Valve ported crank piston water hydraulic motor and method of operation

Abstract

The application discloses a valve flow distribution crank piston water hydraulic motor and a working method, and belongs to the technical field of valve flow distribution crank piston water hydraulic motors. The valve flow distribution crank piston water hydraulic motor is a straight-line crank piston water hydraulic motor with a piston structure arranged along the axial direction of a crankshaft, comprises a crank piston part working in an oil lubrication environment and a water power part driving the crank piston to work through water power, and the crank piston part and the water power part are oil-water isolated. The piston flow distribution process is good in sealing, high in reliability, good in lubrication of friction pairs, can effectively reduce the working temperature, prolong the service life, solves the problems of serious leakage and wear of a flow distribution disc and key friction pairs of a water hydraulic motor, and promotes the application and reliable service of the water hydraulic motor in various fields.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a valve distribution crankshaft piston water hydraulic motor and working method, belongs to the valve distribution crankshaft piston water hydraulic motor technical field. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydraulic motor is one of important execution elements in the hydraulic system, is widely used in various engineering machinery, mine machinery, ocean machinery, in recent years the rapid development of water hydraulic technology puts forward higher requirements for the performance of the hydraulic motor, in some special working conditions with environmental protection, explosion-proof and flame-retardant requirements must use water hydraulic motor, such as deep sea underwater operation, ocean energy exploitation, underwater submarine, seabed mine car, coal mine underground scraper chain wheel tension, emulsion drilling rig and military explosion-proof operation and other related equipment driving. The current water hydraulic motor is vane type, axial piston type, gear type, internal curve radial piston type, crankshaft connecting rod radial piston type, crankshaft swing cylinder radial piston type, wherein the water hydraulic motor is vane type, axial piston type, gear type for medium and high speed hydraulic motor, internal curve radial piston type, crankshaft connecting rod radial piston type, crankshaft swing cylinder radial piston type for low speed large torque hydraulic motor, these motors are mostly used for rust treatment or optimization of oil motor structure, and the flow distribution structure is mostly end face flow distribution. Because the water medium has low viscosity and corrosion, the end face flow distribution structure of the existing water hydraulic motor leaks seriously, the key friction pair is difficult to lubricate, causes corrosion and wear, thereby generating greater leakage, and the volume efficiency, service life, working reliability and the like are difficult to guarantee. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a water hydraulic motor which can adapt to the particularity of the water hydraulic system medium. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application relates to a valve distribution crankshaft piston water hydraulic motor and working method, belongs to the valve distribution crankshaft piston water hydraulic motor technical field.

[0004] Technical scheme: in order to realize the above technical purpose, a valve distribution crankshaft piston water hydraulic motor of the present application is a straight type crankshaft piston water hydraulic motor with piston structure arranged along the crankshaft axial direction, comprising a crankshaft piston part working in oil lubrication environment and a water power part driving the crankshaft piston working through water power, and the crankshaft piston part and the water power part are oil-water isolated;

[0005] Specifically include valve distribution crankshaft part, valve distribution crankshaft part is connected with three groups of slider pistons through connecting piece, each group of slider pistons is connected with plunger device through connecting piece (9), plunger device is connected with high pressure water medium system through connecting piece (9);

[0006] Wherein the valve distribution crankshaft part includes a housing, a cavity filled with lubricating oil is provided in the housing, a crankshaft is provided in the cavity, the crankshaft includes three crank webs, which are crank web a, crank web b and crank web c respectively, the two ends of the crankshaft are respectively installed in the housing through bearings, one end of the crankshaft is a crankshaft output end, a key groove for driving load during work is provided on the output end, the other end is installed through a bearing for supporting a synchronous belt pulley; The crank web a, the crank web b and the crank web c on the crankshaft are respectively connected with three connecting rods through sliding bearings, so that the connecting rods and the crankshaft can rotate with each other;

[0007] The slider piston includes a slider cylinder body in communication with the housing, a matching slider is provided in the slider cylinder body, the crankshaft is connected with the slider through a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the slider through a pin, and the connecting rod and the slider can rotate around the pin;

[0008] The connecting rod, the crankshaft and the slider form an oil lubrication cavity in the housing and the slider cylinder body;

[0009] The plunger device connected with the slider through the connecting piece includes a plunger and a plunger cylinder body, the plunger is arranged in a plunger hole of the plunger cylinder body, the end of the plunger cylinder body is connected with the slider cylinder body, and the tail portion is provided with an end cover with a central opening, the opening of the end cover is connected with a valve system through a pipeline; The plunger cylinder body is provided with a leakage opening at the connection with the slider cylinder body, the inner side of the plunger cylinder body is provided with a groove, and a packing seal is arranged in the groove to form a seal with the plunger. The plunger and the slider isolate the water medium for driving from the lubricating oil medium in the oil lubrication cavity, and the main friction pairs work in oil lubrication, and the water medium is separately isolated in the water medium cavity, so that water medium transmission and oil medium lubrication are realized. The crankshaft works in the oil lubrication cavity filled with lubricating oil, reduces wear and corrosion, and ensures that the lubricating oil cannot leak, thereby greatly improving the working life and volumetric efficiency of the crankshaft;

[0010] The high pressure water medium system includes a distribution shaft and a valve block, the distribution shaft is a crankshaft structure, the distribution shaft includes three groups of plunger liquid inlet eccentric wheels and plunger liquid outlet eccentric wheels connected with the plunger device respectively, the valve block is provided with three groups of liquid inlet distribution valves and liquid outlet distribution valves, each plunger corresponds to a group of liquid inlet distribution valves and liquid outlet distribution valves, each group of liquid inlet distribution valves and liquid outlet distribution valves is alternately opened and closed through the distribution shaft, the valve block is installed on the end cover through bolts, and the flow channel on the valve block is in communication with the flow channel on the end cover; The inlet of the liquid inlet distribution valve is connected with a water pump for supplying liquid to the water hydraulic motor, the outlet of the liquid inlet distribution valve and the inlet of the liquid outlet distribution valve are connected with the end cover flow channel, and the outlet of the liquid outlet distribution valve is connected with a water tank. The plunger is driven by high pressure water, and then the plunger hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the slider through the connecting piece, so as to drive the crankshaft to work.

[0011] Further, the water medium cavity is arranged between the plunger and the end cover in the plunger cylinder, the plunger and the packing seal form a water-proof sealing surface to prevent the gap leakage of the plunger, the leakage port is connected with the outside to discharge the seepage water; the friction pairs are formed by the sliding bearing and the crank web a on the crankshaft, the friction pairs are formed between the inner hole of the connecting rod and the pin, the inner hole of the pin and the slider, and the friction pairs are formed by the slider and the slider cylinder, all of which are oil lubrication, the both ends of the crankshaft are installed in the housing through the rolling bearing, and the lubrication of the rolling bearing is oil lubrication.

[0012] Further, the connecting rod is a split structure, which is convenient to install on the crank web of the crankshaft, the sliding bearing is installed on the inner hole of the connecting rod, and the split structure of the connecting rod is locked by the bolt.

[0013] Further, the slider is provided with a groove for the wear-resistant ring and the reciprocating sealing ring to match the work of the slider cylinder.

[0014] Further, the high-pressure water medium pushes the plunger to move to the left, the plunger pushes the crankshaft to rotate through the connecting piece, the slider, the pin, the connecting rod and the sliding bearing, so that the torque output is formed on the crankshaft, the key friction pairs of the water hydraulic motor are oil lubrication, and the high-pressure water medium only acts on the plunger, the plunger cylinder, the packing seal and the end cover; the packing seal prevents the high-pressure water medium from leaking through the gap of the friction pair composed of the plunger and the plunger cylinder, the high-pressure water medium will seep through the gap between the plunger and the packing seal, and the seepage part of the water medium flows out through the leakage port.

[0015] Further, among the crank webs a, b and c on the crankshaft, the crank webs are uniformly distributed at intervals of ° around the center of the end of the crankshaft, in working, each crank web is sequentially connected with three groups of sliders and pistons and three groups of plunger devices under the continuous action to realize the continuous rotation and torque output; the distribution shaft includes three groups of plunger liquid inlet eccentric wheels and plunger liquid outlet eccentric wheels connected with the plunger devices, the plunger liquid inlet eccentric wheels and the plunger liquid outlet eccentric wheels are the same in size, and the installation phase angles are different by °.

[0016] Further, the high pressure water enters the front end of the liquid inlet distribution valve, and starts to flow when the plunger moves to the rightmost position. At this time, the plunger corresponding liquid inlet eccentric wheel on the distribution shaft controls the opening of the liquid inlet distribution valve, and the plunger corresponding liquid outlet eccentric wheel on the distribution shaft controls the closing of the liquid outlet distribution valve. The high pressure water enters the water medium cavity to push the plunger to move to the left, and the plunger drives the crankshaft to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting piece, sliding block and connecting rod, thereby outputting torque on the crankshaft. After the crankshaft rotates counterclockwise, the plunger moves to the leftmost position. At this time, the plunger corresponding liquid inlet eccentric wheel on the distribution shaft controls the closing of the liquid inlet distribution valve, and the plunger corresponding liquid outlet eccentric wheel on the distribution shaft controls the opening of the liquid outlet distribution valve. The continuous movement of the crankshaft makes the plunger move to the right to discharge the water in the water medium cavity through the liquid outlet distribution valve. After the crankshaft rotates counterclockwise, the plunger moves to the rightmost position, and the plunger completes a complete working cycle at this time.

[0017] Further, the liquid inlet distribution valve and the liquid outlet distribution valve have the same structure. The liquid inlet distribution valve comprises a valve sleeve, a through hole is arranged in the valve sleeve, a sealed valve core end cover is arranged at the top of the through hole, a valve core is connected to the through hole in the valve sleeve through a spring, a push rod is connected to the valve core, a sealed end cover is arranged below the through hole of the valve sleeve, the end of the push rod is connected to the liquid inlet eccentric wheel, the tail end of the push rod penetrates through the sealed end cover and is in contact with the valve core, and a sealing assembly is arranged on the part of the push rod penetrating through the sealed end cover. The two sides of the valve core are provided with through holes which are open or closed under the control of the valve core opening and closing through the push rod and the spring. The push rod of the liquid outlet distribution valve is connected to the liquid outlet eccentric wheel.

[0018] Further, the sealing assembly is composed of a flexible wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene ring, a stainless steel ring, a packing seal and a threaded pressure head from bottom to top, which are used to prevent leakage at the interface between the push rod and the sealing assembly.

[0019] A working method of the valve distribution crankshaft plunger water hydraulic motor, the steps of which are as follows:

[0020] The liquid inlet eccentric wheel is used to control the opening or closing of the liquid inlet distribution valve. The valve core is opened by pushing the push rod upward through the liquid inlet eccentric wheel. The liquid inlet distribution valve is opened within ° of the rotation of the liquid inlet eccentric wheel, and is closed from ° to °.

[0021] The liquid outlet eccentric wheel is used to control the opening or closing of the liquid outlet distribution valve. The opening and closing process is the same as the opening process of the liquid inlet distribution valve. The liquid outlet distribution valve is closed within ° of the rotation of the liquid outlet eccentric wheel, and is opened from ° to °. When the liquid inlet distribution valve is opened, the liquid outlet distribution valve is closed, and when the liquid inlet distribution valve is closed, the liquid outlet distribution valve is opened.

[0022] When the plunger moves to the rightmost side, the liquid discharge eccentric wheel controls the liquid discharge valve to close, the liquid inlet eccentric wheel controls the liquid inlet valve to open, at this time, the high-pressure water enters the water medium cavity on the right side of the plunger through the liquid inlet valve, and pushes the plunger to move to the left, the plunger drives the crankshaft to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting piece, the sliding block and the connecting rod, so that the torque output is formed on the crankshaft, the plunger moves to the leftmost side, and the crankshaft rotates °, at this time, the liquid discharge eccentric wheel controls the liquid discharge valve to open, the liquid inlet eccentric wheel controls the liquid inlet valve to close, and the crankshaft continuously rotates counterclockwise under the action of other plungers °, and the plunger moves from the leftmost side to the rightmost side, so that the water in the water medium cavity is discharged through the liquid discharge valve, and a complete liquid inlet and liquid discharge process of the plunger is completed.

[0023] The valve distribution crankshaft plunger water hydraulic motor has three plungers, and the phase angle of the motion law is °.

[0024] The crankshaft and the distribution shaft rotate synchronously through synchronous pulleys, so that the liquid inlet eccentric wheel and the liquid discharge eccentric wheel corresponding to each plunger can orderly control the liquid inlet valve and the liquid discharge valve to distribute the liquid to the plunger.

[0025] Advantages: The water hydraulic motor realizes the isolation of lubricating oil and working water medium, ensures that the motor works with water medium and lubricating oil, reduces the requirements of the water hydraulic motor on the material performance and machining precision of key parts, solves the wear and leakage problems of key friction pairs such as plunger pairs, sliding shoe pairs and distribution pairs of the existing water hydraulic motor, improves the working stability and service life of the water motor, improves the volumetric efficiency and distribution reliability of the water hydraulic motor by using the good sealing property and reliability of the distribution valve, and the water hydraulic motor has the advantages of wide speed range, large output torque, convenient disassembly and maintenance, and is suitable for driving related equipment in various underwater operations, ocean energy exploitation, coal mine underground and other fields.

[0026] The valve distribution crankshaft plunger water hydraulic motor of the application separates the working medium (water) and the lubricating medium from each other by the plunger 12 and the sliding block 6, the main friction pairs are lubricated by oil in the oil lubrication cavity, and the water medium is separately isolated in the water medium cavity, so that the water medium transmission and oil medium lubrication are realized.

[0027] Because the water medium is sealed in the plunger, the plunger cylinder, the packing seal and the end cover 4, the water hydraulic motor is designed and processed, only the rust prevention and wear resistance of the plunger, the plunger cylinder, the packing seal and the end cover need to be considered, other components can be made of ordinary alloy steel, thereby reducing the processing cost and manufacturing difficulty.

[0028] Considering that the working medium of the water hydraulic motor is water, the viscosity is low, and the lubrication performance is poor, the water hydraulic motor with the common end face flow distribution and shaft flow distribution structure all has a flow distribution friction pair, the flow distribution friction pair has serious leakage and is extremely easy to wear, the volumetric efficiency is low, and the flow distribution demand of the plunger of the motor under the water medium cannot be met, the valve flow distribution structure crankshaft plunger water hydraulic motor of the application utilizes the on-off control of the flow distribution valve to supply liquid to the motor plunger cavity, so that there is no flow distribution pair in the water hydraulic motor, the valve core of the flow distribution valve adopts a spool valve core, has good sealing, on-off and response, and the on-off of the flow distribution valve is controlled by the eccentric wheel on the flow distribution shaft, thereby avoiding the failure and invalidation of the water hydraulic motor caused by the wear and leakage of the flow distribution friction pair. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The valve flow distribution crankshaft plunger water hydraulic motor structure diagram of the application;

[0030] Figure 2 The crankshaft structure diagram of the valve flow distribution crankshaft plunger water hydraulic motor of the application;

[0031] Figure 3 The flow distribution shaft structure diagram of the valve flow distribution crankshaft plunger water hydraulic motor of the application;

[0032] Figure 4 The plunger flow distribution principle schematic diagram of the valve flow distribution crankshaft plunger water hydraulic motor of the application.

[0033] In the figure, 1, housing, 2, connecting rod, 3, sliding bearing, 4, crankshaft, 5, pin, 6, sliding block, 7, wear ring, 8, reciprocating sealing ring, 9, connecting piece, 10, leakage port, 11, plunger cylinder, 12, plunger, 13, packing seal, 14, end cover, 15, flow distribution shaft, 16, liquid inlet flow distribution valve, 17, liquid outlet flow distribution valve, 18, valve block, 19, sliding block cylinder.

[0034] 16-1, valve core end cover, 16-2, valve sleeve, 16-3, spring, 16-4, valve core, 16-5, sealing assembly, 16-6, sealing end cover, 16-7, push rod.

[0035] 4-1, crankshaft output end, 4-2, crank a, 4-3, crank b, 4-4, crank c.

[0036] 12-1, plunger 1 liquid eccentric, 12-2, plunger 1 liquid eccentric, 12-3, plunger 2 liquid eccentric, 12-4, plunger 2 liquid eccentric, 12-5, plunger 3 liquid eccentric, 12-6, plunger 3 liquid eccentric. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The application will be further explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] As shown in Figure 1 , 2 , 3, a valve flow distribution crank plunger water hydraulic motor of the application, it includes housing 1, connecting rod, 2, sliding bearing 3, crankshaft 4, pin 5, slider 6, wear ring 7, reciprocating seal ring 8, connecting piece 9, leakage port 10, plunger cylinder 11, plunger 12, packing seal 13, end cover 14, flow distribution shaft 15, liquid inlet flow distribution valve 16, liquid outlet flow distribution valve 17, valve block 18, slider cylinder 19.

[0039] The crankshaft 4 is machined with three crank webs, the connecting rod 2 is installed on the crank web 1 of the crankshaft 4, and the sliding bearing 3 is installed between the connecting rod 2 and the crank web of the crankshaft 4, so that the connecting rod 2 and the crankshaft 4 can rotate relative to each other, the other end of the connecting rod 2 is connected together through the pin 5 and the slider 6, and the connecting rod 2 and the slider 6 can rotate around the pin 5.

[0040] The connecting rod 2 is of split structure, which can be conveniently installed on the crank web of the crankshaft 4, the sliding bearing 3 is installed on the inner hole of the connecting rod 2, and the split structure of the connecting rod 2 is locked by bolts.

[0041] The slider 6 is provided with a groove for installing the wear ring 7 and the reciprocating seal ring 8, the slider 6 is installed in the hole on the slider cylinder 19, the other end of the slider 6 is connected (screwed) with the plunger 12 through the connecting piece 9, the plunger 12 is installed in the plunger hole of the plunger cylinder 11, the plunger cylinder 11 is machined with the leakage port 10 and the groove for installing the packing seal 13;

[0042] The water medium cavity is a sealed volume composed of the plunger cylinder 11, the packing seal 13, the plunger 12, and the end cover 14, and the water medium lubrication is between the plunger 12 and the packing seal 13; the oil lubrication cavity is a sealed volume composed of the shell 1, the connecting rod 2, the crankshaft 4, the sliding block 6, and the sliding block cylinder 19, the sliding bearing 3 is fixed in the hole of the connecting rod 2, the friction pairs composed of the sliding bearing 3 and the crank web 1 on the crankshaft 4, the pin 5 and the inner hole of the connecting rod 2, the pin 5 and the inner hole of the sliding block 6, and the sliding block 6 and the sliding block cylinder 19 are all oil lubrication, the two ends of the crankshaft 4 are installed in the shell 1 through rolling bearings, and the lubrication of the rolling bearings is also oil lubrication; in the working of the water hydraulic motor, the high-pressure water pushes the plunger 12 to move to the left, and the plunger 12 further pushes the crankshaft 4 to rotate through the connecting piece 9, the sliding block 6, the pin 5, the connecting rod 2, and the sliding bearing 3, so that the torque output is formed on the crankshaft 4; the key friction pairs of the water hydraulic motor are oil lubrication, and the high-pressure water medium only acts on the plunger 12, the plunger cylinder 11, the packing seal 13, and the end cover 14.

[0043] The wear-resistant ring 7 is used to overcome the lateral force borne by the sliding block 6.

[0044] The packing seal 13 is used to prevent the high-pressure water from leaking through the gap between the friction pairs composed of the plunger 12 and the plunger cylinder 11, the high-pressure water can seep out between the plunger 12 and the packing seal 13, and the seeped part of the water medium flows out through the leakage port 10.

[0045] The shell 1 and the sliding block cylinder 19 are connected together through bolts, the plunger cylinder 11 is fixed on the sliding block cylinder 19 through bolts, and the end cover 14 is installed on the plunger cylinder 11 through bolts.

[0046] In the valve flow distribution crankshaft plunger water hydraulic motor, the plunger 12, the sliding block 6, the connecting rod 2, the sliding bearing 3, the pin 5, the wear-resistant ring 7, and the reciprocating sealing ring 8 are all three, the structure of the crankshaft 4 is as shown in Figure 2 In the water hydraulic motor, three crank webs are machined on the crankshaft 4, each crank web is uniformly distributed at an interval of 120° around the center of the end of the crankshaft, the sliding bearing 3, the connecting rod 2, the pin 5, the sliding block 6, the connecting piece 9, and the plunger 12 are sequentially connected on each crank web, and the crankshaft 4 realizes continuous rotation and torque output under the continuous action of the three plungers.

[0047] The structure of the flow distribution shaft 15 is as shown in Figure 3As shown, the water hydraulic motor has one inlet and one outlet corresponding to each plunger 12, the high pressure water enters the front end of the inlet, and the plunger 12 starts to move to the right when the plunger 12 moves to the rightmost position, at this time, the inlet eccentric wheel corresponding to the plunger 12 on the valve shaft 15 controls the opening of the inlet valve 16, and the outlet eccentric wheel corresponding to the plunger 12 on the valve shaft 15 controls the closing of the outlet valve 17, the high pressure water enters the water medium chamber to push the plunger 12 to move to the left, and the plunger 12 drives the crankshaft 4 to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting piece 9, the sliding block 6 and the connecting rod 2, so as to output torque on the crankshaft 4; after the crankshaft 4 rotates counterclockwise by 180°, the plunger 12 moves to the leftmost position, at this time, the inlet eccentric wheel corresponding to the plunger 12 on the valve shaft 15 controls the closing of the inlet valve 16, and the outlet eccentric wheel corresponding to the plunger 12 on the valve shaft 15 controls the opening of the outlet valve 17, the continuous movement of the crankshaft 4 makes the plunger 12 move to the right, and the water in the water medium chamber is discharged through the outlet valve 17, and the plunger 12 moves to the rightmost position after the crankshaft 4 rotates counterclockwise by 180°, at this time, the plunger 12 completes a complete working cycle.

[0048] The high pressure water medium system comprises a valve shaft 15 and a valve block 18, the valve shaft 15 is a crankshaft structure, the valve shaft 15 comprises three groups of plunger inlet eccentric wheels and plunger outlet eccentric wheels connected with the plunger device, respectively, the plunger 1 inlet eccentric wheel (12-1), the plunger 1 outlet eccentric wheel (12-2), the plunger 2 inlet eccentric wheel (12-3), the plunger 2 outlet eccentric wheel (12-4), the plunger 3 inlet eccentric wheel (12-5) and the plunger 3 outlet eccentric wheel (12-6), the valve block 18 is provided with three groups of inlet valves 16 and outlet valves 17, each plunger 12 corresponds to a group of inlet valves 16 and outlet valves 17, each group of inlet valves 16 and outlet valves 17 is alternately opened and closed through the valve shaft 15, the valve block 18 is connected and installed on the end cover 14 through bolts, and the flow channel on the valve block 18 is communicated with the flow channel on the end cover 14; the inlet of the inlet valve 16 is connected with a water pump for supplying water to the water hydraulic motor, the outlet of the inlet valve 16 and the inlet of the outlet valve 17 are connected with the flow channel of the end cover 14, and the outlet of the outlet valve 17 is connected with a water tank, the plunger 12 is pushed by high pressure water, and then the plunger hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the sliding block 6 through the connecting piece 9, so as to drive the crankshaft 4 to rotate.

[0049] The inlet valve 16 and the outlet valve 17 are both installed in the valve block 18, the valve block 18 is connected and installed on the end cover 14 through bolts, and the flow channel on the valve block 18 is communicated with the flow channel on the end cover 14.

[0050] Taking the plunger 12 connected with the crank 1 of the crankshaft 4 as an example, combined with the above description of the working principle of the water hydraulic motor, Figure 4Further illustrate the structure of the inlet flow valve 16, the outlet flow valve 17 and the flow distribution process of the plunger 12 of the water hydraulic motor. The inlet flow valve 16 and the outlet flow valve 17 are completely the same in structure. Take the inlet flow valve 16 as an example, which is composed of a valve core end cover 16-1, a valve sleeve 16-2, a spring 16-3, a valve core 16-4, a sealing assembly 16-5, a sealing end cover 16-6 and a push rod 16-7.

[0051] The opening and closing of the inlet flow valve 16 are determined by the inlet eccentric wheel. The upward movement of the push rod 16-7 driven by the inlet eccentric wheel makes the valve core 16-4 open. The inlet flow valve 16 is opened within 0-180° of the rotation of the inlet eccentric wheel and is closed within 180°-360°. The opening and closing of the outlet flow valve 17 are determined by the outlet eccentric wheel. The opening and closing process is similar to that of the inlet flow valve 16, which will not be described here. The outlet flow valve 17 is closed within 0-180° of the rotation of the outlet eccentric wheel and is opened within 180°-360°. The inlet flow valve 16 is opened and the outlet flow valve 17 is closed. The inlet flow valve 16 is closed and the outlet flow valve 17 is opened.

[0052] When the plunger 12 moves to the rightmost side, the outlet eccentric wheel controls the outlet flow valve 17 to close and the inlet eccentric wheel controls the inlet flow valve 16 to open. At this time, high-pressure water enters the water medium cavity on the right side of the plunger 12 through the inlet flow valve 16, drives the plunger 12 to move leftward, and drives the crankshaft 4 to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting piece 9, the sliding block 6 and the connecting rod 2, so that the torque output is formed on the crankshaft 4. When the plunger 12 moves to the leftmost side, the crankshaft 4 rotates 180°. At this time, the outlet eccentric wheel controls the outlet flow valve 17 to open and the inlet eccentric wheel controls the inlet flow valve 16 to close. The crankshaft 4 continuously rotates counterclockwise by 180° under the action of other plungers 12. The plunger 12 moves from the leftmost side to the rightmost side, discharges the water in the water medium cavity through the outlet flow valve 17, and completes a complete inlet and outlet process of the plunger 12. The water hydraulic motor of the present application has three plungers 12, and the phase angle of the movement law is 120°. In operation, the three plungers 12 alternately and cyclically act on the crankshaft 4, continuously forming torque and rotation output on the crankshaft 4.

[0053] The crankshaft 4 and the flow distribution shaft 15 are connected through synchronous pulleys, and both keep synchronous rotation, which ensures that the corresponding inlet eccentric wheel and outlet eccentric wheel of each plunger 12 orderly control the inlet flow valve 16 and the outlet flow valve 17 to flow to the plunger 12.

[0054] The sealing assembly 16-5 is composed of four parts, from bottom to top, which are elastic wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene ring, stainless steel ring, packing seal and threaded pressure head, which are used to prevent leakage between the push rod 16-7 and the sealing assembly 16-5.

Claims

1. A valve porting crank-piston water hydraulic motor characterized by: The in-line crank piston hydraulic motor with the plunger structure arranged along the crankshaft axial direction comprises a crank piston part working in the oil lubrication environment and a water power part driving the crank piston to work through the water power, and the crank piston part is oil-water isolated from the water power part; Specifically, the valve distribution crank part is connected with three groups of slider pistons through connecting pieces, each group of slider pistons is connected with a plunger device through a connecting piece (9), and the plunger device is connected with a high-pressure water medium system; The valve distribution crank part comprises a shell (1), a cavity filled with lubricating oil is arranged in the shell (1), a crankshaft (4) is arranged in the cavity, the crankshaft (4) comprises three crank webs, namely a crank web a (4-2), a crank web b (4-3) and a crank web c (4-4), both ends of the crankshaft (4) are mounted in the shell (1) through bearings, one end of the crankshaft (4) is a crankshaft output end (4-1), a key groove for driving a load during work is arranged on the output end, and the other end is mounted and supported through a bearing of a synchronous belt pulley; the crank web a (4-2), the crank web b (4-3) and the crank web c (4-4) on the crankshaft (4) are connected with three connecting rods (2) through sliding bearings (3), so that the connecting rod (2) and the crankshaft (4) can rotate relative to each other; The slider piston comprises a slider cylinder (19) in communication with the shell (1), a matching slider (6) is arranged in the slider cylinder (19), the crankshaft (4) is connected with the slider (6) through a pin (5) through the connecting rod (2), the other end of the connecting rod (2) is connected with the slider (6) through the pin (5), and the connecting rod (2) and the slider (6) can rotate relative to each other around the pin (5); The connecting rod (2), the crankshaft (4) and the slider (6) form an oil lubrication cavity in the shell (1) and the slider cylinder (19); The plunger device connected with the slider (6) through the connecting piece (9) comprises a plunger (12) and a plunger cylinder (11), the plunger (12) is arranged in a plunger hole of the plunger cylinder (11), an end of the plunger cylinder (11) is connected with the slider cylinder (19), a tail portion is provided with a central opening end cover (14), the opening of the end cover (14) is connected with a valve system through a pipeline; a leakage port (10) is formed in the plunger cylinder (11) at the connection position with the slider cylinder (19), a groove is formed in the inner side of the plunger cylinder (11), a packing seal (13) is arranged in the groove and forms a seal with the plunger (12), the water medium for driving and the lubricating oil medium in the oil lubrication cavity are isolated by the plunger (12) and the slider (6), the main friction pairs work in the oil lubrication, and the water medium is separately isolated in the water medium cavity, so that the water medium transmission and the oil medium lubrication are realized, the crankshaft (4) works in the oil lubrication cavity filled with lubricating oil, the wear and corrosion are reduced, and meanwhile, the leakage of the lubricating oil is prevented. The high-pressure water medium system comprises a distribution shaft (15) and a valve block (18), the distribution shaft (15) is a crankshaft structure, the distribution shaft (15) comprises three groups of plunger liquid inlet eccentric wheels and plunger liquid outlet eccentric wheels connected with plunger devices respectively, the valve block (18) is provided with three groups of liquid inlet distribution valves (16) and liquid outlet distribution valves (17), each plunger (12) corresponds to a group of liquid inlet distribution valves (16) and liquid outlet distribution valves (17), each group of liquid inlet distribution valves (16) and liquid outlet distribution valves (17) is realized alternately opened and closed through the distribution shaft (15), the valve block (18) is installed on the end cover (14) through bolt connection, and the flow channel on the valve block (18) is communicated with the flow channel on the end cover (14); the inlet of the liquid inlet distribution valve (16) is connected with a water pump for supplying liquid to the water hydraulic motor, the outlet of the liquid inlet distribution valve (16) and the inlet of the liquid outlet distribution valve (17) are connected with the flow channel of the end cover (14), and the outlet of the liquid outlet distribution valve (17) is connected with a water tank, the plunger (12) is driven by high-pressure water, then the plunger hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the sliding block (6) through the connecting piece (9), so that the crankshaft (4) is driven to rotate and work.

2. A valve ported crank piston water hydraulic motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water medium cavity is arranged between the plunger (12) and the end cover (14) in the plunger cylinder (11), the plunger (12) and the packing seal (13) form a water sealing surface, so as to prevent the gap leakage of the plunger (12), the leakage port (10) is connected with the outside, and is used for discharging the seepage water; the friction pairs formed by the sliding bearing (3) and the crank web a (4-2) on the crankshaft (4), the friction pairs formed between the inner hole of the movable connection between the connecting rod (2) and the pin (5), the friction pairs formed between the inner hole of the connection between the pin (5) and the sliding block (6), and the friction pairs formed between the sliding block (6) and the sliding block cylinder (19) are all oil lubrication, the two ends of the crankshaft (4) are installed in the shell (1) through rolling bearings, and the lubrication of the rolling bearings is oil lubrication.

3. A valve ported crank piston water hydraulic motor according to claim 1, wherein: The connecting rod (2) is a split structure, is convenient to install on the crank web of the crankshaft (4), the sliding bearing (3) is installed on the inner hole of the connecting rod (2), and the split structure of the connecting rod (2) is locked by bolts.

4. A valve-ported, wobble plate, axial piston hydraulic motor according to claim 1, wherein: The sliding block (6) is provided with a groove for mounting the wear-resistant ring (7) and the reciprocating sealing ring (8) matched with the sliding block cylinder (19), and the wear-resistant ring (7) is used for overcoming the lateral force borne by the sliding block (6).

5. A valve porting crank piston water hydraulic motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure water medium drives the plunger (12) to move to the left, the plunger (12) drives the crankshaft (4) to rotate through the connecting piece (9), the sliding block (6), the pin (5), the connecting rod (2) and the sliding bearing (3), so that the torque output is formed on the crankshaft (4); the key friction pairs of the water hydraulic motor are realized oil lubrication, and the high-pressure water medium only acts on the plunger (12), the plunger cylinder (11), the packing seal (13) and the end cover (14); the packing seal (13) prevents the high-pressure water medium from leaking through the gap of the friction pairs formed by the plunger (12) and the plunger cylinder (11), the high-pressure water medium can seep through the gap between the plunger (12) and the packing seal (13), and the seeped water medium flows out through the leakage port (10).

6. A valve porting crank piston water hydraulic motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among the crank a (4-2), crank b (4-3) and crank c (4-4) on the crankshaft (4), each crank is uniformly distributed around the center of the crankshaft end at an interval of 120°, and each crank is connected to three groups of sliding block pistons and three groups of plunger devices in sequence to realize continuous rotation and torque output under the continuous action of the plunger devices; the distribution shaft (15) includes three groups of plunger liquid inlet eccentric wheels and plunger liquid outlet eccentric wheels connected with the plunger devices respectively, and the plunger liquid inlet eccentric wheels and the plunger liquid outlet eccentric wheels are of the same size and are installed at an angle difference of 180°.

7. A valve porting crank piston water hydraulic motor according to claim 1, wherein: High-pressure water enters the front end of the liquid inlet distribution valve (16) and starts to enter when the plunger (12) moves to the rightmost position, at which time the liquid inlet eccentric wheel corresponding to the plunger (12) on the distribution shaft (15) controls the opening of the liquid inlet distribution valve (16), and the liquid outlet eccentric wheel corresponding to the plunger (12) on the distribution shaft (15) controls the closing of the liquid outlet distribution valve (17), and the high-pressure water enters the water medium cavity to push the plunger (12) to move to the left, and the plunger (12) pushes the crankshaft (4) to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting piece (9), the sliding block (6) and the connecting rod (2), thereby outputting torque on the crankshaft (4); after the crankshaft (4) rotates counterclockwise by 180°, the plunger (12) moves to the leftmost position, at which time the liquid inlet eccentric wheel corresponding to the plunger (12) on the distribution shaft (15) controls the closing of the liquid inlet distribution valve (16), and the liquid outlet eccentric wheel corresponding to the plunger (12) on the distribution shaft (15) controls the opening of the liquid outlet distribution valve (17), and the continuous movement of the crankshaft (4) makes the plunger (12) move to the right to discharge the water in the water medium cavity through the liquid outlet distribution valve (17), and after the crankshaft (4) rotates counterclockwise by 180°, the plunger (12) moves to the rightmost position, at which time the plunger (12) completes a complete working cycle.

8. A valve-ported, wobble plate, axial piston hydraulic motor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet distribution valve (16) and the liquid outlet distribution valve (17) are of the same structure, the liquid inlet distribution valve (16) includes a valve sleeve (16-2), a through hole is arranged in the valve sleeve (16-2), a sealed valve core end cover (16-1) is arranged at the top of the through hole, a valve core (16-4) is connected to the through hole in the valve sleeve (16-2) through a spring (16-3), the valve core (16-4) is connected to a push rod (16-7), a sealed end cover (16-6) is arranged below the through hole of the valve sleeve (16-2), the end of the push rod (16-7) is connected to the liquid inlet eccentric wheel, the tail end of the push rod (16-7) penetrates through the sealed end cover (16-6) and is in contact with the valve core (16-4), and the part of the push rod (16-7) penetrating through the sealed end cover (16-6) is provided with a sealing assembly (16-5); the two sides of the valve core (16-4) are provided with through holes which are guided and opened or closed by the valve core (16-4) under the control of the push rod (16-7) and the spring (16-3); the push rod of the liquid outlet distribution valve (17) is connected to the liquid outlet eccentric wheel.

9. A valve-ported, wobble plate, axial piston hydraulic motor as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (16-5) is composed of four parts, from bottom to top, in sequence, a wear-resistant polytetrafluoroethylene ring with elasticity, a stainless steel ring, a seal and a threaded pressure head.

10. A method of operating a valve-ported, cam-and-plunger, hydraulic motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein The steps are: The inlet eccentric wheel controls the opening or closing of the inlet flow distribution valve (16). When the push rod (16-7) is pushed upward by the inlet eccentric wheel, the valve core (16-4) is opened. The inlet flow distribution valve (16) is opened within 0-180° of the rotation of the inlet eccentric wheel, and is closed within 180°-360°. The outlet eccentric wheel controls the opening or closing of the outlet flow distribution valve (17). The opening and closing processes are the same as the opening process of the inlet flow distribution valve (16). The outlet flow distribution valve (17) is closed within 0-180° of the rotation of the outlet eccentric wheel, and is opened within 180°-360°. When the inlet flow distribution valve (16) is opened, the outlet flow distribution valve (17) is closed. When the inlet flow distribution valve (16) is closed, the outlet flow distribution valve (17) is opened. When the plunger (12) moves to the rightmost side, the outlet eccentric wheel controls the outlet flow distribution valve (17) to be closed, and the inlet eccentric wheel controls the inlet flow distribution valve (16) to be opened. At this time, the high-pressure water enters the water medium cavity on the right side of the plunger (12) through the inlet flow distribution valve (16), and pushes the plunger (12) to move to the left. The plunger (12) pushes the crankshaft (4) to rotate counterclockwise through the connecting piece (9), the sliding block (6), and the connecting rod (2), so that the torque output is formed on the crankshaft (4). When the plunger (12) moves to the leftmost side, the crankshaft (4) rotates 180°. At this time, the outlet eccentric wheel controls the outlet flow distribution valve (17) to be opened, and the inlet eccentric wheel controls the inlet flow distribution valve (16) to be closed. The crankshaft (4) continues to rotate counterclockwise by 180° under the action of the other plungers (12). The plunger (12) moves from the leftmost side to the rightmost side, and the water in the water medium cavity is discharged through the outlet flow distribution valve (17), completing a complete inlet and outlet process of the plunger (12). The valve flow distribution crankshaft plunger hydraulic motor has three plungers (12), and the phase angle of the motion law is 120°. In operation, the three plungers (12) reciprocate and alternately act on the crankshaft (4), continuously forming torque and rotation output on the crankshaft (4). The crankshaft (4) and the flow distribution shaft (15) rotate synchronously through synchronous pulleys, ensuring that the inlet eccentric wheel and the outlet eccentric wheel corresponding to each plunger (12) orderly control the inlet flow distribution valve (16) and the outlet flow distribution valve (17) to flow to the plunger (12).

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