Effective Anchoring Support Device and Usage Method for Surrounding Rock in a Water-rich Environment in Underground Engineering

Abstract

The present invention provides an effective anchoring and supporting device and a using method for surrounding rock in a water-rich environment in underground engineering. The device includes: a bolt, arranged in an anchor hole, and a stop plate is sleeved on the head of the bolt; a plugging airbag unit, which is movably connected to the rear end of the bolt and is used for plugging the opening of the anchor hole; a chemical gas generation unit, arranged at the bottom of the anchor hole, and after the bolt extends into the bottom of the anchor hole, it contacts the chemical gas generation unit and triggers it to generate gas; a limiting member, sleeved on the bolt body and arranged between the stop plate and the plugging airbag unit, and is used for fixing the bolt on the surrounding rock; a pressure relief unit, including an exhaust and drainage pipeline, which penetrates through the plugging airbag unit and extends into the anchor hole, and is used for discharging the gas and water in the anchor hole. This supporting device enables the resin anchoring agent to be in a water-free environment during the stirring process, greatly improving the bonding efficiency of the anchoring agent, and at the same time, the construction safety is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of anchoring devices, and particularly relates to an effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in a water-rich environment in underground engineering and a using method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] From the hydrogeological conditions, it can be seen that there are water-rich sandstone layers or water-affected mudstone layers in the strata, and the surrounding rock of the construction roadway in this strata is subjected to large deformation and stress. The active support of the surrounding rock is the main control means, and the combined support of anchor nets and cables is a commonly used method in its active support. Among them, the anchor bolts and cables are connected to the surrounding rock through resin anchoring agents as binders. During on-site construction, a pneumatic anchor bolt machine is usually used to construct an anchor hole on the surrounding rock wall of the roadway, fill the resin anchoring agent into the anchor hole, and then insert and stir the anchor bolt. After the resin anchoring agent is stirred and broken, it solidifies to form a support member. The commonly used resin anchoring agent is an incompatible substance with unsaturated polyester resin (or epoxy resin) and water. If stirred in a water-containing environment, water will be stirred into the resin anchoring agent mixture. The presence of water will form holes in the cured product of the resin anchoring agent, and will reduce the reaction temperature when the resin anchoring agent undergoes a curing reaction. As a result, the bonding performance of the resin anchoring agent is weakened, the anchoring effect is reduced, and finally the deformation amount of the surrounding rock increases.

[0003] In the construction of underground engineering, under the action of a water-rich environment, there is a situation where there is water in the anchor hole. If the anchor hole is under pressure water and the water jets out, it is usually necessary to first drain the water (drainage), and then plug it by grouting the nearby strata. If the water volume is small, the nearby strata are directly grouted to block the water. However, the phenomenon of roof dripping water still exists after water blocking. A large amount of underground water forms a small amount of water flow through small gaps to form a dripping water phenomenon. Drilling holes in this kind of strata, the holes will produce water, and the anchoring effect of the resin anchoring material in this environment is greatly reduced, and the later anchor loss rate increases.

[0004] At present, for the grouting support in a water-rich environment in underground engineering, there is no effective anchoring and support device that can reduce the influence of water flow on the resin anchoring support.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution for the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in a water-rich environment in underground engineering and a using method thereof, so as to at least solve the problems of poor anchoring effect of the surrounding rock and increased later anchor loss rate in the current water-rich environment in underground engineering.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in a water-rich environment in underground engineering, the device includes:

[0009] The anchor rod is arranged in the anchor hole, and a stop plate is sleeved on the head of the anchor rod;

[0010] The plugging airbag unit is movably connected to the rear end of the anchor rod and is used for plugging the opening of the anchor hole;

[0011] The chemical gas generation unit is arranged at the bottom of the anchor hole. After the anchor rod extends into the bottom of the anchor hole, it contacts the chemical gas generation unit and triggers it to generate gas;

[0012] The limiting member is sleeved on the rod body of the anchor rod and is arranged between the stop plate and the plugging airbag unit, and is used for fixing the anchor rod on the surrounding rock;

[0013] The pressure relief unit includes an exhaust and drainage pipeline, and the exhaust and drainage pipeline penetrates through the plugging airbag unit and extends into the anchor hole, and is used for discharging the gas and water in the anchor hole.

[0014] In the effective anchoring and supporting device for surrounding rock in the rich water environment of the underground project as described above, preferably, the plugging airbag unit includes an air charging and discharging system, a rubber airbag and a support plate;

[0015] The rubber airbag is movably connected to the anchor rod;

[0016] The air charging and discharging system is connected to one end of the rubber airbag located at the opening of the anchor hole and is used for inflating and deflating the rubber airbag;

[0017] The support plate is sleeved on the anchor rod and is used for supporting and fixing the rubber airbag.

[0018] In the effective anchoring and supporting device for surrounding rock in the rich water environment of the underground project as described above, preferably, the rubber airbag includes an airbag upper plate, an airbag lower plate and a bladder;

[0019] The airbag upper plate and the airbag lower plate are slidably connected to the anchor rod, and one end of the bladder is fixed on the airbag upper plate and the other end is fixed on the airbag lower plate.

[0020] In the effective anchoring and supporting device for surrounding rock in the rich water environment of the underground project as described above, preferably, the airbag upper plate and the airbag lower plate are axially connected to the anchor rod through inner ring collars along the radial direction. The anchor rod is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves along the axial length on the side wall. The inner ring collar is convexly provided with a plurality of protrusions inside, and the protrusions and the sliding grooves are in interference fit;

[0021] The airbag upper plate and the airbag lower plate are both connected to the inner ring collar through ball bearings.

[0022] In the effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in the rich water environment of the underground project as described above, preferably, exhaust and drainage holes corresponding to each other are provided on the upper airbag plate and the lower airbag plate, and the exhaust and drainage pipeline extends into the anchor hole through the exhaust and drainage holes;

[0023] An airbag inlet hole is provided on the lower airbag plate, and the airbag inlet pipeline of the air charging and discharging system is communicated with the airbag inlet hole for inflating and deflating the rubber airbag.

[0024] In the effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in the rich water environment of the underground project as described above, preferably, the pressure relief unit further includes a protective pressure relief valve, and the protective pressure relief valve is communicated with the exhaust and drainage pipeline. When the protective pressure relief valve monitors that the pressure reaches the preset value, the valve is opened to relieve pressure.

[0025] In the effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in the rich water environment of the underground project as described above, preferably, the limiting member includes a pull-back and retreat-limiting device and a pull-back and retreat-limiting device baffle arranged behind the pull-back and retreat-limiting device;

[0026] The pull-back and retreat-limiting device includes a sleeve and barbs fixed on the outer periphery of the sleeve. The sleeve is sleeved on the bolt, and the pull-back and retreat-limiting device baffle is fixed on the bolt for supporting the pull-back and retreat-limiting device.

[0027] In the effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in the rich water environment of the underground project as described above, preferably, the outer diameter of the stop plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the anchor hole.

[0028] In the effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in the rich water environment of the underground project as described above, preferably, the support plate further includes a connecting member. At least one blind hole is provided on the bolt, and at least one through hole along the radial direction is provided on the support plate. The support plate is fixed on the bolt through the connecting member;

[0029] Preferably, a plurality of blind holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction on the bolt, a plurality of through holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction on the support plate, and a plurality of corresponding connecting members are provided to fix the support plate on the bolt;

[0030] More preferably, the connecting member is made of wood or plastic.

[0031] A method for using an effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in the rich water environment of an underground project, the method comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step 1, fix the stop plate on the bolt, then install the limiting member and the plugging airbag unit, and install and connect the pressure relief unit with the plugging airbag unit;

[0033] Step 2: Place the chemical gas generation unit and the resin anchor in sequence at the bottom of the anchor hole, and put the installed anchor rod into the anchor hole; Inflate the plugging airbag unit, and the inflated bladder is fixed at the anchor hole opening to plug the anchor hole opening, so as to form a sealed space inside the anchor hole;

[0034] Step 3: Turn on the anchor rod drill to drive the anchor rod to move forward further, and at the same time turn on the pressure relief unit. The anchor rod contacts and squeezes the chemical gas generation capsule, and the chemical gas generation capsule ruptures to release the internal sodium peroxide powder, which reacts with the water inside the anchor hole to release oxygen. When the pressure inside the anchor hole reaches the preset pressure value, the protection pressure relief valve opens, and the exhaust and drainage pipeline discharges water and gas outwards, and then closes. After repeating several times, until all the discharged substances are gas, the anchor rod drill drives the anchor rod to rotate and stir the resin anchor, and the anchoring reaction occurs;

[0035] Step 4: Depressurize the plugging airbag unit, take out and recycle the plugging airbag unit from the rear end of the anchor rod, and at the same time leave the inner ring in the anchor hole. Finally, install a tray and a gasket at the rear end of the anchor rod, and screw in the nut to complete the anchoring of the surrounding rock.

[0036] Beneficial effects:

[0037] The effective anchoring support device for surrounding rock in a water-rich environment in underground engineering of the present invention is provided with a plugging airbag unit that can plug the anchor hole opening, and a chemical gas generation unit is arranged inside the anchor hole. By releasing gas from the chemical gas generation unit, an anhydrous mixing space inside the anchor hole is obtained, so that the resin anchor is in an anhydrous environment during the mixing process, greatly improving the bonding efficiency of the anchor.

[0038] The anchoring support device of the present invention is provided with a pressure relief unit. By presetting the pressure value, when the pressure of water and gas inside the anchor hole reaches a certain value, it is discharged, ensuring the safety inside the anchor hole and the safety of construction operators, and obtaining a safe and reliable construction environment.

[0039] The anchoring support device of the present invention is also provided with a limiting member with a barbed structure, which can ensure that the anchor rod is effectively anchored in the surrounding rock; A stop plate is also provided to ensure that the anchor and sundries such as crushed stones do not block the exhaust and drainage holes during the anchoring process, further ensuring the safety of construction. Description of the drawings

[0040] The specification drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. Among them:

[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the anchoring support device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is for an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1Schematic structural diagram of installing some components on the anchor rod in

[0043] Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the support plate in

[0044] Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the upper disc of the closed airbag in

[0045] Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the lower disc of the closed airbag in

[0046] In the figure: 1 - anchor hole; 2 - limiting member; 201 - pull-back and limit-back device; 202 - pull-back and limit-back device baffle; 3 - upper airbag disc; 4 - lower airbag disc; 5 - airbag intake pipeline; 6 - blower; 7 - stirring head; 8 - chemical gas generation unit; 9 - anchoring agent; 10 - anchor rod; 11 - stop plate; 12 - connecting member; 13 - exhaust and drainage pipeline; 14 - airbag body; 15 - support plate; 16 - protection pressure relief valve; 17 - sliding groove; 18 - inner ring; 20 - convex platform; 21 - exhaust and drainage hole; 22 - ball bearing; 23 - airbag intake hole; 24 - automatic air pressure control valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention rather than requiring the present invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. The terms "connected" and "coupled" used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate component. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, according to the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a surrounding rock effective anchoring and supporting device in a water-rich environment in underground engineering. The device includes an anchor rod 10, a plugging airbag unit, a chemical gas generation unit 8, a limiting member 2 and a pressure relief unit.

[0050] In the present invention, the part of the anchor rod 10 that first extends into the anchor hole 1 is defined as the head or front end of the anchor rod 10, and the part of the anchor rod 10 connected to the anchor rod drilling rig is defined as the root or rear end of the anchor rod 10. The surrounding rock outside the anchor hole 1 is the surrounding rock in a water-rich environment in underground engineering.

[0051] The anchor rod 10 is arranged in the anchor hole 1, and a stop plate 11 is sleeved on the head of the anchor rod 10.

[0052] The plugging airbag unit is movably connected to the rear end of the anchor rod 10 and is used for plugging the entrance of the anchor hole 1.

[0053] The chemical gas generation unit 8 is arranged at the bottom of the anchor hole 1. After the anchor rod 10 extends into the bottom of the anchor hole 1, it contacts the chemical gas generation unit 8 and triggers it to generate gas. The chemical gas generation unit 8 is a chemical gas generation capsule, which contains sodium peroxide powder inside. The reaction of sodium peroxide powder with water will generate oxygen, which will prevent the water outlet hole in the anchor hole 1 from continuing to discharge water. When the amount of oxygen fills the anchor hole 1 to a certain pressure, an anhydrous environment will be formed.

[0054] The limiting member 2 is sleeved on the rod body of the anchor rod 10 and is arranged between the stop plate 11 and the plugging airbag unit, and is used for fixing the anchor rod 10 on the surrounding rock.

[0055] The pressure relief unit includes an exhaust and drainage pipeline 13. The exhaust and drainage pipeline 13 penetrates through the plugging airbag unit and extends into the anchor hole 1, and is used for discharging the gas and water in the anchor hole 1.

[0056] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the stop plate 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the anchor hole 1. The stop plate 11 can be welded and fixed on the anchor rod 10. The stop plate 11 is used for stopping the resin anchoring agent 9 and the surrounding rock debris that fall during the anchoring process, preventing the resin anchoring agent 9 and the debris from falling onto the plugging airbag unit and blocking the entrance of the exhaust and drainage pipeline 13, and avoiding the problem of construction danger caused by inability to relieve pressure.

[0057] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the plugging airbag unit includes an air charging and discharging system, a rubber airbag and a support plate 15; the rubber airbag is movably connected to the anchor rod 10; the air charging and discharging system is connected to one end of the rubber airbag at the entrance of the anchor hole 1 and is used for inflating and deflating the rubber airbag. The air charging and discharging system is provided with an airbag inlet pipeline 5. One end of the airbag inlet pipeline 5 is communicated with the airbag inlet pipe hole opened on the rubber airbag, and the other end is connected to the outlet of the blower 6. At the same time, an automatic air pressure control valve 24 is arranged on the airbag inlet pipeline 5. The rubber airbag is inflated by the blower 6. At the same time, when it is necessary to recover the rubber airbag, the control valve is opened for pressure relief. The support plate 15 is sleeved on the anchor rod 10 and is used for supporting and fixing the rubber airbag. The outer diameter of the support plate 15 is smaller than the inner diameter of the anchor hole 1. Before the rubber airbag is inflated and expanded, it is supported and limited by the support plate 15.

[0058] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the rubber airbag includes an upper airbag plate 3, a lower airbag plate 4, and an airbag body 14; the upper airbag plate 3 and the lower airbag plate 4 are slidably connected to the anchor bolt 10, one end of the airbag body 14 is fixed to the upper airbag plate 3, and the other end is fixed to the lower airbag plate 4. Specifically, the airbag body 14 can be fixed to the upper airbag plate 3 and the lower airbag plate 4 by bonding. The airbag body 14 is arranged circumferentially around the anchor bolt 10 and can block the opening of the anchor hole 1 after being inflated.

[0059] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the upper airbag plate 3 and the lower airbag plate 4 are both axially connected to the anchor bolt 10 through inner retaining rings 18 along the radial direction. The anchor bolt 10 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 17 along the axial length on its side wall. The inner retaining ring 18 protrudes inwardly with a plurality of protrusions 20, and the protrusions 20 and the sliding grooves 17 are in interference fit; specifically, in the present invention, the side wall of the anchor bolt 10 is provided with four sliding grooves 17, and the inner retaining ring 18 is provided with four protrusions 20, which are all evenly arranged circumferentially. The sliding grooves 17 and the protrusions 20 are in interference fit. The upper airbag plate 3 and the lower airbag plate 4 are both connected to the inner retaining ring 18 through ball bearings 22. Through the arrangement of the ball bearings 22, the upper airbag plate 3, the lower airbag plate 4, and the airbag body 14 can maintain their positions fixed during the rotation of the anchor bolt 10, so that the inflated rubber airbag is fixed at a certain position of the surrounding rock. Only the inner retaining ring 18 rotates and advances together with the anchor bolt 10, while ensuring the sealing performance of the rubber airbag. The gas in the anchor hole 1 can reach the preset pressure, preventing water from seeping out of the surrounding rock and maintaining a water-free environment in the anchor hole 1.

[0060] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the upper airbag plate 3 and the lower airbag plate 4 are provided with upper and lower corresponding exhaust and drainage holes 21. The exhaust and drainage pipeline 13 sequentially penetrates through the lower airbag plate 4 and the upper airbag plate 3 and extends into the anchor hole 1; the pressure relief unit further includes a protection pressure relief valve 16, and the protection pressure relief valve 16 is communicated with the exhaust and drainage pipeline 13. When the protection pressure relief valve 16 monitors that the pressure reaches the preset pressure value, it opens the valve to relieve pressure and discharges the water and gas in the anchor hole 1. When the pressure drops to a certain value, the protection pressure relief valve 16 closes. This process can be cycled to ensure the construction safety of the anchoring operation. The lower airbag plate 4 is provided with an airbag air inlet hole 23, and the airbag air inlet pipeline 5 of the air charging and discharging system is communicated with the airbag air inlet hole 23 for inflating and deflating the rubber airbag. The preset pressure value in the present invention is not less than the water pressure in the pores of the surrounding rock in the water-rich environment of the underground project at the time of detection, ensuring that after reaching this value, the gas in the anchor hole 1 can prevent water from seeping out or flowing out.

[0061] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the limiting member 2 includes a pull-back and anti-retreat device 201 and a pull-back and anti-retreat device baffle 202 arranged behind the pull-back and anti-retreat device 201; the pull-back and anti-retreat device 201 includes a sleeve and barbs fixed on the periphery of the sleeve. The sleeve is sleeved on the bolt 10, and a plurality of barbs are evenly arranged along the outer surface of the sleeve. The barbs are arranged obliquely downward to anchor the bolt 10 to the surrounding rock and prevent the bolt 10 from sliding down. The pull-back and anti-retreat device baffle 202 is fixed on the bolt 10 and can be fixed by welding to support the pull-back and anti-retreat device 201. The outer diameter of the pull-back and anti-retreat device baffle 202 is smaller than the inner diameter of the anchor hole 1.

[0062] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the support plate 15 further includes a connecting member 12. At least one blind hole is provided on the bolt 10, and at least one through hole along the radial horizontal direction is provided on the support plate 15. The support plate 15 is fixed on the bolt 10 through the connecting member 12; the support plate 15 is a plate with a certain thickness. Preferably, the diameter of the through hole is less than one-third of the thickness of the support plate 15 to ensure the strength of the support plate 15. The length of the blind hole is short to ensure that the connecting member 12 can be placed into it. The support plate 15 can be an iron sheet or a plastic sheet, and the connecting member 12 can be a wooden stick.

[0063] A plurality of blind holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the bolt 10, and a plurality of through holes are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction on the support plate 15. A plurality of corresponding connecting members 12 are provided to fix the support plate 15 on the bolt 10; specifically, there are four blind holes and four through holes in the present invention.

[0064] The connecting member 12 is made of wood or plastic. The strength of the connecting member 12 does not need to be too high, as long as it can ensure the normal support of the rubber airbag. During the rotation and advancement of the bolt 10, the connecting member 12 will break due to the action of shear force, and the supporting effect of the support plate 15 will disappear. The rubber airbag is fixed and limited by the friction between the rubber airbag and the surrounding rock.

[0065] In the present invention, when the bolt 10 is connected to the bolt drilling rig, it is connected and matched with the bolt drilling rig through the stirring head 7.

[0066] The present invention also provides a method for using an effective anchoring and supporting device for surrounding rock in a water-rich environment in underground engineering. The method for using includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 1, weld and fix the stop plate 11 on the bolt 10, then install the limiting member 2, then weld the pull-back and anti-retreat device baffle 202, then install the plugging airbag unit. The support plate 15 is connected to the bolt 10 through a wooden stick, and at the same time, connect the drainage and exhaust pipeline to the plugging airbag unit.

[0068] Step 2: Place the chemical gas generating unit 8 and the resin anchor 9 at the bottom of the anchor hole 1 in sequence, and put the installed bolt 10 into the anchor hole 1; turn on the blower 6 to inflate the plugging airbag unit, and the inflated bladder 14 is fixed at the opening of the anchor hole 1 to plug the opening of the anchor hole 1, so as to form a sealed space in the anchor hole 1;

[0069] Step 3: Turn on the bolt drilling rig to drive the bolt 10 to further advance, and at the same time turn on the pressure relief unit. The bolt 10 contacts and squeezes the chemical gas generating capsule, and the chemical gas generating capsule ruptures to release the pre-calculated sodium peroxide powder inside. The powder reacts with the water in the anchor hole 1 to release oxygen. In the sealed space, the oxygen rapidly generated by the reaction fills the anchor hole 1, and the pressure in the anchor hole 1 rises, which will prevent the water outlet hole in the anchor hole 1 from continuing to discharge water; the water outlet holes of the surrounding rock in the anchor hole 1 will continuously discharge water in the early stage. The water falls on the upper part of the stop plate 11, and the water and gas are discharged through the exhaust and drainage hole 21 pipeline. The discharge is controlled by the protection pressure relief valve 16. Through the preset pressure value, the safety of on-site anchoring construction personnel is protected. The anchor hole 1 is sealed under the action of the plugging airbag unit, and the pressure in the anchor hole 1 will gradually increase. If the pressure suddenly rushes out and is relieved when it is too large, it will cause great harm to the on-site anchoring construction personnel;

[0070] The protection pressure relief valve 16 is opened, and the exhaust and drainage pipeline 13 discharges water and gas outwards, and then closes. After repeating many times, until all the discharged substances are gas, it means that there is no continuous water discharge in the anchor hole 1. Turn the bolt drilling rig to drive the bolt 10 to rotate and stir the resin anchor 9, and the anchoring reaction occurs; at this time, the resin anchor 9 is stirred without the participation of water, which greatly improves the mutual bonding strength with the surrounding rock;

[0071] Step 4: After waiting for 2 - 3 minutes, after the resin anchor 9 is cured, depressurize through the automatic pneumatic control valve 24, remove and recycle the plugging airbag unit from the rear end of the bolt 10, and at the same time leave the inner ring 18 in the anchor hole 1. Finally, install a tray and a gasket at the rear end of the bolt 10 and screw in the nut to complete the anchoring of the surrounding rock. In other embodiments of the present invention, one end of the sliding groove 17 can extend to the rear end of the bolt 10, and after the anchoring is completed, the inner ring 18 can also be slid out of the bolt 10, and the inner ring 18 is recycled and reused.

[0072] The resin anchor of the present invention is a gelling support material and can be prefabricated into a paste material with a smaller consistency. Through stirring in a sealed space, the thrust can be increased to make the material squeeze into the tiny water outlet holes in the anchor hole, so as to better plug the water outlet holes. In addition, the generated oxygen finally flows into the underground construction working face and will not cause safety hazards such as poisoning and asphyxiation of construction personnel.

[0073] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An effective anchoring support device for surrounding rock in a water-rich environment in underground engineering, characterized in that, The device includes: An anchor rod, which is arranged in the anchor hole, and a stop plate is sleeved on the head of the anchor rod; A plugging airbag unit, which is movably connected to the rear end of the anchor rod and is used for plugging the opening of the anchor hole; A chemical gas generation unit, which is arranged at the bottom of the anchor hole. After the anchor rod extends into the bottom of the anchor hole, it contacts the chemical gas generation unit and triggers it to generate gas. The chemical gas generation unit is a chemical gas generation capsule, which contains sodium peroxide powder inside; A limiting member, which is sleeved on the rod body of the anchor rod and is arranged between the stop plate and the plugging airbag unit, and is used for fixing the anchor rod on the surrounding rock; A pressure relief unit, which includes an exhaust and drainage pipeline. The exhaust and drainage pipeline penetrates through the plugging airbag unit and extends into the anchor hole, and is used for discharging the gas and water in the anchor hole.

2. The effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in a rich water environment in underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that The plugging airbag unit includes an air charging and discharging system, a rubber airbag and a support plate; The rubber airbag is movably connected to the anchor rod; The air charging and discharging system is connected to one end of the rubber airbag at the opening of the anchor hole and is used for inflating and deflating the rubber airbag; The support plate is sleeved on the anchor rod and is used for supporting and fixing the rubber airbag.

3. The effective anchoring and supporting device for surrounding rock in a rich water environment in underground engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rubber airbag includes an airbag upper plate, an airbag lower plate and a bladder; The airbag upper plate and the airbag lower plate are slidably connected to the anchor rod, and one end of the bladder is fixed on the airbag upper plate and the other end is fixed on the airbag lower plate.

4. The effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in a rich water environment in underground engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that, The airbag upper plate and the airbag lower plate are axially connected to the anchor rod through inner ring collars along the radial direction. The anchor rod is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves along the axial length on the side wall. The inner ring collar is convexly provided with a plurality of protrusions inside, and the protrusions and the sliding grooves are in interference fit; The airbag upper plate and the airbag lower plate are both connected to the inner ring collar through ball bearings.

5. The effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in a rich water environment in underground engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that, The airbag upper plate and the airbag lower plate are provided with upper and lower corresponding exhaust and drainage holes, and the exhaust and drainage pipeline extends into the anchor hole through the exhaust and drainage holes; The airbag lower plate is provided with an airbag air inlet hole, and the airbag air inlet pipeline of the air charging and discharging system is communicated with the airbag air inlet hole and is used for inflating and deflating the rubber airbag.

6. The effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in a rich water environment in underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief unit further includes a protection pressure relief valve, which is communicated with the exhaust and drainage pipeline. When the protection pressure relief valve monitors that the pressure reaches a preset value, the valve is opened to relieve pressure.

7. The effective anchoring and supporting device for surrounding rock in a rich water environment in underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting member includes a pull-back limit stopper and a pull-back limit stopper baffle arranged behind the pull-back limit stopper; The pull-back limit stopper includes a sleeve and barbs fixed on the periphery of the sleeve. The sleeve is sleeved on the anchor rod, and the pull-back limit stopper baffle is fixed on the anchor rod and is used for supporting the pull-back limit stopper.

8. The effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in a rich water environment in underground engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the stop plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the anchor hole.

9. The effective anchoring and supporting device for surrounding rock in a rich water environment in underground engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support plate further includes a connecting member; A plurality of blind holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction on the anchor rod, a plurality of through holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction on the support plate, and a plurality of corresponding connecting members are provided to fix the support plate on the anchor rod; The connecting member is made of wood or plastic.

10. A method for using the effective anchoring and support device for surrounding rock in a rich water environment in underground engineering as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The usage method includes the following steps: Step 1, fix the stop plate on the anchor rod, then install the limiting member and the plugging airbag unit, and install and connect the pressure relief unit with the plugging airbag unit; Step 2: Place the chemical gas generation unit and the resin anchor in sequence at the bottom of the anchor hole, and place the installed bolt into the anchor hole; Inflate the plugging airbag unit, and the inflated airbag body is fixed at the anchor hole opening to plug the anchor hole opening, so as to form a sealed space in the anchor hole; Step 3: Turn on the bolt drill to drive the bolt to move forward further, and at the same time turn on the pressure relief unit. The bolt contacts and squeezes the chemical gas generation capsule, and the chemical gas generation capsule ruptures to release the internal sodium peroxide powder, which reacts with the water in the anchor hole to release oxygen. When the pressure in the anchor hole reaches the preset pressure value, the protection pressure relief valve opens, and the exhaust and drainage pipeline discharges water and gas outwards, and then closes. After repeating many times, until all the discharged substances are gas, the bolt drill drives the bolt to rotate to stir the resin anchor, and the anchoring reaction occurs; Step 4: Depressurize the plugging airbag unit, take out and recycle the plugging airbag unit from the rear end of the bolt. Finally, install a tray and a gasket at the rear end of the bolt, and screw in the nut to complete the anchoring of the surrounding rock.

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