A method for reducing the incidence of pre-harvest flesh browning disease of nai plum
The prevention and control problem of flesh browning before picking of pulp by spraying gamma aminobutyric acid aqueous solution was solved, reducing the incidence of disease, reducing the losses of fruit farmers, and simple operation, safe and reliable.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310035950.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-01-10
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-01-10
AI Technical Summary
Browning of flesh before calculating the pulp in Guangdong and Hunan frequently occurs, resulting in serious economic losses and damage to consumer interests. There is no effective prevention and control method now.
During the growth and development of the plum fruit, spray the aqueous gamma aminobutyric acid solution with a concentration of 100-200 μmoL/L. The specific spraying time is from 70 days after flowering. It is sprayed three times every 10 days, and the leaves are wet as the standard .
It significantly reduces the incidence of flesh browning before picking of pulp, reduces the losses of fruit farmers, is easy to operate and quick to take effect, and is non-toxic to humans and plants.
Smart Images
Figure CN116138099B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of plant planting, and in particular to a method for reducing the incidence of pre-harvest flesh browning disease of loquat. Background Art
[0002] Nai Li, also known as oil nai, wood It is a plant of the genus Prunus in the Rosaceae family. It is native to Fujian and is cultivated in Anhui, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, Guangxi and the mountainous areas of northern Guangdong. The heart-shaped fruit of the nai plum is like a peach, the fruit is large and beautiful, half of the pit is separated, and there is an obvious cavity between the tip of the pit and the flesh. The peel is yellow-green, the flesh is yellow, the flesh is crisp and tender, the flavor is rich and sweet, and the fragrance is delicious. In recent years, Guangdong and Hunan have adopted bagging technology. On the one hand, it has solved the problem of sour and unpalatable fruits due to excessive rain during the fruit ripening period and easy fruit cracking, and the general early harvest. On the other hand, bagging to avoid light also makes the peel thinner and the color golden and translucent, which significantly improves the appearance quality. It is deeply loved by consumers and the cultivation efficiency has been greatly improved. Therefore, the cultivation area has also been continuously expanded. In Shaoguan, Guangdong, the nai plum industry has become a local characteristic agricultural industry and plays an important role in rural revitalization.
[0003] The pre-harvest browning disease of nai plum is a pre-harvest disease of nai plum that has frequently appeared in Guangdong and Hunan in recent years. The appearance of the diseased fruit is normal, with no symptoms of disease. After cutting open, the flesh near the seed core is browned, followed by sponging of the tissue, and the fruit loses its commercial value. So far, the pathogen that causes the browning disease of nai plum has not been isolated and identified in nai plum, so it is generally believed that the disease is a physiological disease caused by environmental factors (high temperature, drought, etc.). In recent years, the occurrence of this disease in Guangdong has been increasing year by year, among which the incidence rate in severe orchards is as high as more than 70%, causing great economic losses to fruit farmers. In addition, since the diseased fruit has no appearance manifestations, it is very easy to flow into the hands of consumers, which damages the interests of consumers and also has a negative impact on the hard-established brand. Therefore, the research and development of prevention and control measures for the pre-harvest browning disease of nai plum is of great significance to promoting the sustainable and healthy development of the nai plum industry. However, no method for controlling the browning disease has been found so far. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing the incidence of pre-harvest flesh browning disease of loquat.
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
[0006] A method for reducing the incidence of pre-harvest browning disease of nai plum fruit, comprising spraying a 100-200 μmoL / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution on nai plum trees during the growth and development of nai plum fruits.
[0007] Preferably, the concentration of the GABA aqueous solution is 200 μmoL / L.
[0008] Preferably, the preparation process of the GABA aqueous solution is: firstly dissolve the GABA with a small amount of water, then dilute it with water to the required concentration, and stir evenly.
[0009] Preferably, the gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution is sprayed when the growth and development of the loquat fruit enters the hard core stage, that is, 70 days after the loquat blooms.
[0010] Preferably, the interval between each spraying of the gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution is 10 days, the number of spraying is 3 times, and each spraying is based on the standard of leaf wetting.
[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0012] 1. The present invention can significantly reduce the incidence of pre-harvest browning disease of the flesh of the nai plums by spraying the nai plum trees with a gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution during the growth and development of the nai plum fruit, thereby reducing the losses of fruit farmers caused by the occurrence of the browning disease.
[0013] 2. This method can achieve the prevention and control effect only through foliar spraying. It is easy to operate, requires little dosage and has quick results.
[0014] 3. In addition, as an amino acid substance, gamma-aminobutyric acid is non-toxic to humans and plants, is safe and reliable, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] The present invention is further described using the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative work.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a graphic illustration of the symptoms of browning of the flesh of loquat before harvest. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention and have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and beneficial effects of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is now described in detail below, but it should not be construed as limiting the applicable scope of the present invention.
[0018] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following examples can be obtained from conventional commercial sources or by existing known methods.
[0019] The present invention is further described in conjunction with the following examples.
[0020] Example 1
[0021] The experiment was conducted in the orchard of Yijia Farm in Huangben Village, Beixiang Town, Lechang City, Guangdong Province. The trees were 6 years old, with a planting size of 4 meters × 5 meters. The experiment time was from June to July 2022.
[0022] 10 trees were randomly selected, 5 test trees and 5 control trees, and the test trees and control trees were sprayed with a sprayer when the fruit growth entered the hard core stage (70 days after the anthesis). The test trees were sprayed with a 100 μmol / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution (recorded as Example 1), and the control trees were sprayed with water (recorded as Control Example 1). Each spraying was done until the leaves of the Nai Plum were moistened. The spraying was done once every 10 days, for a total of 3 times. Other production management was carried out according to the daily management of the Nai Plum Garden. Nai Plum fruits were collected at the fruit maturity stage, and the incidence of flesh browning disease was counted by cutting open.
[0023] The results showed that the incidence of fruit flesh browning disease in plants treated with 100 μmoL / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution was 34.94%, while the incidence rate in the control was 48.05%; compared with the control, the incidence rate of fruit flesh browning disease in plants treated with 100 μmoL / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution was reduced by 27.28%.
[0024] Example 2
[0025] The experiment was conducted in the orchard of Yijia Farm in Huangben Village, Beixiang Town, Lechang City, Guangdong Province. The trees were 6 years old, with a planting size of 4 meters × 5 meters. The experiment time was from June to July 2022.
[0026] 10 trees were randomly selected, 5 test trees and 5 control trees, and the crowns of the nai plum test trees and control trees were sprayed with a sprayer when the fruit growth and development entered the hard core stage (70 days after the flowers fell). The test trees were sprayed with a 200 μmol / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution (recorded as Example 2), and the control trees were sprayed with water (recorded as Reference Example 2). Each spraying was done until the leaves of the nai plum were moistened. The spraying was done once every 10 days, for a total of 3 times. Other production management was carried out according to the daily management of the nai plum garden. The nai plum fruits were collected at the fruit maturity stage, and the incidence of flesh browning disease was statistically analyzed by cutting open.
[0027] The results showed that the incidence of fruit flesh browning disease in plants treated with 200 μmoL / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution was 28.27%, while the incidence rate in the control was 54.41%; compared with the control, the incidence rate of fruit flesh browning disease in plants treated with 200 μmoL / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution was reduced by 48.04%.
[0028] Example 3
[0029] The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of Lingnan Deciduous Fruit Research Institute in Lechang City, Guangdong Province. The trees were 5 years old and the planting specifications were 4 meters × 5 meters.
[0030] 10 trees were randomly selected, 5 test trees and 5 control trees, and the test trees and control trees were sprayed with a sprayer when the fruit growth entered the hard core stage (70 days after the flowers faded). The test trees were sprayed with a 200 μmol / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution (remembered as Example 3), and the control trees were sprayed with water (remembered as Reference Example 3). Each spraying was done until the leaves of the Plum were moistened. The spraying was done once every 10 days, for a total of 3 times. Other production management was carried out according to the daily management of the Plum Garden. Plum fruits were collected at the fruit maturity stage and cut open to count the incidence of flesh browning disease.
[0031] The results showed that the incidence of fruit flesh browning disease in plants treated with 200 μmoL / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution was 63.35%, while the incidence rate in the control was 83.87%; compared with the control, the incidence rate of fruit flesh browning disease in plants treated with 200 μmoL / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution was reduced by 24.46%.
[0032] For the convenience of comparison, the data from the above experiments are summarized in the following table, as shown in Table 1:
[0033] Table 1 Comparison of incidence rates in different experiments
[0034] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Incidence 34.94％ 28.27％ 63.35％ Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Incidence 48.05％ 54.41％ 83.87％ The incidence rate reduction 27.28％ 48.04％ 24.46％
[0035] It can be seen from the experiments of Examples 1-3 that the 200 μmoL / L gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution used in the present invention can significantly reduce the incidence of pre-harvest browning disease of loquat, and reduce the losses of fruit farmers caused by the occurrence of browning disease.
[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for reducing the incidence of pre-harvest browning disease of nai plum, characterized in that: During the growth and development of nai plum fruits, nai plum trees are sprayed with a gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution; The concentration of the gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution is 100-200 μmoL / L; The gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution is sprayed when the growth and development of the nai plum fruit enters the hard core stage, that is, 70 days after the nai plum blooms; The interval between each spraying of the gamma-aminobutyric acid aqueous solution is 10 days, the number of spraying is 3 times, and each spraying is based on the standard of leaf wetting.
2. The method for reducing the incidence of pre-harvest browning disease of Nai Plum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the GABA aqueous solution is 200 μmoL / L.
3. The method for reducing the incidence of pre-harvest browning disease of loquat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation process of the GABA aqueous solution is as follows: firstly dissolve the GABA with a small amount of water, then dilute it with water to a desired concentration, and stir it evenly.