A lithium battery safety recycling device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lithium battery safety recycling device; the device rolls up shredded materials through a cloth belt woven from glass fibers; the glass fibers have extremely high fire resistance and the wear-resistant end toughness is sufficient to bear the curling and wrapping of the shredded materials; the wrapped materials are equivalent to being covered by a fire blanket, which can effectively prevent the shredded materials from catching fire; at the same time, all the shredded materials can be effectively retained; after being rolled up for a period of time, they are released into a material receiving box and can be directly subjected to the next step of fine crushing and sorting, so that the primary crushing of lithium batteries is safer and more reliable, and there is no secondary mixing pollution, additional screening steps and other problems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium battery recycling equipment, in particular to a lithium battery safety recycling device. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread popularization of lithium battery technology, the demand for lithium batteries is also increasing. Under the influence of supply and demand, the price of raw materials for lithium battery production is also soaring. Therefore, the single mineral smelting capacity can no longer meet the increasing demand for lithium battery raw materials. The recycling and reuse of old lithium batteries is becoming more and more important.

[0003] However, due to the characteristics of lithium batteries, incompletely discharged lithium batteries are very likely to cause fire and explosion when they are crushed and recycled. Therefore, used lithium batteries need to be completely discharged before recycling. At present, the lithium battery discharge method adopted in the industry is salt water immersion. The lithium battery is placed in a salt water pool and soaked for dozens of hours, which undoubtedly causes the production cycle to be extended and the production efficiency to be reduced. Nevertheless, due to the inconsistency of the internal charge of the lithium battery before discharge, even after a long period of discharge, it cannot be completely guaranteed that the lithium battery is fully discharged. Therefore, there is still a risk of combustion during crushing and recycling. The combustion of lithium batteries after crushing will cause the loss and damage of internal flammable or combustion-denatured or high-temperature deformed materials on the one hand, and on the other hand, the combustion will produce a large amount of toxic and harmful gases, causing the factory's emissions to fail to meet standards and increase the cost of environmental protection management. It will also cause physical harm to the staff.

[0004] To solve the above problem, several ideas are provided in the prior art. One of them is an application number: 201810201621.4, a lithium battery safety recycling device: taking a lithium battery and lithium battery module crushing method as an example, by introducing inert gas so that the crushed lithium battery does not have a combustion environment and cannot burn. This method has strict requirements on the processing environment, increases production costs, and has complicated steps in the feeding and unloading process, which is difficult to apply to actual production. What's more, it is proposed to provide a vacuum environment during crushing to avoid combustion and explosion. This method only exists in the laboratory stage and cannot be effectively put into industrial production. Another patent application is CN202210750615.0, and the patent name is: A safe crushing device for waste lithium batteries, which provides a method of burying crushed materials that may or have started burning in fire sand for a period of time to prevent them from burning. After that, the crushed materials are screened out through a screen. The method has a sophisticated structure and low production cost, and is easy to promote and apply. However, the method has the following disadvantages: after the lithium battery enters the shredder, although the particles are larger after shredding, the black powder inside the lithium battery will be spilled in large quantities as the lithium battery is crushed. The diameter of the shredded part of the black powder is smaller than the diameter of the fire sand. Therefore, when passing through the screen, this part of the black powder will pass through the screen and mix with the fire sand. Black powder is also an important economic product in lithium battery recycling. After mixing with the fire sand, it will cause the mixture in the sand box to increase, and the fire sand needs to be replaced frequently. The mixture of fire sand and black powder also needs to be sorted twice, and the sorting is difficult. At the same time, the production steps are increased, and the production efficiency is reduced. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a lithium battery safety recycling device, which effectively solves the problems raised in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution to the problem includes two rectangular frames arranged at intervals in front and back, a bracket is provided on each of the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame, a support shaft with an axis in the horizontal front and rear direction is installed on the bracket, the axes of the two support shafts coincide, the support shafts are fixed at the center position of the side walls of the corresponding rectangular frames, the two rectangular frames are rotatably connected, when the rectangular frame is far away from the bracket position, the support shaft cannot rotate on the bracket, and when the rectangular frame is close to the bracket position, the support shaft can rotate on the bracket, two U-shaped plates are vertically fixed on the rectangular frame, the two U-shaped plates are arranged at intervals in the left and right directions and the opening directions are opposite, and a front-to-back through-hole is provided on the two side walls of the U-shaped plate A slide groove is provided, in each slide groove, a slider is slidably installed, a spring is provided in the slide groove to reset the slider toward the rectangular frame, a pressure plate fixed on the U-shaped plate is provided in the rectangular frame, a roller is rotatably installed on the two sliders on the same U-shaped plate, the left and right rollers are respectively placed on the upper and lower sides of the rectangular frame, a high-temperature resistant cloth belt is provided between the two rollers, the two ends of the cloth belt are respectively wound on the corresponding two rollers, an M-shaped baffle is provided on each of the left and right sides of the rectangular frame, the baffle is placed on the upper and lower sides of the cloth belt, the front and rear side walls of the baffle are in contact with the cloth belt, there is a gap between the V-shaped bottom plate and the cloth belt, and the gap gradually increases from the middle to the two sides.

[0007] Preferably, the support shaft is provided with a protrusion along its length direction, and the bracket is provided with a through groove for the protrusion to pass through. The protrusion is on the side wall of the support shaft away from the rectangular frame. After the rectangular frame moves to the bracket close to the corresponding side, the protrusion is no longer placed in the through groove and is separated from the through groove limit.

[0008] Preferably, a handle is fixed to the free end of the support shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the roller is driven by a slow motor, and when the slow motor is not powered on, its main shaft can be driven to rotate under the action of an external force, and there is resistance during the rotation process.

[0010] Preferably, the pressing plate is parallel to the bottom plate of the U-shaped plate, and two threaded rods spaced apart from each other are penetrated and screwed onto the bottom plate of the U-shaped plate, and the free ends of the threaded rods are rotatably mounted on the pressing plate.

[0011] Preferably, the opening direction of the V-shaped bottom plate of the baffle is toward the roller on the corresponding side, the side plate of the baffle is fixed on the rectangular frame via an L-shaped rod, and the length of the baffle is smaller than the width of the cloth belt.

[0012] Preferably, the cloth belt is woven from glass fiber, and the side edges of the cloth belt include a trimming process to increase its wear resistance.

[0013] The device uses a cloth belt woven from glass fiber to carry the shredded materials. The glass fiber has extremely high fire resistance, and its wear-resistant end is tough enough to bear the curling and wrapping of the shredded materials. The wrapped materials are equivalent to being covered by a fire blanket, which can effectively prevent the crushed materials from catching fire. At the same time, all the crushed materials can be effectively retained. After being carried for a period of time, they are released into the receiving box and can be directly carried out to the next step of fine crushing and sorting, making the primary crushing of lithium batteries safer and more reliable, and there is no secondary mixing pollution, additional screening steps and other problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a left view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a front view of the method of winding the cloth tape on the roller of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a left side cross-sectional view of the U-shaped plate and its upper component of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a left side view of the baffle of the present invention. Implementation

[0020] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Depend on Figures 1 to 6It can be seen that the present invention includes two rectangular frames 1 arranged at intervals in front and back, a bracket 2 is provided on each of the front and rear sides of the rectangular frame 1, a support shaft 3 with an axis in the horizontal front and rear direction is installed on the bracket 2, the axes of the two support shafts 3 coincide, the support shaft 3 is fixed at the center position of the side wall of the corresponding side rectangular frame 1, the two rectangular frames 1 are rotatably connected, when the rectangular frame 1 is far away from the bracket 2, the support shaft 3 cannot rotate on the bracket 2, and when the rectangular frame 1 is close to the bracket 2, the support shaft 3 can rotate on the bracket 2, and two U-shaped plates 4 are vertically fixed on the rectangular frame 1, the two U-shaped plates 4 are arranged at intervals in the left and right directions and the opening directions are opposite, and a slide groove 5 penetrating from front to back is provided on the two side walls of the U-shaped plate 4, each A slider 6 is slidably installed in the slide groove 5, and a spring is provided in the slide groove 5 to reset the slider 6 toward the rectangular frame 1. A pressure plate 7 fixed on the U-shaped plate 4 is provided in the rectangular frame 1. A roller 8 is rotatably installed on the two sliders 6 on the same U-shaped plate 4. The left and right rollers 8 are respectively placed on the upper and lower sides of the rectangular frame 1. A high-temperature resistant cloth belt 9 is provided between the two rollers 8. The two ends of the cloth belt 9 are respectively wound around the corresponding two rollers 8. An M-shaped baffle 10 is provided on each of the left and right sides of the rectangular frame 1. The baffle 10 is placed on the upper and lower sides of the cloth belt 9. The front and rear side walls of the baffle 10 are in contact with the cloth belt 9. There is a gap between the V-shaped bottom plate and the cloth belt 9, and the gap gradually increases from the middle to the two sides.

[0022] In order to ensure that the unsupported shaft 3 cannot rotate on the bracket 2 when the rectangular frame 1 is far away from the bracket 2, and the support shaft 3 can rotate on the bracket 2 after the rectangular frame 1 is close to the bracket 2, the support shaft 3 is provided with a protrusion 11 along its length direction, and the bracket 2 is provided with a through groove 12 for the protrusion 11 to pass through. The protrusion 11 is on the side wall of the support shaft 3 away from the rectangular frame 1. After the rectangular frame 1 moves to the bracket 2 close to the corresponding side, the protrusion 11 is no longer placed in the through groove 12 and is separated from the limit of the through groove 12.

[0023] In order to drive the support shaft 3 , a handle 13 is fixed to the free end of the support shaft 3 .

[0024] In order to realize the driving of the roller 8, the roller 8 is driven by a slow motor 14. When the slow motor 14 is not powered, its main shaft can be driven to rotate under the action of external force, and there is resistance during the rotation process.

[0025] In order to achieve adjustable position of the pressing plate 7 , the pressing plate 7 is parallel to the bottom plate of the U-shaped plate 4 , and two threaded rods 15 arranged in a front-to-back spacing are passed through and screwed onto the bottom plate of the U-shaped plate 4 , and the free ends of the threaded rods 15 are rotatably mounted on the pressing plate 7 .

[0026] In order to fix the baffle 10 , the opening direction of the V-shaped bottom plate of the baffle 10 faces the roller 8 on the corresponding side, and the side plate of the baffle 10 is fixed to the rectangular frame 1 via an L-shaped rod. The length of the baffle 10 is smaller than the width of the cloth belt 9 .

[0027] In order to ensure that the cloth belt 9 can meet the high temperature resistance and strength requirements while maintaining its toughness so that it can be normally wound on the roller 8, the cloth belt 9 is woven from glass fiber, and the side of the cloth belt 9 includes an edge trimming process to increase its wear resistance.

[0028] The specific working process of the present invention is as follows: when in use, the device is installed below the shredder, and the two rectangular frames 1 and the cloth belts 9 provide two sets of collecting devices. When in use, the horizontal middle section of one set of cloth belts 9 is placed below the feeding port of the shredder, and the position conversion of the two sets of cloth belts 9 directly below the feeding port of the shredder can be achieved by pulling the handles forward and backward. When the rectangular frame 1 is in a non-collecting state, the rectangular frame 1 can be driven by the handle to rotate, thereby realizing the turning over of the cloth belt 9.

[0029] The present device is described by taking the example that the front rectangular frame 1 is below the discharge port and the roller 8 of the rectangular frame 1 is wound up at the upper right corner. When the rectangular frame 1 is rotated to the right position, the support shaft 3 is pulled forward and backward so that the protrusions 11 on the support shaft 3 on both the front and rear sides are placed in the slide groove 5. At this time, the two rectangular frames 1 can be limited and cannot rotate.

[0030] The cloth belt 9 is in an initial state when the front rectangular frame 1 is mostly wound around the roller 8 at the lower left, and the pressing plate 7 is adjusted so that the cloth belt 9 in the middle horizontal section is in the middle position of the side wall of the rectangular frame 1. At this time, the front and rear side walls of the rectangular frame 1 have a blocking effect on the side of the cloth belt 9. At this time, the front and rear side walls of the rectangular frame 1 and the cloth belt 9 form a material holding frame. Since most of the cloth belt 9 is wound around the roller 8 at the lower left, the distance between the roller 8 at the lower left and the rectangular frame 1 is greater than the distance between the roller 8 at the upper right and the rectangular frame 1 under the elastic action of the spring, but the elastic force provided by the spring can ensure that the cloth belt 9 on the roller 8 is in contact with and squeezed by the pressing plate 7. During this process, the friction between the belt surface of the cloth belt 9 and the pressing plate 7 and the resistance of the slow motor 14 when the roller 8 at the lower left does not rotate require a large force to pull the cloth belt 9, so this force can ensure that the cloth belt 9 is always in a tightened state.

[0031] At this time, the slow motor 14 on the lower left is not energized, and the slow motor 14 on the upper right is energized to drive the roller 8 to rotate and tighten the cloth belt 9. After completion, the shredder is opened and materials are thrown into the shredder. After being shredded, the materials fall onto the horizontal section of the cloth belt 9. As the upper right roller 8 rewinds the materials, they move to the right along with the cloth belt 9. During this process, they will contact the baffle 10. The V-shaped tip of the bottom plate of the baffle 10 is facing the middle position of the materials. When the cloth belt 9 moves to the right with the materials, the V-shaped tip of the bottom plate of the baffle 10 divides the materials evenly from the middle, and the materials whose height exceeds the lower edge of the bottom plate of the baffle 10 are pushed to both sides under the V-shaped diversion effect of the bottom plate of the baffle 10, and finally the materials passing through the baffle 10 are formed into a uniform plane, and the two side plates of the baffle 10 and the cloth belt 9 The contact and visible width of the baffle 10 are smaller than the width of the cloth belt 9, which makes the material on the cloth belt 9 concentrated in the middle position of the cloth belt 9. When the cloth belt 9 is rolling up the material, there is no material at both ends of the cloth belt 9, which can effectively reduce the material spilling caused by the lack of obstruction at both ends of the cloth belt 9 during rolling up. As the upper right roller 8 continues to rotate and tighten the cloth belt 9, the cloth belt 9 carries the paved material and is rolled up in the cloth belt 9. During this process, the cloth belt 9 and the material in the rolling part of the upper right roller 8 gradually increase, so that the distance between the roller 8 and the rectangular frame 1 gradually increases. During this process, the spring is continuously compressed, and the cloth belt 9 on the lower left roller 8 gradually decreases. Under the reset action of the spring, the lower left roller 8 gradually approaches the rectangular frame 1 under the reset action of the spring.

[0032] After the upper right roller 8 has rolled up most of the cloth belt 9, the two groups of collecting devices are driven to move to the front side through the driving handle 13 via the support shaft 3, and the rectangular frame 1 of this group slides out of the discharge port of the shredder. At the same time, the spare rectangular frame 1 of the group slides to the discharge port of the shredder to realize non-stop switching. The spare device should drive the slow motor 14 of the roller 8 in advance and start working after entering under the discharge port. The rectangular frame 1 of the group moved out under the discharge port turns off the corresponding slow motor 14 and continues to pull forward until the protrusion 11 on the support shaft 3 on the front side leaves the through groove 12. At this time, after the support shaft 3 is driven by the handle to rotate 180 degrees, the roller 8 at the lower left in the front rectangular frame 1 rotates to the upper right, and the upper right The roller 8 is placed at the lower left side and pushed backwards a little until the protrusion 11 on the front support shaft 3 is again matched with the through groove 12 to limit the position. At this time, the middle position of the horizontal section of the cloth bag on the rear side is placed directly below the discharge port. After the spare group of cloth belts 9 has also completed winding, the cloth belt 9 of this group, which has been rotated 180 degrees, is placed back at the discharge port position, and the slow-speed motor 14 of the upper right roller 8 is turned on, so that the upper right roller 8 gradually rewinds the cloth belt 9. During this process, the material receiving box is placed below the lower left roller 8. In the process of the upper right roller 8 rewinding the cloth belt 9, the material carried by the cloth belt 9 falls into the material receiving box. Similarly, the operation of the spare group of cloth belts 9 is repeated so that the two groups of cloth belts 9 are operated in turn to achieve the fire extinguishing of the crushed materials.

[0033] Compared with traditional equipment, this device has the following advantages:

[0034] 1. The device uses a cloth belt 9 woven from glass fiber to carry the shredded materials. The glass fiber has extremely high fire resistance, and its wear-resistant end is tough enough to bear the curling and wrapping of the shredded materials. The wrapped materials are equivalent to being covered by a fire blanket, which can effectively prevent the crushed materials from catching fire. At the same time, all the crushed materials can be effectively retained. After being carried for a period of time, they are released to the receiving box and can be directly carried out to the next step of fine crushing and sorting, making the primary crushing of lithium batteries safer and more reliable, and there is no secondary mixing pollution, additional screening steps and other problems.

[0035] 2. This device uses a glass fiber cloth belt 9 to wrap and isolate the shredded flammable materials, so that they do not have the conditions for combustion. At the same time, the rolled materials are kept for a long time before being put into the receiving box. During this time, the heat generated by crushing can be dispersed in time, which can effectively reduce the re-ignition of materials caused by stacking after material packaging and transportation.

[0036] 3. The device has a simple structure, low production cost, and low application cost. The material after fire extinguishing treatment retains the original components to a great extent, improves the recycling rate of lithium batteries, and improves the efficiency of primary crushing of lithium batteries. The cloth belt 9 carries the material and puts the material after fire extinguishing treatment into the receiving box simultaneously, which can further save drive and time, further improve production efficiency and reduce costs.

Claims

1. A lithium battery safety recycling device, characterized in that: The invention comprises two rectangular frames (1) arranged at an interval in front and back, a bracket (2) is respectively provided on the front and back sides of the rectangular frame (1), a support shaft (3) with an axis in a horizontal front-to-back direction is installed on the bracket (2), the axes of the two support shafts (3) coincide, the support shafts (3) are fixed at the center position of the side wall of the corresponding side rectangular frame (1), the two rectangular frames (1) are rotatably connected, when the rectangular frame (1) is far away from the bracket (2), the support shaft (3) cannot rotate on the bracket (2), and when the rectangular frame (1) is close to the bracket (2), the support shaft (3) is not supported. The support shaft (3) can rotate on the bracket (2), and two U-shaped plates (4) are vertically fixed on the rectangular frame (1). The two U-shaped plates (4) are arranged at intervals on the left and right and have opening directions opposite to each other. A slide groove (5) is provided on the two side walls of the U-shaped plate (4) and is connected to the front and back. A slider (6) is slidably installed in each slide groove (5). A spring is provided in the slide groove (5) to reset the slider (6) in the direction of the rectangular frame (1). A pressure plate (7) fixed on the U-shaped plate (4) is provided in the rectangular frame (1). Two U-shaped plates (4) on the same U-shaped plate (4) are provided. A roller (8) is rotatably mounted on a slider (6), and the left and right rollers (8) are respectively placed on the upper and lower sides of the rectangular frame (1). A high-temperature resistant cloth belt (9) is provided between the two rollers (8). The cloth belt (9) is woven from glass fiber, and the side of the cloth belt (9) includes an edge-closing process to increase its wear resistance. The two ends of the cloth belt (9) are respectively wound around the corresponding two rollers (8). An M-shaped baffle (10) is provided on each of the left and right sides of the rectangular frame (1). The baffle (10) is placed on the upper and lower sides of the cloth belt (9). The baffle ( The front and rear side walls of the V-shaped bottom plate (10) are in contact with the cloth belt (9), there is a gap between the V-shaped bottom plate and the cloth belt (9), and the gap gradually increases from the middle to the two sides, the support shaft (3) is provided with a protrusion (11) along its length direction, the bracket (2) is provided with a through groove (12) for the protrusion (11) to pass through, the protrusion (11) is on the side wall of the support shaft (3) away from the rectangular frame (1), after the rectangular frame (1) moves to the bracket (2) close to the corresponding side, the protrusion (11) is no longer placed in the through groove (12) and is separated from the through groove (12) limit.

2. A lithium battery safety recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle (13) is fixed to the free end of the support shaft (3).

3. A lithium battery safety recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller (8) is driven by a slow motor (14); when the slow motor (14) is not powered, its main shaft can be driven to rotate under the action of an external force, and resistance exists during the rotation process.

4. A lithium battery safety recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing plate (7) is parallel to the bottom plate of the U-shaped plate (4). Two threaded rods (15) arranged at intervals in front and behind are penetrated and screwed onto the bottom plate of the U-shaped plate (4). The free ends of the threaded rods (15) are rotatably mounted on the pressing plate (7).

5. A lithium battery safety recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening direction of the V-shaped bottom plate of the baffle (10) faces the roller (8) on the corresponding side, the side plate of the baffle (10) is fixed to the rectangular frame (1) via an L-shaped rod, and the length of the baffle (10) is smaller than the width of the cloth belt (9).

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