fireproof heat insulation layer (302). The fireproof protective layer (301) and the fireproof heat insulation layer (302) are connected and fixed by the connecting components (4).
2. The fire protection and insulation system for a ship's hold of claim 1, wherein, The connecting assembly (4) includes a gasket (401), a connector (402), a fireproof and heat-insulating washer (403), a first nut (404), a plurality of second nuts (405), and a plurality of second bolts (406). The connector (402) includes a connecting plate (407) and a first bolt (408) vertically disposed on the connecting plate (407). The fireproof protective layer (301) has a through hole (409). The first bolt (408) passes through the first through hole (409). The first nut (404) cooperates with the first bolt (408) to fix the fireproof protective layer (301) to the connector (402). The gasket (401) is sleeved on the first bolt (408). 1) The fireproof and heat-insulating layer (302) is provided with multiple through second holes (410) between the fireproof protective layer (301) and the first nut (404). The fireproof and heat-insulating layer (302) is provided with multiple through third holes (411) between the connecting plate (407). The second bolt (406) is inserted into the second through hole (410) and the third through hole (411) in a corresponding manner. The second nut (405) cooperates with the second bolt (406) to fix the fireproof and heat-insulating layer (302) to the connector (402). The fireproof and heat-insulating washer (403) is sleeved on the second bolt (406). The fireproof and heat-insulating washer (403) is provided between the head of the connecting plate (407) and the second bolt (406).
3. The fire protection and thermal insulation system for a ship's hold according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the third through hole (411) is larger than the diameter of the head of the second bolt (406), and the outer diameter of the fireproof and heat-insulating washer (403) is larger than the diameter of the third through hole (411).
4. The fire protection and insulation system for a ship's hold of claim 1, wherein, The fireproof grille (1) includes a grille body, which has multiple ventilation holes and multiple fireproof expansion strips that expand when exposed to fire and block the ventilation holes.
5. The fire protection and insulation system for a ship's hold of claim 1, wherein, The fireproof penetrating component (2) includes a sleeve body and an inflatable fireproof tube. The inflatable fireproof tube is filled in the sleeve body and is used for laying cables and pipelines.
6. The fire protection and insulation system for a ship's hold of claim 1, wherein, The fireproof protective layer (301) is provided with a first protective layer (303), an isolation layer (304) and a first heat insulation layer (305) from the inside out, and the fireproof heat insulation layer (302) is provided with a core layer (306), a second heat insulation layer (307) and a second protective layer (308) from the inside out.
7. A fire protection and insulation system for a ship's hold according to claim 6, characterized in that The first protective layer (303) is made of inorganic nanoplate, specifically mica plate; the isolation layer (304) is made of ceramic fiber cotton, specifically marine soluble fiber blanket; the first heat insulation layer (305) is made of inorganic expanded fiber cotton, specifically fireproof and heat-insulating nanomaterial; the core layer (306) is made of nano heat insulation board, specifically polymer fireproof and heat-insulating material; the second heat insulation layer (307) is made of inorganic expanded fiber cotton, specifically fireproof and heat-insulating nanomaterial; and the second protective layer (308) is made of aluminum plate, specifically aluminum alloy plate, wherein the aluminum alloy plate is the outermost layer and the mica plate is the innermost layer.
8. The ship cabin fireproof and heat insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fireproof and heat-insulating system for the cabin also includes a edging (5) covering the fireproof and heat-insulating board (3) and the edging (5) is made of L-shaped angle iron.