Cable winding and unwinding device of tower crane and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a tower crane cable winding and unwinding device and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of tower crane cable winding and unwinding. The tower crane cable winding and unwinding device comprises a motor, a speed reducer, a reel, a bogie and an electric control cabinet. The driving shaft of the motor is connected to the input shaft of the speed reducer through a shaft coupling. The input shaft of the speed reducer is provided with an external brake. The output shaft of the speed reducer is connected to the rotating shaft of the reel. The electric control cabinet is provided with a frequency converter and a PLC system. The bogie is located at one side of the reel. The bogie is provided with a swing arm roller mechanism. The top roller of the bogie is provided with a pin shaft force sensor. The cable can be pulled out from the reel, pass through the rollers of the swing arm roller mechanism and the top nylon roller of the bogie in sequence, and change the cable unwinding direction. The frequency converter is electrically connected to the motor. The external brake, the pin shaft force sensor and the frequency converter are electrically connected to the PLC system. The application is suitable for the working condition of vertical winding and unwinding of the tower crane cable, has the functions of preventing overlong suspension and cable breakage, alarming and protection in emergency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cable winding and unwinding device, in particular to a tower crane cable winding and unwinding device and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, there is no cable winding and unwinding device in the tower crane industry, and the cable is wound on the rotating platform and collected or unwound by manual operation. This method is low in efficiency, slow in speed, dangerous in operation, messy in cable arrangement, and has no protection for the cable. Especially for super-high tower cranes, the cable is too long and heavy, and the space occupied by the cable is large, so it is more difficult to collect or unwind by manual operation. In addition, in the prior art, the cable winding direction is horizontal, and the problem of cable weight is not considered, which has many unsafe factors. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a tower crane cable winding and unwinding device and a control method, which can be applied to various height tower crane cable vertical winding and unwinding conditions. The traditional manual winding and unwinding is changed to operation of frequency converter driving motor winding and unwinding, the cable is changed from platform stacking to reel winding, the protection against overhanging and breaking is increased, the alarm function and protection action in emergency are provided. This method is simple in operation, high in efficiency, fast in winding and unwinding speed, neat in cable arrangement, and complete in protection logic. The present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0004] The tower crane cable winding and unwinding device comprises a motor, a reduction box, a reel, a bogie and an electric control cabinet.

[0005] The driving shaft of the motor is connected to the input shaft of the reduction box through a shaft coupling; the input shaft of the reduction box is provided with an external brake; and the output shaft of the reduction box is connected to the rotating shaft of the reel.

[0006] The electric control cabinet is provided with a frequency converter and a PLC system.

[0007] The bogie is located on one side of the reel; the bogie is provided with an arm swing roller mechanism; the cable is changed in direction by passing through the roller of the arm swing roller mechanism and the top roller of the bogie in sequence.

[0008] The frequency converter is electrically connected with the motor; the external brake, the pin shaft force sensor and the frequency converter are electrically connected with the PLC system.

[0009] Further, the arm swing roller mechanism is provided with a limit switch.

[0010] Further, the top roller of the bogie is provided with a pin shaft force sensor.

[0011] Further, a stroke limiter is further included; the stroke limiter is electrically connected with the PLC system.

[0012] Further, a slip ring box is further included; the slip ring box and the reel are connected through the output shaft of the speed reducer.

[0013] Further, the frequency converter adopts a speed control mode and is provided with a plurality of gear speed selections.

[0014] Further, the electric control cabinet is provided with a power-on indicator light, a frequency converter operation indicator light, a frequency converter fault indicator light, an external brake opening indicator light and a cable release alarm device.

[0015] The application further provides a control method of the tower crane cable winding and releasing device.

[0016] The manual control mode comprises the following steps.

[0017] S11, the tower crane cable winding and releasing device is powered on.

[0018] S12, the tower crane jacking system collects a tower crane jacking system permission to work signal sent by the tower crane cable winding and releasing device, and allows the tower crane jacking system to work.

[0019] S13, manual operation is in a jog control mode; the frequency converter is provided with a manual cable winding mode and a manual cable releasing mode.

[0020] Before the tower crane needs to be jacked up, a manual cable releasing switch is turned on, the external brake is opened, the frequency converter is reversely operated, the motor is reversely driven, a proper length of cable is first released, and it is ensured that the cable is in a slack state when jacking up; the manual cable releasing switch is turned off, the frequency converter is stopped, the external brake is de-energized and braked, and the cable releasing is completed.

[0021] After the tower crane is lowered, a manual cable winding switch is turned on, the external brake is opened, the frequency converter is forwardly operated, the motor is forwardly driven, and the cable is wound into the reel; the manual cable winding switch is turned off, the frequency converter is stopped, the external brake is de-energized and braked, and the cable winding is completed.

[0022] S14, after the tower crane cable winding and releasing device is powered off, the external brake is de-energized and braked, the frequency converter is stopped, and the tower crane jacking system is prohibited to work.

[0023] Further, the tower crane jacking system permission to work signal comprises that the tower crane cable winding and releasing device is powered on, the frequency converter has no fault, and the cable tension is in an allowable working range.

[0024] Further, the force of the pin shaft force sensor is F, the cable overload protection limit is F1, the cable tension protection limit is F2, and the cable tension fault protection method in the allowable working range includes: when F < F1, the cable tension is in the allowable range, and it is a normal state;

[0025] When F1≤F < F2, the external brake is powered off and clamped, the frequency converter is stopped, the tower crane jacking system is prohibited from running, and sound and light alarms are issued;

[0026] When F≥F2, the external brake is opened, the frequency converter is automatically reversed or manually released, a section of cable is released to eliminate the over-tight state, the tower crane jacking system is prohibited from running, and sound and light alarms are issued.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0028] 1. Frequency conversion is adopted, and manual operation is performed. The bottom cable is bound every certain section to reduce the influence of the cable self weight.

[0029] 2. The pin shaft force sensor, the limit switch of the swing arm roller mechanism, and the counterweight at the head of the swing arm roller mechanism are arranged to facilitate the visual inspection of the construction personnel and the detection of the tightness of the cable during the cable winding and unwinding process.

[0030] 3. When the cable is overloaded or over-tight, sound and light alarms are issued, the tower crane jacking system is prohibited from running, and perfect protection actions are taken to prevent the cable from being pulled off due to overloading or over-tightness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The present application will be further described below according to the drawings and examples.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a partial structure schematic diagram of a tower crane cable winding and unwinding device.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of a tower crane cable winding and unwinding device.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a control principle block diagram of the tower crane cable winding and unwinding device.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a control method flow chart of the tower crane cable winding and unwinding device.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a fault protection method logic Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a fault protection method logic Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 7Fault protection method logic Figure 3 ;

[0039] Figure 8 Fault protection method logic Figure 4 .

[0040] In the figure: 1, reel; 2, reduction box; 3, external brake; 4, shaft coupling; 5, motor; 6, slip ring box; 7, stroke limiter; 8, electric control cabinet; 9, swing arm roller mechanism; 10, bogie; 11, pin shaft force sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without carrying out creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] The techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the techniques, methods, and devices should be considered as part of the authorized description. EMBODIMENT

[0043] A tower crane cable winding and unwinding device, as shown in Figure 1 and 2 , the base is located at the bottom; the electric control cabinet 8, the motor 5, the external brake 3, the reduction box 2 and the slip ring box 6 are fixedly installed on the base; the frequency converter and the PLC system are installed in the electric control cabinet 8; the driving shaft of the motor 5 is connected to the input shaft of the reduction box 2 through the shaft coupling 4; the external brake 3 controls the reduction or stop of the input shaft of the reduction box 2; one end of the rotating shaft of the reel 1 is connected to the output shaft of the reduction box 2; the slip ring box 6 and the rotating shaft of the reel 1 are connected through the output shaft of the reduction box 2; the stroke limiter 7 is installed beside the slip ring box 6; the bogie 10 is located on one side of the base, and the swing arm roller mechanism 9 is arranged on the bogie 10; the pin shaft force sensor 11 is arranged on the top nylon roller of the bogie 10; the cable can be drawn out from the reel 1 and sequentially pass through the rollers of the swing arm roller mechanism 9 and the top nylon roller of the bogie 10 to change the cable out-cable direction.

[0044] The frequency converter package of the above embodiment adopts a speed control mode, and is provided with multiple gear speed selections, such as high / medium / low three speed control modes in this embodiment.

[0045] The swing arm roller mechanism 9 of the above embodiment is provided with a limit switch, which is touched when the cable is too tight, and sends out sound and light alarm as an auxiliary detection of the pin shaft force sensor 11.

[0046] The external brake 3 of the above embodiment is normally closed and is braked when power off.

[0047] The motor 5 of the above embodiment is provided with an electromagnetic brake.

[0048] The electric control cabinet 8 of the above embodiment is provided with at least power-on button, emergency stop button, stop button, cable winding button, cable unwinding button, high / medium / low three-speed selection button.

[0049] The electric control cabinet 8 of the above embodiment is provided with at least power-on indicator, frequency converter running indicator, frequency converter fault indicator, brake opening indicator, cable unwinding out-of-control alarm device, cable tension abnormality alarm device.

[0050] The frequency converter is electrically connected with the motor 5; the external brake 3, the stroke limiter 7, the pin shaft force sensor 11, the limit switch and the frequency converter are electrically connected with the PLC system.

[0051] It should be noted that the PLC as the core of the control system is used to send control commands and detect feedback signals; the frequency converter as the driving device is used to execute movement commands and control the motor to rotate forward or reverse; the pin shaft force sensor 11 is used to detect the overloading or over-tightening state of the cable and send alarm information; the swing arm roller mechanism 9 is used to facilitate the visual inspection of the cable tension state by the construction personnel; the limit switch on the swing arm roller mechanism 9 is used for auxiliary detection of the overloading or over-tightening state of the cable; the external brake 3 is used for reel braking; the bogie 10 is used to change the cable unwinding direction so that the cable can be vertically downward along the tower standard section chord; the stroke limiter 7 is used to prevent excessive unwinding of the cable.

[0052] It should be noted that the cable automatic winding and unwinding device of the application is placed on the upper platform of the tower crane and is lifted together with the tower crane frame; the cable is vertically laid and is fixed by binding every certain distance; the drum type cable reel is adopted for vertical winding and multiple rows and layers.

[0053] It should be noted that the cable is pre-wound on the reel 1, the motor 5 is driven by the frequency converter to rotate forward or reverse to realize cable winding and unwinding; since the cable is vertically wound and unwound, the tower crane is high, in order to prevent the cable from being damaged due to excessive self-weight and damage the cable itself and the reel, cable fixing clamps are arranged on the tower standard section every certain distance to be fixed by binding; in order to avoid the overloading of the suspended cable due to the forgetting of the construction personnel to bind or the cable being pulled off due to hooking during the tower crane jacking, the pin shaft force sensor is arranged at the roller of the bogie 10, which sends out sound and light alarm and takes corresponding protection action when detecting that the cable force is too large.

[0054] The control method of the tower crane cable winding and unwinding device adopts a manual control mode.

[0055] As shown in the figure, the manual control mode comprises the following steps: Figure 4

[0056] S11, before the tower jacking system preparation work, pull out the reel electric control cabinet emergency stop button, press the power-on button, and make the tower crane cable winding and unwinding device powered on. After the tower crane cable winding and unwinding device is powered on, the rear electromagnetic brake of the motor is opened and remains in the open state. According to the speed requirement, manually select high, medium and low three speed gears.

[0057] It should be noted that the tower crane cable winding and unwinding device cannot be powered off during the working process of the tower jacking system.

[0058] S12, the tower jacking system collects the tower jacking system work permission signal sent by the tower crane cable winding and unwinding device, and allows the tower jacking system to work. The tower jacking system work permission signal includes that the tower crane cable winding and unwinding device is powered on, the frequency converter has no fault, and the cable tension is within the allowable working range.

[0059] S13, manually operate in the jog control mode; the frequency converter is provided with a manual cable winding mode and a manual cable unwinding mode.

[0060] The operation process of the tower jacking is as follows: press the cable unwinding button on the tower, the external brake 3 is opened, the frequency converter is reversely operated, the driving motor 5 is reversely rotated, a proper length of cable is first unwound to ensure that the cable is in a relaxed state when jacking to the position; press the stop button, the frequency converter stops, the external brake 3 is powered off and braked, and the cable unwinding is completed. The rear electromagnetic brake of the motor 5 remains open.

[0061] The operation process of the tower jacking is as follows: press the cable unwinding button on the tower, the external brake 3 is opened, the frequency converter is reversely operated, the driving motor 5 is reversely rotated, a proper length of cable is first unwound to ensure that the cable is in a relaxed state when jacking to the position; press the stop button, the frequency converter stops, the external brake 3 is powered off and braked, and the cable unwinding is completed. The rear electromagnetic brake of the motor 5 remains open.

[0062] S14, when the tower jacking system is no longer working, press the emergency stop button to make the tower crane cable winding and unwinding device powered off, the external brake 3 is powered off and braked, the rear electromagnetic brake of the motor 5 is powered off and braked, and the frequency converter stops. At this time, the tower jacking system is prohibited to work.

[0063] The control method realizes the principle as follows:

[0064] ​Manual operation of the electric control cabinet door button, drive reel forward and reverse rotation, realize the cable and cable and cable. When the detection of cable over heavy, external brake brake, sound and light alarm, tower crane jacking system prohibited action. When the detection of cable over tight, sound and light alarm, tower crane jacking system prohibited action. Press the emergency stop button, the reel system power off, external brake brake, motor rear electromagnetic brake brake, frequency converter stop, the press jacking system prohibited work at this time.

[0065] The fault protection logic of the above control method:

[0066] 1、As Figure 6 shown, the reel electric control system will "tower crane jacking system allows the work signal" feedback to the hydraulic jacking system, the signal for the tower cable device power, frequency converter without fault, cable tension in the allowable range. If not received, the tower crane jacking system is not allowed to work.

[0067] 2, steering guide cable frame top roller configuration force sensor, set stress F. When the cable force is greater than the tensile strength of the cable, the cable may be broken. Therefore, set F1 for preventing cable forget to bind, overhanging too much, called F1 for cable over heavy protection limit. F2 should be determined according to the tensile strength of the cable, called F2 for tensile strength protection limit. As Figure 6 shown, when F < F1, the cable tension in the allowable range, is normal.

[0068] As Figure 7 shown, when the cable forget to bind or the length of the free cable is too long, F1 ≤ F < F2 at this time, the external brake 3 brake, frequency converter stop, prevent over release cable to cause out of control, at the same time, the tower crane jacking system is prohibited to run, and sound and light alarm.

[0069] As Figure 8 shown, when F ≥ F2, there are generally two cases:

[0070] One is because the length of the cable is not enough, the tower body jacking makes the cable too tight;

[0071] Two is the manual forward cable, not in time to stop, make the cable too tight;

[0072] At this time, the external brake 3 open, frequency converter automatic reverse operation or manual release cable, release a cable to eliminate the over tight state (if the frequency converter is running forward, stop, reverse operation again); at the same time, the tower crane jacking system is prohibited to run, and sound and light alarm. The value of F1 and F2, the value of F1 and the length of the free overhanging cable and weight related, the value of F2 should be less than the ultimate tensile strength, leave a certain amount. When F < F1, the judgment is normal; when F1 ≤ F < F2, the judgment is overhanging too long; when F ≥ F2, the judgment is the cable is too large.

[0073] The application can be applied to the working condition of vertical winding and unwinding of the tower crane cable, and the traditional manual winding and unwinding is changed to the operation of the frequency converter driving motor winding and unwinding, the cable is changed from being stacked on the platform to being wound on the reel, the protection against overlong suspension and against breakage is increased, and the alarm function and the protection action in the emergency are provided. The method has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency, fast winding and unwinding speed, neat cable arrangement and complete protection logic.

[0074] The above description is only exemplary embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tower cable reeling device, characterized by: It comprises a motor, a reduction gearbox, a reel, a bogie and an electric control cabinet. The driving shaft of the motor is connected to the input shaft of the reduction gearbox through a shaft coupling. The input shaft of the reduction gearbox is provided with an external brake. The electric control cabinet is provided with a frequency converter and a PLC system. The frequency converter is provided with a manual cable winding mode and a manual cable unwinding mode. Before the tower crane needs to be jacked up, the manual cable unwinding switch is turned on, the external brake is opened, the frequency converter is reversely operated to drive the motor to reverse, a length of cable is first unwound to ensure that the cable is in a relaxed state when the jacking is in place, the manual cable unwinding switch is turned off, the frequency converter is stopped, the external brake is de-energized to brake, and the unwinding of the cable is completed. After the tower crane is lowered, the manual cable winding switch is turned on, the external brake is opened, the frequency converter is forwardly operated to drive the motor to rotate forward, the cable is wound into the reel, the manual cable winding switch is turned off, the frequency converter is stopped, the external brake is de-energized to brake, and the winding of the cable is completed. The bogie is located on one side of the reel.

2. The tower crane cable reeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The bogie is provided with a swing arm roller mechanism.

3. The tower crane cable reeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The top roller of the bogie is provided with a pin shaft force sensor.

4. The tower crane cable reeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The cable is sequentially guided through the rollers of the swing arm roller mechanism and the top roller of the bogie to change the direction of the cable.

5. The tower crane cable reeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The frequency converter is electrically connected to the motor.

6. The tower crane cable reeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that The external brake, the pin shaft force sensor and the frequency converter are electrically connected to the PLC system.

7. A method of controlling a tower crane cable reeling device as claimed in any one of the claims 1-6, characterized in that The swing arm roller mechanism is provided with a limit switch. The system further comprises a stroke limiter which is electrically connected to the PLC system. The system further comprises a slip ring box which is connected to the reel through the output shaft of the reduction gearbox. The frequency converter adopts a speed control mode and is provided with a plurality of gear speed selections. The electric control cabinet is provided with a power-on indicator, a frequency converter operation indicator, a frequency converter fault indicator, an external brake opening indicator and a cable unwinding out-of-control alarm device. The system adopts a manual control mode. The manual control mode comprises the following steps: S11, the tower crane cable winding device is powered on; S12, the tower crane jacking system collects a tower crane jacking system work permission signal sent by the tower crane cable winding device, and allows the tower crane jacking system to work; S13, manual operation is in a jog control mode; the frequency converter is provided with a manual cable winding mode and a manual cable unwinding mode; When the tower crane needs to be jacked up, the manual cable unwinding switch is turned on, the external brake is opened, the frequency converter is reversely operated to drive the motor to reverse, a length of cable is first unwound to ensure that the cable is in a relaxed state when the jacking is in place, the manual cable unwinding switch is turned off, the frequency converter is stopped, the external brake is de-energized to brake, and the unwinding of the cable is completed. After the tower crane is lowered, the manual cable winding switch is turned on, the external brake is opened, the frequency converter is forwardly operated to drive the motor to rotate forward, the cable is wound into the reel, the manual cable winding switch is turned off, the frequency converter is stopped, the external brake is de-energized to brake, and the winding of the cable is completed. S14, the tower crane cable retractor is powered off, the external brake is powered off and the brake is applied, the frequency converter is stopped, and the tower crane jacking system is prohibited from working.

8. The control method of a tower crane cable reeling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tower crane jacking system allows working signals to include detection of power supply of the tower crane cable retractor, no fault of the frequency converter, and cable tension in an allowable working range.

9. The control method of a tower crane cable reeling device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cable tension in the allowable working range is detected by setting a force of a pin shaft force sensor as F, a cable overload protection limit as F1, and a cable tension protection limit as F2. When F < F1, the cable tension is in the allowable range, and a normal state is achieved. When F1 ≤ F < F2, the external brake is powered off and the brake is applied, the frequency converter is stopped, the tower crane jacking system is prohibited from working, and an audible and visual alarm is issued. When F ≥ F2, the external brake is opened, the frequency converter is automatically reversed or manually released, a section of cable is released to eliminate the over-tight state, the tower crane jacking system is prohibited from working, and an audible and visual alarm is issued.

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