A machining floating fixture and clamping method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a machining floating fixture and a clamping method thereof, comprising a positioning plate and an isobaric cover, wherein the isobaric cover is arranged at the bottom of the positioning plate, and a plurality of clamping assemblies are arranged around the top of the positioning plate; the clamping assembly comprises an oil cylinder fixed above the positioning plate and extending radially along the positioning plate, a piston plate is slidably fitted inside the oil cylinder, and a push rod extending coaxially with the oil cylinder is fixed at the end of the piston plate. The beneficial effect is that the present invention uses the isobaric cover connecting multiple clamping assemblies as a hydraulic drive component, and ensures that the thrust of the push rods of multiple clamping assemblies remains consistent through the isobaric cover connecting multiple oil cylinders, and at the same time, multiple sets of gears of the driving structure are arranged at the end of the push rod, and the gears are used to mesh with two sets of racks so that when one set of clamping arms is pressed against the workpiece, the other set of clamping arms can continue to drive the other set of clamping arms to move and press against the workpiece, thereby ensuring that irregularly shaped workpieces can be pressed against the workpiece by multiple sets of clamping arms at different positions with equal pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of machining equipment, and in particular to a machining floating fixture and a clamping method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A fixture is an essential piece of equipment in the machining process. It accurately determines the relative position of the workpiece, machine tool, and cutting tool. The workpiece's positional accuracy is guaranteed by the fixture and is unaffected by the worker's skill level. The machining accuracy is high and stable. Furthermore, clamping the workpiece with a fixture allows for rapid positioning and clamping, significantly reducing auxiliary labor hours. Clamping the workpiece with a fixture increases the workpiece's support rigidity, thereby increasing cutting capacity. However, existing machining fixtures are mostly flat-blade vises, with both clamping support surfaces being flat. This makes it difficult to maintain stable clamping for irregularly shaped workpieces, requiring multiple screw-driven pressure plates to press against different locations on the workpiece's exterior. During the clamping process, the multiple pressure plates must be rotated sequentially to align and press against the workpiece's exterior. This makes it impossible to maintain consistent support strength across multiple clamping positions, resulting in poor clamping stability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a machining floating fixture and a clamping method thereof in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. Multiple clamping assemblies are arranged on the positioning plate, and an isobaric cover connecting multiple clamping assemblies is used as a hydraulic drive component. The isobaric cover connecting multiple oil cylinders ensures that the thrust of the push rods of multiple clamping assemblies remains consistent. At the same time, multiple sets of gears of the driving structure are arranged at the end of the push rod. The gears are engaged with two sets of racks so that when one set of clamping arms is pressed against the workpiece, the other set of clamping arms can continue to drive the other set of clamping arms to move and press against the workpiece, ensuring that irregular-shaped workpieces can be kept pressed against the workpiece by multiple sets of clamping arms at different positions with equal pressure. The workpiece placement position is the clamping position. After all the clamping arms are successively pressed against the outside of the workpiece, the clamping arms can be used to press the workpiece synchronously to ensure that the position of the workpiece does not move during the clamping process. The placement position is the clamping locking position. Afterwards, when the multiple clamping arms pressurize and lock the workpiece, the multiple pre-clamping assemblies can be pushed outward automatically to release the pre-clamping action of the workpiece, further maintaining the position stability and convenience of the workpiece during the clamping process. See the following for details.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a machining floating fixture, comprising a positioning plate and an isobaric cover, wherein the isobaric cover is arranged at the bottom of the positioning plate, and a plurality of clamping assemblies are arranged around the top of the positioning plate;

[0006] The gear train is equipped with a gear that is engaged with the gears and has a plurality of gears that are connected to the gear train and are used to engage with the gears of the gear train. The gear train is equipped with a gear that is engaged with the gears of the gear train and is used to engage with the gears of the gear train. The gear train is equipped with a gear that is engaged with the gears and is used to engage with the gears of the gear train. The gear train is equipped with a gear that is engaged with the gears and is used to engage with the gears of the gear train. The gear train is equipped with a gear that is engaged with the gears and is used to engage with the gears of the gear train. The gear train is equipped with a gear that is engaged with the gear train and is used to engage with the gear train.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of mounting grooves for accommodating clamping components are arranged around the top of the positioning plate, a support is fixed to the outside of the oil cylinder and is installed in the mounting groove by bolts, the rotating frame is a U-shaped frame with an opening facing away from the push rod, and a tray is arranged above the positioning plate.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom side of the tray is fixed to the top of the sliding frame, and the tray is provided with multiple groups of guide grooves corresponding to the multiple groups of sliding frames to accommodate the clamping arms extending upward from the tray. The oil cylinder is connected to a hydraulic oil pipe at one end away from the gear, and multiple groups of pipe joints are provided on the outer circumference side of the isobaric cover corresponding to the clamping assembly, and the isobaric cover is connected to the hydraulic oil pipe through the pipe joints. An oil supply pipe connected to an external hydraulic pump station is provided on the outside of the isobaric cover.

[0009] Preferably, an auxiliary component is provided at the bottom of the isobaric hood, and the auxiliary component includes a accommodating cylinder arranged below the isobaric hood, and the accommodating cylinder is a hollow cylindrical structure with an opening at the top. A flange plate connected to the isobaric hood is provided at the top opening of the accommodating cylinder, and a top plate is vertically sealed and slidably provided inside the accommodating cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, a support rod is fixed to the bottom of the top plate and passes vertically through the accommodating tube. The support rod is clearance-matched with the bottom end of the accommodating tube. A spring is sleeved on the outer side of the support rod below the top plate and pressed against the bottom of the accommodating tube. A limiting ring is fixed inside the accommodating tube below the top plate to limit the downward movement of the top plate. The inner diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than the diameter of the top plate.

[0011] Preferably, a disc-shaped synchronization disk is fixed to the bottom end of the support rod, a chassis is arranged under the isobaric cover, a plurality of support brackets for supporting the isobaric cover are arranged around the top of the chassis, a plurality of vertically penetrating fixing grooves are arranged around the outer circumference of the chassis, and a plurality of pre-clamping components are arranged around the top center of the chassis.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of groups of rotating ears supporting the rotation of the pre-clamping assembly are provided on the top of the chassis, and the pre-clamping assembly includes a diagonal brace hinged above the rotating ear, the bottom of the diagonal brace is tilted and gathered inward, and the bottom of the diagonal brace is provided with a transmission groove extending along its tilt direction, and the outer circumferential side of the synchronization disk is provided with a plurality of groups of extension grooves for accommodating the bottom end of the diagonal brace.

[0013] Preferably, a transmission rod is fixed inside the extension groove and penetrates into the transmission groove. The transmission rod slides with the transmission groove. A accommodating groove for accommodating the top of the diagonal support is vertically penetrated on the outer circumference of the positioning plate. A fine-tuning frame is fixed to the top of the diagonal support and extends radially along the positioning plate. A splint is slidably fitted inside the fine-tuning frame, and the bottom of the splint extends horizontally toward the center of the positioning plate.

[0014] Preferably, the middle of the fine-tuning frame is rotatably engaged with a screw that passes through the splint, the screw is threadedly engaged with the splint, the outer end of the screw passes through the fine-tuning frame and is fixed with a disc-shaped knob, and the slider is an "I"-shaped structure.

[0015] The clamping method of the machining floating fixture comprises the following steps:

[0016] a. When the workpiece needs to be clamped for machining, the workpiece is placed above the pallet, and then hydraulic oil is injected into the isobaric cover through the external hydraulic pump station. The isobaric cover introduces hydraulic oil into the oil cylinder along the hydraulic oil pipe, thereby pushing the piston plate to drive the push rod to move. The gear in the rotating frame at the end of the push rod pushes the two sets of racks on the outside to drive the slider and the clamping arm to slide synchronously, and the clamping arm that extends upward through the guide groove and extends above the pallet moves toward the center position of the pallet. When one of the two sets of synchronously moving clamping arms on both sides of the same set of gears contacts the workpiece and is hindered from moving, the set of clamping arms stops, and at the same time, the rotating frame of the gear is continued to be pushed by the push rod, and the gear rotates, thereby using the gear to continue to push the other set of clamping arms until it abuts against the outside of the workpiece;

[0017] When the two clamping arms of one of the clamping assemblies are both pressed against the outside of the workpiece, the two clamping arms of the clamping assembly are both in a state of pressing against the workpiece, and the hydraulic oil subsequently input into the isobaric cover by the hydraulic pump station is no longer transported to the clamping assembly. Since the hydraulic oil pipes of the multiple clamping assemblies are all connected to the isobaric cover, it is ensured that the two clamping arms of the multiple clamping assemblies can press against the outside of the workpiece with the same pressure, that is, when the eight clamping arms of the four clamping assemblies are all pressed against the outside of the workpiece, the four push rods and piston discs cannot move when the hydraulic oil continues to be pumped in. At this time, the hydraulic oil that continues to be pumped in increases the pressure in the entire hydraulic pipeline, thereby starting the pressurized pressing action after the multiple clamping arms are all pressed against the outside of the workpiece, thereby ensuring that the multiple clamping arms can perform the second stage of pressing and clamping action after they have pressed against the outside of the workpiece in the first stage.

[0018] c. When hydraulic oil is pumped into the isobaric cover to increase the pressure in the entire hydraulic pipeline and thus enhance the clamping force of the clamping arms on the workpiece, the pressure in the accommodating cylinder connected to the isobaric cover increases simultaneously. The pressure of the hydraulic oil pushes the top plate downward to overcome the elastic force of the spring until the bottom side of the top plate moves down to the position of the clamping limit ring. At this time, the volume of the oil storage chamber in the accommodating cylinder cannot be further expanded, and the isobaric clamping state of the multiple groups of clamping arms on different positions outside the workpiece can be maintained by the oil pressure.

[0019] d. Before driving the clamping arm to abut against the workpiece, the screw is driven to rotate by turning the knob, and then the screw is used to drive the clamping plate to slide along the fine-tuning frame, and then the clamping plates of the four sets of pre-clamping assemblies are pressed against the outside of the workpiece to achieve pre-clamping, and then the four sets of clamping plates are used to pre-position the workpiece when it is not positioned by the clamping arm, so that the position of the workpiece is maintained when the clamping arms are pressed against the workpiece by the pre-clamping assemblies until all eight sets of clamping arms are pressed against the outside of the workpiece. At this time, hydraulic oil continues to be input into the isobaric cover, causing the top plate to compress the spring downward, and the support rod at the bottom of the top plate drives the synchronous plate to move downward, and the multiple sets of transmission rods on the outside of the synchronous plate are used to press the transmission groove to support the multiple sets of diagonal supports to rotate outward along the rotating ears and open, thereby releasing the pre-support effect of the clamping plate in the fine-tuning frame at the top of the diagonal support on the workpiece, thereby ensuring that the multiple sets of pre-clamping assemblies are separated and expanded outward while the multiple sets of clamping arms begin to press against the workpiece.

[0020] The beneficial effect is that: the present invention arranges multiple clamping assemblies on the positioning plate, utilizes an isobaric cover connecting multiple clamping assemblies as a hydraulic drive component, and ensures that the thrust of the push rods of the multiple clamping assemblies remains consistent through the isobaric cover connecting multiple oil cylinders;

[0021] At the same time, multiple sets of gears of the driving structure are set at the end of the push rod. The gears are used to mesh with two sets of racks so that when one set of clamping arms is pressed against the workpiece, the other set of clamping arms can continue to drive the other set of clamping arms to move and press against the workpiece, ensuring that irregularly shaped workpieces can be pressed against the workpiece with equal pressure at different positions by multiple sets of clamping arms;

[0022] The workpiece placement position is the clamping position. After all the clamping arms are in contact with the outside of the workpiece in sequence, the clamping arms can be used to simultaneously press the workpiece tightly to ensure that the workpiece does not move during the clamping process. The placement position is the clamping locking position.

[0023] Afterwards, when multiple clamping arms pressurize and lock the workpiece, they can synchronously push multiple pre-clamping components to automatically open outward to release the pre-clamping action of the workpiece, further maintaining the position stability and convenience of the workpiece during the clamping process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a main structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the positioning plate and the clamping assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the clamping assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the auxiliary components of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural disassembly of the pre-clamping assembly and the chassis of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pre-clamping assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 It is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0034] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Positioning plate; 101. Mounting slot; 102. Accommodating slot; 2. Isobaric cover; 201. Pipe joint; 3. Clamping assembly; 301. Cylinder; 301a. Support; 302. Push rod; 302a. Piston plate; 303. Rotating frame; 303a. Gear; 304. Sliding frame; 305. Slider; 305a. Rack; 306. Clamping arm; 307. Hydraulic oil pipe; 4. Tray; 401. Guide slot; 5. Auxiliary assembly Parts; 501, accommodating cylinder; 501a, flange; 502, support rod; 503, top plate; 504, limiting ring; 505, synchronization plate; 505a, extension slot; 505b, transmission rod; 6, pre-clamping assembly; 601, diagonal support; 602, transmission slot; 603, fine-tuning frame; 604, splint; 605, screw; 605a, knob; 7, chassis; 701, fixing slot; 702, rotating ear; 8, support bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides a machining floating fixture, comprising a positioning plate 1 and an isobaric cover 2. The isobaric cover 2 is arranged at the bottom of the positioning plate 1. A plurality of clamping assemblies 3 are arranged around the top of the positioning plate 1. The clamping assemblies 3 are used to support and position the outer side of the workpiece to achieve clamping action.

[0038] The clamping assembly 3 includes an oil cylinder 301 fixed above the positioning plate 1 and extending radially along the positioning plate 1. The oil cylinder 301 is a cylindrical structure with an opening toward the center of the positioning plate 1. A piston disc 302a is slidably fitted inside the oil cylinder 301. The piston disc 302a cooperates with the oil cylinder 301 to form a piston structure. A push rod 302 extending coaxially with the oil cylinder 301 is fixed at the end of the piston disc 302a. A rotating frame 303 is fixed at one end of the push rod 302 extending out of the oil cylinder 301. A horizontally mounted gear 303a is rotatably fitted inside the rotating frame 303 to rotate. Two groups of sliding frames 304 are symmetrically fixed above the positioning disk 1 on both sides of the frame 303, and a slider 305 is fitted inside the sliding frame 304 for horizontal sliding. Racks 305a that mesh with gears 303a are fixed on opposite sides of the two groups of sliders 305, and two groups of vertically extending clamping arms 306 are symmetrically fixed on the opposite sides of the two groups of sliders 305. The gears 303a support the racks 305a on both sides to drive the sliders 305 and the outer clamping arms 306 to slide synchronously toward the center of the positioning disk 1. The clamping arms 306 serve as a tightening component supporting the outside of the workpiece and play a role in clamping the workpiece.

[0039] As an optional embodiment, multiple groups of mounting grooves 101 for accommodating the clamping components 3 are arranged around the top of the positioning plate 1. A support 301a installed in the mounting groove 101 by bolts is fixed to the outside of the oil cylinder 301. The rotating frame 303 is a U-shaped frame with an opening facing away from the push rod 302. A tray 4 is arranged above the positioning plate 1. The bottom side of the tray 4 is fixed to the top of the sliding frame 304. The sliding frame 304 is used to support the tray 4, and the tray 4 is provided with multiple groups of guide grooves 401 for accommodating the clamping arms 306 extending upward from the tray 4 corresponding to the multiple groups of sliding frames 304. The oil cylinder 301 is away from the gear One end of 303a is connected to a hydraulic oil pipe 307. A one-way valve is provided on the hydraulic oil pipe 307 to limit the hydraulic oil from being transported only along the isobaric cover 2 into the oil cylinder 301. A one-way valve is provided on the top of the oil cylinder 301 to discharge the hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder 301 outward. A plurality of pipe joints 201 are provided on the outer circumference of the isobaric cover 2 corresponding to the clamping assembly 3. The isobaric cover 2 is connected to the hydraulic oil pipe 307 through the pipe joints 201. An oil supply pipe connected to an external hydraulic pump station is provided on the outside of the isobaric cover 2, so that the external hydraulic pump station can be used as a driving source for inputting hydraulic oil.

[0040] An auxiliary component 5 is provided at the bottom of the isobaric cover 2. The auxiliary component 5 includes a accommodating cylinder 501 provided below the isobaric cover 2. The accommodating cylinder 501 is a hollow cylindrical structure with an opening at the top. A flange 501a communicating with the isobaric cover 2 is provided at the top opening of the accommodating cylinder 501. The flange 501a is fixedly connected to the isobaric cover 2 by bolts. A top plate 503 is vertically sealed and slidably provided inside the accommodating cylinder 501. A vertical screw thread extending from the accommodating cylinder 501 is fixed at the bottom of the top plate 503. The support rod 502 of 501 is loosely fitted with the bottom end of the accommodating tube 501. A spring is sleeved on the outside of the support rod 502 below the top plate 503, which is pressed against the bottom of the accommodating tube 501. A limit ring 504 is fixed inside the accommodating tube 501 below the top plate 503 to limit the downward movement of the top plate 503. The inner diameter of the limit ring 504 is smaller than the diameter of the top plate 503, ensuring that the limit ring 504 can limit the downward movement of the top plate 503.

[0041] A disc-shaped synchronization disk 505 is fixed to the bottom end of the support rod 502, and a chassis 7 is provided below the isobaric cover 2. A plurality of support brackets 8 for supporting the isobaric cover 2 are arranged around the top of the chassis 7. A plurality of vertically penetrating fixing grooves 701 are arranged around the outer circumference of the chassis 7, so that bolts can be inserted into the fixing grooves 701 to fix the chassis 7 to the machined set position. A plurality of pre-clamping components 6 are arranged around the top center of the chassis 7. A plurality of rotating ears 702 for supporting the rotation of the pre-clamping components 6 are arranged on the top of the chassis 7. The pre-clamping components 6 include an oblique support 601 hinged above the rotating ear 702. The bottom of the oblique support 601 is inclined and gathered inwardly, and a transmission groove 602 extending along its inclination direction is provided at the bottom of the oblique support 601. A plurality of extension grooves 505a for accommodating the bottom end of the oblique support 601 are provided on the outer circumference of the synchronization disk 505.

[0042] A transmission rod 505b is fixed inside the extension groove 505a and penetrates into the transmission groove 602. The transmission rod 505b slides with the transmission groove 602, so that when the synchronous disk 505 drives the transmission rod 505b to move up and down, it can drive multiple groups of diagonal struts 601 to gather inward or open outward, thereby realizing the rotation process of the pre-clamping component 6. The outer circumferential side of the positioning disk 1 is vertically penetrated with a accommodating groove 102 for accommodating the top of the diagonal strut 601, and the top of the diagonal strut 601 is fixed with a fine-tuning frame 603 extending radially along the positioning disk 1, and the fine-tuning frame 603 is slidably engaged with a clamping Plate 604, the bottom of the splint 604 extends horizontally toward the center of the positioning disk 1, and the middle part of the fine-tuning frame 603 is rotated with a screw 605 that passes through the splint 604. The screw 605 is threadedly matched with the splint 604, and the outer end of the screw 605 passes through the fine-tuning frame 603 and is fixed with a disc-shaped knob 605a. The slider 305 is an "I"-shaped structure. By rotating the knob 605a, the screw 605 can be driven to rotate and then drive the splint 604 to slide along the inside of the fine-tuning frame 603, so that the user can adjust the position of the splint 604 according to the required support position of the workpiece.

[0043] The clamping method of the machining floating fixture includes the following steps:

[0044] When the workpiece needs to be clamped for machining, the workpiece is placed on the pallet 4. Then, hydraulic oil is injected into the isobaric cover 2 through the external hydraulic pump station. The isobaric cover 2 introduces hydraulic oil into the oil cylinder 301 along the hydraulic oil pipe 307, thereby pushing the piston plate 302a to drive the push rod 302 to move. The gear 303a in the rotating frame 303 at the end of the push rod 302 pushes the two sets of racks 305a on the outer sides to drive the slider 305 and the clamping arm 306 to slide synchronously. The clamping arm 306 extending upward through the guide groove 401 and extending above the pallet 4 moves toward the center position of the pallet 4. When one of the two sets of synchronously moving clamping arms 306 on both sides of the same set of gears 303a contacts the workpiece and is blocked from moving, the clamping arm 306 of this set stops. At the same time, the rotating frame 303 of the gear 303a is continued to push by the push rod 302, and the gear 303a rotates, thereby using the gear 303a to continue to push the other set of clamping arms 306 until it abuts against the outside of the workpiece.

[0045] When the two clamping arms 306 of one of the clamping assemblies 3 are both pressed against the outside of the workpiece, the two clamping arms 306 of the clamping assembly 3 are both in a state of pressing against the workpiece, and the hydraulic oil subsequently input into the isobaric cover 2 by the hydraulic pump station is no longer transported to the clamping assembly 3. Since the hydraulic oil pipes 307 of the multiple clamping assemblies 3 are all connected to the isobaric cover 2, it is ensured that the two clamping arms 306 of the multiple clamping assemblies 3 can press against the outside of the workpiece with the same pressure, that is, when the eight clamping arms 306 of the four clamping assemblies 3 are all pressed against the outside of the workpiece, the four push rods 302 and the piston disc 302a cannot move when the hydraulic oil is continuously pumped in. At this time, the hydraulic oil continuously pumped in increases the pressure in the entire hydraulic pipeline, thereby starting the pressurized pressing action after the multiple clamping arms 306 are all pressed against the outside of the workpiece, thereby ensuring that the multiple clamping arms 306 can perform the second stage of pressing and clamping action after they are pressed against the outside of the workpiece in the first stage.

[0046] c. When hydraulic oil is pumped into the isobaric cover 2 to increase the pressure in the entire hydraulic pipeline and thus enhance the clamping force of the clamping arms 306 against the workpiece, the pressure in the accommodating cylinder 501 connected to the isobaric cover 2 increases simultaneously. The pressure of the hydraulic oil pushes the top plate 503 downward to overcome the elastic force of the spring until the bottom side of the top plate 503 moves down to the position of the clamping limit ring 504. At this time, the volume of the oil storage chamber in the accommodating cylinder 501 cannot be further expanded, and the multiple groups of clamping arms 306 can be kept in an isobaric state against different positions on the outside of the workpiece by the oil pressure.

[0047] d. Before driving the clamping arm 306 to abut against the workpiece, the screw 605 is driven to rotate by turning the knob 605a, and then the screw 605 is used to drive the clamping plate 604 to slide along the fine-tuning frame 603, and then the clamping plates 604 of the four sets of pre-clamping components 6 are pressed against the outside of the workpiece to achieve pre-clamping, and then the four sets of clamping plates 604 are used to pre-position the workpiece before it is abutted and positioned by the clamping arms 306, so that the workpiece position is maintained when the clamping arms 306 are pressed against the workpiece by the pre-clamping components 6, until all eight sets of clamping arms 306 abut against the outside of the workpiece. At the same time, hydraulic oil continues to be input into the isobaric cover 2, causing the top plate 503 to compress the spring downward, and the support rod 502 at the bottom of the top plate 503 drives the synchronous plate 505 to move downward, and the multiple groups of transmission rods 505b on the outside of the synchronous plate 505 press down the transmission groove 602 to support the multiple groups of diagonal supports 601 to rotate outward along the rotating ear 702 and open, thereby releasing the pre-support effect of the clamping plate 604 in the fine-tuning frame 603 at the top of the diagonal support 601 on the workpiece, thereby ensuring that the multiple groups of clamping arms 306 begin to press against the workpiece while separating and expanding the multiple groups of pre-clamping components 6 outward.

[0048] By arranging multiple clamping assemblies 3 on the positioning plate 1, using the isobaric cover 2 connecting the multiple clamping assemblies 3 as a hydraulic drive component, the isobaric cover 2 connecting the multiple oil cylinders 301 ensures that the thrust of the push rods 302 of the multiple clamping assemblies 3 remains consistent;

[0049] At the same time, multiple sets of gears 303a of the driving structure are provided at the end of the push rod 302. The gears 303a mesh with the two sets of racks 305a so that when one set of clamping arms 306 is pressed against the workpiece, the other set of clamping arms 306 can continue to be driven to move and press against the workpiece, ensuring that irregularly shaped workpieces can be pressed against the workpiece by the multiple sets of clamping arms 306 at different positions with equal pressure.

[0050] The workpiece placement position is the clamping position. After all the clamping arms 306 are in contact with the outside of the workpiece in sequence, the clamping arms 306 can be used to simultaneously pressurize the workpiece to ensure that the workpiece does not move during the clamping process. The placement position is the clamping locking position, and the hydraulic oil is used as the force medium to achieve floating clamping, ensuring the stability of the clamping arm movement and the support strength.

[0051] Afterwards, when the multiple clamping arms 306 pressurize and lock the workpiece, they can simultaneously push the multiple pre-clamping components 6 outward to automatically open to release the pre-clamping action of the workpiece, further maintaining the position stability and convenience of the workpiece during the clamping process.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A machining floating fixture, characterized by: It comprises a positioning plate (1) and an isobaric cover (2), wherein the isobaric cover (2) is arranged at the bottom of the positioning plate (1), and a plurality of clamping assemblies (3) are arranged around the top of the positioning plate (1); The clamping assembly (3) includes an oil cylinder (301) fixed above the positioning plate (1) and extending radially along the positioning plate (1), a piston plate (302a) is slidably fitted inside the oil cylinder (301), a push rod (302) is fixed at the end of the piston plate (302a) and extends coaxially with the oil cylinder (301), and a rotating frame (303) is fixed at one end of the push rod (302) extending out of the oil cylinder (301), and the rotating frame (303) is provided with a plurality of movable members. The rotating frame (303) is symmetrically fixed with a horizontally mounted gear (303a), and two sets of sliding frames (304) are symmetrically fixed above the positioning disk (1) on both sides of the rotating frame (303). The sliding frames (304) are laterally slidably fitted with sliders (305) inside. Racks (305a) meshing with the gear (303a) are fixed on opposite sides of the two sets of sliders (305), and two sets of vertically extending clamping arms (306) are symmetrically fixed on opposite sides of the two sets of sliders (305); The top of the positioning plate (1) is surrounded by a plurality of mounting grooves (101) for accommodating the clamping components (3); a support (301a) is fixed to the outside of the oil cylinder (301) and is installed in the mounting groove (101) by means of bolts; the rotating frame (303) is a U-shaped frame with an opening facing away from the push rod (302); and a tray (4) is provided above the positioning plate (1); The bottom side of the tray (4) is fixed to the top of the slide frame (304), and the tray (4) is provided with a plurality of guide grooves (401) for accommodating the clamping arms (306) extending upward from the tray (4) corresponding to the plurality of slide frames (304). The end of the oil cylinder (301) away from the gear (303a) is connected to a hydraulic oil pipe (307). The outer circumferential side of the isobaric cover (2) is provided with a plurality of pipe joints (201) corresponding to the clamping assembly (3), and the isobaric cover (2) is connected to the hydraulic oil pipe (307) through the pipe joints (201). The outer side of the isobaric cover (2) is provided with an oil supply pipe connected to an external hydraulic pump station. An auxiliary component (5) is provided at the bottom of the isobaric cover (2), and the auxiliary component (5) includes a accommodating cylinder (501) provided below the isobaric cover (2). The accommodating cylinder (501) is a hollow cylindrical structure with an opening at the top. A flange (501a) communicating with the isobaric cover (2) is provided at the top opening of the accommodating cylinder (501). A top plate (503) is provided inside the accommodating cylinder (501) for vertical sealing sliding. A support rod (502) is fixed to the bottom of the top plate (503) and extends vertically through the accommodating tube (501). The support rod (502) is in clearance with the bottom end of the accommodating tube (501). A spring is sleeved on the outside of the support rod (502) below the top plate (503) and pressed against the bottom of the accommodating tube (501). A limiting ring (504) is fixed inside the accommodating tube (501) below the top plate (503) to limit the downward movement of the top plate (503). The inner diameter of the limiting ring (504) is smaller than the diameter of the top plate (503). A disc-shaped synchronization disk (505) is fixed to the bottom end of the support rod (502), a chassis (7) is arranged below the isobaric cover (2), a plurality of support brackets (8) for supporting the isobaric cover (2) are arranged around the top of the chassis (7), a plurality of vertically penetrating fixing grooves (701) are arranged around the outer circumference of the chassis (7), and a plurality of pre-clamping components (6) are arranged around the center of the top of the chassis (7).

2. The machining floating fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the chassis (7) is provided with a plurality of rotating ears (702) for supporting the rotation of the pre-clamping assembly (6), the pre-clamping assembly (6) includes an oblique support (601) hinged above the rotating ear (702), the bottom of the oblique support (601) is tilted and gathered inward, and the bottom of the oblique support (601) is provided with a transmission groove (602) extending along the tilting direction thereof, and the outer circumferential side of the synchronization disk (505) is provided with a plurality of extension grooves (505a) for accommodating the bottom end of the oblique support (601).

3. The machining floating fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: A transmission rod (505b) is fixed inside the extension groove (505a) and penetrates into the transmission groove (602). The transmission rod (505b) is slidably engaged with the transmission groove (602). A receiving groove (102) for accommodating the top of the diagonal support (601) is vertically penetrated on the outer circumference side of the positioning plate (1). A fine-tuning frame (603) extending radially along the positioning plate (1) is fixed to the top of the diagonal support (601). A clamping plate (604) is slidably engaged inside the fine-tuning frame (603). The bottom of the clamping plate (604) extends horizontally toward the center of the positioning plate (1).

4. The machining floating fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle part of the fine-tuning frame (603) is rotatably engaged with a screw rod (605) that passes through the clamping plate (604). The screw rod (605) is threadedly engaged with the clamping plate (604). The outer end of the screw rod (605) passes through the fine-tuning frame (603) and is fixed with a disc-shaped knob (605a). The slider (305) is an "I"-shaped structure.

5. The clamping method of a machining floating fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: a. When the workpiece needs to be clamped for machining, the workpiece is placed on the pallet (4), and then hydraulic oil is injected into the isobaric cover (2) through the external hydraulic pump station. The isobaric cover (2) introduces hydraulic oil into the oil cylinder (301) along the hydraulic oil pipe (307), thereby pushing the piston plate (302a) to drive the push rod (302) to move. The gear (303a) in the rotating frame (303) at the end of the push rod (302) drives the two sets of racks (305a) on the outer sides to drive the slider (305) and the clamping arm (306) to slide synchronously. The clamping arms (306) extending from the guide groove (401) to the top of the tray (4) move toward the center of the tray (4). When one of the two groups of synchronously moving clamping arms (306) on both sides of the same group of gears (303a) contacts the workpiece and is blocked from moving, the clamping arms (306) of that group stop, and at the same time, the rotating frame (303) of the gear (303a) continues to be pushed by the push rod (302), and the gear (303a) rotates, thereby using the gear (303a) to continue to push the other group of clamping arms (306) until it contacts the outside of the workpiece. b. When the two clamping arms (306) of one of the clamping assemblies (3) are both pressed against the outside of the workpiece, the two clamping arms (306) of the clamping assembly (3) are both in contact with the workpiece, and the hydraulic oil subsequently input into the isobaric cover (2) by the hydraulic pump station is no longer transported to the clamping assembly (3). Since the hydraulic oil pipes (307) of the multiple clamping assemblies (3) are all connected to the isobaric cover (2), it is ensured that the two clamping arms (306) of the multiple clamping assemblies (3) can contact with the workpiece with the same pressure. To the outside of the workpiece, that is, when the eight clamping arms (306) of the four clamping assemblies (3) all abut against the outside of the workpiece, the four push rods (302) and the piston disc (302a) cannot move when the hydraulic oil is continuously pumped in. At this time, the hydraulic oil that is continuously pumped in increases the pressure in the entire hydraulic pipeline, thereby starting the pressurized clamping action after the multiple clamping arms (306) all abut against the outside of the workpiece, thereby ensuring that the multiple clamping arms (306) can perform the second stage of the clamping action after abutting against the outside of the workpiece in the first stage; c. When hydraulic oil is pumped into the isobaric cover (2) to increase the pressure in the entire hydraulic pipeline and thus increase the clamping force of the clamping arm (306) on the workpiece, the pressure in the accommodating cylinder (501) connected to the isobaric cover (2) increases synchronously, and the pressure of the hydraulic oil pushes the top plate (503) downward to overcome the elastic force of the spring until the bottom side of the top plate (503) moves down to the position of the clamping limit ring (504). At this time, the volume of the oil storage chamber in the accommodating cylinder (501) cannot continue to expand, and the multiple groups of clamping arms (306) can be kept in an isobaric state of pressing different positions on the outside of the workpiece by the oil pressure; d. Before driving the clamping arm (306) to contact the workpiece, the screw (605) is driven to rotate by rotating the knob (605a), and then the screw (605) is used to drive the clamping plate (604) to slide along the fine-tuning frame (603), and then the clamping plates (604) of the four sets of pre-clamping components (6) are pressed against the outside of the workpiece to achieve pre-clamping, and then the four sets of clamping plates (604) are used to pre-position the workpiece before it is positioned by the clamping arm (306), so that the position of the workpiece is maintained when the clamping arm (306) is pressed against the workpiece by the pre-clamping component (6), until all eight sets of clamping arms (306) are pressed against the outside of the workpiece. Hydraulic oil is continuously input into the pressure cover (2), causing the top plate (503) to compress the spring downward, and the support rod (502) at the bottom of the top plate (503) drives the synchronous plate (505) to move downward, and the multiple transmission rods (505b) outside the synchronous plate (505) are used to press the transmission groove (602) downward to support the multiple groups of diagonal supports (601) to rotate outward along the rotating ears (702) to open, thereby releasing the pre-supporting effect of the clamping plate (604) in the fine-tuning frame (603) at the top of the diagonal support (601) on the workpiece, thereby ensuring that the multiple groups of clamping arms (306) begin to press against the workpiece and simultaneously separate and expand the multiple groups of pre-clamping components (6) outward.

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