Ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing devices and systems

Abstract

The present invention provides a sensing device and system integrating ultra-high frequency (UHF) and optics, relating to the field of signal sensing and detection technology. The device comprises an ultra-high frequency (UHF) sensing unit and an optical sensing unit. The UHF sensing unit's handhole cover is designed to cover the handhole of GIS equipment. A UHF coupler senses electromagnetic signals generated by partial discharges caused by defects within the GIS equipment and generates an ultra-high frequency (UHF) signal, which is output by a cable head. The optical sensing unit comprises a focusing lens and a photosensitive element. The focusing lens is mounted within the UHF coupler, an insulating cushion, and a mounting hole in the handhole cover. The photosensitive element is detachably connected to the end of the focusing lens. The focusing lens focuses light generated by defects within the GIS equipment, which is then converted into an electrical signal by the photosensitive element. This device and system integrates ultra-high frequency (UHF) and optical sensing to achieve more comprehensive perception and detection of defects within GIS equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of signal sensing and detection technology, and in particular to a sensing device and system integrating ultra-high frequency and optics. Background Art

[0002] Gas-insulated switchgear (GIS), with its compact structure, small footprint, easy installation, minimal maintenance, and strong environmental adaptability, is widely used in power generation and transmission, including large hydropower stations, ultra-high / ultra-high voltage substations, and ultra-high voltage DC converter stations. It is a key node in large-scale energy transmission channels. However, insulation failures often occur during GIS operation, impacting energy and power transmission and jeopardizing the safety and stability of the power grid.

[0003] Traditional GIS status monitoring usually only starts from the perception of a single physical quantity. Single sensing technology has monitoring blind spots and is difficult to warn of sudden failures caused by GIS insulation surface defects, GIS mechanical defects, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention includes providing a UHF and optical integrated sensing device and system, which integrates UHF sensing and optical sensing to achieve more comprehensive perception and detection of defects in GIS equipment.

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a UHF and optical integrated sensing device, which is used to be installed in a handhole of a GIS device. The device includes a UHF sensing unit and an optical sensing unit.

[0007] The UHF sensing unit includes a UHF coupler, an insulating cushion layer, a handhole cover plate, a feed rod, and a cable head. The UHF coupler, insulating cushion layer, and handhole cover plate are stacked in sequence. The handhole cover plate is used to cover the handhole, and the UHF coupler is placed in the handhole. The cable head is installed on the side of the handhole cover plate away from the UHF coupler. The feed rod passes through the insulating cushion layer and the handhole cover plate. One end of the feed rod is connected to the UHF coupler, and the other end of the feed rod is connected to the cable head. The UHF coupler is used to sense the electromagnetic signal generated by the partial discharge of the defect in the GIS equipment and generate a UHF signal output by the cable head.

[0008] The optical sensing unit includes a focusing lens, a sealed light-shielding block, an end cover and a photosensitive element. The UHF coupler, the insulating pad and the handhole cover are provided with mounting holes. The focusing lens is installed in the mounting holes. The end cover is connected to the side of the handhole cover away from the UHF coupler. The photosensitive element is detachably connected to the end of the focusing lens and extends from the end cover. The sealed light-shielding block is installed in the end cover and covers the connection between the focusing lens and the photosensitive element. The focusing lens is used to focus the light generated by defects in the GIS equipment, and the light is converted into an electrical signal by the photosensitive element.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the UHF sensing unit further includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, the first sealing ring being clamped between the UHF coupler and the insulating pad layer, and the second sealing ring being clamped between the insulating pad layer and the handhole cover plate.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the focusing lens is located inside the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the UHF coupler, the insulating pad and the handhole cover are all disc-shaped, and the UHF coupler, the insulating pad, the handhole cover, the feeding rod and the cable head are all coaxially arranged.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the focusing lens includes a hemispherical portion, a mesa-shaped transition section and a cylindrical section connected in sequence, and the mounting through hole includes a first through hole opened on the ultra-high frequency coupler, a second through hole opened on the insulating pad and a third through hole opened on the handhole cover plate, the hemispherical portion fits in the first through hole, the mesa-shaped transition section fits in the second through hole, and the cylindrical section fits in the third through hole.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the diameter of the opening of the first through hole at one end away from the insulating pad layer is smaller than the diameter of the opening at one end close to the insulating pad layer.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the aperture of the second through hole gradually decreases from one end close to the UHF coupler to the other end.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, a connection line between the hemispherical portion and the mesa-shaped transition section is located between the UHF coupler and the insulating pad.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the optical sensing unit further includes a protective cover, which is detachably mounted on the end cap to close the end cap after the photosensitive element is removed from the end of the focusing lens.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a UHF and optical integrated sensing system, which includes a signal acquisition unit, a switch, an intelligent analysis and diagnosis unit, and at least one UHF and optical integrated sensing device of the aforementioned embodiment, wherein the cable head and the photosensitive element are both connected to the signal acquisition unit, and the signal acquisition unit, the switch, and the intelligent analysis and diagnosis unit are connected in sequence.

[0018] The advantageous effects of the ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing device and system provided by the embodiments of the present invention include:

[0019] 1. The UHF sensor and optical sensor are integrated into a compact structure. At the same time, it is combined with the existing hand holes of the GIS equipment to avoid opening new sensor installation points on the GIS equipment, thereby avoiding affecting the overall reliability of the GIS equipment;

[0020] 2. It can achieve more comprehensive perception and detection of defects in GIS equipment. Different sensor signals can verify each other, effectively avoiding misjudgment of detection signals due to external interference;

[0021] 3. The use of detachable and flexibly arranged photosensitive elements can, on the one hand, save costs and reduce the amount of equipment operation and maintenance; on the other hand, it can prevent the damage to the photosensitive elements caused by the strong light generated by the arcing caused by the opening and closing of switches during the normal operation of GIS equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a UHF and optical integrated sensing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic top view of the structure of a UHF and optical integrated sensing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the location of the optical sensing unit;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after the photosensitive element is disassembled;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a UHF and optical integrated sensing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Icons: 100-UHF and optical integrated sensing device; 200-UHF and optical integrated sensing system; 1-housing; 2-hand hole; 3-center conductor; 4-UHF coupler; 5-first sealing ring; 6-insulating pad; 7-second sealing ring; 8-hand hole cover; 9-feeding rod; 10-cable head; 11-focusing lens; 12-hemispherical part; 13-table-shaped transition section; 14-cylindrical section; 15-sealed light shielding block; 16-photosensitive element; 17-end cover; 18-reserved hole; 19-third sealing ring; 20-protective cover; 21-signal acquisition unit; 22-switch; 23-intelligent analysis and diagnosis unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish and describe, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1The GIS device includes a shell 1 and a center conductor 3. The center conductor 3 is installed in the shell 1, and a hand hole 2 is opened on the shell 1.

[0036] This embodiment provides a UHF and optical integrated sensing device 100 (hereinafter referred to as the device), which is used to be installed in the handhole 2 of the GIS equipment. The device includes a UHF sensing unit and an optical sensing unit.

[0037] The UHF sensing unit includes a UHF coupler 4, an insulating pad 6, a handhole cover 8, a feed rod 9, a cable head 10, a first sealing ring 5 and a second sealing ring 7. The insulating pad 6 is formed by casting epoxy resin.

[0038] Specifically, the UHF coupler 4, insulating pad 6, and handhole cover 8 are stacked in sequence. The insulating pad 6 provides electrical insulation between the UHF coupler 4 and the handhole cover 8. Each of these components is disc-shaped, with grooves defined on both sides of the insulating pad 6. A first sealing ring 5 is sandwiched between the UHF coupler 4 and the insulating pad 6 and located within the grooves. A second sealing ring 7 is sandwiched between the insulating pad 6 and the handhole cover 8 and located within the grooves. These first and second sealing rings prevent leakage of high-pressure gas from the GIS equipment.

[0039] The handhole cover plate 8 is used to cover the handhole 2 and place the UHF coupler 4 in the handhole 2. The cable head 10 is installed on the side of the handhole cover plate 8 away from the UHF coupler 4. The feed rod 9 passes through the insulating cushion layer 6 and the handhole cover plate 8. The aperture of the through hole in the insulating cushion layer 6 for installing the feed rod 9 is slightly larger than the diameter of the feed rod 9. The feed rod 9 is a metal conductor. One end of the feed rod 9 is connected to the UHF coupler 4, and the other end of the feed rod 9 is connected to the cable head 10. The cable head 10 constitutes the output port of the UHF sensing unit. The UHF coupler 4, the insulating cushion layer 6, the handhole cover plate 8, the feed rod 9 and the cable head 10 are all coaxially arranged.

[0040] The UHF coupler 4 is used to sense electromagnetic signals generated by partial discharge of defects in the GIS equipment and generate UHF signals to be output by the cable head 10 .

[0041] The optical sensing unit includes a focusing lens 11, a sealed light shielding block 15, an end cover 17, and a photosensitive element 16. The photosensitive element 16 can be a photomultiplier tube or an infrared signal monitoring device.

[0042] Specifically, mounting through holes are provided on the UHF coupler 4 , the insulating pad 6 and the handhole cover 8 , and the focusing lens 11 is installed in the mounting through holes.

[0043] The end cover 17 is connected to the side of the handhole cover 8 away from the UHF coupler 4. The photosensitive element 16 is detachably connected to the end of the condensing lens 11 and extends from the reserved hole 18 of the end cover 17. The sealed light-shielding block 15 is installed in the end cover 17 and covers the connection between the condensing lens 11 and the photosensitive element 16. The condensing lens 11 is used to converge the light generated by defects in the GIS equipment, and the photosensitive element 16 converts it into an electrical signal, so that the light path formed by the condensing lens 11 passes through the inside of the GIS equipment to the outside of the GIS equipment.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2 The condenser lens 11 is located inside the first sealing ring 5 and the second sealing ring 7. Since the condenser lens 11 is smaller than the UHF coupler 4, a local opening in the UHF coupler 4 does not significantly change the UHF sensing characteristics, and the UHF sensing unit still has a good UHF signal detection effect.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 The focusing lens 11 is made of a high-quality light-guiding material (such as high-purity quartz glass or plastic) and has excellent light-guiding properties. It comprises a hemispherical portion 12, a mesa-shaped transition section 13, and a cylindrical section 14, all connected in sequence. The hemispherical portion 12 has an arcuate surface, allowing light generated by defects within the GIS device to enter the focusing lens 11 from various angles. The light is then collected within the lens and conducted outside the GIS device along the cylindrical section 14 at the rear end of the lens 11, where it is received by the photosensitive element 16 and converted into an electrical signal.

[0046] The mounting through holes include a first through hole opened on the UHF coupler 4, a second through hole opened on the insulating pad 6, and a third through hole opened on the handhole cover 8. The hemispherical portion 12 is fitted in the first through hole, the terraced transition section 13 is fitted in the second through hole, and the cylindrical section 14 is fitted in the third through hole.

[0047] A third sealing ring 19 is located between the mesa-shaped transition section 13 and the insulating cushion layer 6. The sealed light shielding block 15 is cylindrical and has a fourth through-hole. This through-hole forms an interference fit with the photosensitive element 16, ensuring that the sealed light shielding block 15 effectively blocks external light, preventing external light from affecting the GIS equipment's measurements. The sealed light shielding block 15 can be made of a black foam material, which has excellent light-shielding properties and a certain degree of elasticity.

[0048] The opening of the first through-hole at the end away from the insulating gasket 6 has a smaller diameter than the opening at the end closer to the insulating gasket 6. The diameter of the second through-hole gradually decreases from the end closer to the UHF coupler 4 to the other end. The connecting line between the hemispherical portion 12 and the mesa-shaped transition section 13 is located between the UHF coupler 4 and the insulating gasket 6.

[0049] In this way, during the assembly process, the handhole cover 8 and the insulating pad 6 are stacked first, then the focusing lens 11 is placed, and then the UHF coupler 4 is placed, the bolts on the UHF coupler 4 are tightened, and the focusing lens 11 is pressed, so that the focusing lens 11 is installed firmly.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 4 The optical sensing unit also includes a protective cover 20. After the photosensitive element 16 is removed from the end of the focusing lens 11, the protective cover 20 is detachably mounted on the end cover 17 to close the reserved hole 18 on the end cover 17, thereby forming a sealed and waterproof protective structure to prevent the internal sealed light shielding block 15 and the focusing lens 11 from being corroded by the external environment.

[0051] Since the photosensitive element 16 such as the photomultiplier tube is expensive, easily damaged, and not conducive to maintenance; and the opening and closing arcs of the switch gas chambers such as the isolating switch and the circuit breaker in the GIS equipment will generate strong light, and the strong arc light will damage the photosensitive element 16. Therefore, based on cost and later maintenance considerations, the photosensitive element 16 is designed to be detachable. The device is installed on the GIS equipment, usually only the UHF signal is led out and connected to the monitoring background, and the photosensitive element 16 of the optical sensor unit is not connected, and the protective cover 20 is installed (please refer to Figure 4 ).

[0052] When the UHF sensing unit detects an abnormal signal or performs a routine live detection, the protective cover 20 is removed and the photosensitive element 16 is extended from the reserved hole 18 into the fourth through hole on the sealed light shielding block 15. The front end photosensitive part of the photosensitive element 16 contacts the end light guiding part of the focusing lens 11, and the output end of the photosensitive element 16 is connected to the monitoring background.

[0053] The photosensitive element 16 is removable and can accommodate not only a photomultiplier tube for detecting partial discharge optical signals but also a photosensitive device for monitoring infrared signals. Certain mechanical defects within the GIS (such as poor conductor contact) may not manifest as partial discharges, but they can cause severe heating of the conductors, radiating infrared radiation. This optical sensing structure can also effectively detect these mechanical defects.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 5 This embodiment further provides a UHF and optical integrated sensing system 200 (hereinafter referred to as the system), which includes a signal acquisition unit 21, a switch 22, an intelligent analysis and diagnosis unit 23, and at least one UHF and optical integrated sensing device 100 of the aforementioned embodiment. Figure 5 Two ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing devices 100 are shown in the figure, the cable head 10 and the photosensitive element 16 are connected to the signal acquisition unit 21, and the signal acquisition unit 21, the switch 22 and the intelligent analysis and diagnosis unit 23 are connected in sequence.

[0055] Specifically, the UHF and optically integrated sensor device 100 is connected via a coaxial cable to the input port of a signal acquisition unit 21. The signal acquisition unit 21 has at least two input channels and a sampling bandwidth greater than 500 MHz. The signal acquisition unit 21 is connected via an optical fiber to a switch 22, which is connected via a network cable to an intelligent analysis and diagnosis unit 23. The intelligent analysis and diagnosis unit 23 analyzes, diagnoses, and displays the monitoring signals.

[0056] The advantageous effects of the ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing device 100 and system provided in this embodiment include:

[0057] 1. The ultra-high frequency sensor and optical sensor are integrated into a compact structure. The ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensor device 100 is installed in the existing hand hole 2 of the GIS equipment, eliminating the need to create new sensor installation points on the GIS equipment and causing no additional structural changes to the GIS equipment itself. Whether it is for the renovation of existing GIS equipment or the addition of new GIS equipment, the device is easy to install and use, without affecting the overall reliability of the GIS equipment.

[0058] 2. It can achieve more comprehensive perception and detection of defects in GIS equipment. Different sensor signals can verify each other, effectively avoiding misjudgment of detection signals due to external interference;

[0059] 3. The use of a detachable and flexibly arranged photosensitive element 16 can save costs and reduce equipment operation and maintenance on the one hand, and on the other hand prevent the photosensitive element 16 from being damaged by the strong light generated by the arcing of the switch during normal operation of the GIS equipment.

[0060] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A UHF and optical integrated sensing device, characterized in that: The device is used to be installed in a hand hole (2) of a GIS device, and the device comprises a UHF sensing unit and an optical sensing unit; The UHF sensing unit comprises an UHF coupler (4), an insulating pad (6), a handhole cover (8), a feeding rod (9) and a cable head (10), wherein the UHF coupler (4), the insulating pad (6) and the handhole cover (8) are stacked in sequence, the handhole cover (8) is used to cover the handhole (2) and place the UHF coupler (4) in the handhole (2), the cable head (10) is installed on a side of the handhole cover (8) away from the UHF coupler (4), the feeding rod (9) passes through the insulating pad (6) and the handhole cover (8), one end of the feeding rod (9) is connected to the UHF coupler (4), and the other end of the feeding rod (9) is connected to the cable head (10), the UHF coupler (4) is used to sense the electromagnetic signal generated by the partial discharge of the defect in the GIS equipment, and generate an UHF signal output by the cable head (10); The optical sensing unit includes a focusing lens (11), a sealed light shielding block (15), an end cover (17) and a photosensitive element (16); the ultra-high frequency coupler (4), the insulating pad (6) and the hand hole cover (8) are provided with mounting through holes; the focusing lens (11) is mounted in the mounting through holes; the end cover (17) is connected to a side of the hand hole cover (8) away from the ultra-high frequency coupler (4); the photosensitive element (16) is detachably connected to the end of the focusing lens (11) and extends from the end cover (17); the sealed light shielding block (15) is mounted in the end cover (17) and covers the connection between the focusing lens (11) and the photosensitive element (16); the focusing lens (11) is used to focus light generated by defects in the GIS equipment, and the light is converted into an electrical signal by the photosensitive element (16); The focusing lens (11) comprises a hemispherical portion (12), a mesa-shaped transition section (13) and a cylindrical section (14) connected in sequence, the mounting through hole comprises a first through hole provided on the ultra-high frequency coupler (4), a second through hole provided on the insulating pad (6) and a third through hole provided on the handhole cover (8), the hemispherical portion (12) is fitted in the first through hole, the mesa-shaped transition section (13) is fitted in the second through hole, and the cylindrical section (14) is fitted in the third through hole.

2. The ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The UHF sensing unit further comprises a first sealing ring (5) and a second sealing ring (7), wherein the first sealing ring (5) is clamped between the UHF coupler (4) and the insulating pad layer (6), and the second sealing ring (7) is clamped between the insulating pad layer (6) and the handhole cover plate (8).

3. The ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The condenser lens (11) is located inside the first sealing ring (5) and the second sealing ring (7).

4. The ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-high frequency coupler (4), the insulating pad layer (6) and the hand hole cover plate (8) are all in the shape of a disc, and the ultra-high frequency coupler (4), the insulating pad layer (6), the hand hole cover plate (8), the feeding rod (9) and the cable head (10) are all coaxially arranged.

5. The UHF and optical integrated sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the opening of the first through hole away from one end of the insulating pad layer (6) is smaller than the diameter of the opening close to one end of the insulating pad layer (6).

6. The ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the second through hole gradually decreases from one end close to the ultra-high frequency coupler (4) to the other end.

7. The ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting line between the hemispherical portion (12) and the mesa-shaped transition section (13) is located between the ultra-high frequency coupler (4) and the insulating pad layer (6).

8. The ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical sensing unit further comprises a protective cover (20), which is detachably mounted on the end cover (17) to seal the end cover (17) after the photosensitive element (16) is removed from the end of the condenser lens (11).

9. A UHF and optical integrated sensing system, characterized in that: The system comprises a signal acquisition unit (21), a switch (22), an intelligent analysis and diagnosis unit (23) and at least one ultra-high frequency and optical integrated sensing device according to claim 1, wherein the cable head (10) and the photosensitive element (16) are both connected to the signal acquisition unit (21), and the signal acquisition unit (21), the switch (22) and the intelligent analysis and diagnosis unit (23) are connected in sequence.

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