Water hammer protection device, system and water hammer protection method for discharge gallery beside ship lock

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of water transport engineering technology, and specifically discloses a water hammer protection device, system, and water hammer protection method for a discharge gallery beside a ship lock. The water hammer protection device includes a water storage chamber, a connecting pipe provided at the bottom of the water storage chamber, one end of the connecting pipe communicating with the water storage chamber, and the other end of the connecting pipe communicating with the discharge gallery. An adjustable energy dissipation mechanism is provided in the water storage chamber, so that when the water in the water storage chamber flows toward the discharge gallery, the water in the water storage chamber can be quickly flowed toward the discharge gallery by adjusting the energy dissipation mechanism. Also, when the water in the discharge gallery flows toward the water storage chamber, the water flow impedance can be increased and the flow rate of the water in the discharge gallery entering the water storage chamber can be prolonged. The water hammer protection device can reflect water hammer waves, reduce the water hammer negative pressure behind the discharge gate, and quickly attenuate the reciprocating water flow in the discharge gallery, thereby ensuring structural safety and guaranteeing the navigation efficiency of the ship lock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of water transport engineering technology, relates to the field of ship navigation safety technology, and particularly relates to a water hammer protection device, system and water hammer protection method for a discharge gallery beside a ship lock. Background Art

[0002] To improve the navigation efficiency of ship locks, ship lock projects on high-grade waterways both domestically and internationally typically employ a multi-line lock arrangement. The unsteady flow conditions created by water release in these parallel locks can cause turbulent flow and water level fluctuations in the downstream navigation channel, impacting the operation of the locks and the navigation and berthing conditions for ships within the channel, leading to collisions and ship scrapings. For example, the Sanjiang Navigation Channel, shared by the Gezhouba No. 2 and No. 3 ship locks, suffered a ship scraping accident shortly after its completion and operation due to the long-wave motion of the lock release. Similarly, during water release at the Siyang ship lock on the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in Jiangsu Province, the reverse head generated by the unsteady flow in the downstream navigation channel damaged the miter gate opening and closing mechanism.

[0003] In view of this, the drainage systems of the multi-line parallel layout ship lock projects planned to be built recently often have long drainage corridors set up beside the ship locks, such as Figure 1 As shown, the water in the lock chamber 100 is directly discharged into the downstream river channel outside the lower navigation channel 400 through the discharge corridor 300, thereby avoiding any impact on ship navigation and lock operation. During the operation of the discharge corridor beside the lock, after the discharge gate 200 on the discharge corridor 300 is closed, the water flow in the discharge corridor 300 will continue to flow downstream due to inertia, causing the water pressure behind the discharge gate 200 to drop significantly and forming a water hammer wave that oscillates within the discharge corridor 300. Relevant research shows that under normal closed conditions of the discharge gate 200, the maximum water hammer negative head can reach 100 meters, and under emergency closed conditions, the maximum water hammer negative head can reach more than 150 meters. Excessive negative pressure will cause the liquid column behind the discharge gate to separate and cause severe vibration of the discharge system, thereby damaging the discharge system and endangering the entire lock project.

[0004] Currently, there are two main methods for reducing water hammer pressure within the discharge corridor of a ship lock. One is to increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge corridor. This is usually done by connecting multiple branches or partially expanding the discharge corridor. This can change the reflection characteristics of the water hammer wave, allowing the reflected wave to reach the gate earlier and offset the water hammer pressure. However, this method requires large engineering investment and has limited effectiveness in eliminating water hammer pressure. The other is to extend the closing time of the discharge gate to minimize the occurrence of direct water hammer. This allows the pressure behind the gate to slowly decrease until the water hammer wave reflected at the discharge corridor outlet reaches the gate to offset the water hammer pressure. However, this method will cause the gate closing time to be extended, which will in turn affect the navigation efficiency of the ship lock. In the event of an emergency, the gate must be closed urgently, and the water hammer pressure cannot be reduced by extending the closing time.

[0005] In order to ensure navigation efficiency, the ship lock needs to complete a single pass operation in the shortest possible time, that is, the ship lock is filled with water, the ship enters the lock, the lock is discharged, and the ship exits the lock. A single pass operation of a large single-stage ship lock usually takes 40 to 60 minutes, and the discharge gates of the discharge corridor next to the ship lock need to complete a cyclical opening and closing action approximately once an hour. It can be seen that the opening and closing actions of the gates of the discharge corridor system of the ship lock are very frequent, and it is difficult to ensure structural safety by extending the closing time of the discharge gates to reduce water hammer pressure. At the same time, the non-constant discharge process caused by the frequent operation of the discharge corridor gates is complex, and the water hammer damage problem is significant. Under the premise of ensuring the navigation efficiency of the ship lock, how to achieve rapid attenuation of the water flow in the discharge corridor is also a primary technical problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a water hammer protection device, system and water hammer protection method for the discharge corridor beside the ship lock. The water hammer protection device can reflect water hammer waves, reduce the water hammer negative pressure behind the discharge gate, and quickly attenuate the reciprocating water flow in the discharge corridor, thereby ensuring structural safety and guaranteeing the navigation efficiency of the ship lock.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0008] A water hammer protection device for a discharge gallery beside a ship lock comprises a water storage cavity. A connecting pipe is provided at the bottom of the water storage cavity. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the water storage cavity, and the other end of the connecting pipe is used to communicate with the discharge gallery.

[0009] An adjustable energy dissipation mechanism is provided in the water storage cavity, which can be adjusted to allow the water in the water storage cavity to flow quickly to the discharge corridor when the water in the water storage cavity flows to the discharge corridor.

[0010] Also, when the water in the discharge corridor flows into the water storage cavity, the flow impedance is increased and the process of the water in the discharge corridor entering the water storage cavity is prolonged.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy dissipation mechanism is composed of two energy dissipation units, which are arranged in parallel and located on opposite sides of the connecting pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, each energy dissipation unit is composed of two vertically arranged energy dissipation plates, which are parallel to each other and arranged side by side. Each energy dissipation plate is provided with a number of horizontally arranged water holes. One of the energy dissipation plates is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the water storage cavity and the two vertically arranged side edges of the energy dissipation plate are fixed to the water storage cavity. The other energy dissipation plate can be raised and lowered, so that the relative positions of the water holes of the two energy dissipation plates can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the other energy dissipation plate, thereby adjusting the water flow impedance.

[0013] Furthermore, limiting grooves are provided on the inner walls of the water storage cavity corresponding to the two vertical sides of the other energy dissipation plate. The other energy dissipation plate is placed in the limiting grooves and connected to the other energy dissipation plate through a driving mechanism to adjust the lifting of the other energy dissipation plate.

[0014] The present invention also provides a water hammer protection system for a discharge corridor beside a ship lock, comprising a discharge corridor, wherein the inlet end of the discharge corridor is connected to the ship lock chamber, the outlet end of the discharge corridor is connected to the downstream river channel outside the lower navigation channel, and a discharge gate is provided near the inlet end of the discharge corridor.

[0015] It also includes the water hammer protection device mentioned above, which is arranged above the corresponding discharge gallery behind the discharge gate, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the discharge gallery.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a control unit, a driving mechanism and a water flow direction detector, wherein the water flow direction detector is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting pipe and is used to detect the water flow direction in the connecting pipe.

[0017] The driving mechanism is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism to drive and adjust the energy dissipation mechanism; the water flow direction detector and the driving mechanism are both connected to the control unit, so that the control unit can control the driving mechanism according to the water flow direction data detected in real time by the water flow direction detector to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism.

[0018] The present invention also provides a method for water hammer protection of a discharge gallery beside a ship lock, which adopts the water hammer protection system described above to perform water hammer protection, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0019] (1) When the water flow direction detector detects that the water in the water storage chamber flows toward the discharge gallery, the control unit controls the driving mechanism to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism so that the water in the water storage chamber flows quickly toward the discharge gallery;

[0020] (2) When the water level in the water storage cavity is lower than the water level in the downstream river and cannot drop any further, the water in the discharge corridor will flow back into the water storage cavity. At this time, the control unit controls the driving mechanism to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism to increase the water flow impedance and prolong the flow of the water in the discharge corridor into the water storage cavity.

[0021] (3) When the water level in the water storage chamber is higher than the water level in the downstream river and cannot rise any further, the water in the water storage chamber flows to the discharge corridor, and steps (1) and (2) are repeated until the water level in the water storage chamber is consistent with the water level in the downstream river.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention provides a water hammer protection device on the discharge corridor. The water stored in the water storage chamber can supplement the water flow out due to inertia when the discharge gate is closed, thereby realizing rapid reflection of the water hammer wave. During the decompression process, the kinetic energy and potential energy of the water in the discharge corridor are converted into each other, thereby reducing the water hammer pressure behind the gate.

[0024] 2. The present invention is provided with an energy dissipation mechanism in the water storage cavity. The energy dissipation mechanism can partially block the movement of water flow, increase the water flow resistance, and increase the kinetic energy dissipation of the moving water body. By adjusting the energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation mechanism, the reciprocating motion of the water flow in the discharge corridor and the water level fluctuation in the water storage cavity can be quickly attenuated and stabilized, thereby preventing the reciprocating water flow from affecting the next periodic discharge of the lock and avoiding possible structural vibration problems, thereby ensuring the navigation efficiency of the lock. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 -Schematic diagram of the plan layout of the discharge corridor beside the lock.

[0026] Figure 2 - Plan layout of water hammer protection devices installed on the spillway.

[0027] Figure 3 -Elevation view of water hammer protection device installed on the drainage gallery.

[0028] Figure 4 -Schematic diagram of the structure of the energy dissipation plate in embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 5 -Side view of the energy dissipation unit in embodiment 1.

[0030] Among them: 100-ship lock chamber; 200-sluice gate; 300-sluice gallery; 400-lower navigation channel; 500-water hammer protection device; 1-water storage cavity; 2-connecting pipe; 3-energy dissipation mechanism; 31-energy dissipation plate; 32-water hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 A water hammer protection device 500 for a discharge corridor beside a ship lock includes a water storage cavity 1. A connecting pipe 2 is provided at the bottom of the water storage cavity 1. One end of the connecting pipe 2 is connected to the water storage cavity 1, and the other end of the connecting pipe 2 is used to connect to the discharge corridor 300.

[0033] An adjustable energy dissipation mechanism 3 is provided in the water storage cavity 1, so that when the water in the water storage cavity 1 flows to the drainage gallery 300, the water in the water storage cavity 1 can flow quickly to the drainage gallery 300 by adjusting the energy dissipation mechanism 3; and when the water in the drainage gallery 300 flows to the water storage cavity 1, the water flow impedance is increased and the process of the water in the drainage gallery 300 entering the water storage cavity 1 is prolonged.

[0034] In specific applications, the water hammer protection device is installed in the discharge gallery downstream of the sluice gate 200. Based on the principle of communicating vessels, the water level in the water storage chamber is initially aligned with the water level in the downstream river channel. After the sluice gate 200 initiates its closing sequence, as the pressure in the discharge gallery 300 decreases, the water in the water storage chamber 1 flows into the discharge gallery 300 through the connecting pipe 2, replenishing the water that continues to flow downstream due to inertia. During this process, the water hammer wave generated by the closing of the sluice gate 200 is immediately reflected by the expanded cross-section of the water hammer protection device, thereby suppressing the pressure drop behind the sluice gate 200. As the water flows out of the water storage chamber 1, its water level also decreases accordingly, creating a water level differential with the downstream river channel at the outlet of the discharge gallery 300. When the sluice gate 200 is fully closed and the flow velocity in the discharge gallery 300 decreases to zero, the water level in the water storage chamber 1 reaches its lowest point and is lower than the water level in the downstream river channel. This water level differential is responsible for the water level differential. The water in the discharge corridor 300 flows back into the water storage chamber 1, causing the water level in the water storage chamber 1 to rise. Eventually, due to inertia, it rises above the water level in the downstream river channel, and the backflow in the discharge corridor 300 stops. Under the influence of the new water level difference, the water in the water storage chamber 1 flows through the discharge corridor 300 to the downstream river channel. As the water in the discharge corridor 300 moves back and forth, the water level in the water storage chamber 1 fluctuates accordingly, significantly reducing the water hammer pressure generated by the closure of the discharge gate 200 in the discharge corridor 300. Ultimately, the water level in the water storage chamber 1 remains consistent with the water level in the downstream river channel due to the principle of the communicating vessel.

[0035] The water storage cavity herein is a cylindrical structure of various shapes capable of storing water. Its cross-sectional shape is arbitrary, including but not limited to rectangular, circular, triangular, polygonal, and so on. Its specific height and cross-sectional dimensions are determined by the specific project. The top of the water storage cavity may or may not be covered. The specific shape is determined by the engineering plan and layout conditions of the protected ship lock corridor. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the water storage cavity is rectangular.

[0036] The connecting pipe herein refers to any interconnecting pipe of any shape, with cross-sectional shapes including but not limited to rectangular and circular, and connection methods including but not limited to straight lines at various angles and broken lines. The length, cross-sectional dimensions, and specific shape of the connecting pipe are determined by the engineering plan and layout of the protected lock corridor. In this embodiment, the connecting pipe has a rectangular cross-sectional shape.

[0037] At the same time, the water hammer protection device described in the present invention can be constructed of any material that meets the requirements of strength, waterproofing, safety and stability, including but not limited to concrete, reinforced concrete, steel structure and new composite materials, depending on the specific layout conditions.

[0038] The energy dissipation mechanism here is a mechanism that blocks water flow and plays an energy dissipation role. The energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation mechanism in the process of water storage cavity flowing to the discharge corridor is smaller than the energy dissipation effect of water discharge corridor flowing to the water storage cavity, which facilitates the water in the water storage cavity to flow out quickly under less obstruction to replenish the water flow in the corridor behind the gate, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the water hammer negative pressure behind the gate; at the same time, it also facilitates the water level in the water storage cavity to rise smoothly, reducing the reciprocating motion inertia of the water flow, thereby effectively avoiding the continuous fluctuation of the water level in the water storage cavity, and then realizing the rapid attenuation of the reciprocating water flow between the water storage cavity and the downstream river channel.

[0039] There are many ways to set up the energy dissipation mechanism, such as setting it in a columnar form or setting it in a plate form. When the energy dissipation mechanism is set in a columnar form, its cross-sectional shape includes but is not limited to rectangular, circular, triangular or polygonal or other irregular shapes, as long as the energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation mechanism is adjustable, for example, the energy dissipation mechanism can be composed of a columnar frame, and a number of energy dissipation plates arranged on the columnar frame, each side of the columnar frame has a number of energy dissipation plates and each energy dissipation plate can be rotatably arranged on the columnar frame, then the energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation mechanism can be adjusted by rotating the energy dissipation plate. It should be noted that for the ship lock corridor discharge system where the energy dissipation problem is not prominent, energy dissipation plates may not be provided.

[0040] When the energy dissipation mechanism is provided in a plate-like form, its specific structure can be composed of a plate-like frame and a plurality of energy dissipation plates disposed on the plate-like frame. At the same time, each energy dissipation plate can be rotatably mounted on the plate-like frame. In this way, the energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation mechanism can be adjusted by rotating the energy dissipation plates. The energy dissipation mechanism can be driven by a hydraulic, pneumatic, or electric device, which is not limited here.

[0041] For specific implementation, see Figure 4 and Figure 5The energy dissipation mechanism 3 is composed of two energy dissipation units, which are arranged in parallel and located on opposite sides of the connecting pipe 2. Each energy dissipation unit is composed of two vertically arranged energy dissipation plates 31, which are parallel to each other and arranged side by side. Each energy dissipation plate 31 is provided with a number of horizontally arranged water holes 32, one of which is fixed at the bottom of the water storage cavity 1 and the two vertically arranged side edges of the energy dissipation plate are fixed to the water storage cavity 1, and the other energy dissipation plate 31 can be raised and lowered, so that the relative positions of the water holes 32 of the two energy dissipation plates 31 can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the other energy dissipation plate 31, thereby adjusting the water flow impedance. A limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the water storage cavity 1 corresponding to the two vertical sides of the other energy dissipation plate 31. The other energy dissipation plate 31 is placed in the limiting groove and is connected to the other energy dissipation plate 31 through a driving mechanism to adjust the raising and lowering of the other energy dissipation plate 31.

[0042] This is one way to implement the energy dissipation mechanism. When water in the water storage chamber flows toward the drainage gallery, the other energy dissipation plate is adjusted so that the water holes of the two energy dissipation plates face each other. This reduces the energy dissipation mechanism's obstruction to the water in the water storage chamber, allowing the water in the water storage chamber to flow quickly toward the drainage gallery, replenishing the water flow behind the drainage gallery's sluice gate and reducing the negative pressure behind the sluice gate.

[0043] When the water in the drainage corridor flows toward the water storage cavity, the other energy dissipation plate is adjusted so that the water holes on the two energy dissipation plates are staggered. In this way, when the water in the drainage corridor enters the water storage cavity, it needs to pass through the water holes of the outer energy dissipation plate in sequence, and then through the water holes of the inner energy dissipation plate before entering the water storage cavity. In addition, when the water flows into the water storage cavity, there are drops and collisions of the water flow. This not only increases the impedance of the water flow, but also effectively prolongs the process of the water in the drainage corridor entering the water storage cavity, that is, it can effectively increase the energy dissipation effect of the energy dissipation mechanism. Under high-energy consumption flow states such as water drops and collisions, the water level in the water storage cavity rises smoothly, reducing the reciprocating motion inertia of the water flow, thereby avoiding continuous fluctuations in the water level in the water storage cavity.

[0044] A water hammer protection system for a discharge gallery beside a ship lock includes a discharge gallery 300, wherein the inlet end of the discharge gallery 300 is connected to the ship lock chamber 100, and the outlet end of the discharge gallery 300 is connected to the downstream river channel outside the lower navigation channel 400. A discharge gate 200 is provided near the inlet end of the discharge gallery 300.

[0045] It includes the water hammer protection device 500 mentioned above, which is arranged above the corresponding discharge gallery 300 behind the discharge gate 200, and the other end of the connecting pipe 2 is connected to the discharge gallery 300.

[0046] Thus, when the lock chamber needs to be drained, the discharge gate is opened to allow the water in the lock chamber to be discharged into the downstream river channel outside the lower navigation channel through the discharge corridor. After the discharge is completed, the discharge gate is activated to close, and the energy dissipation mechanism is adjusted at the same time to allow the water in the water storage chamber to quickly flow into the discharge corridor to replenish the water flow behind the discharge gate in the discharge corridor, thereby reducing the water hammer negative pressure behind the discharge gate. When the water level in the water storage chamber reaches its lowest point and is lower than the water level in the downstream river channel, the water in the discharge corridor will flow back to the water storage chamber due to the water level difference. At this time, the energy dissipation mechanism is adjusted to increase the water flow impedance and prolong the flow of water into the water storage chamber, so that the water level in the water storage chamber rises smoothly, reducing the reciprocating motion inertia of the water flow, and thus avoiding continuous fluctuations in the water level in the water storage chamber. Subsequently, when the water level in the water storage chamber rises above the water level of the downstream river and no longer rises, the water in the water storage chamber flows to the discharge corridor again, and then the above operations are repeated, so that the water hammer pressure in the discharge corridor caused by the closing of the discharge gate gradually decreases, and finally the water level of the water storage chamber and the downstream river is kept consistent.

[0047] During specific implementation, it also includes a control unit, a driving mechanism and a water flow direction detector. The water flow direction detector is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting pipe 2 and is used to detect the water flow direction in the connecting pipe 2.

[0048] The driving mechanism is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism 3 to drive and adjust the energy dissipation mechanism 3; the water flow direction detector and the driving mechanism are both connected to the control unit, so that the control unit can control the driving mechanism according to the water flow direction data detected in real time by the water flow direction detector to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism 3.

[0049] The control unit, drive mechanism, and water flow direction detector are not shown in the figure. Here, the water flow direction detector can monitor the water flow direction in real time and provide real-time feedback to the control unit, which controls the drive mechanism to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism, thereby realizing mechanical automation operation.

[0050] A method for protecting a lock side discharge gallery from water hammer, using the aforementioned water hammer protection system for water hammer protection, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) When the water flow direction detector detects that the water in the water storage chamber flows toward the drainage gallery, the control unit controls the driving mechanism to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism 3 so that the water in the water storage chamber 1 quickly flows toward the drainage gallery 300;

[0052] (2) When the water level in the water storage chamber 1 is lower than the water level in the downstream river and cannot drop any further, the water in the drainage corridor 300 flows back into the water storage chamber 1. At this time, the control unit controls the driving mechanism to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism to increase the water flow impedance and prolong the process of the water in the drainage corridor 300 entering the water storage chamber 1.

[0053] (3) When the water level in the water storage chamber 1 is higher than the water level in the downstream river and cannot rise any further, the water in the water storage chamber 1 flows to the discharge corridor 300, and steps (1) and (2) are repeated until the water level in the water storage chamber 1 is consistent with the water level in the downstream river.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations on the implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes and modifications can be made on the basis of the above description. Referring to the working principle of the present device, according to the layout characteristics of the water storage cavity, it can be divided into single-chamber type, double-chamber type, overflow type, air cushion type protection devices, etc.; if divided according to the layout characteristics of the energy dissipation plate, it can be classified into simple type, impedance type, differential type protection devices, etc. It is impossible to list all the implementation methods here. All obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water hammer protection device for a discharge gallery beside a ship lock, characterized in that: It includes a water storage cavity, a connecting pipe is provided at the bottom of the water storage cavity, one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the water storage cavity, and the other end of the connecting pipe is used to communicate with the drainage gallery; An adjustable energy dissipation mechanism is provided in the water storage cavity, so that when the water in the water storage cavity flows to the drainage gallery, the water in the water storage cavity can be quickly flowed to the drainage gallery by adjusting the energy dissipation mechanism; and, when the water in the discharge corridor flows into the water storage cavity, to increase the flow impedance and prolong the process of the water in the discharge corridor entering the water storage cavity; The energy dissipation mechanism is composed of two energy dissipation units, which are arranged in parallel and located on opposite sides of the connecting pipe; each energy dissipation unit is composed of two vertically arranged energy dissipation plates, which are parallel to each other and arranged side by side, and each energy dissipation plate is provided with a number of horizontally arranged water holes, one of which is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the water storage cavity and the two vertically arranged side edges of the energy dissipation plate are fixed to the water storage cavity, and the other energy dissipation plate can be raised and lowered, so that the relative positions of the water holes of the two energy dissipation plates can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the other energy dissipation plate, thereby adjusting the water flow impedance.

2. A water hammer protection device for a discharge gallery beside a ship lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting grooves are provided on the inner wall of the water storage cavity corresponding to the two vertical sides of the other energy dissipation plate. The other energy dissipation plate is placed in the limiting grooves and connected to the other energy dissipation plate through a driving mechanism to adjust the lifting of the other energy dissipation plate.

3. A water hammer protection system for a discharge gallery beside a ship lock, comprising a discharge gallery, wherein the discharge gallery inlet is connected to the ship lock chamber, the discharge gallery outlet is connected to the downstream river channel outside the lower navigation channel, and a discharge gate is provided near the discharge gallery inlet; characterized in that: It includes the water hammer protection device according to claim 1, wherein the water hammer protection device is arranged above the corresponding discharge gallery behind the discharge gate, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the discharge gallery.

4. A water hammer protection system for a ship lock side discharge gallery according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a control unit, a driving mechanism and a water flow direction detector, wherein the water flow direction detector is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting pipe and is used to detect the flow direction of water in the connecting pipe; The driving mechanism is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism to drive and adjust the energy dissipation mechanism; The water flow direction detector and the driving mechanism are both connected to the control unit, so that the control unit can control the driving mechanism according to the water flow direction data detected in real time by the water flow direction detector to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism.

5. A method for protecting the lock side discharge gallery from water hammer, characterized in that: The water hammer protection system according to claim 4 is used to perform water hammer protection, specifically comprising the following steps: (1) When the water flow direction detector detects that the water in the water storage chamber flows toward the discharge gallery, the control unit controls the driving mechanism to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism so that the water in the water storage chamber flows quickly toward the discharge gallery; (2) When the water level in the water storage cavity is lower than the water level in the downstream river and cannot drop any further, the water in the discharge corridor will flow back into the water storage cavity. At this time, the control unit controls the driving mechanism to adjust the energy dissipation mechanism to increase the water flow impedance and prolong the flow of the water in the discharge corridor into the water storage cavity. (3) When the water level in the water storage chamber is higher than the water level in the downstream river and cannot rise any further, the water in the water storage chamber flows to the discharge corridor, and steps (1) and (2) are repeated until the water level in the water storage chamber is consistent with the water level in the downstream river.

Images