Electronic vibration measurement system

Abstract

The measurement system includes a vibration transducer (10) and measurement system electronics (20), which are electrically coupled to the transducer (10) for controlling the transducer and for evaluating the vibration measurement signals (s1, s2) provided by the transducer. The exciter assembly includes a vibration exciter (31) designed to convert electrical power having a time-varying current into mechanical power such that a time-varying driving force acts on the tube at a drive point formed by the vibration exciter on the tube mechanically connected to the vibration exciter, wherein the vibration exciter (31) is positioned and designed such that the drive offset (ΔE) between the drive cross-sectional area of ​​the tube surrounded by an imaginary circumference of the tube intersecting the drive point and a predefined reference cross-sectional area of ​​the tube, i.e., a minimum distance not greater than 3° mm of the tube length and / or less than 0.5% of the tube length, and wherein the vibration node of the vibration motion formed between two antinodes of the vibration motion of at least one of the second-order or higher-order vibration modes (deviating from the first-order vibration mode) of the tube is located within the reference cross-sectional area. The measurement system electronics (20) are designed to feed electrical power to the vibration exciter (31) via an electrical drive signal (e1) having a time-varying current, causing the tube to perform forced mechanical vibration with one or more vibration frequencies specified by the drive signal (e1), wherein the measurement system electronics provide the drive signal (e1) with a (AC) frequency (f eN1 ) or (AC) frequency (f eN2 The sinusoidal (useful) current components (eN1, eN2) make the (AC) frequency (f) eN1 The resonant frequency (f) of the pipe's naturally inherent odd-order vibration modes. 2n+1 Deviation and (AC) frequency (f) eN2 The resonant frequency (f) of the even-order vibration mode inherent in the tube. 2n+2 The deviation is less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, and the measured value of at least one flow parameter of the measurement material guided in the transducer is determined based on the corresponding useful signal component (s1N1; s2N1; s1N2; s2N2) of at least one of the vibration measurement signals (s1, s2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an electronic vibration measurement system comprising a vibrating transducer and an electronic measurement system unit electrically connected thereto, particularly a Coriolis mass flow rate measurement device or a Coriolis mass flow rate / density measurement device, for measuring and / or monitoring at least one quantifiable variable of a flowing analyte (particularly a gas, liquid, or dispersion). The quantifiable variable can be a time-varying flow parameter of the corresponding analyte, such as mass flow rate, volumetric flow rate, or flow rate, and / or a time-varying material parameter, such as density and / or viscosity. Such measurement systems, typically designed as compact, in-line measurement devices, have long been known and have proven themselves in industrial applications, particularly in the control and monitoring of automated production—engineered production or process systems—or in the field of transshipment stations for cargo transportation, where they may also undergo calibration. Examples of electronic vibration measurement systems of the type discussed are described, for example, in EP-A 317 340, EP-A 816 807, JP-A 8-136311, JP-A 9-015015, DE-A 10 2019 124709, US-A 2005 / 0125167, US-A 2006 / 0000293, US-A2006 / 0112774, US-A2006 / 0266129, US A 2007 / 0062308, US-A 2007 / 0113678, US-A2007 / 0119264, US-A 2007 / 0119265, and US A 2007 / 0151370, US-A2007 / 0151371, US-A 2007 / 0186685, US-A 2008 / 0034893, US-A2008 / 0041168, US-A 2008 / 0141789, US-A 2010 / 0011882, US-A2010 / 0050783, US A 2010 / 0101333, US-A 2010 / 0139417, US-A2010 / 0236338, US-A 2010 / 0242623, US A 2010 / 0242624、US-A2010 / 0251830、US-A 2011 / 0167907, US-A 2012 / 0123705, US-A2014 / 0352454, US-A 2016 / 0033314, US-A 2016 / 0349091, US-A2016 / 0123836, US-A 2016 / 0138997, US-A 2017 / 0030870, US-A2017 / 0356777, US-A 2019 / 0003875, US-A 2020 / 0132529, US-A 2020 / 0393278, US-A 46 80 974, US-A 47 38144、US-A 47 68 384、US-A 47 77 833、US-A 47 93 191、US A 48 01 897、US-A 48 23 614、US-A 48 31 885、US-A 48 79 911、US-A 50 09 109、US A 50 24 104、US-A 50 27 662、US-A 50 50 439、US-A 52 91 792、US-A 53 59 881、US-A 53 98 554、USA 54 76 013、US-A 55 31 126、US-A 56 02 345、US-A 56 91 485、US-A 57 28 952、US A57 34 112、US-A 57 96 010、US-A 57 96 011、US-A 57 96 012、US-A 58 04 741、US A 5831 178、US-A 58 61 561、US-A 58 69 770、US-A 59 26 096、US-A 59 45 609、US A 59 79246、US-A 60 47 457、US-A 60 73 495、US-A 60 92 429、US-A 63 11 136、US A 2010 / 0011882、US-A 2010 / 0139416、US-B 62 23605、US-B 63 11 136、US B 63 30 832,US-B 6397 685、US-B 65 13 393、US-B 65 57 422、US-B 66 51 513、US B 66 66 098、US-B 66 91583、US-B 68 40 109、US-B 68 68 740、US-B 68 83 387、US B 70 17 424、US-B 70 40179、US-B 70 73 396、US-B 70 77 014、US-B 70 80 564、US B 71 34 348、US-B 72 99699、US-B 73 05 892、US-B 73 60 451、US-B 73 92 709、US B 74 06 878、US-B 75 62586、WO-A 00 / 14485、WO-A 01 / 02816、WO-A 03 / 021205、WO A 2004 / 072588、WO-A2005 / 040734、WO-A 2005 / 050145、WO-A2006 / 036139、WO A2007 / 097760、WO-A 2008 / 013545、WO-A 2008 / 077574、WO-A2009 / 136943、WO A 2011 / 019345、WO-A 2013 / 002759、WO-A2013 / 009307、WO-A 2017 / 019016、WO-A 2017 / 069749、WO-A2019 / 017891、WO-A 2019 / 081169、WO-A 2019 / 081170、WO-A 2020 / 259762、WO-A 2020 / 126285、WO A The applicant has been manufacturing and using Coriolis mass flow measurement devices or Coriolis mass flow / density measurement devices for a long time, as listed in 87 / 06691, WO-A93 / 01472, WO-A95 / 16897, WO-A95 / 29386, WO-A96 / 05484, WO-A96 / 08697, WO-A97 / 26508, WO-A99 / 39164, WO-A99 / 40394 or WO-A99 / 440184, for example, under the trade names "PROMASS G100", "PROMASS O 100", "PROMASS E 200", "PROMASS F 300", "PROMASS X 500", "CNGmass", "LPGmass" or "Dosimass" (https: / / www.endress.com / de / search?filter.text=promass). Background Technology

[0002] Each transducer in the illustrated measurement system includes: at least one tube assembly; an actuator assembly; and a sensor assembly, wherein the at least one tube assembly is used to conduct the flowing analyte, the actuator assembly is used to convert electrical power into mechanical power for exciting and maintaining forced mechanical vibration of the tube assembly, and the sensor assembly is used to detect the mechanical vibration of the tube assembly and to provide vibration signals representing the vibrational motion of the tube assembly. The actuator assembly and the sensor assembly are electrically coupled to a measurement system electronics unit, which in turn controls the transducers, particularly its actuator assembly, and receives and evaluates the measurement signals provided therefrom, particularly the vibration signals provided by its sensor assembly, specifically for determining measured values ​​representing at least one analyte variable. To prevent external influences, the tube assembly, actuator assembly, and sensor assembly are housed together within a transducer protective housing, typically made of metal, and the measurement system electronics unit is housed, for example, within an electronics protective housing, also made of metal; the latter may also be directly mounted on the aforementioned transducer protective housing, forming, for example, a compactly designed Coriolis mass flow rate measurement device or a Coriolis mass flow rate / density measurement device. In the case of the measurement system shown in WO-A 96 / 08697 or WO-A 2019 / 017891, the transducer protective housing and the tube assembly are again detachably connected to each other, for example, so as to enable the subsequent insertion of the tube assembly or the replacement of the defective or worn tube assembly with a good tube assembly in the field.

[0003] The aforementioned tube assemblies are each configured for integration into the production line process and each has at least one tube, for example, exactly one tube, exactly two tubes, or exactly four tubes. In each case, these tube assemblies extend a certain length from a corresponding first tube end to a corresponding second tube end and have a cavity surrounded by a tube wall, typically metallic, extending from the first tube end to the second tube end. Due to the measurement principle, tubes with at least a curved cross-section and / or at least a straight cross-section are configured to allow the material to be measured to flow through, at least in the flow direction from the first tube end to the second tube end, via a connected production line, and are simultaneously permitted to vibrate, for example, to generate mass flow rate-related Coriolis forces, inertial forces depending on the density of the measured substance, and / or frictional forces depending on the viscosity of the measured substance, for example, to perform bending vibrations around a static resting position. The tubes in commercially available (standard) measurement systems typically have at least two symmetrical planes orthogonal to each other and may have, for example, U-shaped, V-shaped, rectangular, or triangular shapes, and even more rarely, Ω-shaped or helical shapes. Furthermore, the corresponding pipe walls are typically made of steel (e.g., stainless steel, duplex steel, or super duplex steel), titanium alloys, zirconium alloys (e.g., zirconium alloys), and / or tantalum alloys. The pipe length can range from approximately 100 mm to 2,000 mm, and the pipe diameter (inner diameter) can range from approximately 0.1 mm to approximately 100 mm, typically resulting in a diameter-to-length ratio in the range of approximately 0.08 to 0.25.

[0004] In the case of a transducer with a single tube, the single tube is typically connected to the production line via a substantially straight connecting pipe leading to the inlet side and another substantially straight connecting pipe leading to the outlet side. Furthermore, the tube assembly of such a transducer with a single tube includes at least one single or multiple components (e.g., tubular, box-shaped, or plate-shaped) of a reverse oscillator, coupled to the tube on the inlet side to form a first coupling region and coupled to the tube on the outlet side to form a second coupling region, and is substantially stationary in operation or oscillates in the opposite direction to the tube, i.e., at the same frequency and opposite phase. The tube assembly of such a transducer, formed by the tube and the reverse oscillator, is typically vibratoryly held within the transducer protective housing via the two connecting pipes, through which the tube is connected to the production line during operation. In the cases of (standard) transducers with a single, substantially straight tube, as shown in, for example, US-A 52 91 792, US-A 57 96 010, US-A 59 45 609, US-B 70 77014, US-A 2007 / 0119264, WO-A 01 / 02816, or even WO-A 99 / 40394, the latter and the reverse oscillator are aligned substantially coaxially with each other, which is very common in conventional transducers. Relatively cost-effective steel grades, such as construction steel or machined steel, are often used as materials for the reverse oscillator, especially when titanium, tantalum, or zirconium are used for the tube. In the case of a transducer with two or more tubes, the corresponding tube assembly typically has an inlet-side splitter and an outlet-side splitter, wherein the inlet-side splitter extends between the tube and the inlet-side connecting flange, the outlet-side splitter extends between the tube and the outlet-side connecting flange, and the tube assembly can be integrated into the production line via the outlet-side splitter.The pipe assemblies shown in US-A 2012 / 0123705, US-A 56 02345, US-A 59 26 096, WO-A2009 / 136943, WO-A 87 / 06691, WO-A96 / 05484, WO-A 96 / 08697, WO-A 97 / 26508, WO-A 99 / 39164, or WO-A2019 / 017891 each have two pipes, namely a first pipe and a second pipe that are structurally identical and parallel to each other, and a first or inlet-side splitter, which serves as a line branching unit here, having exactly two flow openings, and a second or outlet-side splitter, which is structurally identical to the first splitter and serves as a line merging unit here, having exactly two flow openings. In US-A 56 02 345, WO-A 96 / 08697, or US-A The pipe assemblies shown in 2017 / 0356777 or WO-A2019 / 081169 or WO-A2019 / 081170 or the mentioned patent application PCT / EP2019 / 082044 each have a first or inlet-side splitter, which serves as a pipeline branching unit here, having exactly two flow openings, a second or outlet-side splitter, which is structurally identical to the first splitter, serving as a pipeline merging unit here, having exactly two flow openings, and two pipes, namely the first pipe and the second pipe. Furthermore, each of the aforementioned two or four tubes is respectively connected to each of the first and second splitters, such that the first tube has its first end connected to the first flow opening of the first splitter and its second end connected to the first flow opening of the second splitter; the second tube has its first end connected to the second flow opening of the first splitter and its second end connected to the second flow opening of the second splitter; or the first tube has its first end connected to the first flow opening of the first splitter and its second end connected to the first flow opening of the second splitter; the second tube has its first end connected to the second flow opening of the first splitter and its second end connected to the second flow opening of the second splitter; the third tube has its first end connected to the third flow opening of the first splitter and its second end connected to the third flow opening of the second splitter; and the fourth tube has its first end connected to the fourth flow opening of the first splitter and its second end connected to the fourth flow opening of the second splitter. Furthermore, the splitters of commercially available transducers are typically designed as integral components of the aforementioned transducer protective housing.

[0005] In order to generate a vibration signal that is affected by or corresponds to the measured variable, at least one tube of the transducer is actively excited by the exciter assembly during the operation of the measurement system so as to vibrate in a vibration mode (sometimes referred to as the drive mode or useful mode) suitable for measuring the corresponding measured variable or suitable for generating the Coriolis force, inertial force or friction force mentioned above, and simultaneously detect the corresponding vibration response (i.e., the resulting vibration motion of at least one tube) by the sensor assembly.

[0006] To excite the mechanical vibration of at least one tube, the actuator assembly has at least one electromechanical vibration actuator, typically an electrodynamic vibration actuator, which is partially mechanically connected to the tube and configured to provide electrical power with a time-varying current as mechanical power, such that a time-varying driving force acts on the tube at a drive point formed by the vibration actuator mechanically connected thereto. In the above case, the tube assembly has at least one additional (second) tube to which the at least one vibration actuator can also be partially fixed, such that the vibration actuator acts differentially on both tubes. In another case, the tube assembly has a reverse oscillator to which the vibration actuator can be partially fixed, such that the vibration actuator acts differentially on the tube and the reverse oscillator. However, the vibration actuator can also be, for example, partially attached to the transducer protective housing described above. In the case of transducers in conventional (standard) measurement systems, the at least one vibration exciter is typically designed and arranged such that the resulting driving force acts virtually only at a point on the corresponding tube, or the line of action of the resulting driving force is substantially perpendicular to the normal of the driving cross-sectional area (i.e., the cross-sectional area of ​​the tube) which is surrounded by an imaginary circumference passing through the aforementioned driving point. In the case of (standard) transducers in commercially available (standard) measurement systems, exciter assemblies, such as those shown in particular in US-A 56 02 345, US-A 57 96010, US-B 68 40 109, US-B 70 77 014 or US-B 70 17 424, US-A 2014 / 0352454, WO-A93 / 01472, WO-A 2005 / 050145, WO-A 2013 / 002759, WO-A 2011 / 019345, are typically also designed such that each tube is (partially) connected to exactly one vibration exciter, such that the exciter assembly has no other vibration exciters connected to the respective tubes besides (one) vibration exciter. In particular, for this (standard) case, the vibration exciter is usually of the electrodynamic type, i.e., formed by a vibration coil, for example, such that: its magnetoarmature is mechanically connected to at least one tube to form a drive point, and its air coil, which is submerged in the magnetic field of the armature, is electrically connected to the measurement system electronics unit, and is mechanically connected to another tube of the tube assembly or a reverse oscillator or mechanically connected to the transducer protective housing.However, electronic vibration measurement systems are also known, for example, from WO-A 2017 / 069749, WO-A2017 / 019016, WO-A 2006 / 036139, US-A 59 26 096, WO-A 99 / 28708, WO-A 99 / 44018, WO-A 99 / 02945, US-A 2020 / 0132529, US-A 48 31 885, US-B 65 57 422, US-A 60 92 429 or US-A 48 23 614, in which the exciter assembly has two or more vibration exciters, which are respectively connected to the same tube in the tube of the respective tube assembly and / or formed by one or more piezoelectric elements.

[0007] To detect vibration of at least one tube, the sensor assembly has at least two (e.g., electrodynamic or optical) vibration sensors. A first vibration sensor is positioned on the inlet side of the tube at a distance from the vibration exciter in the flow direction, and a second vibration sensor, typically structurally identical to the first, is positioned on the outlet side of the tube at a distance from the vibration exciter in the flow direction. Furthermore, each of the at least two vibration sensors is configured to detect the vibrational motion of the tube and convert it into a first or second vibration signal, which is electrical or optical and represents the vibrational motion—the vibration signal having, for example, a voltage dependent on the vibration of the tube. In the case of electrodynamic vibration sensors, they can be formed, for example, by plunger coils electrically connected to the measurement system electronics unit, such that: their magnetoarmature is mechanically connected to at least one tube, and their air coil, submerged in the magnetic field of the armature, is electrically connected to the measurement system electronics unit and mechanically connected to the reverse oscillator or sensor protective housing of another tube or tube assembly.

[0008] Each of the measurement system electronics units in the aforementioned measurement systems is further configured to excite at least one vibration exciter during operation according to a useful mode to be excited, i.e., to feed electrical power to the at least one vibration exciter via at least one electrical drive signal having a time-varying current controlled, for example, with respect to (AC) frequency, phase angle, and amplitude, such that the tube performs forced mechanical vibration, i.e., bending vibration, using one or more vibration frequencies specified by the drive signal, and typically corresponding to one or more resonant frequencies of at least one tube; for example, this also has a constant controlled vibration amplitude. In particular, the measurement system electronics unit is configured to at least intermittently provide the aforementioned drive signal with a sinusoidal (useful) current having an (AC) frequency to the vibration exciter, such that at least one tube performs useful vibration at least partially or primarily at the useful frequency (i.e., the (vibration) frequency corresponding to the aforementioned (AC) frequency), i.e., mechanical vibration forced by the (excited) vibration exciter. For this purpose, the driving signal can be formed as a harmonic sinusoidal signal, i.e., a sinusoidal signal that exactly has the one (AC) frequency and therefore does not contain any spectral current component other than the (useful) current, or, for example, also formed as a multi-frequency signal, i.e., a signal containing several signal components with different (AC) frequencies. As a result of the above-described excitation of the useful vibration of at least one tube, each of the first and second vibration signals provided by the sensor assembly further includes one or more sinusoidal signal components, each having a frequency corresponding to the vibration frequency of the tube's vibrational motion, specifically such that each of the first and second vibration signals has at least one useful signal component, i.e., a sinusoidal signal component with a (signal) frequency corresponding to the useful frequency.

[0009] In the case of the type of measurement system discussed, one or more of a plurality of natural vibration modes inherent in the tube and each having an associated resonant frequency are typically used as useful modes. In particular, one or more of these natural vibration modes are one or more symmetrical vibration modes in which the tube is capable of performing vibrational motions with an odd number of antinodes and a corresponding even number of nodes. Especially since they are particularly suitable for measuring the mass flow rate, density, and viscosity of flowing analytes, in such measurement systems, particularly in the case of commercially available standard measurement systems, one or more natural symmetrical bending vibration modes are preferably used as useful modes, i.e., in particular, such that the useful vibrations in the analyte having a non-zero mass flow rate flowing through at least one tube induce Coriolis forces. In the case of transducers with one or more curved tubes, this symmetrical bending vibration mode, and therefore this odd-order bending vibration mode, is usually selected as a useful mode, in which the corresponding tube oscillates about an imaginary first vibration axis, which is imaginarily connected to the first and second tube ends in a cantilever manner, the cantilever being clamped at only one end around a static rest position (out-of-plane mode). In the case of transducers with one or more straight tubes, such a symmetrical bending vibration mode is usually selected as a useful mode, in which the corresponding tube oscillates about an imaginary vibration axis, which coincides with one of its principal axes of inertia (longitudinal axis) and is imaginarily connected to the first and second tube ends in a clamping manner around a static rest position (in-plane mode). In commercially available measurement systems, especially those using first-order (bending) vibration modes, sometimes referred to as the fundamental vibration mode or f1 mode, the vibrational motion of the tube has exactly one antinode and two nodes, and is therefore symmetrical. More rarely, higher odd-order (bending) vibration modes are used, such as the third-order (bending) vibration mode (f3 mode), where the vibrational motion of the tube thus has exactly three antinodes and four nodes. Higher odd-order (bending) vibration modes have been established as useful modes. The (resonance) frequency distance (i.e., the difference between the resonant frequency of the f1 mode and the resonant frequency of the adjacent second-order (bending) vibration mode (f2 mode), or between the resonant frequency of the f2 mode and the resonant frequency of the f3 mode) is typically on the order of several 100 Hz to several 1000 Hz in each case in commercially available measurement systems.

[0010] In particular, for the purpose of effectively stimulating useful modes, the measurement system electronics are also specifically configured to adjust the (AC) frequency that determines the useful frequency so that the useful frequency ultimately corresponds as precisely as possible to the resonant frequency of one of the (symmetric) odd-order vibration modes, i.e., in particular the resonant frequency (f1) of the first-order vibration mode (f1 mode) or the resonant frequency (f3) of the third-order vibration mode (f3 mode), or deviates from the corresponding resonant frequency to be adjusted by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, and thus deviates from the resonant frequency of any other natural vibration mode of the tube by more than 5% and / or more than 10 Hz. Alternatively, the measurement system electronics are also configured to follow changes in the resonant frequency, for example, due to changes in the density of the analyte conducted in the tube and changes in the (AC) frequency of the drive signal, such that the excited useful vibration is primarily the resonant vibration of at least one tube. In order to adjust the (AC) frequency, the measurement system electronics unit of the corresponding measurement system (e.g., as shown in US-A2016 / 0349091, US-A 2017 / 0030870, US-A 58 31 178 and US-A 48 01 897 respectively) may, for example, have a phase-locked loop (PLL), and optionally also have a digital phase-locked loop.

[0011] As a result of the useful vibration of at least one tube excited in the manner described above, a Coriolis force (which also depends in particular on the mass flow rate) is induced in the analyte flowing through it, such that the useful vibration is superimposed on the Coriolis vibration, i.e., an additional forced vibration with a useful frequency, corresponding to the natural vibration mode, sometimes also called the Coriolis mode, whose order is increased by 1 compared to the order of the useful mode; this in particular causes the useful signal component of the vibration signal to also depend on the mass flow rate of the analyte, i.e., to have a (measured) phase angle depending on the mass flow rate of the analyte conducted in at least one tube, or to vary with the (measured) phase difference of the mass flow rate following the useful signal component, wherein the variation of the (measured) phase difference of the useful signal component is the difference (normalized to the useful frequency) between the (measured) phase angle of the useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the (measured) phase angle of the useful signal component of the second vibration signal. In the case of commercially available (standard) measurement systems, the second-order antisymmetric vibration mode is usually used as the Coriolis mode when the basic vibration mode is used as the useful mode, or the fourth-order antisymmetric vibration mode is usually used as the Coriolis mode when the third-order vibration mode is used as the useful node.

[0012] Each of the aforementioned measurement systems has its own measurement system electronics unit configured to determine one or more measured values ​​representing the corresponding flow parameters of the analyte based on one or more of the aforementioned vibration signals. Specifically, when the measurement system is designed as a Coriolis mass flow rate measurement device or a Coriolis mass flow rate / density measurement device, for example, a mass flow rate measurement value is generated based on the aforementioned (measured) phase difference of the useful signal component caused by pipe vibration in Coriolis mode, and based on the phase difference versus measured value characteristic function configured in the measurement system electronics unit. The phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function can be, for example, a (linear) parametric function with a (scale) zero and a slope, where the (scale) zero corresponds to the (measured) phase difference of the useful signal component that can be measured when the analyte is stationary or the mass flow rate is zero, and the slope corresponds to the change in the (measured) phase difference of the useful signal component related to the (measured) sensitivity or the change in the (measured) phase difference of the useful signal component with respect to changes in mass flow rate. As already mentioned, since the resonant frequency of the vibration mode used as the useful mode is particularly dependent on the instantaneous density of the analyte, in addition to the mass flow rate, the density of the analyte flowing through is also directly measured by such a measurement system based on the (AC) frequency of the driving signal and / or the (signal) frequency based on the useful signal component of the vibration signal. Therefore, the measurement system electronics of the type of measurement system discussed are typically also configured to generate a (density) measurement value representing the density based on the aforementioned (AC) frequency of the driving signal and / or the signal frequency based on the aforementioned useful signal component of at least one vibration signal, for example, by using a characteristic curve function of useful frequency versus measured value correspondingly configured in the measurement system electronics. Furthermore, the viscosity of the analyte flowing through can also be directly measured by an electronic vibration measurement system of the type discussed, for example, based on the excitation energy or excitation power required to maintain the useful vibration and / or based on the damping generated by the loss of vibrational energy during the useful vibration, or by using a characteristic curve function of damping versus measured value correspondingly configured in the measurement system electronics. Furthermore, this electronic vibration measurement system allows for the easy determination of other measured variables, such as the Reynolds number, derived from the aforementioned flow and / or material parameters.

[0013] In the above (standard) case, one or more naturally symmetrical (bending) vibration modes or odd-order (bending) vibration modes are used as useful modes in the corresponding measurement system, and each tube (or each pair of tubes) is provided with exactly a single vibration exciter, which is typically positioned and aligned such that the aforementioned drive cross-sectional area (nominally) lies in the region at half the length of the tube, and thus at the corresponding maximum amplitude or maximum amplitude of the useful vibration in each of the aforementioned symmetrical vibration modes, but at the vibration node of the asymmetrical (even-order) (bending) vibration mode also inherent in the tube. Due to various manufacturing tolerances in transducer production, for example during the positioning of the vibration exciter and / or vibration sensor on at least one tube and / or also during the manufacturing of the at least one tube itself, it is generally assumed, however, that the transducer provided in this way has a drive offset in each case, which is measured as the minimum distance between the drive cross-sectional area of ​​the tube and the designated reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube, i.e., the reference cross-sectional area located at the maximum amplitude of the vibrational motion of the useful vibration and slightly different from zero. In the case of a perfectly symmetrical tube, the reference cross-sectional area also corresponds to the tube's plane of symmetry, or the line of intersection between the plane of symmetry of the at least one tube and another plane of symmetry orthogonal to it, or the principal axis of inertia of the at least one tube perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the tube in the useful mode lies within the aforementioned reference cross-sectional area. In the case of commercially available (standard) measuring systems, the drive offset can be absolutely up to the order of 5 mm or 0.5% of the tube length, but is typically less than 2 mm or less than 0.2% of the tube length.

[0014] In addition to the useful vibrations, the aforementioned driving offset also results in interference vibrations of equal frequencies in the pipe, corresponding to a second-order vibration mode (f2 mode) that is forced even when no fluid flows through the pipe or when the mass flow rate in the pipe is zero, and thus corresponds to the aforementioned Coriolis mode. Therefore, the useful signal components of the vibration signal can also each have an additional (interference) phase angle, such that, in addition to the corresponding (measurement) phase difference, there exists an equal-frequency (interference) phase difference between the useful signal components of the vibration signal, independent of the mass flow rate. Therefore, when the mass flow rate is zero, the vibration signal has a non-zero systematic phase error or zero-point error corresponding to the phase difference (normalized to the useful frequency) between the useful signal components of the two vibration signals; this also makes the phase error dependent on one or more material parameters of the measured substance, particularly its viscosity. Compensation for the aforementioned phase error typically occurs during the (wet) calibration of the corresponding measurement system, for example by means of one or more specified (reference) mass flow rates of one or more calibration fluids, in each case of which the mass flow rate is, for example, constant or occasionally zero, the calibration fluid being maintained as stably as possible at (reference) temperature and / or (reference) pressure, such as water or air at 20°C (room temperature) and 1 bar (atmosphere), possibly oil, and being conducted (sequentially) through transducers, while in each case at least one tube is excited to vibrate with useful vibration in the manner described above. Based on the vibration signal, it is possible to determine the corresponding reference phase difference (i.e., the difference between the (reference) phase angles of the useful signal components of each of the two vibration signals) in the corresponding (digital) reference phase difference value representing the reference mass flow rate, and by using the reference phase difference value, it is then possible, for example, to calculate a (damped) correction value correspondingly to compensate for the (interference) phase difference; for example, such that the (damped) correction value corresponds to the aforementioned (scale) zero point of the characteristic curve function of phase difference versus measured value, and / or the measurement system electronics unit ultimately determines the mass flow rate measurement value based on the corresponding reference phase difference or the corresponding reference phase difference value through the characteristic curve function of phase difference versus measured value, the mass flow rate measurement value representing the corresponding reference mass flow rate for at least one calibration fluid (e.g., water at 20°C and 1 bar) and each having a measurement deviation of less than 0.1% and / or less than 0.05 kg / h of the reference mass flow rate. Considering the dependence of the (interference) phase difference beyond this, for example, the dependence on the aforementioned material parameters (especially its viscosity) of the corresponding calibration fluid, further measurements are required under correspondingly varying reference conditions.Therefore, in measurement systems such as those shown in US-B 65 13393, US-A 2020 / 0393278, US-A 20190003875, or WO-A 2020 / 259762, the dependence of the (interference) phase difference on the viscosity of the analyte is compensated based on previously determined viscosity values. For example, a data field for (damping) correction values ​​is also used, which shows the dependence of flow parameters on viscosity and is determined by complex individual measurement and interpolation methods. Summary of the Invention

[0015] Therefore, on the one hand, there is a need to further improve the measurement accuracy of the electronic vibration measurement system of the type discussed, or to improve its robustness or stability, which allows for the determination of at least one flow parameter during the operation of such a measurement system, even in cases of the wave properties or material parameters of the corresponding measured substance (i.e., in particular its viscosity). On the other hand, it reduces the technical complexity of detecting and taking into account the further dependence of the (interference) phase difference in the determination of the measured value (especially in the determination of the (mass flow rate) measured by the aforementioned phase difference as a function of the characteristic curve of the measured value).

[0016] With this in mind, one object of the present invention is to further improve the electronic vibration measurement system of the type discussed by correspondingly taking into account the time-varying nature of the drive offset or its achievable (measurement) accuracy and robustness, using which the measured values ​​are determined during operation; this is particularly relevant in the case of the first or repeated calibration of such an electronic vibration measurement system in situ (i.e., directly in the field at the corresponding measurement point), and / or in the case of an electronic vibration measurement system with locally replaceable tube assemblies, and / or in the case of using (standard) transducers established for conventional electronic vibration measurement systems, and / or in the case of similarly extensively retaining the proven techniques and architectures for the corresponding measurement system electronics. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic vibration measurement system in which the aforementioned drive offset can be taken into account during operation or calibration, and associatedly, the corresponding cross-sensitivity of the (interference) phase angle caused by the drive offset or the measured values ​​determined by the measurement system to changes in the material parameters of the analyte is reduced.

[0017] To achieve this objective, the present invention includes an electronic vibration measurement system, such as a Coriolis mass flow rate measurement device or a Coriolis mass flow rate / density measurement device.

[0018] - For example, a measurement system designed as an online measurement device and / or a compact measurement device is configured to measure at least one flow parameter of a fluid substance, such as a gas, liquid or dispersion, flowing in a pipeline and / or hose, i.e., mass flow rate and / or volumetric flow rate and / or flow rate.

[0019] -and the measurement system includes:

[0020] --(Vibration type) transducer

[0021] ---Having a tube assembly for conducting the flow of the analyte,

[0022] ---An actuator assembly having an exciter assembly for converting electrical power into mechanical power for exciting and maintaining forced mechanical vibration of the tube assembly.

[0023] ---and includes a sensor assembly for detecting mechanical vibrations of the tube assembly and for providing vibration data representing the vibrational motion of the tube assembly.

[0024] Dynamic signals;

[0025] --and a measurement system electronic unit electrically connected to the transducer, i.e., for example, electrically connected to both its exciter assembly and its sensor assembly, and / or formed and / or arranged in an electronic protective housing via electrical connection lines, for example via at least one microprocessor, wherein the measurement system electronic unit is configured to feed an electrically driven signal to the vibration exciter at least intermittently;

[0026] - wherein the pipe assembly has at least one pipe (111), the at least one pipe (111) being, for example, at least partially bent and / or at least partially straight and / or a first pipe,

[0027] --The tube extends from a first end to a second end, wherein the tube length is, for example, greater than 100 mm, and has a lumen surrounded by a tube wall (e.g., a metal tube wall) extending from the first end to the second end.

[0028] --and the tube is configured to allow the analyte to flow through it at least in the flow direction from the first tube end to the second tube end, and is simultaneously permitted to vibrate.

[0029] --And wherein, inherent in the tube assembly are multiple vibration modes (natural vibration forms) each having associated (modal) damping and thus (co-)determined associated resonant frequencies, in which the at least one tube is capable of performing (damped) vibrational motions each having one or more antinodes and two or more nodes, such that:

[0030] --In the basic vibration mode, that is, the first-order vibration mode (f1 mode), such as the first-order bending vibration mode, the vibration motion of the tube has exactly one antinode and two nodes.

[0031] --and the tube in harmonic modes, i.e. second-order or higher-order vibration modes (f2 mode, f3 mode, ... fx mode), i.e., vibration motion in, for example, second-order or higher-order bending vibration modes, has two or more antinodes and three or more nodes.

[0032] - wherein the actuator assembly has at least one, for example, a single and / or electrodynamic vibration actuator,

[0033] --The vibration exciter is mechanically connected to the at least one tube;

[0034] --And the vibration exciter is configured to convert electrical power with time-varying current into mechanical power, such that at the drive point formed on the tube mechanically connected to the vibration exciter, a time-varying driving force acts on the tube, for example, such that the line of action of the driving force is perpendicular to the normal of the drive cross-sectional region of the tube.

[0035] --Wherein, the vibration exciter is positioned and aligned such that the drive offset between the drive cross-sectional area of ​​the tube, defined by an imaginary circumference of the tube passing through the drive point, as determined by, for example, a complete or original transducer, and a specific reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube, i.e., a minimum distance not greater than 3 mm (e.g., less than 2 mm) and / or less than 0.5% of the tube length (i.e., less than 0.2% of the tube length), wherein the vibration node of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube in a (second or higher order) vibrational mode (deviating from the first order vibrational mode) between two antinodes and, for example (nominally) located at half the length of the tube, is located within the reference cross-sectional area.

[0036] -The sensor assembly includes a first vibration sensor, such as an electrodynamic or photoelectric first vibration sensor.

[0037] --The first vibration sensor is positioned on the pipe, for example, in the flow direction, at a distance greater than 10 mm from the vibration actuator and / or greater than one-fifth of the pipe length, i.e., at least partially mechanically connected to the pipe.

[0038] --And the first vibration sensor is configured to detect the vibrational motion of the at least one tube and convert it into a first vibration signal representing the vibrational motion, such as an electrical or optical first vibration signal, for example, such that the first vibration signal includes one or more sinusoidal signal components, each of which has a frequency corresponding to the vibrational frequency of the tube's vibrational motion.

[0039] -And wherein the sensor assembly has at least one second vibration sensor, such as an electrodynamic or photoelectric second vibration sensor,

[0040] --The second vibration sensor is positioned on the pipe, for example, in the flow direction, at a distance greater than 10 mm from the vibration actuator and / or greater than one-fifth of the pipe length and / or at a distance from the first vibration sensor in the flow direction, i.e., at least partially mechanically connected to the pipe.

[0041] --and the second vibration sensor is configured to detect the vibrational motion of the at least one tube and convert it into a second vibration signal representing the vibrational motion, such as an electrical or optical second vibration signal, for example, such that the second vibration signal includes one or more sinusoidal signal components, each of which has a frequency corresponding to the vibrational frequency of the tube's vibrational motion.

[0042] -The measurement system electronic unit is configured to feed the electric drive signal to the vibration exciter;

[0043] --At least intermittently, a first useful vibration is excited by a sinusoidal first (useful) current component having a first (AC) frequency and a first (current) amplitude (e.g., specified and / or variable amplitude), i.e., mechanical vibration of the at least one tube forced by the (excited) vibration exciter and having a first useful frequency (i.e., the (vibration) frequency corresponding to the first (AC) frequency), such that:

[0044] ---The first (AC) frequency deviates from the resonant frequency of the odd-order (symmetric) vibration mode (i.e., the fundamental vibration mode (f1 mode)) by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, i.e., corresponding to the resonant frequency of the odd-order vibration mode, and / or such that the second useful vibration is adapted to induce a Coriolis force in the analyte having a non-zero mass flow rate through the at least one tube, wherein the resonant frequency corresponds to or depends on the associated first modal damping of the odd-order vibration mode.

[0045] ---and the first or second vibration signal generated by the first and second vibration sensors each has a first useful signal component, that is, a sinusoidal signal component corresponding to the first useful frequency (signal) frequency, that is, for example, also has a phase angle depending on the mass flow rate of the analyte flowing through the at least one tube in each case.

[0046] --And, for example, simultaneously with the first (useful) current component, at least intermittently, a second useful vibration is generated using a sinusoidal second (useful) current component having a second (AC) frequency and a second (current) amplitude (e.g., specified and / or variable amplitude), namely, mechanical vibration of the tube forced by the (excited) vibration exciter and having a second useful frequency (i.e., a (vibration) frequency corresponding to the second (AC) frequency), such that,

[0047] ---The second (AC) frequency deviates from the resonant frequency of the even-order (asymmetric) vibration mode (i.e., the second-order vibration mode (f2 mode)) by less than 1%, for example less than 0.1%, and / or less than 1 Hz, for example less than 0.1 Hz, i.e., corresponding to the resonant frequency of the even-order vibration mode, wherein the resonant frequency corresponds to or depends on the associated second modal damping of the even-order vibration mode.

[0048] ---and the first or second vibration signal generated by the first and second vibration sensors each has a second useful signal component, that is, a sinusoidal signal component corresponding to the second useful frequency (signal) frequency.

[0049] -In particular, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine a measured value representing at least one flow parameter of the measured substance based on the first useful signal component, for example, the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal, and based on at least one of the second useful signal component and / or the second (useful) current component, i.e., a mass flow rate measured value representing the mass flow rate of the measured substance.

[0050] According to a first embodiment of the present invention, it is further specified that the first useful frequency deviates from the resonance frequency of the fundamental vibration mode by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, that is, in particular, the resonance frequency corresponding to the first-order vibration mode.

[0051] According to a second embodiment of the invention, it is further specified that the first useful frequency deviates from the resonant frequency of the inherent third-order vibration mode (i.e., particularly the third-order bending vibration mode) in the at least one tube by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, that is, specifically corresponding to the resonant frequency, in the third-order vibration mode, the vibrational motion of the tube has exactly three antinodes and two nodes. This is such that, for example, the first node of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube in the third-order vibration mode is located in the first tube end, and the second node of the third-order vibration mode is located in the second tube end.

[0052] According to a third embodiment of the invention, the second useful frequency is further specified to deviate from the resonant frequency of the inherent second-order vibration mode (f2 mode) (i.e., in particular, the second-order bending vibration mode) in the at least one tube by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, i.e., in particular, corresponding to the resonant frequency, in the second-order vibration mode, the vibrational motion of the tube has exactly two vibration antinodes and three vibration nodes.

[0053] According to a fourth embodiment of the invention, the second useful frequency is further specified to deviate from the resonant frequency of the inherent second-order vibration mode (f2 mode) (i.e., particularly the second-order bending vibration mode) in the at least one tube by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz. That is, in particular, corresponding to the resonant frequency, in the second-order vibration mode, the vibration motion of the tube has exactly two antinodes and three nodes, and in the second-order vibration mode, the first node of the vibration motion of the at least one tube is located in the first tube end, and the second node of the vibration motion of the at least one tube in the second-order vibration mode is located in the second tube end.

[0054] According to a fifth embodiment of the invention, it is further specified that the second useful frequency deviates from the resonant frequency of the inherent second-order vibration mode (f2 mode) (i.e., particularly the second-order bending vibration mode) in the at least one tube by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz. That is, in particular, corresponding to the resonant frequency, in the second-order vibration mode, the vibrational motion of the tube has exactly two antinodes and three nodes, and the vibrational nodes formed between the two antinodes of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube in the second-order vibration mode, particularly located at half the length of the tube, are located within the reference cross-sectional area.

[0055] According to a sixth embodiment of the invention, it is further specified that the second useful frequency deviates from the resonant frequency of the inherent second-order vibration mode (f2 mode) (i.e., particularly the second-order bending vibration mode) in the at least one tube by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz. That is, in particular, corresponding to the resonant frequency, in the second-order vibration mode, the vibrational motion of the tube has exactly two antinodes and three nodes, and the principal axis of inertia of the at least one tube perpendicular to the vibrational direction of the tube in the second-order vibration mode is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube.

[0056] According to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, the driving offset is further defined as the distance between the centroid (center point) of the driving cross-sectional region of the tube and the centroid (center point) of the reference cross-sectional region of the at least one tube.

[0057] According to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, the line of action of the driving force is further defined as perpendicular to the normal of the driving cross-sectional region of the tube.

[0058] According to a ninth embodiment of the present invention, the intersection line of two mutually orthogonal symmetrical planes of the at least one tube is further specified within the reference cross-sectional area.

[0059] According to a tenth embodiment of the present invention, it is further specified that the principal axis of inertia of the at least one tube, perpendicular to the driving force, is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube.

[0060] According to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, it is further specified that the drive offset is caused by manufacturing tolerances during the production of the exciter assembly, that is, in particular by the positioning tolerance of the vibration exciter on the at least one tube and / or by the positioning tolerance of the tube assembly within the transducer protective housing.

[0061] According to a twelfth embodiment of the invention, the drive offset is further specified to be caused by manufacturing tolerances during the production of the tube assembly (i.e., in particular the manufacturing of the at least one tube).

[0062] According to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, the electronic unit of the measurement system is further configured to provide a second useful current (at least intermittently, simultaneously with the first (useful) current component) with the drive signal, for example, such that the amplitude of the first (useful) current component is adjusted to be not less than the amplitude of the second (useful) current component and / or such that the amplitude of the second (useful) current component is adjusted to be greater than 40% of the amplitude of the first (useful) current component, particularly not less than 50% of the amplitude of the first (useful) current component.

[0063] According to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention, the electronic unit of the measurement system is further configured to adjust the second (AC) frequency according to the first (AC) frequency, specifically such that the second (AC) frequency is within a frequency setting interval, wherein the upper and / or lower limit and / or center frequency of the frequency setting interval corresponds to a specified multiple of the first (AC) frequency, that is, specifically, to a multiple greater than 230% and / or less than 300% of the first (AC) frequency.

[0064] According to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, the electronic unit of the measurement system is further configured to simultaneously feed the first and second (useful) currents of the drive signal, particularly within two vibration cycles and / or time intervals greater than 10 ms, that are not less than the first (useful) current component.

[0065] According to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention, the electronic unit of the measurement system is further configured to turn on the second (useful) current component during the feeding of the first (useful) current component, that is, in particular, to turn off the second (useful) current component again after a time interval of not less than two oscillation cycles and / or greater than 1 second of the first (useful) current component.

[0066] According to a seventeenth embodiment of the invention, the measurement system electronics unit further includes a first phase-locked loop (PLL), particularly a digital first PLL, for adjusting the first (AC) frequency, and a second PLL, particularly a digital second PLL, for adjusting the second (AC) frequency. Furthermore, the measurement system electronics unit may be additionally configured to adjust the capture range of the second PLL using at least one output signal of the first PLL, particularly the output signal of the loop filter of the first PLL, and / or based on the first (AC) frequency.

[0067] According to an eighteenth embodiment of the invention, the measurement system further includes a support frame, particularly a metal support frame and / or a support frame designed as a transducer protective housing, wherein the support frame and the tube assembly are fastened to each other, particularly in a detachable manner, and wherein the exciter assembly (i.e., particularly the at least one vibration exciter) and / or the sensor assembly (i.e., particularly the first and second vibration sensors) are partially attached to the support frame.

[0068] According to a nineteenth embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system further includes an electronic protective housing for the electronic unit of the measurement system, the protective housing being specifically fastened to the support frame of the transducer or the transducer protective housing and / or of metal.

[0069] According to a twentieth embodiment of the invention, it is further specified that, apart from the vibration exciter, the transducer does not have any other vibration exciter mechanically connected to the at least one tube.

[0070] According to a twenty-first embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine at least one first mass value, particularly a digital first mass value, based on the first useful signal component of at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or the first (useful) current component of the drive signal, wherein the first mass value represents a measure of the first modal damping, i.e., particularly the mass of the first useful vibration or the damping ratio of the first useful vibration, or depends on the first modal damping; and the measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine at least one second mass value, particularly a digital second mass value, based on the second useful signal component of at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or the second (useful) current component of the drive signal, wherein the second mass value represents a measure of the second modal damping, i.e., particularly the mass of the second useful vibration or the damping ratio of the second useful vibration, or depends on the second modal damping.

[0071] According to a twenty-second embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the measured substance based on the measurement phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal), that is, in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the measured substance, and the measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine at least one (damped) correction value, in particular a digital (damped) correction value, for the measurement phase difference and / or the measured value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference, based on the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, particularly based on at least one first useful signal component and at least one second useful signal component and / or based on the first and second (useful) current components.

[0072] According to a twenty-third embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the analyte, i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the analyte, based on a measured phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal). Furthermore, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the analyte, based on the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, particularly based on at least one first useful signal component and at least one... A second useful signal component and / or a second (useful) current component are used to determine at least one (damped) correction value, particularly a digital (damped) correction value, for the measurement phase difference or a measurement value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference, such that the (damped) correction value corresponds to the first and second modal damping, or a function of the first and second modal damping, and / or is subtracted from the measurement phase difference or the measurement value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference, and / or the (damped) correction value corresponds to the drive offset, i.e., particularly, depends on the drive offset and / or the measure of the drive offset.

[0073] According to a twenty-fourth embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the analyte, i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the analyte, based on a measured phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal). Furthermore, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to base its measurement on the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, particularly on at least one first useful signal component and at least one... The second useful signal component and / or the first and second (useful) current components determine at least one (damping) correction value, particularly a digital (damping) correction value, for the measurement phase difference or a measurement value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference, such that the (damping) correction value corresponds to the first and second modal damping, or a function of the first and second modal damping, specifically, such that the (damping) correction value corresponds to a function of the mass (1 / D2) of the second useful vibration or the reciprocal of the damping ratio of the second useful vibration and the square of the damping ratio of the first useful vibration or the reciprocal of the mass (1 / D1) of the first useful vibration.

[0074] According to the twenty-fifth embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the measured substance based on the measured phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal), that is, in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the measured substance, and the measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine at least one (damping) correction value for the measured phase difference based on the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, particularly based on at least one first useful signal component and at least one second useful signal component and / or based on the first and second (useful) current components, particularly a digital (damping) correction value, or a measured value temporarily determined based on the measured phase difference, such that the (damping) correction value corresponds to a function of the product of the square of the mass (1 / D1) of the first useful vibration or the mass (1 / D2) of the second useful vibration or the product of the square of the reciprocal of the damping ratio of the first useful vibration and the square of the reciprocal of the damping ratio of the second useful vibration.

[0075] According to a twenty-sixth embodiment of the invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the measured substance based on the measured phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal), i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the measured substance. The measurement system electronic unit is also configured to determine at least one (damping) correction value, in particular a digital (damping) correction value, for the measured value temporarily determined based on the measured phase difference or the measured phase difference, such that the amount of the (damping) correction value decreases with an increase in the first modal damping (D1) and / or increases with an increase in the second modal damping (D2).

[0076] According to a twenty-seventh embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the measured substance based on a measurement phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal), i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the measured substance. Furthermore, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine at least one (damping) correction value, in particular a digital (damping) correction value, for the measurement phase difference or the measured value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference, such that the (damping) correction value is a power of the first modal damping (D1) (D1). 2 The ratio of the second modal damping (D1) to the second modal damping (D2) 2 / D2) is proportional.

[0077] According to a twenty-eighth embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the analyte, i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the analyte, based on a measured phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal). Furthermore, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to be based on the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, particularly based on at least one first useful signal component and at least one... A second useful signal component and / or at least one (damped) correction value, particularly a digital (damped) correction value, is determined based on the first and second (useful) current components for the measurement phase difference or a measurement value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference, such that the measurement system electronics are configured to store the (damped) correction value, particularly in a non-volatile data memory, and / or such that the (damped) correction value is stored as a reference value specific to the measurement system, and / or included in the measurement function of the measurement system, which converts at least one flow parameter to be measured into a corresponding measurement value according to the measurement function.

[0078] According to a twenty-ninth embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the analyte, i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the analyte, based on a measured phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal). Furthermore, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to, based on the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, particularly based on at least one first useful signal component and at least one second... Useful signal components and / or based on the first and second (useful) current components determine at least one (damped) correction value, particularly a digital (damped) correction value, for the measurement phase difference or a measurement value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference, such that the measurement system electronics are configured to compare the (damped) correction value with an initial (damped) correction value determined in advance (particularly under reference conditions and / or during startup of the measurement system and / or during (re)calibration of the measurement system and / or using other structurally identical measurement systems), and are specifically stored in the measurement system electronics and / or used as a reference value.

[0079] According to a thirtieth embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the analyte, i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the analyte, based on a measured phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal). Furthermore, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the analyte, based on the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, particularly based on at least one first useful signal component and at least one second useful signal component and / or based on the... The first and second (useful) current components are used to determine at least one (damped) correction value, particularly a digital (damped) correction value, for the measurement phase difference or a measurement value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference, such that the measurement system electronics are configured to compare the (damped) correction value with at least one threshold specified for it and particularly representing an out-of-specification transducer and / or a large, unacceptable drive offset; and / or the measurement system electronics are configured to determine the degree of the drive offset by at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, particularly by using the (damped) correction value, and / or to perform checks on the measurement system.

[0080] According to a thirty-first embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the measured substance based on a measured phase difference (i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal), i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value that at least temporarily represents the mass flow rate of the measured substance. Furthermore, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine at least one first mass value, particularly a digital first mass value, based on a first useful signal component of at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or a first (useful) current component of the drive signal, wherein the first mass value represents a measure of the first modal damping, i.e., particularly the mass of the first useful vibration or the damping ratio of the first useful vibration, or depending on the first modal damping. The measurement system electronics are configured to determine at least one second mass value, particularly a digital second mass value, based on a second useful signal component of at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or a second (useful) current component of the drive signal, wherein the second mass value represents a measure of second modal damping, i.e., particularly the mass of the second useful vibration or the damping ratio of the second useful vibration, or depending on the second modal damping, wherein the measurement system electronics are configured to determine at least one (particularly digital) (damping) correction value for measuring phase difference or a measured value temporarily determined based on the measured phase difference, such that the (damping) correction value corresponds to a function of the mass (1 / D2) of the second useful vibration or the reciprocal of the damping ratio of the second useful vibration and the square of the damping ratio of the first useful vibration or the reciprocal of the mass (1 / D1) of the first useful vibration.

[0081] According to the thirty-second embodiment of the present invention, it is further specified that the first useful signal component of the first and second vibration signals varies with the change of the mass flow rate of the measured substance transmitted in the pipe as a function of the (measured) phase difference of the first useful signal component, that is, the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the first vibration signal and the phase angle of the first useful signal component of the second vibration signal; and the electronic unit of the measurement system is configured to generate a mass flow rate measurement value representing the mass flow rate based on the (measured) phase difference of the first useful signal component.

[0082] According to the thirty-third embodiment of the present invention, it is further specified that a phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function is configured in the electronic unit of the measurement system. Based on the phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function, the electronic unit of the measurement system can determine a measured value representing at least one flow parameter of the measured substance based on the measured phase difference, that is, in particular, a mass flow rate measured value representing the mass flow rate of the measured substance. In particular, the first and second modal damping is considered in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function, or the (damping) correction value is included in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function.

[0083] According to the thirty-fourth embodiment of the present invention, it is further specified that a phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function is configured in the electronic unit of the measurement system. Based on the phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function, the electronic unit of the measurement system can determine a measured value representing the at least one flow parameter of the measured substance, that is, in particular, a mass flow rate measured value representing the mass flow rate of the measured substance. In particular, the first and second modal damping is considered in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function, or the (damping) correction value is included in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function. In particular, the phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function includes the product of the square of the first modal damping and the reciprocal of the second modal damping, and / or the square of the reciprocal of the mass of the first useful vibration and the mass of the second useful vibration.

[0084] According to the thirty-fifth embodiment of the present invention, it is further specified that a phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function is configured in the electronic unit of the measurement system. Based on the phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function, the electronic unit of the measurement system can determine a measured value representing the at least one flow parameter of the measured substance, i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value representing the mass flow rate of the measured substance, in particular, such that the first and second modal damping is considered in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function, or the (damping) correction value is included in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function, such that the electronic unit of the measurement system is configured to check the phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function by at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, in particular by using the (damping) correction value.

[0085] According to the thirty-sixth embodiment of the present invention, it is further specified that a phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function is configured in the measurement system electronic unit. Based on the phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function, the measurement system electronic unit can determine a measured value representing at least one flow parameter of the analyte, i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value representing the mass flow rate of the analyte. In particular, the first and second modal damping is considered in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function, or the (damping) correction value is included in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function. And / or the measurement system electronic unit is also configured to perform (self)diagnosis and / or (re)calibration of the measurement system, particularly in transducers integrated in pipeline systems, by using the (damping) correction value, and / or by a measurement system electronic unit electrically connected to the transducer.

[0086] According to the thirty-seventh embodiment of the present invention, the electronic unit of the measurement system is further configured to determine a first velocity value based on at least one of the first and second vibration signals, the first velocity value representing a first vibration velocity, that is, the velocity of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube performing the first useful vibration, and in particular, the first velocity value is stored in a non-volatile data memory.

[0087] According to the thirty-eighth embodiment of the present invention, the electronic unit of the measurement system is further configured to determine at least one second velocity value, the at least one second velocity value representing a second vibration velocity, that is, the velocity of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube performing the second useful vibration, and in particular, the at least one second velocity value is stored in a non-volatile data memory.

[0088] According to the thirty-ninth embodiment of the present invention, the electronic unit of the measurement system is further configured to determine at least one first current measurement value representing the first (useful) current component, in particular a digital first current measurement value, in particular the (current) amplitude of the first (useful) current component or the effective value of the first (useful) current component, and in particular to store the at least one first current measurement value in a non-volatile data memory.

[0089] According to the fortieth embodiment of the invention, the electronic unit of the measurement system is further configured to determine at least one second current measurement value representing the second (useful) current component, in particular a digital second current measurement value, in particular the amplitude of the second (useful) current component or the effective value of the second (useful) current component, and in particular to store the at least one second current measurement value in a non-volatile data memory.

[0090] According to the forty-first embodiment of the present invention, it is further specified that a phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function is configured in the electronic unit of the measurement system. Based on the phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function, the electronic unit of the measurement system can determine a measured value representing at least one flow parameter of the measured substance, i.e., in particular, a mass flow rate measured value representing the mass flow rate of the measured substance, based on the measured phase difference. Furthermore, the electronic unit of the measurement system is also configured to determine a first velocity value based on at least one of the first and second vibration signals, the first velocity value representing a first vibration velocity, i.e., the velocity of the vibrational movement of the at least one tube performing the first useful vibration, and at least one second velocity value representing a second vibration velocity, i.e., the velocity of the vibrational movement of the at least one tube performing the second useful vibration, in particular, storing these values ​​in a non-volatile data memory, and to determine at least one first current measurement value representing the first (useful) current component based on the drive signal, in particular a digital first current measurement value, in particular the (current) amplitude of the first (useful) current component or the effective value of the first (useful) current component, and a table. The at least one second current measurement value of the second (useful) current component, particularly a digital second current measurement value, particularly the (current) amplitude or effective value of the second (useful) current component, is stored in a non-volatile data memory. At least one (damping) correction value, particularly a digital (damping) correction value, is determined by the first and second velocity values ​​and the first and second current measurement values ​​for measuring the phase difference or a measurement value temporarily determined based on the measured phase difference. This correction value is particularly a function of the first vibration velocity, the square of the (current) amplitude of the second (useful) current component (eN2), the reciprocal of the (current) amplitude of the first (useful) current component (eN1), and the reciprocal of the square of the second vibration velocity.

[0091] According to the forty-second embodiment of the present invention, the electronic unit of the measurement system is further provided to have a non-volatile data memory (EEPROM) configured to store digital data, namely, in particular the first quality value and / or (damped) correction value, especially the digital data in the absence of an applied operating voltage.

[0092] According to the forty-third embodiment of the present invention, the vibration exciter is further specified to be formed by a vibration coil, which in particular has an air coil and an armature.

[0093] According to the forty-fourth embodiment of the invention, each of the first and second vibration sensors is further provided to be formed by a plunger coil, which in particular has an air coil and an armature.

[0094] According to the forty-fifth embodiment of the invention, the vibration exciter is further provided to have a magnetoarmature and a coil, the magnetoarmature being formed in particular by a permanent magnet, and the coil being submerged in the magnetic field of the armature, i.e., the coil being in particular an air coil; this, for example, causes the magnetoarmature to be mechanically connected to the at least one tube to form the drive point; and / or the coil is electrically connected to the measurement system electronics unit and is configured to receive the drive signal and conduct its first and second (useful) currents.

[0095] According to the forty-sixth embodiment of the present invention, the measurement system electronic unit is further configured to follow the change of the density of the measured substance conducted in the tube with the first (AC) frequency of the driving signal, and the measurement system electronic unit is configured to generate a density measurement value representing the density based on the first (AC) frequency of the driving signal and / or based on the signal frequency of the first useful signal component of at least one of the vibration signals.

[0096] According to the forty-seventh embodiment of the invention, the measurement system electronics are further specified to provide the second (useful) current component (eN2) to the drive signal (e1) during test intervals that are particularly long than 10 ms and / or of limited duration and / or initiated by a sine wave with a second (AC) frequency, for example, such that the test interval is longer than 100 ms in each case, particularly not less than 1 s; and / or the measurement system electronics are configured to automatically, particularly in a time-controlled manner, particularly repeatedly start and / or end the test interval; and / or the measurement system electronics are configured to receive and execute one or more commands to start the test interval.

[0097] According to the forty-eighth embodiment of the present invention, the pipe wall is further specified to be made of steel, particularly stainless steel, duplex steel or super duplex steel, or composed of titanium alloy and / or zirconium alloy, particularly zirconium alloy and / or tantalum alloy.

[0098] According to the forty-ninth embodiment of the invention, the tube is further specified to have a diameter (inner diameter) greater than 0.1 mm, i.e., particularly greater than 0.5 mm, for example, such that the tube has a diameter-to-length ratio greater than 0.08, particularly greater than 0.1 and / or less than 0.25, particularly less than 0.2; and / or the tube length is greater than 200 mm, particularly greater than 500 mm, and / or less than 2,000 mm, particularly less than 1,500 mm; and / or the tube has a diameter greater than 10 mm, i.e., particularly greater than 15 mm.

[0099] According to a fiftieth embodiment of the invention, it is further specified that, apart from the vibration exciter, the exciter assembly does not have any other vibration exciter connected to the tube.

[0100] According to the fifty-first embodiment of the present invention, the vibration exciter is further specified to be positioned and aligned such that the drive offset is less than 0.5 mm, i.e., specifically zero, or such that the centroid of the drive cross-sectional area of ​​the tube corresponds to or coincides with the drive reference point.

[0101] According to the fifty-second embodiment of the present invention, each of the first-order vibration mode and the second-order vibration mode of the tube is further provided to have a first vibration node located at a first tube end of the at least one tube and a second vibration node located at a second tube end of the at least one tube.

[0102] According to the fifty-third embodiment of the invention, the tube is further specified to be partially curved, in particular in the shape of an arc and / or a V-shape, and in particular such that the tube has a central vertex arc segment and / or such that exactly one principal axis of inertia of the at least one tube is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube.

[0103] According to the fifty-fourth embodiment of the invention, it is further specified that the tube is partially straight, particularly straight along its entire length, and in particular such that the three principal axes of inertia of the at least one tube are located within a reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube, and / or the center of mass is located within a reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube.

[0104] According to the fifty-fifth embodiment of the invention, the tube assembly is further provided to have at least one second tube, which is particularly at least partially curved and / or at least partially straight, and / or structurally identical to and / or at least partially parallel to the first tube. Further developing this embodiment, it is further specified that the vibration exciter is partially mechanically connected to both the first tube and the second tube; and / or the vibration exciter is configured to act differentially on the first and second tubes, in particular causing the first and second tubes to simultaneously perform opposite forced mechanical vibrations of equal frequencies; and / or the vibration exciter is configured to convert electrical power with time-varying current into mechanical power, such that a time-varying driving force acts on the second tube at a driving point formed by the vibration exciter on the second tube to which it is mechanically connected, in particular acting simultaneously and / or oppositely to the driving force acting on the first tube at the driving point formed by the vibration exciter on the first tube to which it is mechanically connected; and / or the vibration exciter is configured to simultaneously convert electrical power fed by the electrical drive signal into forced mechanical vibrations of the first and second tubes, in particular causing the first and second tubes to simultaneously perform forced mechanical vibrations at the first useful frequency and / or the second useful frequency.

[0105] The basic idea of ​​this invention is that, during the operation of an electronic vibration measurement system of the type discussed, especially in order to compensate for measurement errors depending on the variable material parameters of the corresponding analyte, in addition to the useful vibrations typically excited according to odd-order (bending) vibration modes, useful vibrations, i.e., bending vibrations, are actively excited at least intermittently by at least one vibration exciter (arranged at the center of at least one tube) according to even-order vibration modes and thus (nominally) the inherent vibration modes of at least one tube having a vibration node located at or immediately adjacent to the vibration exciter (i.e., second-order (bending) vibration mode (f2 mode) and / or fourth-order (bending) vibration mode (f4 mode)).

[0106] The invention is also based, in particular, on the surprising discovery that, due to the typically very low but usually non-zero drive offset in the case of a pristine or intact transducer, the aforementioned useful vibrations corresponding to the even-order vibration modes in active excitation of the corresponding resonant frequencies of the vibration modes (i.e., the resonant frequency (f2) of the second-order (bending) vibration mode (f2 mode)) have a fairly small but usually sufficiently measurable amplitude, or therefore also have well measurable (modal) damping; in particular, this also reaches such a degree that, based on the corresponding modal damping of the two excited useful vibrations, the influence of the aforementioned drive offset or one or more material parameters of the analyte on the corresponding measurement error can be determined using the measurement system according to the invention during operation, for example, also during the (self)adjustment (“auto-zeroing”) of the measurement system, and / or the influence of the drive offset can be taken into account in the determination of the measured values ​​in a corresponding manner. Furthermore, it has been recognized that the aforementioned phase error can also be quantitatively determined, at least approximately, in the form of a (damped) correction value, based on a combination of one or more such actively excited even-order (bending) vibration modes (i.e., the f2 mode) and one or more timely or simultaneously actively excited odd-order vibration modes (i.e., the typical first-order (bending) vibration mode (f1 mode) or third-order (bending) vibration mode (f3 mode)), or based on the corresponding drive signal and at least one corresponding vibration signal, in an "on-the-fly" manner, i.e., during the ongoing operation of the corresponding measurement system. This typically occurs in conventional measurement systems as a system (measurement) bias depending on one or more material parameters of the analyte; for example, this is also to update the (damped) correction value accordingly in the event of a change in phase error, such as due to a change in the material parameters of the analyte, especially viscosity.

[0107] Furthermore, it has been recognized that, conversely, during the use of the corresponding measurement system, for example, due to changes in the geometric or mechanical properties of the tube or the transducer formed therefrom relative to the original drive offset (i.e., the drive offset effective for the (first) calibration of the measurement system), the change in drive offset associated with the displacement of the aforementioned vibration node closest to the vibration exciter also has the modal damping of the useful vibration in the same excitation, compared with the damping of the corresponding initial measurement; this specifically makes it possible for the modal damping of the odd-order (bending) bending mode (f1 mode) to increase, or the modal damping of the even-order (bending) bending mode (f2 mode) to decrease, as the drive offset increases. Therefore, based on the useful vibration according to the even-order vibration mode, it is also very easy to perform (self)diagnostics, for example, in the sense of checking the function of the measurement system or verifying the measurement system ("pass / fail"). For the purpose of this (self)diagnostic measurement of the system, during the operation of the measurement system, it is advantageous and very easy to cyclically determine the vibration response or (system) parameters characterizing them generated by the active excitation of useful vibrations according to even-order vibration modes, and possibly also the vibration response generated by useful vibrations according to odd-order vibration modes, and compare them with the corresponding reference vibration response ("fingerprint") or its reference value, for example, so that in the event of an increase in deviation or a deviation exceeding a specified tolerance measure, the presence of a fault in the measurement system may also be detected according to the corresponding reference value; this is also advantageous to be carried out simultaneously with the actual measurement operation without significantly affecting the actual measurement operation or having to interrupt the measurement operation for a longer period of time for this purpose.

[0108] Another advantage of the present invention is that it enables compensation or correction based on phase error and the aforementioned (self)diagnostic invention, and even primarily and possibly exclusively uses proven designs for conventional electronic vibration measurement systems, and especially for transducers installed thereto date, while also primarily retaining the proven technology and architecture of established measurement system electronics; for example, such that conventional and possibly already installed measurement systems can also be retrofitted by corresponding reprogramming of the corresponding measurement system electronics. Attached Figure Description

[0109] In the following, the invention and its advantageous embodiments are explained in more detail based on exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Components with the same or the same function or purpose are indicated by the same reference numerals throughout the drawings; for clarity of purpose, or if it seems wise for other reasons, the aforementioned reference numerals are omitted in subsequent drawings. Further advantageous embodiments or modifications, particularly combinations of aspects of the invention initially explained individually, also arise from the drawings and / or the claims themselves.

[0110] The attached diagram shows in detail:

[0111] Figure 1 This is a perspective side view of an exemplary embodiment of the electronic vibration measurement system;

[0112] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the application of according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the vibration transducer of the electronic vibration measurement system and the measurement system electronic unit electrically coupled thereto;

[0113] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the application of according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another exemplary embodiment of the vibration transducer of the electronic vibration measurement system and the measurement system electronic unit electrically coupled thereto;

[0114] Figure 4a It is applicable to according to Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the tube assembly of a vibration transducer in an electronic vibration measurement system, wherein the tube is excited to vibrate to a first useful vibration;

[0115] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of the Coriolis vibration of the tube in the tube assembly according to Figure 4, which is excited due to useful vibration and depends on the mass flow rate.

[0116] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the inherent first-order, second-order, or third-order vibration modes in the tube of the tube assembly according to Figure 4;

[0117] Figure 6 , Figure 7 It is based on the schematic diagram of the tube assembly in Figure 4, in which the tube is excited to a second useful vibration. Detailed Implementation

[0118] Figure 1 or Figure 2 and Figure 3 An exemplary embodiment or variation thereof is schematically illustrated for use in measuring and / or monitoring at least one measured variable, particularly a time-varying measured variable, of a fluid (e.g., at least intermittently flowing and / or at least intermittently two-phase or multi-phase or non-uniform) of a analyte FL, wherein the measured variable may be, for example, a flow parameter of the analyte FL, such as mass flow rate. Volumetric flow rate and / or flow rate, or, for example, material parameters such as density ρ and / or viscosity η. The measurement system is specifically provided or configured for integration into a production line that conducts a fluid FL used as the analyte (i.e., a gas, liquid, or dispersion), and that flows at least intermittently through the fluid FL supplied or discharged via the production line during operation. Furthermore, the measurement system is provided to determine (i.e., particularly calculate and / or output) a measured value X that quantifies at least one physical analyte variable (continuously in chronological order). M And optionally, digital measurements. A production line can be, for example, a component of a pipeline system and / or piping or hose line that may also be extended and / or branched, i.e., piping for filling equipment or refueling devices, or hose line in a biotechnology facility, for example.

[0119] As in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, or as evident from their combination, the measurement system includes a vibration transducer 10, i.e., a transducer having a tube assembly, an exciter assembly (31), and a sensor assembly (41, 42), wherein the tube assembly is formed by at least one (first) or several tubes for conducting the analyte, the exciter assembly (31) is used to convert electrical power to excite and maintain forced mechanical vibration of at least one tube, and the sensor assembly (41, 42) is used to detect the mechanical vibration of the tube assembly and to provide vibration signals (s1, s2) (e.g., electrical or optical vibration signals) that accordingly represent the vibrational motion of the tube assembly (i.e., particularly one or more of its tubes). Furthermore, the measurement system also includes a measurement system electronics unit 20 electrically coupled to the transducer 10, i.e., electrically coupled to both the aforementioned exciter assembly and the aforementioned sensor assembly of the transducer, i.e., via corresponding electrical connection lines, particularly formed and / or arranged in the electronic protective housing (200) by at least one microprocessor (μC) and / or used as a transmitter for controlling the transducer, i.e., particularly causing the aforementioned mechanical vibration of at least one tube, and evaluating the vibration signal provided by the transducer, i.e., determining the aforementioned measured values, for example. The measurement system electronics unit 20 may be designed, for example, to be programmable and / or remotely parameterizable, i.e., correspondingly formed by at least one microprocessor and / or at least one digital signal processor (DSP) and / or by a programmable logic device (FPGA) and / or by a customer-specifically programmed logic module (ASIC). Furthermore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 may be supplied with the electrical energy required during operation via an internal energy storage device and / or via a connecting cable from outside the measurement system electronics unit 20. Electrical coupling or connection between transducer 10 and measurement system electronics unit 20 can be achieved through corresponding electrical connection lines and corresponding cable feeds. In this case, the connection lines can be at least partially formed as electrical conductors covered by an electrical insulator in at least some portions, for example, in the form of twisted-pair wires, ribbon cables, and / or coaxial cables. Alternatively or supplementarily, the connection lines can also be formed, at least in some portions, by printed conductors on a printed circuit board, particularly a flexible, optionally coated printed circuit board.

[0120] In addition, such as Figure 1As schematically shown, the measurement system electronics unit 20 can, for example, be housed in a corresponding separate electronic protective housing 200, which is particularly impact-resistant and / or also explosion-resistant and / or at least water-resistant, and can also be designed to enable the exchange of measurement data and / or other operational data, such as status messages, such as current measured values ​​or settings and / or diagnostic values ​​for controlling the measurement system, during operation of the measurement system, via a data transmission system (e.g., a fieldbus system) and / or via radio wirelessly with a higher-level electronic (measurement) data processing system (not shown here) (e.g., a programmable logic controller (PLC), a process control system (PLS), a remote terminal unit (RTU), or a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) process executed on a personal computer (PC) and / or workstation). Figure 2 and Figure 3 Therefore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 may, for example, have a transmit and receive circuit COM that is powered during operation by an evaluation and supply unit located in the aforementioned data processing system and located remotely from the measurement system. For example, the measurement system electronics unit 20 (or its aforementioned transmit and receive electronics unit COM) may also be designed to be electrically connected to the aforementioned external electronic data processing system via a two-conductor connection 2L, optionally configured as a 4-20mA current loop, and via this connection, to obtain the electrical power required to operate the measurement system from the aforementioned evaluation and supply unit of the data processing system, and, for example, to transmit the measured values ​​(optionally, digitized measured values) to the data processing system by (load) modulation of the DC current fed by the evaluation and supply unit. Furthermore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 may also be designed to operate nominally and / or intrinsically safely at a maximum power of 1W or less. Furthermore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 can also be constructed, for example, in a modular manner, such that various electronic components of the measurement system electronics unit 20 (such as the measurement and evaluation circuit DSV formed by one or more microprocessors and / or one or more digital signal processors for processing and evaluating measurement signals (especially vibration signals) provided by the transducer 10, the drive circuit Exc for controlling the transducer 10 or its exciter assembly, the internal power supply circuit VS for providing one or more internal operating voltages, and / or the aforementioned transmit and receive circuit COM for communicating with the aforementioned upper-level (measurement) data processing system or the aforementioned external fieldbus) are respectively mounted on one or more separate circuit boards and / or formed by one or more separate microprocessors.

[0121] from Figure 2 and Figure 3As can be seen from the diagram, the aforementioned transmitting and receiving circuits COM can, for example, also be provided with a measured value (X) determined internally by the measurement system (e.g., by the aforementioned measurement and control circuit DSV). M The output (x) m One of them. Therefore, the transmitting and receiving circuit COM can also be configured to transmit the received measurement value X. M Convert to provide the measured value X M The output signal x m For example, output signals conforming to industry standards, such as DIN IEC60381-1:1985-11, IEC 61784-1CPF1 (Foundation Fieldbus), IEC 61784-1CPF3 (Profibus), IEC 61158, or IEC 61784-1CPF9 (HART). This is for visualizing measurement values ​​(X) generated internally by the measurement system in the field. M The measurement system may also have a display and operation element HMI, such as an LCD, OLED, or TFT display, located in the aforementioned electronic housing 200 behind a window therein, and / or status messages generated internally by the measurement system (such as error messages or alarms). The measurement system may also have a display and operation element HMI, such as an LCD, OLED, or TFT display, located in the aforementioned electronic housing 200 behind a window therein, and the HMI may also communicate at least intermittently with the measurement system electronic unit 20 and a corresponding input keyboard and / or touch screen.

[0122] The program code executed during the operation of the measurement system in the measurement system electronics unit 20 (i.e., in one or more of the aforementioned microprocessor or digital signal processor of the measurement system electronics unit 20) can be persistently stored, for example, in one or more non-volatile data memories (EEPROMs) of the measurement system electronics unit 20, i.e., memories that store digital data even without an applied operating voltage, and can be loaded into volatile data memories (RAMs) provided in the measurement system electronics unit 20 or in the aforementioned measurement and evaluation circuit DSV (e.g., integrated into the microprocessor) when the measurement system electronics unit is started. For processing in the microprocessor or digital signal processor, the vibration measurement signals s1 and s2 are first converted into corresponding digital signals by a corresponding analog-to-digital converter (A / D) (i.e., by appropriately digitizing the corresponding signal voltages of each of the vibration measurement signals s1 and s2, which are electrical signals, for comparison, in this respect, for example, the aforementioned US-B 6311 136). Therefore, the measurement system electronic unit 20 (i.e., in the measurement and evaluation circuit DSV described above) can provide corresponding analog-to-digital converters for vibration measurement signals s1, s2 and / or at least one non-volatile electronic data memory (EEPROM) configured to store digital data, i.e., to store digital data even without an applied operating voltage.

[0123] According to another embodiment of the invention, the measuring system further includes a support frame 100, particularly a bending-resistant and / or torsional-resistant support frame, wherein, as also... Figure 1 , Figure 2 or Figure 3 As schematically shown, the support frame 100 and the tube assembly are fastened to each other, for example, by material bonding or, particularly as shown in WO-A 2019 / 017891 above. To protect the transducer or its components from harmful environmental influences, to prevent the vibrating tube from emitting undesirable sounds, or to collect the measured material escaping from the leak-proof tube assembly, as is quite common in electronic vibration measurement systems of the type discussed, the support frame 100 can also be designed to surround the transducer protective housing of the tube assembly along with the exciter assembly and sensor assembly, for example, such that the transducer protective housing is metallic and / or has a compressive strength greater than the maximum compressive strength of at least one tube of the tube assembly and / or greater than 50 bar. The exciter assembly and / or sensor assembly can also be partially attached to the support frame or to the transducer protective housing. In the above-described case where the measurement system electronics 20 is housed within an electronic protective housing 200, the electronic protective housing 200 can also be fastened, for example, to the support frame or to the exterior of the transducer protective housing of the transducer, as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The diagrams are schematically shown or can be easily seen from their combinations.

[0124] At least one tube in the tube assembly may be at least partially straight, i.e., particularly hollow cylindrical, and / or at least partially curved, for example, such that the tube has a central apex arc segment, i.e., particularly substantially V-shaped or having a V-shaped profile, and / or such that the tube ultimately has a tubular shape located in a single (tube) plane. Figure 2As shown, at least one tube extends from a first tube end to a second tube end, the tube length corresponding to the length of the tube's imaginary centerline, for example, greater than 100 mm, and the tube has a lumen surrounded by a tube wall extending from the first tube end to the second tube end. According to another embodiment of the invention, the tube length is greater than 200 mm, for example also greater than 500 mm, and / or less than 2,000 mm, for example also less than 1,500 mm. In the case of at least partially bent tubes, the aforementioned tube length corresponds to the extended or unfolded length of the tube, and the tube can be manufactured by bending a tubular semi-finished product. According to another embodiment of the invention, the tube wall of the at least one tube is made of metal (i.e., for example steel, particularly stainless steel, duplex or super duplex steel, titanium alloys and / or zirconium alloys, particularly zirconium alloys, and / or tantalum alloys and / or nickel-based alloys). Furthermore, the at least one tube of the tube assembly can be designed as a single piece, for example, such that the tube is produced seamlessly or (at least in the case where the tube wall is made of metal) has a single weld. According to another embodiment of the invention, the at least one tube of the tube assembly has a diameter (inner tube diameter) greater than 0.1 mm (i.e., also greater than 0.5 mm), and / or the tube wall of the at least one tube has a minimum wall thickness of not less than 0.5 mm (e.g., also greater than 1.5 mm), and this particularly makes the wall thickness substantially uniform. According to another embodiment of the invention, the tube has a diameter-to-length ratio greater than 0.08, particularly greater than 0.1 and / or less than 0.25, particularly less than 0.2. Incidentally, however, the at least one tube or each tube of the tube assembly may also present any other geometry and / or size conventionally used in conventional (standard) electronic vibration measurement systems, i.e., 1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm or even larger, and / or may be made of other materials conventionally used for this purpose.

[0125] According to another embodiment of the invention, the tube assembly of the transducer 10 has at least one second tube 112, such as Figure 3 As schematically shown. The tube 112 may be at least partially bent and / or at least partially straight. Furthermore, as... Figure 3As shown, tube 112 may also be structurally identical to tube 111 and / or at least partially parallel to tube 111. Similar to tube 111, tube 112 extends from the first end to the second end along its length, and like tube 111, tube 112 also has a lumen surrounded by a tube wall (e.g., a metal tube wall) extending from the first end to the second end. Furthermore, tube 112 is also designed, particularly simultaneously with the first tube, to be traversed by the measured substance or a portion thereof in the flow direction at least from the first end to the second end, and is simultaneously permitted to vibrate. Furthermore, the pipe assembly may also have a first and / or inlet-side splitter 21 and a second and / or outlet-side splitter 22, wherein the first and / or inlet-side splitter 21 serves as a pipeline branching unit, for example, and has at least two flow openings; the second and / or outlet-side splitter 22 is structurally identical to the splitter 21 and / or serves as a pipeline merging unit, for example, and also has at least two flow openings. Thus, each of the pipes 111 and 112 of the pipe assembly can be correspondingly connected to each of the first and second splitters to form two parallel flow channels, for example, such that pipe 111 has its first end connected to the first flow opening 21a of the first splitter 21 and its second end connected to the first flow opening 22a of the second splitter; and second pipe 112 has its first end connected to the second flow opening 21b of the first splitter 21 and its second end connected to the second flow opening 22b of the second splitter 22. The length of pipe 111 may, for example, be equal to the length of pipe 112. Furthermore, the pipe assembly may also have additional pipes, i.e., for example, two additional pipes, and thus, as particularly shown in US-A 56 02 345, WO-A 96 / 08697, US-A2017 / 0356777, WO-A 2019 / 081169, or WO-A 2019 / 081170 above, a total of four pipes. Therefore, both splitter 21 and splitter 22 each have, in particular, exactly four flow openings, and each pipe of the pipe assembly can be connected to each of splitters 21 and 22 respectively to form four parallel flow paths for the fluid. In the above-described case where the pipe assembly has four pipes, the pipes may also be designed, for example, such that they are structurally identical only in pairs, i.e., for example, the pipe lengths are chosen to have equal dimensions only in pairs. Furthermore, in the case of a tube assembly having two or more tubes, the wall of each tube may, for example, be composed of the same material, which is very common in the case of tube assemblies of the type discussed or transducers or measurement systems formed therefrom; for example, this also makes the wall thickness of each tube in the tube assembly equal to the wall thickness of the other tube or every other tube, and / or makes the diameter (i.e., inner diameter) of each tube in the tube assembly equal to the diameter of the other tube or every other tube.

[0126] As already noted, the tube assembly or the transducer MW formed therefrom is specifically configured to be connected to the aforementioned production line via an inlet end 10+ (e.g., also surrounded by a first connecting flange) and a corresponding outlet end 10# (e.g., surrounded by a second connecting flange), and is traversed by the analyte FL during operation. Furthermore, sealing surfaces may be formed at each of the aforementioned connecting flanges. In the above case, the tube assembly has at least two tubes and two distributors respectively connected thereto, the inlet end 10+ of the tube assembly being formed correspondingly by distributor 21, and the outlet end 10# of the tube assembly being formed correspondingly by distributor 22. Therefore, distributor 21 may have the aforementioned first connecting flange, and distributor 22 may have the aforementioned second connecting flange. Furthermore, at least one tube of the tube assembly can also be configured to conduct the analyte FL or a portion thereof within its respective lumen, i.e., for example, to perform forced mechanical vibration, which specifically induces a measurement effect corresponding to at least one measured variable and / or is excited by the exciter assembly around an associated static rest position; this specifically allows the at least one tube of the tube assembly to vibrate while the analyte flows from its first tube end in the direction (flow direction) of its second tube end. As is customary in the case of transducers of the type discussed, the aforementioned forced mechanical vibration can be at least partially forced bending vibration of the at least one tube about an imaginary vibration axis of the tube assembly (i.e., an imaginary vibration axis connecting the first and second tube ends).

[0127] The aforementioned actuator assembly of transducer 10 is then specifically provided or configured to convert the electrical power fed to it (from the measurement system electronics unit 20) into mechanical power, such that... Figure 4a As shown or even from Figure 2 and Figure 4a As is evident in the combination, at least one tube 111 and / or each of the tubes of the tube assembly performs at least intermittent forced mechanical vibrations around a corresponding static rest position, and a sensor assembly is provided or configured to detect the mechanical vibrations of the tube assembly, particularly the forced mechanical vibrations by the exciter assembly, and / or the bending vibrations of the at least one tube, and to provide a first vibration signal s1 and a second vibration signal s2, wherein, for example, the electrical vibration signals s1 and s2 each at least partially represent the vibrational motion of one or more tubes of the tube assembly, for example, by means of the vibrational motion (X) corresponding to the at least one tube. s1 X s2 The corresponding variable voltage.

[0128] The exciter assembly of the measurement system has a vibration exciter 31, such as an electrodynamic vibration exciter, which is mechanically connected to at least one tube and is also configured to convert electrical power with time-varying current into mechanical power, such that... Figure 2 As shown or from Figure 2 and Figure 4a The time-varying driving force F is evident in the combination. exc1 The vibration exciter 31 acts on the tube at a driving point, which is formed on the tube mechanically connected to it via the driving point. In this case, an imaginary circumference of the tube passing through the driving point surrounds a cross-sectional area of ​​the tube, which is also referred to below as the driving cross-sectional area of ​​the tube. Therefore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 is further configured to excite the vibration exciter 31 by an electrical driving signal e1 having a time-varying current, i.e., to feed electrical power into the vibration exciter 31, so that the at least one tube performs forced mechanical vibration, i.e., bending vibration, at one or more vibration frequencies specified by the driving signal e1. According to another embodiment of the invention, the vibration exciter 31 is positioned such that... Figure 4a As shown, the driving force F mentioned above exc1The line of action is perpendicular to the normal to the driving cross-sectional region of the tube. According to another embodiment of the invention, the vibration exciter 31 is electrodynamic, i.e., formed by a vibration coil having, for example, an air coil and an armature, or the vibration exciter 31 has, for example, a magnetoarmature formed by a permanent magnet and a coil submerged in the magnetic field of the armature, i.e., an air coil. For example, the magnetoarmature may be mechanically connected to at least one tube 111 to form a driving point, and / or the coil may be electrically connected, for example, to the measurement system electronics unit 20. According to another embodiment of the invention, it is further specified that, apart from the vibration exciter 31, the exciter assembly has no other vibration exciter connected to the tube 111, which is also common, for example, in conventional electronic vibration (standard) measurement systems. In the case described above, where the tube assembly has at least two tubes, the vibration exciter 31 can therefore also be configured to convert the electrical power fed by the electrical drive signal e1 into forced mechanical vibrations of the first and second tubes 111, 112; this specifically allows the vibration exciter 31 to act differentially on the two tubes 111, 112, i.e., to introduce only the opposite excitation force into the two tubes 111, 112, for example, causing the first and second tubes 111, 112 to simultaneously perform opposite forced mechanical vibrations of the same frequency, i.e., particularly opposite forced mechanical vibrations. Therefore, the vibration exciter 31 can be mechanically connected, for example, to tubes 111 and 112, i.e., for example, causing the aforementioned driving force to act on both tubes 111 and 112. Furthermore, the vibration exciter 31 can also be configured to convert electrical power with time-varying current into mechanical power, such that the time-varying driving force acts on the second tube 112 through the vibration exciter 31 at a driving point formed thereon, i.e., simultaneously and / or opposite to the driving force acting on the tube 111 through the driving point formed thereon, which is mechanically connected to the second tube 112. In the case where the vibration exciter 31 is formed by a coil electrically connected to the electronic unit of the measurement system, activating the vibration exciter 31 means that the coil receives the driving signal e1, i.e., its current.

[0129] like Figure 2 As schematically shown, the sensor assembly of the measurement system subsequently includes a first vibration sensor 41 (particularly an electrodynamic or optical first vibration sensor) and a second vibration sensor 42 (particularly an electrodynamic or optical second vibration sensor). Each of the vibration sensors 41, 42 (which are, for example, structurally identical) is positioned on the tube, i.e., particularly mechanically connected to the tube at least partially, and is also configured to detect (at selected points) at least the vibrational movement of the tube. X s1; Xs2) and convert them into a first vibration signal s1, such as an electrical or optical first vibration signal, and a second vibration signal s2, representing the vibrational motion of the tube; this specifically makes each of the first and second vibration signals (s1, s2) respectively contain one or more sinusoidal signal components of a corresponding frequency corresponding to the vibrational frequency of the tube's vibrational motion. According to another embodiment of the invention, each of the vibration sensors 41, 42 is also provided to be positioned at a distance from the vibration exciter 31 along the flow direction, particularly at a distance greater than 10 mm and / or greater than one-fifth and / or the same distance as the tube length; this specifically makes the vibration sensors 41, 42 (as is customary in conventional electronic vibration (standard) measurement systems) positioned at a distance from each other on the tube in the flow direction. According to another embodiment of the invention, each of the first and second vibration sensors 41, 42 is formed by a plunger coil having, for example, an air coil and an armature. In the case described above, where the tube assembly has at least two tubes, each of the vibration sensors 41 and 42 can be positioned on both the first tube 111 and the second tube 112, i.e., particularly partially mechanically connected to the first tube and partially mechanically connected to the second tube. Each of the vibration sensors 41 and 42 can also be configured to (particularly differentially) detect the vibrational movements of both the first and second tubes, i.e., particularly opposite vibrational movements, and convert them into a first or second vibration signal, such that each vibration signal represents the vibrational movements of the first and second tubes 111 and 112, particularly opposite vibrational movements. Figure 3 This is particularly true in the aforementioned case where vibration sensors 41 and 42 are electrodynamic vibration sensors constructed as plunger coils. In the aforementioned case where the tube assembly has two tubes, according to another embodiment of the invention, each of the first and second vibration sensors is positioned on the first and second tubes, i.e., for example, partially mechanically connected to the first tube and partially mechanically connected to the second tube. Furthermore, each of the first and second vibration sensors is configured to detect the vibrational motion of both the first and second tubes, i.e., directional vibrational motion, and convert them into corresponding first or second vibration signals, such that each of the first and second vibration signals represents the vibrational motion of the first and second tubes. The vibration sensors can be specifically designed such that the vibrational motion of the tubes, particularly the opposite vibrational motion, can then be detected differentially, and / or each of the first and second vibration signals represents the opposite vibrational motion of the first and second tubes, respectively.

[0130] At least one tube 111 or the tube assembly formed therefrom inherently possesses a plurality of vibration modes (natural vibration forms), each having associated (modal) damping (D1, D2, ..., Dx) and corresponding associated resonant frequencies (f1, f2, ..., fx) determined therefrom, and wherein the at least one tube 111 is capable of performing vibrational motions having one or more antinodes (SB) and two or more nodes (SK), such that the number of nodes is exactly one greater than the number of associated antinodes. Similarly, as... Figure 5 As shown, the vibration of at least one tube 111 in the basic vibration mode (i.e., the first-order vibration mode (f1 mode), i.e., for example, the first-order bending vibration mode) has exactly one antinode and therefore has two vibration nodes (f1 mode: 1SB, 2SK), while the vibration of tube 111 in the harmonic mode (deviating from the basic vibration mode), i.e., the second-order or higher-order vibration mode (f2 mode, f3 mode, f4 mode, ..., fx mode), i.e., for example, the second-order, third-order, fourth-order or higher-order bending vibration mode, has two or more antinodes and correspondingly has three or more vibration nodes (f2 mode: 2SB, 3SK, f3 mode: 3SB, 4SK, f4 mode: 4SB, 5SK, ..., fx mode: xSB, [x+1]SK). In this case, each of the above vibration modes, and therefore also first-order, second-order, or third-order vibration modes (f1 mode, f2 mode, f3 mode), has a first vibration node located at a first tube end of the at least one tube and a second vibration node located at a second tube end of the at least one tube. Figure 5 In the above-described case, the tube assembly has two or more tubes, and is very common in conventional electronic vibration (standard) measurement systems. The tube assembly may also have connecting elements used to adjust the vibrational properties of the tube assembly, and particularly for tuning one or more of the aforementioned resonant frequencies; this specifically makes, as... Figure 3As shown, a first connecting element 23 (e.g., a plate-like first connecting element) is mechanically connected to each tube and positioned at a distance from the shunt 22 greater than from the shunt 21, and at least one second connecting element 24 (e.g., a plate-like second connecting element and / or a second connecting element structurally identical to the connecting element 23) is mechanically connected to each of its tubes and positioned at a distance from the shunt 21 greater than from the shunt 22. According to another embodiment of the invention, the tube assembly is also designed such that the resonant frequency f2 of the second-order vibration mode (f2 mode) (i.e., particularly the second-order bending vibration mode) is nominally deviated from the resonant frequency f1 of the fundamental vibration mode (f1 mode) (i.e., particularly the first-order bending vibration mode), that is, in the case of the original or complete transducer, by more than 10% and / or more than 100 Hz of the resonant frequency f1.

[0131] In the measurement system according to the invention, the vibration exciter 31 is positioned and aligned such that, as Figure 4a or Figure 6As schematically shown, and particularly common in conventional electronic vibration (standard) measurement systems, the drive offset ΔE (i.e., the minimum distance between the aforementioned drive cross-sectional area of ​​tube 111 and a designated reference cross-sectional area of ​​at least one tube) is no greater than 3 mm and / or less than 0.5% of the tube length. The reference cross-sectional area is then selected or defined, for example, using an intact or initial transducer, such that the vibration node of the vibrational motion (formed between two antinodes of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube in a harmonic mode (i.e., a second-order vibration mode) and / or (nominally) located at half the tube length) lies within the reference cross-sectional area. Therefore, the drive offset ΔE also corresponds in effect to the distance between the centroid (center point) of the drive cross-sectional area of ​​the tube and the centroid (center point) of the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube. For example, the drive offset ΔE can be caused by manufacturing tolerances during the production of the exciter assembly, particularly by tolerances in positioning the vibration exciter on the at least one tube and / or by tolerances in positioning the tube assembly within the transducer protective housing and / or also by manufacturing tolerances during the production of the tube assembly (particularly by the manufacture of the at least one tube). Furthermore, the drive offset ΔE may also vary over time, for example due to wear-related asymmetric or non-uniform variations in the mechanical properties of the tube assembly. According to another embodiment of the invention, the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube is further selected such that the intersection of the principal axis of inertia of the tube perpendicular to the aforementioned driving force and / or the two mutually orthogonal planes of symmetry of the tube lies within the reference cross-sectional area. Furthermore, the tube assembly and exciter assembly according to another embodiment of the invention are designed such that the drive offset ΔE is at least nominally or initially, and therefore very conventionally in intact or initial transducers, and in conventional electronic vibration (standard) measurement systems, only slightly greater than zero, i.e., less than 2 mm, for example also less than 1 mm, and / or less than 0.2% of the tube length. In the above-described case, where the at least one tube is at least partially curved, i.e., at least partially having an arcuate shape and / or substantially V-shaped, the at least one tube 111 can be further designed, and the aforementioned reference cross-sectional area can be selected such that exactly one principal axis of inertia of the at least one tube is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the tube. In the alternative case where the at least one tube is straight along its entire length, the aforementioned reference cross-sectional area can be selected sequentially such that each of the three principal axes of inertia of the at least one tube is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube, or the center of mass is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube.According to another embodiment of the invention, a reference cross-sectional region is selected such that the vibration node of the vibrational motion (formed between two antinodes of the vibrational motion of at least one tube in the above-mentioned second-order vibration mode (i.e., particularly the second-order bending vibration mode) and / or the principal axis of inertia of the at least one tube perpendicular to the vibrational direction of the vibrational motion of the tube in the second-order vibration mode) is located within the reference cross-sectional region of the at least one tube.

[0132] Furthermore, the measurement system electronics 20 of the measurement system according to the invention is specifically configured to feed a drive signal e1 having a sinusoidal first (useful) current component eN1, which has a first (AC) frequency f, at least intermittently, i.e., for example, during normal measurement operation or during measurement intervals. eN1 and, for example, a specified and / or variable first (current) amplitude, so as to thereby achieve the first useful frequency f in the manner described above. N1 That is, corresponding to the (AC) frequency f eN1 The (vibration) frequency (f) N1 =f eN1 The first useful vibration is excited by a vibration exciter (excited by the useful current component eN1) or by the first driving force (component) F generated therefrom. exc1 Forced mechanical vibration of at least one tube), and as a result, vibration signals s1 and s2 with first useful signal components s1N1 and s2N1 respectively are provided, i.e., each has a first useful frequency f. N1 The (signal) frequency f s1N1 or f s2N1 (f s1N1 =f s2N1 =f N1 The sinusoidal signal component of the measurement system according to the present invention. Furthermore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 is configured to at least intermittently feed a drive signal e1 having a sinusoidal second (useful) current component eN2 to the vibration exciter 31, the sinusoidal second (useful) current component eN2 having a second (AC) frequency f. eN2 and, for example, a specified and / or variable second (current) amplitude, so as to, for example, simultaneously with the (useful) current component eN1, at a second useful frequency f eN2 That is, corresponding to the (AC) frequency f eN2 The (vibration) frequency (f) N2 =f eN2 This generates a second useful vibration (i.e., a second driving force (component) F generated by the (excited) vibration exciter 31 or thereby. exc2 Forced mechanical vibration of the tube, so as to achieve a second useful frequency f. N2 That is, corresponding to the (AC) frequency f eN1The (vibration) frequency (f) N1 =f eN1 The second useful vibration is excited (i.e., the second driving force (component) F generated by the vibration exciter (excited by the (useful) current component eN2) or thus generated). exc2 Forced mechanical vibration of at least one tube), and as a result, vibration signals s1 and s2 with second useful signal components s1N2 and s2N2 ​​respectively are provided, i.e., corresponding to the second useful frequency f respectively. N2 The (signal) frequency f s1N2 or f s2N2 sinusoidal signal component (f) s1N2 =f s2N2 =f N2 To generate the drive signal e1, as is quite common in such measurement systems, the measurement system electronics unit 20 may have a corresponding drive circuit Exc, which is formed, for example, by one or more phase-locked loops (PLLs) for determining the corresponding resonant frequency or adjusting the currently desired (AC) frequency. Furthermore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 may also be configured to operate based on a first (AC) frequency f. eN1 Or by adjusting the (AC) frequency f eN1 At least one output signal of the phase-locked loop (PLL1) (i.e., the output signal of the loop filter of the phase-locked loop (PLL1)) is used to adjust the capture range of the phase-locked loop (PLL2), which adjusts the second (AC) frequency. Furthermore, the measurement system electronics 20 can also be advantageously configured to feed the first and second (available) current components to the vibration exciter 31 at least intermittently, for example, for a duration of not less than two vibration cycles and / or a time interval greater than 10 ms; this, for example, enables the measurement system electronics 20 to switch on the (useful) current component e1N2 during the feeding of the (useful) current component eN1, or to switch off the (useful) current component e1N2 again after a duration of not less than two vibration cycles and / or a time interval greater than 1 s, and / or also enables the first (current) amplitude of the (useful) current component e1N1 to not be adjusted to be less than the second (current) amplitude of the (useful) current component e1N2 and / or the second (current) amplitude to be at least intermittently adjusted to be greater than 40% of the first (current) amplitude, for example, not less than 50%.

[0133] The measurement system electronics unit 20 of the measurement system according to the invention is further configured to adjust the (AC) frequency f. eN1 f eN2 This makes the (AC) frequency f eN1The odd-order vibration modes that deviate from the symmetrical vibration modes, specifically the resonant frequency f of the aforementioned fundamental vibration mode (f1 mode). 2n+1 (n = 0; 1; 2; ... → f1; f3; ...) is less than the resonant frequency f 2n+1 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, and (AC) frequency f eN2 The even-order vibration modes that deviate from the asymmetric vibration modes, specifically the resonant frequency f of the aforementioned second-order vibration mode (f2 mode). 2n+2 (n = 0; 1; 2; ... → f2; f4; ...) is less than the resonant frequency f 2n+2 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, for example, this makes the resonant frequency f of the excited odd-order vibrational modes... 2n+1 (AC) frequency f eN1 and / or the resonant frequency f of the excited even-order vibrational modes 2n+2 (AC) frequency f eN2 Matching, and / or making the first useful vibration suitable for inducing a Coriolis force F in the analyte having a non-zero mass flow rate through the at least one tube. c Furthermore, the useful signal components s1N1 and s2N1 each have a phase angle that depends on the mass flow rate, or follow the (measured) phase difference. The change in mass flow rate (i.e., the change in the difference between the phase angles of the useful signal component s1N1 and the phase angle of the useful signal component s2N1), and / or the change in the mass flow rate of the drive signal e1 and thus the vibration signals s1, s2, respectively, following the density of the analyte conducted in the tube assembly with respect to the (AC) frequency f of at least one of the useful current components eN1, eN2. eN1 f eN2 It changes with the frequency of the corresponding useful signal component, or with the frequency of the resonant frequency f. 2n+1 And therefore the (AC) frequency f eN1 The damping corresponding to the associated first modal damping D1, i.e., the damping of the (excited) odd-order vibration mode or the first useful vibration, or depending on it, and the resonant frequency f 2n+2 And therefore the (AC) frequency f eN2 The damping corresponds to the associated second modal damping D2, i.e., the damping of the (excited) even-order vibration mode or the second useful vibration, or depends on it. The (AC) frequency f of the useful current component eN1. eN1 And therefore the first useful frequency f N1 This can correspond, for example, to the resonant frequency of the tube assembly, which can also be measuredly determined by the density of the measured material FL conducted in the tube assembly, i.e., for example, the lowest resonant frequency or the resonant frequency f1 of the fundamental vibration mode (f1 mode) of tube 111, and the aforementioned (AC) frequency f of the useful current component eN2.eN2 And therefore the second useful frequency f N2 This can be, for example, the resonant frequency f2 corresponding to the second-order vibration mode (f2 mode). Therefore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 according to another embodiment of the invention is also configured to adjust (AC) the frequency f. eN1 This makes the (AC) frequency or useful frequency f N1 The resonant frequency f1 that deviates from the fundamental vibration mode is less than 1% (|f1-f) of the resonant frequency f1. N1 |<0.01f1) and / or less than 1Hz (|f1-f N1 |<1Hz) or the resonant frequency f1 corresponding to the fundamental vibration mode (f1 mode), and the vibrational motion of the first useful vibration ultimately corresponds to the vibrational motion of the fundamental vibration mode (f1 mode) of the at least one tube 111. Alternatively, the measurement system electronics unit may also be configured, for example, to adjust the first (AC) frequency f eN1 This makes the (AC) frequency f eN1 Or useful frequency f N1 The resonant frequency f3 that deviates from the third-order vibration mode (f3 mode) is less than 1% of the resonant frequency f3 (|f3-f N1 |<0.01f3) and / or less than 1Hz (|f3-f N1 |<1Hz), that is, the resonant frequency f3 corresponding to, for example, the third-order vibration mode (f3 mode), and the vibrational motion of the first useful vibration therefore ultimately corresponds to the vibrational motion of the third-order vibration mode (f3 mode) of the at least one tube 111. According to another embodiment of the invention, the measurement system electronics unit 20 is further configured to adjust (AC) the frequency f eN2 This makes the (AC) frequency f eN2 Or useful frequency f N2 The resonant frequency f2 that deviates from the second-order vibration mode (f2 mode) is less than 1% of the resonant frequency f2 (|f2-f N2 |<0.01f1) and / or less than 1Hz (|f2-f N2 |<1Hz) or corresponds to the resonant frequency f2, and the vibrational motion of the second useful vibration thus ultimately corresponds to the vibrational motion of the second-order vibration mode (f2 mode) of the at least one tube 111.

[0134] The above (system) parameters, especially the resonant frequency (f) 2n+1 f 2n+2The corresponding (modal) damping can be easily and directly determined during operation by the measurement system electronics unit 20, i.e., calculated, for example, based on vibration signals s1, s2 and / or drive signal e1, and can be provided for further calculations, which are performed in the measurement system electronics, for example, in the form of corresponding digital measurement data. Therefore, the measurement system electronics unit according to another embodiment of the invention is also configured to, for example, also for the purpose of determining a viscosity measurement value Xη representing the viscosity of the measured substance and / or a density measurement value Xρ representing the density of the measured substance, determine at least one (e.g., digital) first mass value XD1 based on a first useful signal component (s1N1; s2N1) of at least one of the vibration signals (s1, s2) and / or the (useful) current component eN1 of the drive signal e1, and a second useful signal component (s1N2; s2N2) and / or... The (useful) current component eN2 of the drive signal e1 determines at least one (e.g., digital) second mass value XD2, such that the mass value XD1 depends on the (modal) damping D1 and the mass value XD2 depends on the (modal) damping D2, or such that the mass value XD1 represents (i.e., specifically quantifies) a measure of the modal damping D1, i.e., the mass (1 / D1) or damping ratio of the first useful vibration, and the mass value XD2 represents (i.e., specifically quantifies) a measure of the (modal) damping D2, i.e., the mass (1 / D2) or damping ratio of the second useful vibration. It is well known that (modal) mass or damping can be readily determined during operation of the measurement system based on the velocity of the corresponding (modal) vibration motion and the useful current component of the drive signal e1 that drives them respectively, and can be expressed, for example, in the form of corresponding digital measurements. For this purpose, the measurement system electronic unit 20 can also be advantageously configured to determine a (digital) first velocity value based on at least one of the vibration signals (s1, s2), which represents a first vibration velocity, i.e., the velocity of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube performing the first useful vibration, and at least one (digital) second velocity value, which represents a second vibration velocity, i.e., the velocity of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube performing the second useful vibration, to store at least one (digital) first current measurement value representing the (useful) current component eN1, in particular the (current) amplitude or effective value of the (useful) current component eN1, and / or at least one (digital) second current measurement value representing the (useful) current component eN2, such as the amplitude or effective value of the (useful) current component eN2, i.e., also stored, for example, in the aforementioned non-volatile data memory EEPROM. Furthermore, the measurement system electronics unit can also be configured to determine at least one (digital) first frequency measurement value X representing the useful frequency fN1 or the resonant frequency f1 based on at least one of the vibration signals (s1, s2) and / or based on the drive signal e1.f1 And at least one (digital) second frequency measurement X representing the useful frequency fN2 or the resonant frequency f2. f2 And accordingly, they are stored in the electronic unit of the measurement system for further calculations, for example, they are also stored in the data memory EEPROM; for example, this is also for calculating the density measurement value X representing density based on such frequency values. ρ For example, based on the characteristic curve function of the corresponding resonant frequency and density measurement value of the measurement system electronic unit. Alternatively or additionally, the measurement system electronic unit 20 may also be provided or configured to generate a viscosity measurement value Xη, representing the viscosity η of the measured substance FL, based on at least one of the vibration signals s1, s2 and / or the drive signal e1, for example, also based on the aforementioned first and / or second mass values ​​(XD1, XD2), for example, according to the damping and viscosity measurement characteristic curve function of the measurement system electronic unit. The processing of the vibration signals s1, s2 and possibly the control of the aforementioned drive circuit Exc (which is very common in such measurement systems) may also be performed, for example, by the aforementioned measurement and evaluation circuit DSV, as well as in the respective... Figure 2 or Figure 3 The diagram is schematically shown. To further improve the final determination of the measured value X... M The accuracy, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 The transducers, which are schematically shown and are very common in such measurement systems, may also have temperature sensors 71 (71, 72) for detecting the temperature within the tube assembly and providing one or more corresponding temperature measurement signals θ1 (θ1, θ2), and are respectively, for example, directly attached to at least one tube of the tube assembly, and / or strain sensors for detecting mechanical stress within the tube assembly and providing one or more corresponding strain measurement signals, and respectively, for example, directly attached to one of the conduits of the tube assembly, and the measurement system electronics may also be configured to receive and process the temperature or strain measurement signals, i.e., particularly for determining the measured values.

[0135] As already noted, the measurement system electronics 20 is also provided or designed to receive and evaluate the vibration signals s1, s2 generated by the transducer 10, i.e., in particular, to determine and output a measured value X representing at least one measured variable. M Among them, as already mentioned, the first useful signal components s1N1 and s2N1 of the vibration signals s1 and s2 can also have additional (interference) phase angles, especially due to the aforementioned driving offset ΔE; this specifically makes it possible to have additional (measurement) phase differences in addition to the corresponding phase differences. In addition, there is an equal frequency (interference) phase difference between the useful signal components s1N1 and s2N1, which depends on one or more material parameters of the measured substance, especially the viscosity of the measured substance that jointly determines the above-mentioned modal damping (D1, D2), and is still independent of the mass flow rate. Therefore, when the mass flow rate is zero, the vibration signals s1 and s2 have a non-zero system phase error or zero-point error corresponding to the phase difference between the useful signal components of the two vibration signals. To minimize the aforementioned phase error, which also depends particularly on the first and second (modal) damping (D1, D2) or the resulting (interference) phase difference, the measurement system electronics of the measurement system according to the invention are therefore specifically configured to determine a measured value representing at least one flow parameter of the analyte, i.e., based, for example, on the aforementioned (measurement) phase difference of the first useful signal components s1N1 and s2N1, based on both (i.e., based on their (signal) frequencies) and / or based on the amplitude of at least one of the useful signal components s1N1 and s2N1 and / or based on the phase angle of at least one of the useful signal components s1N1 or s2N1, and a second (useful) current component eN2 and / or a second useful signal component s1N2 and s2N2, based on the aforementioned (measurement) phase difference of the first useful signal components s1N1 and s2N1. The mass flow rate measurement value X, representing the mass flow rate of the analyte, is determined based on the amplitude of at least one of the first useful signal components s1N1 and s2N1, and the amplitude of at least one of the second useful signal components s1N2 and s2N2, and / or based on the first and second useful current components (e1N1, e1N2), that is, specifically based on the first and second current amplitudes. m For this purpose, in the electronic unit of the measurement system according to another embodiment of the invention, at least one phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function, particularly, a phase difference versus mass flow rate measured value characteristic curve function. Configured (i.e., programmed), according to this characteristic curve function, the measurement system electronics unit measures the phase difference. (It may be normalized to the useful frequency fN1, especially in the case of electrodynamic vibration sensors.) It can determine the measured value X representing at least one flow parameter of the analyte. m Specifically, the mass flow rate measurement value X represents the mass flow rate of the measured substance. m The first and second modal damping (D1, D2) are considered in the characteristic curve function of the at least one phase difference versus the (mass flow rate) measurement; this, for example, makes the square power D1 of the first modal damping D1 considered in the characteristic curve function of the phase difference versus the (mass flow rate) measurement. 2The product of the reciprocal 1 / D2 of the second-mode damping D2, and / or such that the phase difference versus the mass flow rate measurement characteristic curve function corresponds to the following calculation rule:

[0136]

[0137] Or the mass flow rate measurement value X determined by the electronic unit of the measurement system. m The above calculation rules are satisfied. Each of the first and second modal damping (e.g., the (mass flow rate) measurement) can be easily and cyclically determined during operation, or possibly in real time, i.e., particularly by numerical calculation or digital measurement by the measurement system electronics based on the corresponding first or second current amplitude and based on at least one of the first or second useful signal components. The coefficients k11, k12, and k2 of the above calculation rules are measurement system-specific (calibration) constants, which can be predetermined for the respective measurement system, for example, based on computer-based (simulation) calculations and / or based on laboratory measurements performed on several samples of the measurement system series, and / or by individual calibration of the respective measurement system under reference conditions, i.e., for example, during (wet) calibration of the respective measurement system at the manufacturer and / or (re)calibration of the measurement system in the field. Specifically, the coefficient k11, implemented in conventional electronic vibration measurement systems, corresponds to a change in the phase difference of the (reference) mass flow rate of the calibration fluid (e.g., water at 25°C) conducted in the transducer, relating to the slope of the first useful signal component (s1N1; s2N1) of the characteristic curve function of the phase difference versus the mass flow rate measurement characteristic curve function, or to a change in the (measurement) sensitivity of the measurement system. Furthermore, the coefficient k12, also implemented in conventional electronic vibration measurement systems, corresponds to a (scale) zero point, for example, a static zero point, i.e., a calibration constant corresponding to the (measurement) phase difference determined by the zero (reference) mass flow rate of the calibration fluid, or a dynamic zero point. For example, it is also possible to select coefficients k11 and k12 such that the mass flow rate measurement of the reference mass flow rate can be temporarily determined using only the following shortened calculation rules.

[0138]

[0139] These measurements have deviations of less than 0.2% and / or less than 0.05 kg / h of the reference mass flow rate, respectively. Air, oil, and / or alcohols (e.g., glycerol) can also be used as one of a variety of calibration fluids, for example, as a substitute or supplement to water. Correspondingly, the measurement system electronics 20 can also be specifically configured to measure the phase difference during operation. (or normalized measurement of phase difference) The provisional mass flow rate measurement is initially determined without considering a second useful vibration or second (useful) signal component. Furthermore, based on the corresponding modified calculation rules, the corresponding mass flow rate measurements are then calculated using the currently determined first and second modal damping (D1, D2).

[0140]

[0141] The above temporary mass flow rate measurements This can also correspond, for example, to mass flow rate measurements calculated in a conventional manner, i.e., in the typical manner of conventional measurement systems of the type discussed, especially from the aforementioned US-A 2006 / 0266129, US-A2007 / 0113678, US-A 2010 / 0011882, US-A 2012 / 0123705, US-A 2017 / 0356777, US-A 56 02345, US-A 59 26 096, US-B 63 11 136, WO-A 2009 / 136943, WO-A 2019 / 017891, WO-A2019 / 081169, WO-A 2019 / 081170, WO-A 87 / 06691, WO-A 96 / 05484, WO-A The types are known, such as 96 / 08697, WO-A97 / 26508, or WO-A 99 / 39164, or can therefore be easily determined based on the characteristic curve function of phase difference versus mass flow measurement that has already been implemented in conventional measurement systems.

[0142] According to another embodiment of the invention, the measurement system electronics unit 20 is further configured to determine at least one (damping) correction value D12 based on both a first (useful) current component eN1 and / or a first useful signal component s1N1; s2N1 (i.e., based on their (signal) frequencies and / or based on the amplitude of at least one of the useful signal components s1N1; s2N1) and a second (useful) current component eN2 and / or at least one of the second useful signal components s1N2; s2N2 ​​(i.e., based on their (signal) frequencies and / or based on the amplitude of at least one of the useful signal components s1N2; s2N2), which is used, for example, to take into account the first and second modal damping (D1, D2) for at least one temporary mass flow measurement value. The contribution and / or the contribution to (measuring) phase difference Or for the temporary mass flow rate measurement determined thereby For numerical purposes, the (damping) correction value ΔD12 corresponds to the first and second modal damping (D1, D2), or is a function of the first and second modal damping (D1, D2), thus taking into account the first and second modal damping (D1, D2) in the (damping) correction value ΔD12; this specifically makes the amount of the (damping) correction value increase with increasing modal damping D1 and / or decrease with increasing modal damping D2, and / or the (damping) correction value ΔD12 comprises the product of the square of the reciprocal of the mass of the first useful vibration (1 / D1) and the mass of the second useful vibration (1 / D2), and / or makes the at least one (damping) correction value ΔD12 related to the ratio (D1... 2 / D2) is proportional or meets the following calculation rules:

[0143]

[0144] And / or make at least one mass flow rate measurement value X m The following calculation rules must be met:

[0145]

[0146] Furthermore, it has been surprisingly discovered that the mass flow rate measurement value X is included in the calculation of the mass flow rate measurement value. m The coefficient k2 in the above calculation rule for the (damping) correction value ΔD12 can also be advantageously designed as a transducer type-specific or measurement system series-specific calibration constant, for example, such that the coefficient k2 can be predetermined based on laboratory measurements performed on one or more samples of the transducer type or measurement system series, and correspondingly reused in other measurement systems, each formed by the same type of transducer or belonging to the same (measurement system) series, or included in the corresponding phase difference versus mass flow measurement characteristic curve function of the measurement system. The (damping) correction value ΔD12 can also be calculated, for example, in the measurement system electronics unit 20 based on the aforementioned mass values ​​XD1 and XD2, for example, such that the (damping) correction value ΔD12 is formed by the product of the square power of the reciprocal of the mass values ​​XD2 and XD1 (ΔD12 ~ 1 / XD1). 2 XD2). Alternatively or additionally, however, the (damping) correction value ΔD12 can also be determined, for example, as a function of the second vibration velocity, the square of the (current) amplitude of the (useful) current component eN1, the reciprocal of the (current) amplitude of the (useful) current component eN2, and the reciprocal of the square of the first vibration velocity, by using the first and second velocity values ​​and the first and second current measurements described above.

[0147] According to another embodiment, the measurement system electronics unit is further configured to store at least one (damping) correction value ΔD12 or multiple (damping) correction values ​​determined in a time sequence, i.e., for example, in the aforementioned non-volatile data memory EEPROM and / or in this manner, storing at least one initially determined (damping) correction value as a measurement system-specific reference value. Since the first and second modal damping (D1, D2) or (damping) correction value ΔD12 respectively correspond to or depend on the aforementioned drive offset ΔE, the first and second modal damping (D1, D2) or (damping) correction value ΔD12 can also be used, respectively, as a measure of or calculation of the drive offset ΔE. For example, the (damping) correction value ΔD12 can be initially or pre-determined by the manufacturer of the measurement system under the aforementioned reference conditions using a calibration fluid, and can be stored in the measurement system electronic unit 20, for example, in the aforementioned non-volatile data memory (EEPROM), so that it can later be used as a reference value representing a properly functioning measurement system, for example during the startup of the measurement system and / or during the (re)calibration of the measurement system, which can be compared with one or more (damping) correction values ​​currently determined by the calibration fluid. Any changes in the transducer that may cause changes in drive offset ΔE, particularly those that may occur due to overload, such as high (excessive) temperature or temperature shock, excessive pressure or pressure fluctuations in the measured substance, excessive clamping force and / or excessive vibration applied to the transducer on a part of the production line, the nature of the measured substance transmitted in the transducer for damage to at least one tube (especially corrosive or abrasive nature), or due to material fatigue, can be reported by the measurement system electronics unit 20 itself to, for example, the aforementioned (measurement) data processing system and / or on-site in the form of a system status or fault message declared as an alarm. Therefore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 according to another embodiment of the invention is also configured to perform (self)diagnostics of the measurement system based on vibration signals s1, s2 and / or drive signal e1 (i.e., based on at least one first useful signal component (s1N1; s2N1) and at least one second useful signal component (s1N2; s2N2) and / or based on first and second (useful) current components (eN1, eN2) or by using (damping) correction value ΔD12). For example, this can also be performed on-site, i.e., at the measurement point formed by the transducer or the measurement system, and / or immediately after the transducer is inserted into the transducer protective housing, which may also be mechanically connected to the production line system, using a transducer integrated in the aforementioned production line. The aforementioned (self)diagnostics can be performed intermittently, for example, during startup of the measurement system or the measurement point formed therefrom, during (re)calibration, and / or during (normal) measurement operation.Therefore, the ratio D1 / D2 (D1 / D2 ~ XD2 / XD1 = ΔD12 / XD1) of the (modal) damping D2, which increases too rapidly and / or continuously over time, and the first and second (modal) dampings (D1, D2) or (damping) correction value ΔD12, which varies greatly over time (e.g., continuously increasing or continuously decreasing), can be used, for example, as an indicator of the presence of a transducer fault, along with the substantially constant material parameters (density ρ, viscosity η, pressure, temperature, ...) of the measured substance, and / or the (damping) correction value ΔD12, which fluctuates greatly or is significantly dispersed, can be used as an indicator of the presence of a fault caused by the measured substance itself (e.g., by foreign matter or bubbles entrained in the measured substance). This applies to one or more of the aforementioned (system) parameters (i.e., particularly the resonant frequency (f) of at least one tube). 2n+1 f 2n+2The (parameter) measurements determined by the associated (modal) damping (i.e., mass values ​​(XD1, XD2) or (damping) correction value ΔD12, for example, representing (modal) damping (D1, D2)) can be further used to cyclically determine the dispersion measure for the corresponding (system) parameter. Such a dispersion measure can be, for example, the empirical variance or span of the corresponding (system) parameter or the separately determined first and second mass values ​​and / or (damping) correction value ΔD12. The determined dispersion measure can also be used for (self)diagnostics, for example, such that if the corresponding (system) parameter has a low dispersion measure, i.e., a dispersion measure below a corresponding specified threshold, at most a (mechanical) fault of the transducer can be inferred, and / or a (system) parameter with a dispersion measure above a corresponding specified threshold will not trigger any such fault notification, even if a comparison of its parameter value with the corresponding reference value would initially indicate this. Furthermore, (system) parameters with a dispersion measure higher than the correspondingly specified threshold can be used as indicators of strongly fluctuating material parameters, for example, as a result of foreign matter and / or bubbles in the measured material. Additionally, the dispersion measure determined by the measurement system electronics unit 20 can also be output, for example, displayed on-site, and / or transmitted to the aforementioned (measurement) data processing system. Alternatively or additionally, the determined parameter values ​​for one or more of the aforementioned (system) parameters can be further used to cyclically determine changes over time, i.e., for example, the trend and / or rate of change and / or percentage of change of the corresponding (system) parameter. The determined time variation can also be used for (self)diagnosis, for example, to determine an increased transducer malfunction in the case of a decrease in damping D2 or a change in the (damping) correction value ΔD2 increasing at a rate of change within a specified measurement range, and / or to output a message indicating an increased malfunction, particularly a message declared as a (malfunction) alarm. Furthermore, the time variation, rate of change, or speed of change determined by the measurement system electronics unit 20 can also be output, for example, displayed on-site, and / or transmitted to the aforementioned (measurement) data processing system. Therefore, the measurement system electronics unit 20 can also be designed to compare at least one currently determined (damping) correction value ΔD12 and / or at least one parameter value representing the current rate of change (Δ / Δt) or rate of change (d / dt) of the (damping) correction value ΔD12 and / or at least one parameter value representing the current (time) dispersion of the (damping) correction value ΔD12 with one or more thresholds specified for this purpose (e.g., calculated based on one or more initially determined (damping) correction values), at least one of which represents an out-of-specification transducer and / or an unacceptably large drive offset ΔE. Alternatively or additionally, the measurement system electronics unit 20 can also be configured to at least qualitatively measure, through at least one of the vibration signals s1, s2 and / or the drive signal e1, i.e., by using, for example, the (damping) correction value. ΔD12This is to determine the extent of the drive offset ΔE, and / or, for example, to perform a check of the measurement system during field self-diagnosis.

[0148] The aforementioned self-diagnostic capabilities of the measurement system can be performed, for example, during test intervals reserved for this purpose, such as occasionally repeated test intervals, or test intervals lasting longer than 10 ms, advantageously longer than 100 ms, and particularly not less than 1 s. Test intervals can be time-limited, for example, less than 1 minute, but can be initiated cyclically, for example, by commands from outside the measurement system and / or automatically (i.e., by the measurement system electronics itself in a time-controlled and / or event-controlled manner). For example, the measurement system electronics can be configured to start a test interval when the analyte FL is detected as flowing statically, and / or end a test interval when the analyte FL is detected as flowing non-statically or when measurement conditions and / or measurement variables are rapidly changed. Therefore, according to another embodiment of the invention, the measurement system electronics is used to automatically start and / or end test intervals and / or is capable of receiving and executing one or more commands to start a test interval. According to another embodiment of the invention, the measurement system electronics are further configured to initiate a test interval during normal measurement operation or during excitation of the first useful vibration, such that a drive signal e1 having a second (useful) current component eN2 is provided; for example, this causes the drive signal e1 to also at least intermittently contain the first (useful) current component eN1, such that the second useful vibration and the first useful vibration are excited simultaneously, and thus the first and second useful vibrations are at least intermittently superimposed on each other during the test interval.

Claims

1. An electronic vibration measurement system, - The measurement system is configured to measure at least one flow parameter; - and the measurement system includes: -- Transducer (10) --- It has a tube assembly for conducting the flow of the analyte. --- An actuator assembly having an exciter assembly for converting electrical power into mechanical power for exciting and maintaining forced mechanical vibration of the tube assembly. --- and having a sensor assembly for detecting mechanical vibrations of the tube assembly and for providing vibration signals representing the vibrational motion of the tube assembly respectively; -- and a measurement system electronic unit (20) electrically connected to the transducer, wherein the measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to at least intermittently feed an electric drive signal (e1) to the vibration exciter; - Wherein, the tube assembly has at least one tube (111). -- The tube extends from a first end to a second end along its length and has a lumen surrounded by a tube wall that extends from the first end to the second end. -- and the tube is configured to allow the analyte to flow through it at least in the flow direction from the first tube end to the second tube end, and is simultaneously permitted to vibrate. -- And wherein, inherent in the tube assembly are multiple vibration modes of natural vibration forms, each having associated modal damping (D1, D2, ..., Dx) and associated resonant frequencies (f1, f2, ..., fx) thus determined, in which the at least one tube is capable of performing damped vibrational motions, each having one or more antinodes and two or more nodes, such that: -- In the basic vibration mode, that is, the first-order vibration mode, the vibration motion of the tube has exactly one antinode and two nodes. -- and the vibration motion of the tube in harmonic mode, i.e., second-order or higher-order vibration mode, has two or more antinodes and three or more nodes. - Wherein, the exciter assembly has at least one vibration exciter (31). -- The vibration exciter (31) is mechanically connected to the at least one tube; -- And the vibration exciter (31) is configured to convert electrical power with time-varying current into mechanical power, such that a time-varying driving force acts on the tube at a drive point formed on the tube mechanically connected to the vibration exciter. -- Wherein, the vibration exciter (31) is positioned and aligned such that the drive offset (ΔE) between the drive cross-sectional area of ​​the tube surrounded by the imaginary circumference of the tube passing through the drive point and a specific reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube, i.e., the minimum distance is no greater than 3 mm and / or less than 0.5% of the tube length, wherein the vibration node formed between the two antinodes of the vibration motion of the at least one tube in the second-order or higher-order vibration mode is located within the reference cross-sectional area. - Wherein, the sensor assembly includes a first vibration sensor, -- The first vibration sensor is positioned on the pipe in the flow direction. -- And the first vibration sensor is configured to detect the vibrational motion of the at least one tube and convert it into a first vibration signal representing the vibrational motion; - And wherein the sensor assembly has at least one second vibration sensor, -- The second vibration sensor is positioned on the pipe in the flow direction. -- and the second vibration sensor is configured to detect the vibrational motion of the at least one tube and convert it into a second vibration signal representing the vibrational motion; - Wherein, the measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to feed the electric drive signal (e1) to the vibration exciter (31); -- At least intermittently utilize a frequency with a first frequency (f eN1 The first useful vibration is excited by the first current component (eN1) of the first current amplitude and the first useful current component (eN1), i.e., the mechanical vibration of the at least one tube forced by the excited vibration exciter and having a first useful frequency (fN1), i.e., the vibration frequency corresponding to the first frequency, such that... --- The first frequency (f eN1 The resonant frequency (f) of the odd-order vibration modes 2n+1 The deviation is less than the resonant frequency (f) 2n+1 The resonant frequency (f) is 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, wherein the resonant frequency (f) is less than 1 Hz. 2n+1 The first modal damping (D1) corresponds to or depends on the odd-order vibration mode. --- Furthermore, the first or second vibration signal generated by the first and second vibration sensors each has a first useful signal component (s1N1; s2N1), that is, a sinusoidal signal component corresponding to the signal frequency of the first useful frequency (fN1), that is, also has a phase angle depending on the mass flow rate of the analyte flowing through the at least one tube in each case. -- and at least intermittently utilize a second frequency (f) eN2 The second useful current component (eN2) of the second current amplitude is used to generate the second useful vibration, which is forced by the excited vibration exciter and has the second useful frequency (fN2), that is, the mechanical vibration of the tube corresponding to the vibration frequency of the second frequency, so that... --- The second frequency (f eN2 The resonant frequency (f) of even-order vibration modes 2n+2 The deviation is less than the resonant frequency (f) 2n+2 The resonant frequency (f) is 1% and / or less than 1 Hz, wherein the resonant frequency (f) is less than 1 Hz. 2n+2 The second modal damping (D2) corresponds to or depends on the even-order vibration mode. --- Furthermore, the first or second vibration signal generated by the first and second vibration sensors each has a second useful signal component (s1N2; s2N2), that is, a sinusoidal signal component corresponding to the signal frequency (fN2). - And wherein the measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to determine a measured value representing at least one flow parameter of the analyte based on the first useful signal component (s1N1; s2N1), and based on at least one of the second useful signal component (s1N2; s2N2) and / or the second useful current component (eN2).

2. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The electronic vibration measurement system is a Coriolis mass flow rate measurement device or a Coriolis mass flow rate / density measurement device.

3. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The measurement system is designed as an online measurement device and / or a compact measurement device.

4. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The measurement system is configured to measure at least one flow parameter of a fluid substance being measured flowing in a pipeline and / or hose line.

5. The measurement system according to claim 4, wherein, The fluid being measured is a gas, liquid, or dispersion.

6. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one flow parameter is mass flow rate and / or volumetric flow rate and / or flow rate.

7. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is electrically connected to both the exciter assembly and the sensor assembly of the transducer, and / or formed and / or arranged in an electronic protective housing via electrical connection lines.

8. The measurement system according to claim 7, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is formed and / or arranged in the electronic protective housing by at least one microprocessor.

9. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one tube (111) is at least partially bent and / or at least partially straight and / or the first tube.

10. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The tube extends from the first tube end to the second tube end with a tube length greater than 100 mm.

11. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The pipe wall is a metal pipe wall.

12. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The first-order vibration mode is a first-order bending vibration mode.

13. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The second-order or higher-order vibration mode is a second-order or higher-order bending vibration mode.

14. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The actuator assembly has a single and / or electrodynamic vibration actuator (31).

15. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The drive offset (ΔE) is determined using either the complete or original transducer.

16. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The minimum distance is less than 2 mm and / or less than 0.2% of the tube length.

17. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The second-order or higher-order vibration mode deviates from the first-order vibration mode.

18. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The vibration node of the vibration motion is nominally located at half the length of the pipe.

19. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The first vibration sensor is an electrodynamic or photoelectric first vibration sensor.

20. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The first vibration sensor is at least partially mechanically connected to the tube.

21. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The first vibration signal is an electrical or optical first vibration signal and the second vibration signal is an electrical or optical second vibration signal.

22. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The first vibration sensor is configured to detect the vibrational motion of the at least one tube and convert it into a first vibration signal representing the vibrational motion, such that the first vibration signal includes one or more sinusoidal signal components, each of which has a frequency corresponding to the vibrational frequency of the tube's vibrational motion.

23. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one second vibration sensor is an electrodynamic or photoelectric second vibration sensor.

24. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The second vibration sensor is at least partially mechanically connected to the tube.

25. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The second vibration sensor is configured to detect the vibrational motion of the at least one tube and convert it into a second vibration signal representing the vibrational motion, such that the second vibration signal includes one or more sinusoidal signal components, each of which has a frequency corresponding to the vibrational frequency of the tube's vibrational motion.

26. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The first current amplitude is a specified and / or variable amplitude.

27. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The first frequency is the first AC frequency.

28. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The odd-order vibration modes are the fundamental vibration modes.

29. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The second current amplitude is a specified and / or variable amplitude.

30. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The second frequency is the second AC frequency.

31. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The second frequency (f) eN2 ) and the resonant frequency (f) of the second-order vibration mode 2n+2 The deviation is less than the resonant frequency (f) 2n+2 0.1% and / or less than 0.1 Hz.

32. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The second frequency (f) eN2 The resonant frequency (f) corresponding to the even-order vibration mode. 2n+2 ).

33. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to determine a mass flow rate measurement value representing the mass flow rate of the measured substance based on the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component (s1N1) of the first vibration signal (s1) and the phase angle of the first useful signal component (s2N1) of the second vibration signal (s2), and based on at least one of the second useful signal component (s1N2; s2N2) and / or the second useful current component (eN2).

34. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The first useful frequency deviates from the resonance frequency f1 of the first-order bending vibration mode by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz.

35. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The first useful frequency deviates from the resonant frequency f3 of the third-order vibration mode inherent in the at least one tube by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz. That is, corresponding to the resonant frequency f3, in the third-order vibration mode, the vibration motion of the tube has exactly three vibration antinodes and four vibration nodes.

36. The measurement system according to claim 35, wherein, The third-order vibration mode is a third-order bending vibration mode.

37. The measurement system according to claim 35, wherein, In the third-order vibration mode, the first vibration node of the vibration motion of at least one tube is located in the first tube end, and in the third-order vibration mode, the second vibration node of the vibration motion of at least one tube is located in the second tube end.

38. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The second useful frequency deviates from the resonant frequency f2 of the inherent second-order vibration mode f2 in the at least one tube by less than 1% and / or less than 1 Hz. That is, corresponding to the resonant frequency f2, in the vibration mode, the vibration motion of the tube has exactly two vibration antinodes and three vibration nodes.

39. The measurement system according to claim 38, wherein, The second-order vibration mode is a second-order bending vibration mode.

40. The measurement system according to claim 38, - Wherein, in the second-order vibration mode, the first vibration node of the vibration motion of the at least one tube is located in the first tube end, and in the second-order vibration mode, the second vibration node of the vibration motion of the at least one tube is located in the second tube end; and / or - in, The vibration node formed between the two antinodes of the vibration motion of at least one tube in the second-order vibration mode, located at half the length of the tube, is located within the reference cross-sectional area. - and / or wherein the principal axis of inertia of the at least one tube, perpendicular to the vibration direction of the tube's vibrational motion in the second-order vibration mode, is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube.

41. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, -in, The drive offset (ΔE) corresponds to the distance between the centroid of the drive cross-sectional region of the tube and the centroid of the reference cross-sectional region of the at least one tube; and / or - Wherein, the line of action of the driving force is perpendicular to the normal to the driving cross-sectional region of the tube; and / or - Wherein, the intersection line of two mutually orthogonal symmetrical planes of the at least one tube is located within the reference cross-sectional area; and / or - Wherein, the principal axis of inertia of the at least one tube, perpendicular to the driving force, is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube; and / or - Wherein, the drive offset (ΔE) is caused by manufacturing tolerances in the production of the actuator assembly; and / or - Wherein, the drive offset (ΔE) is caused by the manufacturing tolerances of the tube assembly.

42. The measurement system according to claim 41, wherein, The drive offset (ΔE) is caused by the tolerance of the positioning of the vibration exciter on at least one tube and / or by the tolerance of the positioning of the tube assembly within the transducer protective housing.

43. The measurement system according to claim 41, wherein, The drive offset (ΔE) is caused by the manufacturing tolerances of the at least one tube.

44. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, - in, The measurement system electronic unit is configured to provide a second useful current to the drive signal (e1) at least intermittently, simultaneously with the first useful current component, such that the amplitude of the first useful current component is adjusted to be not less than the amplitude of the second useful current component and / or the amplitude of the second useful current is adjusted to be greater than 40% of the amplitude of the first useful current component; and / or - Wherein, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to adjust the second AC frequency according to the first AC frequency, such that the second AC frequency is within a frequency setting interval, wherein the upper limit and / or lower limit and / or center frequency of the frequency setting interval corresponds to a specified multiple of the first AC frequency.

45. The measurement system according to claim 44, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit is configured to provide a second useful current to the drive signal (e1) at least intermittently, simultaneously with the first useful current component, such that the amplitude of the second useful current is adjusted to be not less than 50% of the amplitude of the first useful current component.

46. ​​The measurement system according to claim 44, wherein, The upper and / or lower limits of the frequency setting interval and / or the center frequency correspond to multiples of the first AC frequency that are greater than 230% and / or less than 300% of the first AC frequency.

47. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, - in, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to simultaneously feed the first and second useful currents of the drive signal to the vibration exciter within two vibration cycles and / or a time interval greater than 10 ms that is not less than the first useful current component. and / or - Wherein, the measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to turn on the second useful current component during the feeding of the first useful current component, that is, to turn off the second useful current component again after a time interval of not less than two vibration cycles and / or greater than 1s of the first useful current component.

48. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, - in, The electronic unit of the measurement system has a digital first phase-locked loop for adjusting the first AC frequency. - And wherein the measurement system electronic unit has a digital second phase-locked loop for adjusting the second AC frequency.

49. The measurement system according to claim 48, wherein, The measurement system electronics unit is configured to adjust the capture range of the second phase-locked loop by at least one output signal of the first phase-locked loop and / or based on the first AC frequency.

50. The measurement system according to claim 49, wherein, The at least one output signal of the first phase-locked loop is the output signal of the loop filter of the first phase-locked loop.

51. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system also includes a support frame (100), wherein the support frame and the tube assembly are detachably fastened to each other, and wherein the actuator assembly and / or the sensor assembly are partially attached to the support frame.

52. The measurement system according to claim 51, wherein, The support frame (100) is a metal support frame and / or a support frame designed as a transducer protective housing.

53. The measurement system according to claim 51, wherein, The at least one vibration exciter and / or the first and second vibration sensors are partially attached to the support frame.

54. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system also includes an electronic protective housing (200) for the measurement system electronic unit (20), the electronic protective housing being fastened to the support frame of the transducer or the transducer protective housing and / or metal.

55. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, Apart from the vibration exciter, the transducer does not have any other vibration exciter mechanically connected to the at least one tube (111).

56. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, - in, The measurement system electronics are configured to determine at least one first mass value based on the first useful signal component (s1N1; s2N1) of at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or the first useful current component (eN1) of the drive signal, wherein the first mass value represents a measure of the first modal damping (D1), or depends on the first modal damping (D1), and - wherein the measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine at least one second mass value based on the second useful signal component (s1N2; s2N2) of at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or the second useful current component (eN1) of the drive signal, wherein the second mass value represents a measure of the second modal damping (D2) or depends on the second modal damping (D2).

57. The measurement system according to claim 56, wherein, The first quality value is a digital first quality value.

58. The measurement system according to claim 56, wherein, The first mass value represents either the mass (1 / D1) of the first useful vibration or the damping ratio of the first useful vibration.

59. The measurement system according to claim 56, wherein, The second quality value is a digital second quality value.

60. The measurement system according to claim 56, wherein, The second mass value represents the mass (1 / D2) of the second useful vibration or the damping ratio of the second useful vibration.

61. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, - in, The electronic unit of the measurement system is configured to determine a measured value that at least temporarily represents the at least one flow parameter of the analyte based on a measured phase difference, i.e., the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component (s1N1) of the first vibration signal (s1) and the phase angle of the first useful signal component (s2N1) of the second vibration signal (s2). - and among them, The measurement system electronics are configured to determine, based on the first and second vibration signals (s1, s2) and / or the drive signal (e1), at least one first useful signal component (s1N1; s2N1) and at least one second useful signal component (s1N2; s2N2) and / or based on the first and second useful current components (eN1, eN2), for the measurement phase difference and / or a measurement value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference, such that the damping correction value corresponds to the first and second modal damping, or is a function of the first and second modal damping, and / or is subtracted from the measurement phase difference and / or from the measurement value temporarily determined based on the measurement phase difference.

62. The measurement system according to claim 61, wherein, The measured value of at least one flow parameter of the analyte is at least a temporary mass flow rate measurement representing the mass flow rate of the analyte.

63. The measurement system according to claim 61, wherein, The damping correction value is a digital damping correction value.

64. The measurement system according to claim 56, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine the damping correction value using the first and second mass values, such that the damping correction value corresponds to a function of the mass (1 / D2) of the second useful vibration or the reciprocal of the damping ratio of the second useful vibration and the square of the damping ratio of the first useful vibration or the reciprocal of the mass (1 / D1) of the first useful vibration.

65. The measurement system according to claim 61, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit is configured to determine the damping correction value using the first and second mass values, such that the damping correction value corresponds to a function of the mass (1 / D2) of the second useful vibration or the reciprocal of the damping ratio of the second useful vibration and the square of the damping ratio of the first useful vibration or the reciprocal of the mass (1 / D1) of the first useful vibration.

66. The measurement system according to claim 61, - in, The damping correction value corresponds to the drive offset (ΔE), that is, depends on the drive offset (ΔE) and / or the measure of the drive offset (ΔE); and / or - Wherein, the damping correction value corresponds to the first and second modal damping, or is a function of the first and second modal damping, such that the damping correction value corresponds to a function of the mass (1 / D2) of the second useful vibration or the reciprocal of the damping ratio of the second useful vibration and the square of the damping ratio of the first useful vibration or the reciprocal of the mass (1 / D1) of the first useful vibration; and / or - Wherein, the damping correction value corresponds to a function of the product of the square of the mass of the first useful vibration (1 / D1) and the mass of the second useful vibration (1 / D2) or the product of the square of the reciprocal of the damping ratio of the first useful vibration and the square of the reciprocal of the damping ratio of the second useful vibration; and / or - Wherein, the amount of the damping correction value decreases with increasing first modal damping (D1) and / or increases with increasing second modal damping (D2); and / or - Wherein, the damping correction value is the square power of the first modal damping (D1) (D1) 2 The ratio of the second modal damping (D1) to the second modal damping (D2) 2 / D2) proportional; and / or - Wherein, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to store the damping correction value in a non-volatile data memory, and / or such that the damping correction value is stored as a reference value specific to the measurement system, and / or included in the measurement function of the measurement system, the measurement system converting the at least one flow parameter to be measured into a corresponding measurement value according to the measurement function; and / or - Wherein, the measurement system electronics unit is configured to compare the damping correction value with an initial damping correction value determined in advance under reference conditions and / or during startup of the measurement system and / or during recalibration of the measurement system and / or using another structurally identical measurement system, and is stored in the measurement system electronics unit and / or used as a reference value; and / or - Wherein, the measurement system electronics are configured to compare the damping correction value with at least one threshold specified for it and representing a transducer that exceeds specifications and / or an unacceptable large drive offset (ΔE); and / or - Wherein, the measurement system electronics unit is configured to determine the degree of the drive offset (ΔE) by using the damping correction value via at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal, and / or perform checks on the measurement system; and / or - wherein the measurement system electronics unit (20) is configured to perform self-diagnosis and / or recalibration of the measurement system in a transducer integrated in the pipeline system by using the damping correction value and / or by the measurement system electronics unit electrically connected to the transducer.

67. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to determine a first velocity value based on at least one of the first and second vibration signals, the first velocity value representing a first vibration velocity, i.e., the velocity of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube performing the first useful vibration, and to store the first velocity value in a non-volatile data memory.

68. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to determine at least one second velocity value based on at least one of the first and second vibration signals, the at least one second velocity value representing a second vibration velocity, i.e., the velocity of the vibrational motion of the at least one tube performing the second useful vibration, and to store the at least one second velocity value in a non-volatile data memory.

69. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to determine at least one first current measurement value representing the first useful current component (eN1) based on the drive signal (e1), and store the at least one first current measurement value in a non-volatile data memory.

70. The measurement system according to claim 69, wherein, The first current measurement value is a digital first current measurement value.

71. The measurement system according to claim 69, wherein, The first current measurement value is the current amplitude of the first useful current component (eN1) or the effective value of the first useful current component (eN1).

72. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to determine at least one second current measurement value representing the second useful current component (eN2) based on the drive signal (e1), and store the at least one second current measurement value in a non-volatile data memory.

73. The measurement system according to claim 72, wherein, The second current measurement value is a digital second current measurement value.

74. The measurement system according to claim 72, wherein, The second current measurement value is the amplitude of the second useful current component (eN2) or the effective value of the second useful current component (eN2).

75. The measurement system according to claim 72, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to determine the damping correction value by means of the first and second velocity values ​​and the first and second current measurements, as a function of the first vibration velocity, the square of the current amplitude of the second useful current component (eN2), the reciprocal of the current amplitude of the first useful current component (eN1), and the reciprocal of the square of the second vibration velocity.

76. The measurement system according to claim 72, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to determine the damping correction value as a function of the first vibration velocity, the square of the current amplitude of the second useful current component (eN2), the reciprocal of the current amplitude of the first useful current component (eN1), and the reciprocal of the square of the second vibration velocity, by using the first and second velocity values ​​and the first and second current measurements.

77. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, - in, The first useful signal components (s1N1; s2N1) of the first and second vibration signals follow the change of the mass flow rate of the measured substance conducted in the tube with the change of the measurement phase difference of the first useful signal component, that is, the difference between the phase angle of the first useful signal component (s1N1) of the first vibration signal (s1) and the phase angle of the first useful signal component (s2N1) of the second vibration signal (s2). - And wherein the measurement system electronic unit is configured to generate a mass flow measurement value representing the mass flow rate based on the measurement phase difference of the first useful signal components (s1N1; s2N1).

78. The measurement system according to claim 77, wherein, In the electronic unit of the measurement system, a phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function is configured. Based on the phase difference versus measured value characteristic curve function, the electronic unit of the measurement system can determine the mass flow rate measurement value representing the mass flow rate of the measured substance based on the measured phase difference, such that the first and second mode damping is considered in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measurement value characteristic curve function, or the damping correction value is included in the phase difference versus mass flow rate measurement value characteristic curve function.

79. The measurement system according to claim 78, - in, The first and second modal damping are considered in the characteristic curve function of phase difference versus mass flow rate measurement, or the damping correction value is included in the characteristic curve function of phase difference versus mass flow rate measurement, such that the product of the square of the first modal damping (D1) and the reciprocal of the second modal damping (D2) is considered in the characteristic curve function of phase difference versus mass flow rate measurement, and / or the product of the square of the reciprocal of the mass of the first useful vibration (1 / D1) and the mass of the second useful vibration (1 / D2) is included; and / or - Wherein, the electronic unit of the measurement system is configured to examine the phase difference versus the characteristic curve function of the measured value by using the damping correction value through at least one of the first and second vibration signals and / or the drive signal.

80. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system electronics unit (20) is configured to perform self-diagnosis and / or recalibration of the measurement system based on the first and second vibration signals (s1, s2) and / or the drive signal (e1), based on at least one first useful signal component (s1N1; s2N1) and at least one second useful signal component (s1N2, s2N2) and / or based on the first and second useful current components (eN1, eN2), in the transducer integrated in the pipeline system and / or through the measurement system electronics unit electrically connected to the transducer.

81. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) has a non-volatile data memory (EEPROM) configured to store first and second quality values ​​and / or damping correction values ​​without an applied operating voltage.

82. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, - Wherein, the vibration exciter (31) is formed by a vibration coil having an air coil and an armature; and / or - in, Each of the first and second vibration sensors is formed by a plunger coil, which has an air coil and an armature.

83. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The vibration exciter (31) has a magnetoarmature and a coil, wherein the magnetoarmature is formed by a permanent magnet, the coil is submerged in the magnetic field of the armature, and the coil is an air coil.

84. The measurement system according to claim 83, - in, The magnetoarmature is mechanically connected to the at least one tube to form the drive point; and / or - The coil is electrically connected to the electronic unit of the measurement system and is configured to receive the drive signal (e1) and conduct its first and second useful currents (eN1, eN2).

85. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, - in, The electronic unit of the measurement system is configured to follow the change in density of the analyte conducted in the tube as a function of the first AC frequency of the driving signal. - And wherein the measurement system electronic unit is configured to generate a density measurement value representing the density based on the first AC frequency of the drive signal and / or based on the signal frequency of the first useful signal component of at least one of the vibration signals (s1N1; s2N1).

86. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system electronics are configured to provide the second useful current component (eN2) to the drive signal (e1) during test intervals that last for more than 10 ms and / or are limited in time and / or are initiated by a sine wave with the second AC frequency.

87. The measurement system according to claim 86, - in, In each case, the test interval lasts for more than 100ms; and / or - Wherein, the measurement system electronic unit is configured to automatically, in a time-controlled manner, cyclically start and / or end the test interval; and / or - The measurement system electronic unit is configured to receive and execute one or more commands to initiate the test interval.

88. The measurement system according to claim 87, wherein, The test interval in each case shall last for no less than 1 second.

89. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The pipe wall is made of steel, titanium alloy and / or zirconium alloy, and / or tantalum alloy.

90. The measurement system according to claim 89, wherein, The steel is stainless steel, duplex steel, or super duplex steel.

91. The measurement system according to claim 89, wherein, The zirconium alloy is a zirconium-tin alloy.

92. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The tube has a diameter greater than 0.1 mm.

93. The measurement system according to claim 92, wherein, The tube has an inner diameter greater than 0.5 mm.

94. The measurement system according to claim 92, - Wherein, the tube has a diameter-to-length ratio greater than 0.08 and / or less than 0.25; - and / or among them, The length of the tube is greater than 200 mm and / or less than 2000 mm; - and / or wherein the tube has a diameter greater than 10 mm.

95. The measurement system according to claim 94, wherein, The tube has a diameter-to-length ratio greater than 0.1 and / or less than 0.

2.

96. The measurement system according to claim 94, wherein, The length of the tube is greater than 500 mm and / or less than 1500 mm.

97. The measurement system according to claim 94, wherein, The tube has a diameter greater than 15 mm.

98. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, - in, Apart from the vibration actuator (31), the actuator assembly has no other vibration actuator connected to the tube; and / or - Wherein, the vibration exciter (31) is positioned and aligned such that the drive offset is less than 0.5 mm, or such that the centroid of the drive cross-sectional area of ​​the tube corresponds to or coincides with the drive reference point, and / or - Wherein, each of the first-order vibration mode and the second-order vibration mode of the tube has a first vibration node located at the first tube end of the at least one tube and a second vibration node located at the second tube end of the at least one tube; and / or - Wherein, the tube is partially curved such that the tube has a central vertex arc segment and / or such that exactly one principal axis of inertia of the at least one tube is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube; and / or - Wherein, the tube is partially straight, such that the three principal axes of inertia of the at least one tube are located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube, and / or the center of mass is located within the reference cross-sectional area of ​​the at least one tube.

99. The measurement system according to claim 98, wherein, The vibration exciter (31) is positioned and aligned such that the drive offset is zero.

100. The measurement system according to claim 98, wherein, The tube is in the shape of an arc and / or a V.

101. The measurement system according to claim 98, wherein, The tube is straight along its entire length.

102. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The tube assembly has at least one second tube (112), which is at least partially curved and / or at least partially straight, and / or structurally identical to and / or at least partially parallel to the first tube.

103. The measurement system according to claim 102, - wherein the vibration exciter (31) is partially mechanically connected to the first tube and partially mechanically connected to both the second tube; and / or - in, The vibration exciter (31) is configured to act differentially on the first and second tubes, such that the first and second tubes simultaneously perform opposite forced mechanical vibrations of equal frequency; and / or - Wherein, the vibration exciter (31) is configured to convert electrical power with time-varying current into mechanical power, such that the time-varying driving force acts on the second tube at a driving point formed on the second tube mechanically connected thereto through the vibration exciter; and / or - Wherein, the vibration exciter (31) is configured to simultaneously convert the electrical power fed in by the electrical drive signal (e1) into forced mechanical vibration of the first and second tubes, such that the first and second tubes simultaneously perform forced mechanical vibration at the first useful frequency and / or the second useful frequency.

104. The measurement system according to claim 103, wherein, The time-varying driving force and the driving force acting on the first tube at the driving point formed on the first tube mechanically connected by the vibration exciter act simultaneously and / or oppositely on the second tube.

105. The measurement system according to claim 103, - Wherein, the second tube extends with a tube length from the first tube end to the second tube end and has a lumen surrounded by a metal tube wall, extending from the first tube end to the second tube end. - and among them, The second tube is configured to be simultaneously passed through by the analyte in the flow direction from the end of the first tube to the end of the second tube, and is simultaneously allowed to vibrate.

106. The measurement system according to claim 105, - in, The pipe assembly has a first and / or inlet-side splitter (21), which serves as a pipeline branching unit and has at least two flow openings. - and wherein the pipe assembly has a second and / or outlet-side splitter (22), the second and / or outlet-side splitter (22) being structurally identical to the first splitter (21) and / or serving as a pipeline merging unit, and having at least two flow openings.

107. The measurement system according to claim 106, wherein, Each of the first and second tubes of the tube assembly is respectively connected to each of the first and second distributors, forming parallel flow channels for the fluid, such that - The first pipe extends from its first end to the first flow opening of the first splitter (21), and from its second end to the first flow opening of the second splitter (22). - And the second tube is connected at its first tube end to the second flow opening of the first splitter (21), and at its second tube end to the second flow opening of the second splitter (22).

108. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The first frequency (f) eN1 ) corresponds to the resonance frequency (f1) of the odd-order vibration mode.

109. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The second useful vibration is adapted to induce a Coriolis force in a analyte having a non-zero mass flow rate through the at least one tube.

110. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The measurement system electronic unit (20) is configured to feed the electric drive signal (e1) to the vibration exciter (31) simultaneously with the first useful current component using the sinusoidal second useful current component.

111. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The line of action of the driving force is perpendicular to the normal to the driving cross-sectional region of the tube.

112. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The first vibration sensor is positioned on the pipe in the flow direction at a distance greater than 10 mm from the vibration exciter and / or greater than one-fifth of the pipe length.

113. The measurement system according to any one of claims 1-37, wherein, The second vibration sensor is positioned on the pipe at a distance greater than 10 mm from the vibration exciter and / or greater than one-fifth of the pipe length in the flow direction and / or at a distance from the first vibration sensor in the flow direction.

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