Method and apparatus for doppler pre-compensation

Abstract

Each of a plurality of Doppler pre-compensation patterns is used to perform Doppler pre-compensation on a synchronization signal to generate a plurality of sets of Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals transmitted using one or more beams. A signal indicating the Doppler pre-compensation pattern used is transmitted in one of a system information block (SIB) or a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message in connection with initial access of a user equipment (UE), idle UE cell reselection, connected UE data channel reception, or UE handover. The signal indicates a Doppler pre-compensation pattern of a transmitting cell and Doppler pre-compensation patterns of one or more neighboring cells. The synchronization signal includes a synchronization signal block (SSB) including a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). The received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals are combined in a time domain in connection with timing synchronization detection, frequency offset (FO) estimation, or reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to Doppler precompensation, and more specifically, to Doppler precompensation for large spot beam / cell sizes, particularly for different UEs at different radial locations from the center to the periphery of the spot beam / cell. Background Technology

[0002] To meet the increased demand for wireless data traffic since the deployment of fourth-generation (4G) communication systems, efforts have been made to develop improved fifth-generation (5G) or pre-5G communication systems. 5G or pre-5G communication systems are also referred to as "super-4G networks" or "post-Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems." 5G communication systems are considered to be implemented in higher frequency (millimeter-wave) bands (e.g., the 60 GHz band) to achieve higher data rates. To reduce radio wave propagation loss and increase transmission distance, beamforming, massive MIMO, full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, and massive MIMO technologies have been discussed for 5G communication systems. Furthermore, in 5G communication systems, system network improvements are being developed based on advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (RAN), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, mobile networks, cooperative communication, cooperative multipoint (CoMP), and receiver interference cancellation. In 5G systems, hybrid frequency shift keying (FSK), FQAM, and sliding window superposition coding (SWSC) have been developed as advanced coding and modulation (ACM), as well as filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) as advanced access technologies.

[0003] The internet, as a human-centric network of connections where humans generate and consume information, is now evolving into the Internet of Things (IoT), in which distributed entities (such as things) exchange and process information without human intervention. The Internet of Everything (IoE), combining IoT technology with big data processing technology, has emerged through connection to cloud servers. With technological elements such as the network connecting human-generated and consumed information, the IoT is now evolving towards cloud servers with IoT implementations, and recent research has focused on sensor networks, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), and more. Such an IoT environment can provide intelligent internet technology services, creating new value for human life by collecting and analyzing data generated between connected objects. Through the convergence and integration of existing information technology (IT) and various industrial applications, IoT can be applied to a wide range of fields, including smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart or connected cars, smart grids, healthcare, smart appliances, and advanced medical services.

[0004] Correspondingly, various attempts have been made to apply 5G communication systems to IoT networks. For example, technologies such as sensor networks, MTC, and M2M communication can be implemented through beamforming, MIMO, and array antennas. The application of cloud RAN, as a big data processing technology, can also be seen as an example of the convergence between 5G and IoT technologies.

[0005] The discussion of 5G systems and related technologies is for informational purposes only, as some embodiments of this disclosure can be implemented in 5G systems, sixth-generation (6G) systems, or even higher versions that may use terahertz (THz) frequency bands. However, this disclosure is not limited to any particular category of systems or associated frequency bands, and embodiments of this disclosure can be used in conjunction with any frequency band. For example, aspects of this disclosure can also be applied to the deployment of 5G communication systems, 6G communication systems, or communications using THz frequency bands. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical solutions

[0007] The mechanisms and electronics used for multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation take into account various factors such as spot beam / cell size, Doppler frequency shift seen by the UE, and / or Doppler frequency shift difference between different UEs within the spot beam / cell.

[0008] Doppler precompensation is performed on the synchronization signal using each of multiple Doppler precompensation modes to generate multiple sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals transmitted using one or more beams. A signal indicating the used Doppler precompensation mode is transmitted in one of the System Information Block (SIB) or Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration messages, in conjunction with initial access to a User Equipment (UE), idle UE cell reselection, connected UE data channel reception, or UE handover. This signal indicates the Doppler precompensation mode of the transmitting cell and one or more neighboring cells. The synchronization signal includes a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB), which comprises a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). The received Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals are combined in the time domain in conjunction with timing synchronization detection, frequency offset (FO) estimation, or Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurement.

[0009] Other technical features will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following figures, description and claims. Attached Figure Description

[0010] To gain a more complete understanding of this disclosure and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0011] Figure 1 Exemplary networking systems according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown;

[0012] Figure 2 Exemplary base stations (BSs) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown;

[0013] Figure 3 Exemplary electronic devices for communication in a networked computing system are shown according to various embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0014] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0015] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0016] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0017] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0018] Figure 8A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0019] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0020] Figures 10A-10B An example of a 2-Doppler pre-compensated SSB mode (Type A) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0021] Figure 11 An example of an 8-Doppler pre-compensated SSB mode (Type A) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0022] Figure 12A-12B An example of a Do-Doppler pre-compensated SSB mode (Type B) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0023] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0024] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0025] Figure 15 An exemplary scheduling operation for dual-valued Doppler precompensation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0026] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0027] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0028] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0029] Figure 19 A base station according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown; and

[0030] Figure 20 A user equipment (UE) according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The best mode for implementing an invention

[0032] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a user equipment (UE) is provided, comprising: a transceiver configured to receive a plurality of sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals using one or more beams, the plurality of sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals corresponding to each of a plurality of Doppler precompensation modes applied to the sets of synchronization signals; and a processor coupled to the transceiver, the processor being configured to combine two or more sets of the received sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals in the time domain in conjunction with one of timing synchronization detection, frequency offset (FO) estimation, or reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement.

[0033] In this embodiment, the set of received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals is combined based on one of a predefined Doppler pre-compensation mode or an indication of the received Doppler pre-compensation mode.

[0034] In this embodiment, the indication of the received Doppler pre-compensation mode is received in conjunction with either a System Information Block (SIB) or a Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

[0035] In this embodiment, the received Doppler pre-compensation mode indication indicates the Doppler pre-compensation mode of the transmitting cell and the Doppler pre-compensation modes of one or more neighboring cells.

[0036] In this embodiment, the set of synchronization signals includes a synchronization signal block (SSB), which includes at least a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS).

[0037] In this embodiment, the indication of the Doppler pre-compensated mode is received in the System Information Block (SIB), and the processor is configured to combine two or more sets of the received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals in the time domain during either data channel reception or switching.

[0038] In this embodiment, the indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode is received in a Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message, and the processor is configured to combine two or more sets of the received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals in the time domain during handover.

[0039] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a method is provided comprising: receiving, using one or more beams, a plurality of sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals, the plurality of sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals corresponding to each of a plurality of Doppler precompensation modes applied to the sets of synchronization signals; and combining, in the time domain, two or more sets of the received sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals in combination with one of timing synchronization detection, frequency offset (FO) estimation, or reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement.

[0040] In this embodiment, the set of received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals is combined based on one of a predefined Doppler pre-compensation mode or an indication of the received Doppler pre-compensation mode.

[0041] In this embodiment, the indication of the received Doppler pre-compensation mode is received in conjunction with either a System Information Block (SIB) or a Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

[0042] In this embodiment, the received Doppler pre-compensation mode indication indicates the Doppler pre-compensation mode of the transmitting cell and the Doppler pre-compensation modes of one or more neighboring cells.

[0043] In this embodiment, the set of synchronization signals includes a synchronization signal block (SSB), which includes at least a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS).

[0044] In this embodiment, the indication of the Doppler pre-compensated mode is received in the System Information Block (SIB), and two or more sets of the received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals are combined in the time domain during one of the data channel reception or handover.

[0045] In this embodiment, the indication of the Doppler pre-compensated mode is received in a Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message, and two or more sets of the received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals are combined in the time domain during handover.

[0046] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a base station (BS) is provided, comprising: a processor configured to perform Doppler precompensation on a set of synchronization signals using each of a plurality of Doppler precompensation modes to generate a plurality of sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals; and a transceiver coupled to the processor, the transceiver being configured to transmit the plurality of sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals using one or more beams.

[0047] In this embodiment, the transceiver is configured to transmit a Doppler pre-compensation mode indicating a set of Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals. The signal indicating the Doppler pre-compensation mode includes either a System Information Block (SIB) or a Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

[0048] In this embodiment, the signal indicating the Doppler pre-compensation mode is transmitted in conjunction with one of the following: initial access of the user equipment (UE), idle UE cell reselection, connected UE data channel reception, or UE handover.

[0049] In this embodiment, the signal indicating the Doppler pre-compensation mode indicates the Doppler pre-compensation mode of the transmitting cell and the Doppler pre-compensation mode of one or more neighboring cells.

[0050] In this embodiment, the set of synchronization signals includes a synchronization signal block (SSB), which includes at least a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS).

[0051] In this embodiment, the indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode is transmitted in a System Information Block (SIB) for combining two or more sets of received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals in the time domain during either data channel reception or handover, and wherein the indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode is transmitted in a Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message for combining two or more sets of received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals in the time domain during handover.

[0052] Invention Model

[0053] The accompanying drawings and various embodiments used to illustrate the principles of this disclosure are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure in any way. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of this disclosure can be implemented in any suitably arranged wireless communication system.

[0054] References:

[0055] [1] 3GPP, TR 38.811, Study on New Radio (NR) to support non-terrestrial networks, v15.2.0, September 2019.

[0056] [2] 3GPP, TR 38.821, Solutions for NR to support non-terrestrial networks (NTN), v16.0.0, December 2019.

[0057] [3] 3GPP, TS 38.213, NR: Physical layer procedures for control, v15.5.0, March 2019.

[0058] [4] 3GPP, TS 38.211, NR: Physical channels and modulation, v16.1.0, March 2020.

[0059] [5] 3GPP, TS 38.331, NR: Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol specification, v15.5.1, April 2019.

[0060] The above references are incorporated herein by reference.

[0061] abbreviation:

[0062] THz Terahertz

[0063] CFO carrier frequency offset

[0064] CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal

[0065] FO frequency offset

[0066] BS base station

[0067] UE User Equipment

[0068] NTN non-terrestrial networks

[0069] NR New Radio

[0070] LEO (Low Earth Orbit)

[0071] LTE Long Term Evolution

[0072] 3GPP Third Generation Partner Program

[0073] PSS Master Synchronization Signal

[0074] SSS auxiliary synchronization signal

[0075] PBCH Physics Broadcasting Channel

[0076] SSB Synchronization Signal Block

[0077] PAPR Peak to Average Power Ratio

[0078] FR frequency range

[0079] SFN system frame number

[0080] RSRP reference signal received power

[0081] PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0082] PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel

[0083] It may be advantageous to define certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document. The term “coupled” and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, regardless of whether those elements are physically in contact with each other. The terms “transmit,” “receive,” and “communicate,” and their derivatives include both direct and indirect communication. The terms “comprise” and “include,” and their derivatives, mean unrestricted inclusion. The term “or” is inclusive, meaning and / or. The phrase “associated” and its derivatives mean including, being included, interconnected, containing, being contained, connected to or connected with, coupled to or coupled with, communicable, cooperating, interleaving, juxtaposing, proximate, being combined to or combined with, having, having attributes, having a relationship with, etc. The term “controller” refers to any device, system, or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller may be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software and / or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller may be centralized or distributed, local or remote. When used with a list of items, the phrase “at least one” means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and that only one item from the list may be required. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C. Therefore, a collection of items can be a single item or a collection of two or more items.

[0084] Furthermore, the various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each computer program being formed by computer-readable program code and contained in a computer-readable medium. The terms "application" and "program" refer to one or more computer programs, software components, instruction sets, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, associated data, or portions thereof suitable for implementation in appropriate computer-readable program code. The phrase "computer-readable program code" includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase "computer-readable medium" includes any type of medium accessible by a computer, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), hard disk drive, optical disc (CD), digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of storage. "Non-transitory" computer-readable media does not include wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transmit transient electrical or other signals. Non-transitory computer-readable media includes media that can persistently store data and media that can store data and be rewritten later, such as rewritable optical discs or erasable storage devices.

[0085] Definitions of other specific words and phrases are also provided in this patent document. Those skilled in the art will understand that, in many (if not most) cases, such definitions apply to the prior and future use of the words and phrases defined in this way.

[0086] Doppler effect in non-terrestrial networks

[0087] Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) refer to networks that include airborne or space-based vehicles used for transmission. Airborne vehicles include high-altitude platforms, such as unmanned aerial vehicle systems (UAS), operating at altitudes between 8 and 50 kilometers (km). Space-based vehicles include satellites operating in low Earth orbit (LEO), medium Earth orbit (MEO), geostationary orbit (GEO), or highly elliptical orbit (HEO). Non-terrestrial networks are an important component of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems, used to increase coverage and availability in areas without or with limited terrestrial network service, such as high-speed train, ship, and airplane scenarios ([1], [2]). The Doppler effect (or Doppler shift) is generally not a factor in geostationary satellite systems because GEO satellites are almost quasi-static relative to the UE on Earth, with only a small Doppler shift. However, due to the very high velocity of LEO satellites relative to the Earth's surface, the Doppler shift is significant in LEO satellite systems, resulting in a very large deviation of the received signal from the original frequency and wavelength.

[0088] Conventional Doppler processing techniques in LEO systems

[0089] Typically, the very large Doppler shift caused by LEO satellite movement can be pre-compensated by the transmitting equipment. Given the satellite ephemeris and knowledge of the satellite's spot beam position on Earth, the downlink signal transmitted from the satellite can be pre-compensated using a Doppler shift value targeted to the center of the spot beam on Earth. The purpose of this beam-center-targeted pre-compensation is to attempt to limit the frequency offset (including the Doppler shift of different UEs within the spot beam on Earth) to within the UE's processing capabilities. However, with large spot beam sizes (or diameters), single-value Doppler pre-compensation targeting the beam center will not be sufficient to reduce the Doppler shift for UEs near the edge of the spot beam (or cell).

[0090] This drives the use of multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mechanisms, as described in this disclosure, which take into account factors such as spot beam / cell size, Doppler shift seen by the UE, and / or Doppler shift difference between different UEs within the spot beam / cell. The multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation according to this disclosure considers various factors such as spot beam / cell size, Doppler shift seen by the UE, and / or Doppler shift difference between different UEs within the spot beam / cell. The BS / satellite can transmit different sets of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) targeting different portions of the spot beam / cell, applying different values ​​of the Doppler shift for pre-compensation. UEs in different portions of the spot beam / cell will be able to access and connect to the network through the specified set of SSBs.

[0091] Figure 1 Exemplary networking systems according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment of the wireless network 100 is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless network 100 includes base stations (BS) 101, BS 102, and BS 103. BS 101 communicates with BS 102 and BS 103. BS 101 also communicates with at least one Internet Protocol (IP) network 130 (such as the Internet, a proprietary IP network, or another data network).

[0093] BS 102 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a first plurality of user equipments (UEs) within its coverage area 120. The first plurality of UEs includes: UE 111, which may be located in a small business (SB); UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E); UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R1); UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R2); and UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M), such as a cellular phone, wireless laptop, wireless PDA, etc. BS 103 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to a second plurality of UEs within its coverage area 125. The second plurality of UEs includes UE 115 and UE 116. In some embodiments, one or more BSs in BS 101-103 may use 5G, LTE, LTE-A Advanced, WiMAX, WiFi or other wireless communication technologies to communicate with each other and with UE 111-116.

[0094] Depending on the network type, other well-known terms may be used instead of "base station" or "BS," such as Node B, Evolved Node B ("eNodeb" or "eNB"), 5G Node B ("gNodeB" or "gNB"), or "access point." For convenience, the terms "base station" and / or "BS" are used in this disclosure to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Furthermore, depending on the network type, other well-known terms may be used instead of "user equipment" or "UE," such as "mobile station" (or "MS"), "user station" (or "SS"), "remote terminal," "wireless terminal," or "user equipment." For convenience, the terms "user equipment" and "UE" are used in this patent document to refer to remote wireless devices that provide wireless access to the BS, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smartphone) or is generally considered to be a fixed device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0095] The dashed lines indicate the approximate extent of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for illustrative and explanatory purposes only. It should be clearly understood that, depending on the configuration of the BS and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstacles, the coverage areas associated with the BS, such as coverage areas 120 and 125, may have other shapes, including irregular shapes.

[0096] although Figure 1 An example of a wireless network 100 is shown, but more details can be found on other wireless networks. Figure 1 Various modifications can be made. For example, wireless network 100 can include any number of BSs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Furthermore, BS 101 can communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide these UEs with wireless broadband access to network 130. Similarly, each BS 102-103 can communicate directly with network 130 and provide UEs with direct wireless broadband access to network 130. Additionally, BS 101, 102, and / or 103 can provide access to other or additional external networks (such as external telephone networks or other types of data networks).

[0097] Figure 2 Exemplary base stations (BSs) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 2 The embodiment of BS 200 shown is for illustrative purposes only, and Figure 1 BS 101 and 103 can have the same or similar configurations. However, BSs have a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 2 This disclosure is not intended to limit the scope to any particular implementation of BS.

[0098] like Figure 2As shown, the BS 200 includes multiple antennas 280a-280n, multiple radio frequency (RF) transceivers 282a-282n, transmit (TX or Tx) processing circuitry 284, and receive (RX or Rx) processing circuitry 286. The BS 200 also includes a controller / processor 288, a memory 290, and a backhaul or network interface 292.

[0099] RF transceivers 282a-282n receive incoming RF signals, such as signals transmitted by a UE in network 100, from antennas 280a-280n. RF transceivers 282a-282n down-convert the incoming RF signals to generate IF or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are sent to RX processing circuitry 286, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signals. RX processing circuitry 286 sends the processed baseband signal to controller / processor 288 for further processing.

[0100] The TX processing circuit 284 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, network data, email, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 288. The TX processing circuit 284 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. RF transceivers 282a-282n receive the processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuit 284 and up-convert the baseband or IF signal into an RF signal transmitted via antennas 280a-280n.

[0101] The controller / processor 288 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the BS 200. For example, the controller / processor 288 may control the RF transceivers 282a-282n, the RX processing circuitry 286, and the TX processing circuitry 284 to receive forward channel signals and transmit reverse channel signals, based on well-known principles. The controller / processor 288 may also support additional functions, such as more advanced wireless communication functions and / or processes described in further detail below. For example, the controller / processor 288 may support beamforming or directional routing operations, wherein the output signals from multiple antennas 280a-280n are weighted differently to effectively direct outgoing signals in a desired direction. The controller / processor 288 may support any of a variety of other functions within the BS 200. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 288 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0102] The controller / processor 288 is also capable of executing programs and other processes residing in the memory 290, such as the basic operating system (OS). The controller / processor 288 can move data into or out of the memory 290 as needed by the executing process.

[0103] The controller / processor 288 is also coupled to a backhaul or network interface 292. The backhaul or network interface 292 allows the BS 200 to communicate with other devices or systems via a backhaul connection or network. Interface 292 can support communication via any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, when the BS 200 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as a cellular communication system supporting 6G, 5G, LTE, or LTE-A), interface 292 can allow the BS 200 to communicate with other BSs via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the BS 200 is implemented as an access point, interface 292 can allow the BS 200 to communicate with a larger network (such as the Internet) via a wired or wireless local area network or via a wired or wireless connection. Interface 292 includes any suitable architecture supporting communication over wired or wireless connections, such as Ethernet or RF transceivers.

[0104] Memory 290 is coupled to controller / processor 288. A portion of memory 290 may include RAM, and another portion of memory 290 may include flash memory or other ROM.

[0105] As described in more detail below, base stations in a networked computing system can be assigned as either a source BS or a slave BS based on their interference relationships with other neighboring BSs. In some embodiments, the assignment may be provided by a shared spectrum manager. In other embodiments, the assignment may be agreed upon by the BSs in the networked computing system. The source BS sends an OSS to the slave BS to establish the slave BS's transmission timing.

[0106] although Figure 2 An example of BS 200 is shown, but it is possible to modify it. Figure 2 Various changes can be made. For example, BS 200 may include... Figure 2 Each component can be any number shown. As a specific example, an access point may include multiple interfaces 292, and the controller / processor 288 may support routing functionality to route data between different network addresses. As another specific example, although shown as a single instance including TX processing circuitry 284 and a single instance including RX processing circuitry 286, the gNB 200 may include multiple instances of each (such as one instance per RF transceiver). Furthermore, Figure 2 The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed.

[0107] Figure 3 Exemplary electronic devices for communication in a networked computing system are illustrated according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In one embodiment, electronic device 300 is a user device implemented as a mobile device, which can represent Figure 1 One of the UEs in the system.

[0108] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 300 includes a bus system 305 that supports communication between at least one processing device 310, at least one storage device 315, at least one communication unit 320 and at least one input / output (I / O) unit 325.

[0109] Processing device 310 executes instructions that can be loaded into memory 330. Processing device 310 may include any suitable number and type of processors or other devices in any suitable arrangement. Example types of processing device 310 include microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, field-programmable gate arrays, application-specific integrated circuits, and discrete circuits.

[0110] Memory 330 and persistent storage device 335 are examples of storage device 315, which represent any(s) structure capable of storing and facilitating the retrieval of information (such as data, program code, and / or other suitable temporary or persistent information). Memory 330 may represent random access memory or any other suitable(s) volatile or non-volatile storage device. Persistent storage device 335 may include one or more components or devices supporting long-term storage of data, such as read-only memory, hard disk drive, flash memory, or optical disk.

[0111] Communication unit 320 supports communication with other systems or devices. For example, communication unit 320 may include a network interface card or a wireless transceiver to facilitate communication via network 130. Communication unit 320 can support communication via any suitable physical or wireless communication link(s).

[0112] I / O unit 325 allows for data input and output. For example, I / O unit 325 can provide connectivity for user input via a keyboard, mouse, keypad, touchscreen, or other suitable input device. I / O unit 325 can also send output to a display, printer, or other suitable output device.

[0113] As described in more detail below, electronic device 300 can be used as a shared spectrum manager in a networked computing system, capable of generating synchronization source / slave allocations and configuring synchronization signals.

[0114] although Figure 3 It shows multiple base stations (such as Figure 1 Examples of electronic devices 300 in the wireless system of base stations 101, 102, and 103, but more can be found in... Figure 3 Make various changes. For example, Figure 3The various components within can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed. Furthermore, like computing and communication networks, servers can have a wide variety of configurations, and... Figure 3 This disclosure is not limited to any particular electronic device.

[0115] One embodiment relates to the operation of multi-value Doppler pre-compensation in a LEO satellite system, although this operation can also be applied to other wireless communication systems. It should not be construed as a limitation of the scope of this disclosure. Embodiments of multi-value Doppler pre-compensation in a LEO satellite system include operations for initial access procedures, cell reselection for idle UEs, downlink data reception, and handover of connected UEs.

[0116] Multi-valued Doppler precompensation for the initial access process

[0117] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The method 400 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0118] Figure 4 An exemplary operation flow 400 at the BS and the transmission made by the BS to the UE are illustrated. In operation 401, the BS, such as an LEO satellite, can apply multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation to different sets of SSBs. An example of the BS performing Doppler pre-compensation is that the BS applies a phase rotation with a rotation rate determined by, for example, a frequency representing the Doppler frequency shift value to the time-domain waveform before downlink transmission. In operation 402, the BS broadcasts the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensated SSBs to the UE.

[0119] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The method 500 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0120] Figure 5 An exemplary operation flow 500 at the UE and the reception by the UE from the BS are illustrated. In operation 501, the UE (e.g., a UE in the initial access process) may receive an SSB broadcast by the BS. In operation 502, the UE may attempt to detect one or more SSBs to achieve synchronization and access the network. For multiple SSB detections, the UE may combine multiple SSBs to improve detection performance, such as the accuracy of timing synchronization, frequency offset (FO) estimation, and reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement.

[0121] Depending on factors such as the satellite's spot beam / cell size, altitude, and speed of movement relative to the Earth's surface, the BS / satellite can determine the number of different Doppler values ​​used for pre-compensation operations. For example, for an LEO satellite system with a 2 GHz carrier frequency, a 600 km altitude, a speed of 7.65 km / s, and a spot beam diameter of 600 km, two UEs on opposite edges of the spot beam directly below the satellite will each see a Doppler shift difference of 48 kHz, or ±24 kHz, or 12 ppm (parts per million), respectively. If the UEs expect a Doppler shift variation of 10 ppm to handle synchronization during initial access, single-value Doppler pre-compensation targeting the beam center (i.e., 0 Hz in this example) will not be sufficient to reduce the Doppler shift used for synchronizing the two UEs and accessing the network. For multi-value Doppler pre-compensation, the BS can apply different Doppler shifts for signal pre-compensation before transmission. In the above system deployment example, the BS can apply a +12kHz Doppler shift to one half of the SSB and a -12kHz Doppler shift to the other half of the SSB for pre-compensation, so that all UEs within the spot beam can be synchronized and access the network through detection of either half of the SSB.

[0122] Furthermore, considering the initial cell selection, the UE can assume that the synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block (or SSB) appear with a period of 2 frames [3], where i represents the index of the system frame number (SFN) from 0 to 1023, and k = [1 / 2]. The number N of Doppler shift values ​​used for pre-compensation of the SS / PBCH block (or SSB) is... Doppler And the number N of SS / PBCH blocks (or SSBs) pre-compensated by the same Doppler frequency shift value. identical The number N of SS / PBCH blocks (or SSBs) in the two frames, frame k and frame (k+1), is determined by... SSB Determined and satisfied

[0123] N SSB =N Doppler ×N identical ,

[0124] Where N SSB N Doppler and N identical It is an integer.

[0125] N in frame k and frame (k+1) SSB SS / PBCH blocks (or SSBs) from 0 to N SSB -1 is used for indexing, where index 0 corresponds to the first SS / PBCH block (or SSB) in these two frames. N is used for pre-compensation.Doppler The Doppler frequency shift values ​​are sorted in ascending order, from 0 to N. Doppler -1 is used as the index, where index 0 corresponds to the first Doppler shift value in the set of Doppler shift values. The pre-compensation mode is determined as follows:

[0126] Type A: The l-th Doppler frequency shift value is applied to the (i·N)-th frame in both the k-th and (k+1)-th frames. Doppler ) SS / PBCH blocks (or SSBs), where n = 0, 1, ..., N identical -1.

[0127] Type B: The l-th Doppler frequency shift value is applied to the (i·N)-th frame in both the k-th and (k+1)-th frames. Doppler ) to the [(l+1)·N_ Doppler -1] SS / PBCH blocks (or SSB).

[0128] For Type A mode, multiple Doppler frequency shift values ​​can be successively applied to adjacent SSBs for pre-compensation, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown. When the UE knows the frequency difference between two adjacent SSBs, the UE can try to rotate the phase of one or two SSBs to align them with each other, and then combine the two SSBs to achieve better SSB detection performance, such as the accuracy of timing synchronization, FO estimation and RSRP measurement.

[0129] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 6 The method 600 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0130] Figure 6 An exemplary operation flow 600 at the BS and the transmission made by the BS to the UE are illustrated. In operation 601, the BS, such as an LEO satellite, can apply multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation to different sets of SSBs. An example of the BS performing Doppler pre-compensation is that the BS applies a phase rotation with a rotation rate determined by, for example, a frequency representing the Doppler frequency shift value, to the time-domain waveform before downlink transmission. For multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation, multiple Doppler frequency shift values ​​can be successively applied to adjacent SSBs for pre-compensation (e.g., Type A mode). In operation 602, the BS broadcasts the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensated SSBs to the UE.

[0131] Figure 7 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7The method 700 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0132] Figure 7 An exemplary operational flow 700 at the UE and the UE's reception from the BS are illustrated. In operation 701, the UE (e.g., during initial access) may receive an SSB broadcast by the BS. In operation 702, the UE may assume and / or be aware of a multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mode, such as type A mode, and attempt to detect multiple SSBs to achieve synchronization and access the network. For example, the UE may attempt to assess the frequency difference between two adjacent SSBs, then attempt to rotate the phase of one or both SSBs to align them with each other, and then combine the two SSBs to achieve better SSB detection performance, such as accuracy of timing synchronization, FO estimation, and RSRP measurement.

[0133] For Type B mode, one of several Doppler frequency shift values ​​can be applied to multiple consecutive SSBs. When the UE is aware that Type B is being applied to an SSB, it can attempt to combine two or more consecutive SSBs to achieve better SSB detection performance, such as accuracy in timing synchronization, FO estimation, and RSRP measurement.

[0134] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 8 The method 800 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0135] Figure 8 An exemplary operation flow 800 at the BS and the transmission made by the BS to the UE are illustrated. In operation 801, the BS, such as an LEO satellite, can apply multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation to different sets of SSBs. An example of the BS performing Doppler pre-compensation is that the BS applies a phase rotation with a rotation rate determined by, for example, a frequency representing the Doppler shift value, to the time-domain waveform before downlink transmission. For multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation, one of multiple Doppler shift values ​​can be applied to multiple consecutive SSBs for pre-compensation (e.g., Type B mode). In operation 802, the BS broadcasts the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensated SSBs to the UE.

[0136] Figure 9 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation for an initial access procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 9 The method 900 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0137] Figure 9An exemplary operational flow 900 at a UE according to an embodiment of this disclosure and the UE's reception from a BS are illustrated. In operation 901, the UE (e.g., a UE during initial access) may receive an SSB broadcast by the BS. In operation 902, the UE may assume and / or be aware of a multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mode, such as type B mode, and attempt to detect multiple SSBs to achieve synchronization and access the network. For example, the UE may attempt to combine two or more consecutive SSBs to achieve better SSB detection performance, such as accuracy of timing synchronization, FO estimation, and RSRP measurement.

[0138] Figures 10A-10B An example of a 2-Doppler pre-compensated SSB mode (Type A) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figures 10A-10B Examples 1000 and 1010 depicted are for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0139] Figures 10A-10B Examples of 2-Doppler pre-compensated SSB patterns (Type A) for different SSB cycles and four SSBs in each SSB burst set are depicted. Figure 10A and 10B Two Doppler frequency shift values ​​(D1 and D2) are used for SSB periods of 20 milliseconds (ms) and 10 milliseconds, respectively. The two Doppler frequency shift values ​​are applied alternately to adjacent SSBs in a two-frame time period.

[0140] Figure 11 An example of an 8-Doppler pre-compensated SSB mode (Type A) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 11 Example 1100 depicted is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0141] Figure 11 An example of an 8-Doppler pre-compensated SSB mode (Type A) is depicted for a 10 ms SSB period and four SSBs per SSB burst. Over a 2-frame time period, eight Doppler frequency shift values ​​are continuously applied to eight consecutive SSBs.

[0142] Figure 12A-12B An example of a Do-Doppler pre-compensated SSB mode (Type B) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 12A-12B Examples 1200 and 1210 depicted are for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0143] Figure 12A and 12B Examples of Do-Doppler pre-compensated SSB patterns (Type B) for different SSB cycles and four SSBs in each SSB burst set are depicted. Figure 12A For a 20ms SSB period and 2-Doppler precompensation, one of the two Doppler frequency shift values ​​is applied to two consecutive SSBs. Figure 12B For a 5ms SSB period and 8-Doppler pre-compensation, one of eight Doppler offset values ​​is applied to two consecutive SSBs within a 2-frame time period.

[0144] For example, considering the impact of multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation on the baseband waveform, for any physical channel or signal other than the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), for OFDM symbols in a subframe A time-continuous signal configured at antenna port p and subcarrier spacing μ Defined as

[0145]

[0146]

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] At the beginning of the subframe, t = 0.

[0150]

[0151]

[0152] and

[0153] It represents the frequency or phase rotation rate used for pre-compensation of the Doppler frequency shift value, which is applied to the time-domain waveform before downlink transmission;

[0154] Δf is given by clause 4.2 in [4];

[0155] μ is the subcarrier spacing configuration;

[0156] μ0 is the largest μ value in the subcarrier spacing configuration determined by the higher-level parameter scs-SpecificCarrierList.

[0157] For multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation It is the nth frequency value in the set of Doppler frequency shift values ​​used for pre-compensation.

[0158] Multi-valued Doppler precompensation for idle UE cell reselection

[0159] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 13 The method 1300 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0160] Figure 13 An exemplary operational flow 1300 at the BS and the transmission made by the BS to the UE are illustrated. In operation 1301, similar to operation 401, the BS (e.g., a LEO satellite) can, according to certain multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation modes, such as… Figures 10A-10B As shown in the examples of Figure 12, Type A and / or Type B apply multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation to different sets of SSBs. One example of the BS performing Doppler pre-compensation is that the BS applies a phase rotation with a rotation rate determined by, for example, a frequency representing the Doppler shift value to the time-domain waveform before downlink transmission. Similar to operation 402, in operation 1302, the BS broadcasts the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensated SSBs to the UE. In operation 1303, the BS broadcasts a system information block, including the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mode. Information regarding whether single-valued or multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation and / or the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mode is applied can be broadcast in a system information block including a Master Information Block (MIB) and / or a System Information Block (SIB).

[0161] For example, although other system information blocks including MIBs and / or other SIBs can also be used for this purpose, such information for the serving cell can be broadcast in System Information Block Type 1 (SIB1) defined using Abstract Syntax Marker 1 (ASN.1), as described below (emphasis added):

[0162] For type A :

[0163]

[0164] "ssb-MultiDoppler" indicates whether single-valued or multi-valued Doppler precompensation is applied, "ssb-NrofDopplerShift" indicates the number of Doppler frequency shift values ​​used for precompensation, and "ssb-DopplerDiffKHz" indicates the difference in Doppler frequency shift between two adjacent SSBs, in kHz.

[0165] For type B:

[0166]

[0167] "ssb-MultiDoppler" indicates whether single-valued or multi-valued Doppler precompensation is applied, "ssb-NrofDopplerShift" indicates the number of Doppler frequency shift values ​​used for precompensation, and "ssb-NrofIdenticalDoppler" indicates the number of SSBs precompensated by the same Doppler frequency shift value.

[0168] In addition to SIB1, other system information blocks, including MIB and / or other SIBs, can also be used to broadcast information about whether single-value or multi-value Doppler precompensation and / or multi-value Doppler precompensation modes are applied. For example, such information for adjacent cells within a frequency range can be broadcast in SIB3, although other system information blocks can also be used for this purpose, as described below (emphasis added):

[0169] For type A:

[0170]

[0171] For type B:

[0172]

[0173] In another example, such information regarding the application of single-valued or multi-valued Doppler precompensation and / or multi-valued Doppler precompensation modes can be broadcast in SIB4 for inter-frequency adjacent cells, although other system information blocks including MIBs and / or other SIBs can also be used for this purpose, as described below (emphasis added):

[0174] For type A:

[0175]

[0176] For type B:

[0177]

[0178] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 14 The method 1400 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0179] Figure 14An exemplary operational flow 1400 at the UE is illustrated. In operation 1401, the UE receives an SSB and detects one or more SSBs. These SSBs may have already undergone Doppler pre-compensation by the BS. In operation 1402, the UE receives a system information block, such as a MIB and / or SIB, which includes information on single-value and / or multi-value Doppler pre-compensation parameters for the serving / neighboring cell. In operation 1403, based on knowledge of the Doppler pre-compensation pattern, the UE can accordingly combine multiple SSBs in the time domain to improve timing synchronization, FO estimation, and RSRP measurement performance. For example, information on the multi-value Doppler pre-compensation pattern can be used by idle and / or inactive UEs to perform SSB combination to improve SSB detection performance (including timing synchronization and FO estimation) and RSRP measurement performance for cell reselection.

[0180] Multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation for connecting UE data channel reception and handover

[0181] In the case of multi-valued Doppler precompensation where different SSB sets are precompensated by different Doppler frequency shift values, the BS can apply the same Doppler frequency shift precompensation to the same SSB set through which the UE obtains synchronization and accesses the network for the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), and downlink reference signals (such as Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)).

[0182] Figure 15 An exemplary scheduling operation for 2-valued Doppler precompensation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 15 The method 1500 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0183] Figure 15 A diagram illustrating exemplary two-valued Doppler precompensation and associated scheduling operations including SSB, SIB, Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, CSI-RS, PDCCH, and PDSCH is shown. For the two Doppler frequency shift values ​​used for precompensation, namely "Doppler value 1" and "Doppler value 2":

[0184] OFDM symbols used for DL ​​transmission can be divided into two Doppler pre-compensation groups in a time-division manner: Group 1 (white block) is pre-compensated by "Doppler value 1"; Group 2 (shaded block) is pre-compensated by "Doppler value 2".

[0185] The BS can schedule UEs (e.g., UEs in connected mode that are synchronized and access the network via an SSB with a Doppler value of 1) to perform DL transmissions in Group 1, including RRC messages, PDCCH, PDSCH, and other DL reference signals (such as CSI-RS). Furthermore, the UE can tune its local oscillator based on the FO estimate using the SSB with a Doppler value of 1, and then track FO changes based on other DL reference signals (such as CSI-RS).

[0186] When different DL reference signals and channels (e.g., SSB / PDSCH / CSI-RS / DMRS / PDCCH) are to be scheduled in the same OFDM symbol, those reference signals and channels need to be in the same Doppler pre-compensation group.

[0187] In the case of switching the connected UE, such as Figure 13 As shown in the example, the UE can combine multiple SSBs using information from the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mode broadcast by the system information block including the MIB and / or SIB, in order to improve the SSB detection performance, including timing synchronization and FO estimation, as well as the RSRP measurement performance for the handover process.

[0188] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 16 The method 1600 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0189] Figure 16 An exemplary operational flow 1600 at a UE in a connected state is illustrated. In operation 1601, the UE receives and detects one or more SSBs. These SSBs may have already undergone Doppler pre-compensation by the BS. In operation 1602, the UE receives system information blocks, such as MIBs and / or SIBs, which include information on single-value and / or multi-value Doppler pre-compensation parameters for the serving / neighboring cell. In operation 1603, based on knowledge of the Doppler pre-compensation pattern, the UE can accordingly combine multiple SSBs in the time domain to improve timing synchronization, FO estimation, and RSRP measurement performance. For example, a UE in a connected state can utilize information from multi-value Doppler pre-compensation patterns to perform SSB combination to improve SSB detection performance, including timing synchronization and FO estimation, as well as RSRP measurement performance for the handover process.

[0190] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating an example of BS operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 17 The method 1700 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0191] Figure 17 An exemplary operational flow 1700 at the BS and the transmission made by the BS to the UE are illustrated. In operation 1701, similar to operation 401, the BS (e.g., a LEO satellite) can, according to certain multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation modes, such as... Figures 10A-10B As shown in the examples of Figure 12, type A and / or type B, multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation is applied to different sets of SSBs. One example of the BS performing Doppler pre-compensation is that the BS applies a phase rotation with a rotation rate determined by, for example, a frequency representing the Doppler shift value to a time-domain waveform before downlink transmission. Similar to operation 402, in operation 1702, the BS broadcasts the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensated SSB to the UE. In operation 1703, the BS sends an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE [5], including the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mode, such as in the case of UE handover in connected mode.

[0192] For example, the information may include whether the same Doppler pre-compensation mode is applied before and after the handover, and / or the multi-value Doppler pre-compensation mode of the target neighboring cell that the UE wants to measure and hand over to. This information can be transmitted via an RRC reconfiguration message, as shown below (emphasis added):

[0193] For type A:

[0194]

[0195]

[0196] For type B:

[0197]

[0198]

[0199] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating an example of UE operation according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 18 The method 1800 described herein is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0200] Figure 18An exemplary operation flow 1800 at the UE is illustrated. In operation 1801, the UE receives an SSB and detects one or more SSBs. These SSBs may have already been Doppler pre-compensated by the BS. In operation 1802, the UE receives an RRC reconfiguration message, which includes information about a multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mode. For example, information about whether the same Doppler pre-compensation mode is applied before and after handover, and / or the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mode used by the UE for measurement and handover to the target neighboring cell. In operation 1803, based on the knowledge of the Doppler pre-compensation mode, the UE can accordingly combine multiple SSBs in the time domain to improve timing synchronization, FO estimation, and RSRP measurement performance. For example, a connected UE can utilize the information of the multi-valued Doppler pre-compensation mode to perform SSB combination to improve SSB detection performance (including timing synchronization and FO estimation) and RSRP measurement performance for handover.

[0201] Figure 19 A base station according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0202] refer to Figure 19 Base station 1900 may include processor 1910, transceiver 1920, and memory 1930. However, not all of the components shown are essential. Base station 1900 may be composed of... Figure 19 It can be implemented with more or fewer components. Furthermore, according to another embodiment, the processor 1910, transceiver 1920, and memory 1930 can be implemented as a single chip.

[0203] The aforementioned components will now be described in detail.

[0204] Processor 1910 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the proposed functions, processes, and / or methods. Operation of base station 1900 may be implemented by processor 1910.

[0205] Transceiver 1920 may include an RF transmitter for up-converting and amplifying the transmitted signal, and an RF receiver for down-converting the received signal. However, according to another embodiment, transceiver 1920 may be implemented with more or fewer components than shown in the components.

[0206] Transceiver 1920 can be connected to processor 1910 and transmit and / or receive signals. These signals may include control information and data. Furthermore, transceiver 1920 can receive signals via a wireless channel and output signals to processor 1910. Transceiver 1920 can also transmit signals output from processor 1910 via a wireless channel.

[0207] Memory 1930 may store control information or data included in signals obtained by base station 1900. Memory 1930 may be connected to processor 1910 and store at least one instruction, protocol, or parameter for the proposed function, process, and / or method. Memory 1930 may include read-only memory (ROM) and / or random access memory (RAM) and / or hard disk and / or CD-ROM and / or DVD and / or other storage devices.

[0208] Figure 20 A user equipment (UE) according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0209] refer to Figure 20 The UE 2000 may include a processor 2010, a transceiver 2020, and a memory 2030. However, not all of the components shown are required. The UE 2000 may be composed of components such as... Figure 20 It can be implemented with more or fewer components. Furthermore, according to another embodiment, the processor 2010, transceiver 2020, and memory 2030 can be implemented as a single chip.

[0210] The aforementioned components will now be described in detail.

[0211] Processor 2010 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the proposed functions, processes and / or methods. Operation of UE 2000 may be implemented by processor 2010.

[0212] Transceiver 2020 may include an RF transmitter for up-converting and amplifying the transmitted signal, and an RF receiver for down-converting the received signal. However, according to another embodiment, transceiver 2020 may be implemented with more or fewer components than shown in the components.

[0213] Transceiver 2020 can connect to processor 2010 and send and / or receive signals. These signals may include control information and data. Furthermore, transceiver 2020 can receive signals via a wireless channel and output signals to processor 2010. Transceiver 2020 can also transmit signals output from processor 2010 via a wireless channel.

[0214] The memory 2030 may store control information or data included in signals obtained by the UE 2000. The memory 2030 may be connected to the processor 2010 and store at least one instruction, protocol, or parameter for the proposed function, process, and / or method. The memory 2030 may include read-only memory (ROM) and / or random access memory (RAM) and / or hard disk and / or CD-ROM and / or DVD and / or other storage devices.

[0215] Although this disclosure has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, various changes and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. This disclosure is intended to include such changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE), comprising: transceiver, and The processor, coupled to the transceiver, is configured to: Multiple sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals are received from the base station, the multiple sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals corresponding to each of the Doppler precompensation modes applied to the set of synchronization signals; Identify the frequency difference between two or more consecutive synchronization signals in a set of received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals. Based on the frequency difference between the two or more consecutive synchronization signals, phase rotation is applied to at least one of the two or more consecutive synchronization signals to compensate for the frequency difference, and By combining one of timing synchronization detection, frequency offset (FO) estimation, or reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement, two or more consecutive synchronization signals with phase rotation are combined in the time domain.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode received from the base station is received based on a System Information Block (SIB) or Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

3. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The Doppler pre-compensation mode indication received from the base station indicates the Doppler pre-compensation mode of the transmitting cell and the Doppler pre-compensation modes of one or more neighboring cells.

4. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The processor is configured to combine, in the time domain, two or more consecutive synchronization signals from a plurality of sets of received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals during data channel reception or switching.

5. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode received from the base station indicates whether the same Doppler pre-compensation mode is applied before and after the handover.

6. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: Multiple sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals are received from the base station, the multiple sets of Doppler-precompensated synchronization signals corresponding to each of the Doppler precompensation modes applied to the set of synchronization signals; Identify the frequency difference between two or more consecutive synchronization signals in a set of received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals. Based on the frequency difference between the two or more consecutive synchronization signals, phase rotation is applied to at least one of the two or more consecutive synchronization signals to compensate for the frequency difference, and By combining one of timing synchronization detection, frequency offset (FO) estimation, or reference signal received power (RSRP) measurement, two or more consecutive synchronization signals with phase rotation are combined in the time domain.

7. The method according to claim 6, further comprising: During data channel reception or switching, two or more consecutive synchronization signals from a set of received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals are combined in the time domain. The indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode received from the base station is received based on a System Information Block (SIB) or Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The Doppler pre-compensation mode indication received from the base station indicates the Doppler pre-compensation mode of the transmitting cell and the Doppler pre-compensation modes of one or more neighboring cells.

9. A base station (BS), comprising: transceiver The processor, coupled to the transceiver, is configured to: Doppler precompensation is performed on each set of synchronization signals in the Doppler precompensation mode to generate multiple sets of Doppler precompensated synchronization signals. Send an indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode to the user equipment (UE). Sending a plurality of sets of Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals to the UE, wherein the indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode is for combining two or more consecutive synchronization signals from the plurality of sets of Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals in the time domain.

10. The BS according to claim 9, wherein, The processor is configured to send an indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode to the UE based on a System Information Block (SIB) or Radio Resource Control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

11. The BS according to claim 9, wherein, The indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode is sent in conjunction with one of the following: initial access of the UE, idle UE cell reselection, connected UE data channel reception, or UE handover.

12. The BS according to claim 9, wherein, The Doppler pre-compensation mode indication indicates the Doppler pre-compensation mode of the transmitting cell and the Doppler pre-compensation mode of one or more neighboring cells.

13. The BS according to claim 9, wherein, The indication of the Doppler pre-compensation mode is used to combine two or more consecutive synchronization signals from a plurality of sets of received Doppler pre-compensated synchronization signals in the time domain during data channel reception or switching.

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