A small-refraction data processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium
By automatically calculating the detector position parameters and plotting the time-distance curve, the problem of low accuracy of seismic parameters in the small refraction method is solved, and high-accuracy seismic parameter calculation is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202111425633.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2021-11-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-19
- Estimated Expiration
- 2041-11-26
AI Technical Summary
In petroleum physical exploration, when using the small refraction method to calculate seismic parameters, manual calculation of detector location parameters is prone to errors, resulting in low accuracy of time-distance maps and seismic parameters.
By receiving the channel spacing parameters and shot location parameters between multiple geophones, the computer automatically calculates the location parameters of multiple geophones, plots the time-distance curves and generates a time-distance diagram, thereby determining the seismic wave parameters.
This improved the accuracy of the time-distance map, thereby increasing the accuracy of seismic parameters, reducing errors in manual calculations, and saving labor costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN116184489B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of petroleum physical exploration, in particular, to a small refraction data processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium. BACKGROUND
[0002] In the current field of petroleum physical exploration, there is an interface, which divides the ground into an upper layer and a lower layer of two different media.
[0003] When an artificial seismic wave is generated on the ground using an explosion machine or other controllable seismic source, the seismic wave directly propagating from the controllable seismic source to the position of the detector is called a direct wave. When the propagation speed of the artificial seismic wave in the lower layer is greater than that in the upper layer, the artificial seismic wave will be incident on the interface at a critical angle to generate a refraction wave along the interface in the lower layer. The refraction wave will cause disturbance to the upper layer medium, and then be detected by the detector arranged on the upper surface of the upper layer. Therefore, the detector can detect the refraction wave and the direct wave generated by the controllable seismic source.
[0004] At present, people use the small refraction method to study the surface structure. Specifically, the position parameters of the detector, the position parameters of the controllable seismic source and other parameters can be used to draw a time-distance curve to obtain a time-distance graph, and then the related seismic parameters of the refraction wave and the direct wave are calculated according to the time-distance graph.
[0005] However, in the process of calculating the related seismic parameters by using the small refraction method, the position parameters of the detector need to be calculated manually, which may be wrong, and finally the time-distance graph obtained and the seismic parameters calculated according to the time-distance graph have low accuracy. SUMMARY
[0006] Embodiments of the present application provide a small refraction data processing method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium, aiming to solve the problem of low accuracy of seismic parameters.
[0007] The first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a small refraction data processing method, which comprises:
[0008] receiving the trace spacing parameters between a plurality of detectors and the shot point position parameters;
[0009] determining the position parameters of the remaining detectors in the plurality of detectors according to the position parameters of a first detector in the plurality of detectors and the trace spacing parameters;
[0010] drawing a time-distance curve in a coordinate system according to the shot point position parameter, the position parameters of the plurality of geophones and the first arrival time of the seismic wave generated by the shot point reaching the plurality of geophones, to obtain a time-distance map, wherein the first arrival time is the time when the seismic wave generated by the shot point position reaches the plurality of geophones respectively;
[0011] determining the seismic wave parameter caused by the shot point on the ground according to the time-distance map.
[0012] Optionally, after determining the position parameters of the remaining geophones according to the position parameter of the first geophone in the plurality of geophones and the trace interval parameter, the method further comprises:
[0013] drawing an observation system schematic diagram according to the shot point position parameter and the position parameters of the plurality of geophones;
[0014] displaying the observation system schematic diagram.
[0015] Optionally, after receiving the shot point position parameter, the method further comprises:
[0016] when the shot point position parameter is negative, determining that the shot point position is a small trace number;
[0017] when the shot point position parameter is positive, determining that the shot point position is a large trace number.
[0018] Optionally, the step of determining the position parameters of the remaining geophones comprises:
[0019] obtaining the position parameter of a second geophone according to the position parameter of the first geophone and a first trace interval parameter corresponding to the position parameter of the first geophone;
[0020] obtaining the position parameter of a third geophone according to the position parameter of the second geophone and a second trace interval parameter corresponding to the position parameter of the second geophone;
[0021] repeating the above steps to obtain the position parameters of the remaining geophones.
[0022] Optionally, drawing a time-distance curve in a coordinate system according to the shot point position parameter, the position parameters of the plurality of geophones and the first arrival time of the plurality of geophones, to obtain a time-distance map, comprises:
[0023] obtaining a plurality of offset parameters respectively according to the shot point position parameter and the position parameters of the plurality of geophones, wherein the offset parameter represents the distance between the shot point and the geophone;
[0024] determining the state of the time-distance curve according to the shot point position parameter;
[0025] According to the plurality of offset parameters, the first arrival time of the seismic wave generated by the shot point reaching the plurality of geophones respectively, and the state of the time-distance curve, the time-distance curve is drawn to obtain the time-distance map.
[0026] Optionally, when the shot point position comprises a major way number and a minor way number, determining the state of the time-distance curve according to the shot point position parameter comprises:
[0027] When the shot point position is the minor way number, determining that the state of the time-distance curve is the left branch curve;
[0028] When the shot point position is the major way number, determining that the state of the time-distance curve is the right branch curve.
[0029] Optionally, the seismic wave parameter comprises a low-velocity layer velocity, a refraction layer velocity, and a low-velocity layer thickness, and according to the time-distance map, the step of determining the seismic wave parameter caused by the shot point on the ground comprises:
[0030] According to the time-distance curve in the time-distance map, determining the moving velocity of the seismic wave in the ground;
[0031] According to the moving velocity, determining the critical angle between the seismic wave and the normal line of the ground;
[0032] According to the intersection parameter between the moving velocity, the critical angle, the time-distance curve, and the vertical axis of the time-distance map, determining the low-velocity layer thickness.
[0033] The second aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a small refraction data processing device, the device comprises:
[0034] A parameter receiving module is configured to receive an inter-channel distance parameter between a plurality of geophones and a shot point position parameter;
[0035] A position parameter calculation module is configured to determine position parameters of remaining geophones in the plurality of geophones according to a position parameter of a first geophone in the plurality of geophones and the inter-channel distance parameter;
[0036] A drawing module is configured to draw a time-distance curve in a coordinate system according to the shot point position parameter, the position parameters of the plurality of geophones, and first arrival times of the plurality of geophones to obtain a time-distance map, the first arrival times being times at which a seismic wave generated by the shot point reaches the plurality of geophones respectively;
[0037] A seismic wave parameter calculation module is configured to determine a seismic wave parameter caused by the shot point on the ground according to the time-distance map.
[0038] The third aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising:
[0039] One or more processors; and
[0040] One or more machine-readable media storing instructions thereon, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to perform the small refraction data processing method as described in the first aspect of the embodiments of this application.
[0041] The fourth aspect of this application provides one or more machine-readable storage media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the small refraction data processing method as described in the first aspect of this application.
[0042] The small refraction data processing method provided in this application can automatically calculate the position parameters of the remaining detectors among multiple detectors based on the position parameters of the first detector and the channel spacing parameters between the detectors, without the need for manual calculation of the position parameters of multiple detectors. The time-distance diagram obtained by computer processing has high accuracy, and thus, based on the accurate time-distance diagram, high-accuracy seismic parameters can be obtained. Attached Figure Description
[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0044] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of a small refraction data processing method proposed in an embodiment of this application;
[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a small refractive arrangement dialog box according to an embodiment of this application;
[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a dialog box for a small refraction observation system according to an embodiment of this application;
[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a small refraction report dialog box in the prior art according to an embodiment of this application;
[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a small refraction observation system for two-branch encounters proposed in an embodiment of this application;
[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a time-distance diagram proposed in an embodiment of this application;
[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a refracted wave according to an embodiment of this application;
[0051] Figure 8 is a structural block diagram of a small refraction data processing device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.
[0053] Embodiment one
[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 A step flow chart of a small refraction data processing method is shown in the figure, and the method comprises the following steps.
[0055] Step 101: receiving trace interval parameters between multiple geophones and shot point position parameters.
[0056] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 2 The trace interval parameters between multiple geophones can be input in a dialog box for defining small refraction arrangement; please refer to Figure 3 The shot point position parameters can be input in a dialog box for defining a small refraction observation system.
[0057] The trace interval parameters are the intervals between adjacent geophones in the multiple geophones, for example, in the case that the X coordinates of the geophones are 0, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15 respectively and the Z coordinates of the geophones are all 0, the trace interval parameters between the multiple geophones can be 2, 2, 3, 3, 5 respectively.
[0058] The shot point position parameters are the positions of the shot point relative to the rows and columns of the multiple geophones (hereinafter referred to as geophone rows and columns), for example, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The shot point position parameters can be (-2, 0) and located at the leftmost side of the geophone rows and columns, or the shot point position parameters can be (147, 0) and located at the rightmost side of the geophone rows and columns.
[0059] Step 102: determining the position parameters of the remaining geophones in the multiple geophones according to the position parameters of a first geophone in the multiple geophones and the trace interval parameters.
[0060] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 2As shown, the position parameter (0, 0) of the first geophone can be input first, and then the trace intervals between the multiple geophones can be input in the trace interval parameter column. In this way, the position parameters of the multiple geophones can be automatically calculated.
[0061] Specifically, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the position parameter (0, 0) of the first geophone is input, and according to the multiple trace interval parameters 2, 2, 3, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, the position parameters of the multiple geophones can be calculated as (2, 0), (4, 0), (7, 0), (10, 0), (15, 0), (20, 0), (25, 0), and (30, 0). Figure 2 The trace interval parameters in the same column in the table are added to the X coordinate of the geophone to obtain the X coordinate of the next adjacent geophone, that is, the position parameters of the multiple geophones are (2, 0), (4, 0), (7, 0), (10, 0), (15, 0), (20, 0), (25, 0), and (30, 0), respectively.
[0062] Step 103: Drawing a time-distance curve in the coordinate system according to the shot point position parameter, the position parameters of the multiple geophones, and the first arrival times of the seismic waves generated by the shot point and reaching the multiple geophones, to obtain a time-distance map, wherein the first arrival time is the time when the seismic wave generated by the shot point position reaches the multiple geophones.
[0063] In the embodiments of the present application, the shot point position parameter represents the position of the shot point relative to the geophone array; the position parameter of the geophone represents the position of the geophone; the shot point refers to a controllable seismic source such as an explosion machine that can generate artificial seismic waves; and the geophone refers to an instrument that can detect and receive the artificial seismic waves generated by the shot point.
[0064] Referring to Figure 6 As shown, a coordinate system is established, the position parameter (0, 0) of the first geophone is taken as the origin of the coordinate system, the offset distances between the shot point and the multiple geophones are taken as the X axis, the first arrival times of the seismic waves generated by the shot point and reaching the multiple geophones are taken as the Y axis, the multiple groups of corresponding offset distances and first arrival times measured are input into the coordinate system, and a time-distance curve is drawn to obtain a time-distance map.
[0065] Step 104: Determining the seismic wave parameters caused by the shot point on the ground according to the time-distance map.
[0066] In the embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 6 As shown, the time-distance map shows the relationship between the offset distance and the first arrival time, and the ratio of the first arrival time to the offset distance parameter represents the propagation speed of the artificial seismic wave in the upper layer or the lower layer of the interface.
[0067] Therefore, the propagation speed of the artificial seismic wave in the upper layer or the lower layer of the interface and other seismic wave parameters can be calculated according to the ratio of the first arrival time to the offset distance parameter in the time-distance map.
[0068] This application provides a small refraction data processing method that can automatically calculate the position parameters of the remaining detectors among multiple detectors based on the position parameters of the first detector and the channel spacing parameters between the detectors, without the need for manual calculation of the position parameters of multiple detectors. The time-distance diagram obtained by computer processing has high accuracy, and thus, based on the accurate time-distance diagram, high-accuracy seismic parameters can be obtained.
[0069] Example 2
[0070] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of this application provides a method for processing small refraction data, the method comprising:
[0071] Step 201: Receive the channel spacing parameters and shot point position parameters between multiple detectors.
[0072] In traditional technical solutions, please refer to Figure 4 As shown, it is necessary to manually input the distance between the shot point position and the outermost detector in the detector row in the small refraction class report definition dialog box, i.e., the offset distance; it is also necessary to input the shot point position. When the shot point is located on the side with a smaller value in the detector row, the shot point position is the small channel number, and when the shot point is located on the side with a larger value in the detector row, the shot point position is the large channel number.
[0073] However, according to the construction practices of small refraction, the positions of the detectors can be arranged from small to large, such as 2, 4, 7, 10, 15; or the positions of the detectors can be arranged from large to small, such as 15, 10, 7, 4, 2.
[0074] If the detector rows are arranged in ascending order, when the shot point is to the left of 2, the shot point position is the smaller channel number; when the shot point is to the right of 15, the shot point position is the larger channel number. Conversely, if the detector rows are arranged in descending order, when the shot point is to the right of 2, the shot point position is the smaller channel number; when the shot point is to the left of 15, the shot point position is the larger channel number. Therefore, it can be seen that because the order of the detector rows changes, if... Figure 4 The dialog box for defining the shot point's position relative to the detector row and column, whether it is a small path number or a large path number, undoubtedly increases the workload of the staff.
[0075] Therefore, in this application, the positive and negative values of the obtained shot point position parameters can be detected. When a negative value is detected, the shot point position is determined to be a small path number; when a positive value is detected, the shot point position is determined to be a large path number.
[0076] For example, please see Figure 3As shown, if the order of arranging the rows of detectors is from small to large, when the shot point position is (-2, 0), since (-2, 0) is adjacent to the detector (2, 0), the shot point position can be automatically confirmed as a small trace number, that is, the shot point is located on the left side of the rows of detectors, and when the shot point position is (17, 0), since (17, 0) is adjacent to the detector (15, 0), the shot point position can be automatically confirmed as a large trace number, that is, the shot point is located on the right side of the rows of detectors.
[0077] It can be seen that, compared with the conventional scheme of identifying the shot point position, regardless of the arrangement order of the rows of detectors, the application can automatically identify whether the shot point position is a small trace number or a large trace number according to the positive or negative value of the shot point position parameter, without the need for staff to identify, thereby reducing the workload of the staff.
[0078] Step 202: determining the position parameters of the remaining detectors in the plurality of detectors according to the position parameter of the first detector in the plurality of detectors and the trace interval parameter.
[0079] In the embodiment of the application, step 202 can include the following sub-steps:
[0080] Sub-step 2021: obtaining the position parameter of the second detector according to the position parameter of the first detector and the first trace interval parameter corresponding to the position parameter of the first detector.
[0081] In the embodiment of the application, please refer to Figure 5 the double-branch meeting small refraction observation system schematic diagram shown in Figure 2 the small refraction arrangement dialog box schematic diagram shown, wherein S1 and S2 are shot points, and R1, R2, …, Rn are rows of detectors.
[0082] When the position parameter of the first detector R1 is manually input as (0, 0) and the first trace interval parameter between the first detector R1 and the second detector R2 is 2, the X coordinate of the first detector R1 can be added by 2 to obtain the position parameter of the second detector as (2, 0), since the Z coordinate of the detector is always 0, therefore in Figure 2 the small refraction arrangement dialog box schematic diagram shown, only the value of the X coordinate of the detector is displayed.
[0083] wherein the first trace interval parameter corresponding to the position parameter of the first detector is the interval between the first detector and the second detector adjacent to the first detector.
[0084] Sub-step 2022: obtaining the position parameter of the third detector according to the position parameter of the second detector and the second trace interval parameter corresponding to the position parameter of the second detector.
[0085] In the embodiment of the present application, when the position parameter of the second geophone is obtained as (2, 0), the second trace interval parameter 2 can be superimposed on this basis, and the X coordinate of the second geophone R2 is added by 2 to obtain the position parameter of the third geophone as (4, 0).
[0086] Sub-step 2023: repeat the above steps to obtain the position parameters of the remaining geophones.
[0087] In the embodiment of the present application, the position parameter of the next geophone can be obtained by superimposing the input trace interval parameter on the basis of the position parameter of the previous geophone, and the position parameters of all geophones can be obtained in turn without manually calculating the position parameters of the geophones. On the one hand, the manual cost is saved, and on the other hand, the position parameters of the geophones are calculated by using the computer program, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the calculated position parameters of the geophones.
[0088] The computer generates a small refraction arrangement dialog box, in which a plurality of command boxes are preset, the plurality of command boxes include a plurality of trace interval parameter command boxes and a plurality of geophone position parameter command boxes, and the plurality of trace interval parameter command boxes and the plurality of geophone position parameter command boxes correspond to each other, that is, the values in the trace interval parameter command box and the geophone position parameter command box in the same column should be added.
[0089] Specifically, it can be assumed that the input parameter in the trace interval parameter command box is X and the input parameter in the geophone position parameter command box is Y, and then the formula for obtaining the position parameter of the geophone is:
[0090] Y i+1 =X i +Y i
[0091] X i is the i th trace interval parameter; Y i is the i th geophone position parameter; and Y i+1 is the i+1 th geophone position parameter.
[0092] It can be seen that the computer can obtain the first geophone position parameter as (0, 0) and the first trace interval parameter as 2 from the command box, and then obtain the second geophone position parameter as (2, 0).
[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, after obtaining the position parameters and the trace interval parameters of the plurality of geophones, the observation system schematic diagram can also be drawn according to the shot point position parameter and the position parameters of the plurality of geophones.
[0094] Please refer to Figure 3The illustrated observation system dialog box diagram can display an observation system diagram, and the observation system diagram indicates the positions of the shot points and the plurality of detectors and the inter-channel spacing relationship among the plurality of detectors. According to the position relationship between the detectors and the shot points in the observation system diagram, the staff can intuitively know whether the position parameters of the detectors calculated by the computer are correct and whether the position of the shot point is correct.
[0095] In the embodiment of the present application, the small refraction arrangement dialog box diagram can be used to input the arrangement name and the number of receiving channels. Figure 2 The illustrated small refraction arrangement dialog box diagram can be used to input the arrangement name and the number of receiving channels.
[0096] The arrangement name and the number of receiving channels represent the number of detectors, so that the other staff can know the number of detectors according to the arrangement name and the number of receiving channels. Figure 2 The illustrated small refraction arrangement dialog box diagram can be used to input the arrangement name and the number of receiving channels.
[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, the small refraction observation system dialog box diagram can be used to input the report name, the recording format, the line number, the point number, the shot point position coordinates, the data storage path, and the arrangement name. Figure 3 The illustrated small refraction observation system dialog box diagram can be used to input the report name, the recording format, the line number, the point number, the shot point position coordinates, the data storage path, and the arrangement name.
[0098] In the process of oil exploration, there are a plurality of survey points, and the report name refers to the information of the current survey point, so as to distinguish from the information of the other survey points.
[0099] In the exploration system, there are a plurality of shot points, and the line number and the point number are used to determine the position of the shot point in the current survey point, so as to distinguish from the shot points in the other survey points.
[0100] In the exploration system, various types of devices can be used to collect and record the exploration information, and the recording format is used for different instruments, so that the other staff can know the instrument used to collect the current exploration information.
[0101] The shot point position coordinates refer to the position of the shot point relative to the detector array, for example, (-2, 0) and (147, 0).
[0102] Step 203: drawing a time-distance curve in a coordinate system according to the shot point position parameters, the position parameters of the plurality of detectors, and the first arrival times of the seismic waves generated by the shot point and arriving at the plurality of detectors, to obtain a time-distance diagram, wherein the first arrival times are the times when the seismic waves generated by the shot point respectively arrive at the plurality of detectors.
[0103] In the embodiment of the present application, step 203 includes the following sub-steps:
[0104] Sub-step 2031: According to the shot point position parameter and the position parameter of the plurality of geophones, a plurality of offset parameters are respectively obtained, and the offset parameter represents the distance between the shot point and the geophone.
[0105] In the embodiment of the application, when the X coordinate of the shot point position parameter is -2, and the X coordinates of the position parameters of the plurality of geophones are 2, 4, 7, 10 and 15 respectively, the offset parameters are 4, 6, 9, 12 and 17 respectively.
[0106] Sub-step 2032: According to the shot point position parameter, the state of the time-distance curve is determined.
[0107] In the embodiment of the application, please refer to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B. Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, when the shot point position is a small way number, the state of the time-distance curve is determined as a left branch curve; when the shot point position is a large way number, the state of the time-distance curve is determined as a right branch curve.
[0108] Shotpoint Geophone Geophone Geophone Geophone Geophone Shotpoint (-2，0) (0，0) (2，0) (4，0) (7，0) (10，0) (147，0) (147，0) (10，0) (7，0) (4，0) (2，0) (0，0) (-2，0)
[0109] Table 1
[0110] In Table 1, when calculating the offset parameters in the first row of Table 1, the geophone (0, 0) in the first row of Table 1 is used as the starting point; when calculating the offset parameters in the second row of Table 1, the geophone (10, 0) in Table 1 is used as the starting point. The geophone (0, 0) and the geophone (10, 0) are essentially the same geophone, but the order is different, resulting in different coordinates.
[0111] As shown in Table 1, when the shot point position is a small way number (on the side of the minimum geophone parameter value (0, 0) in the geophone row and column, the leftmost side of the first row and the rightmost side of the second row):
[0112] When the initial arrival time of the artificial seismic wave generated by the shot point gradually increases with the increase of the offset parameter, that is, the incremental change of the offset parameter is 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12, the state of the time-distance curve is determined as the left branch curve as shown in FIG. 2A. Figure 6
[0113] When the initial arrival time of the artificial seismic wave generated by the shot point gradually increases with the increase of the offset parameter, that is, the incremental change of the offset parameter is 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12, the state of the time-distance curve is determined as the left branch curve as shown in FIG. 2A. Figure 6
[0114] As shown in Table 1, in the case of the shot point position being the major number (located on the side of the maximum geophone parameter value (10, 0) in the geophone row, the rightmost side of the first row and the leftmost side of the second row):
[0115] If the shot point is the shot point at the rightmost side of the first row (major number), and the initial arrival time of the artificial seismic wave generated by the shot point reaching the multiple geophones decreases with the decrease of the offset parameter, that is, the decreasing change of the offset parameter is 147, 145, 143, 140, 137, the state of the time-distance curve is determined to be the right branch curve as shown in the figure. Figure 6
[0116] If the shot point is the shot point at the leftmost side of the second row (major number), and the initial arrival time of the artificial seismic wave generated by the shot point reaching the multiple geophones decreases with the decrease of the offset parameter, that is, the decreasing change of the offset parameter is 147, 145, 143, 140, 137, the state of the time-distance curve is determined to be the right branch curve as shown in the figure. Figure 6
[0117] Wherein, the initial arrival time of the shot point is directly proportional to the increasing and decreasing of the offset parameter.
[0118] Wherein, the computer can determine whether the initial arrival time of the geophone increases with the increase of the offset parameter or decreases with the decrease of the offset parameter by identifying the ratio of the offset parameter to the initial arrival time of the shot point.
[0119] Sub-step 2033: According to the multiple offset parameters, the initial arrival time of the seismic wave generated by the shot point reaching the multiple geophones, and the state of the time-distance curve, the time-distance curve is drawn to obtain the time-distance graph.
[0120] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figure 6 As shown in Table 1, after determining the state of the time-distance curve, and in the process of drawing the time-distance graph, not only the state of the time-distance curve, but also the multiple offset parameters and the initial arrival time of the shot point reaching the multiple geophones are needed to determine whether to draw the time-distance graph in sequence or in reverse sequence.
[0121] Wherein, drawing the time-distance graph in sequence refers to drawing the time-distance curve from left to right in the coordinate system; drawing the time-distance graph in reverse sequence refers to drawing the time-distance curve from right to left in the coordinate system.
[0122] In the case of determining that the state of the time-distance curve is the left branch curve, if the slope of the left branch curve (the ratio of the difference between adjacent initial arrival times to the difference between adjacent offset parameters) is greater than 0, and m > n / 2, the left branch curve in the time-distance graph is drawn in sequence.
[0123] In the case of determining that the state of the time-distance curve is the left branch curve, if the slope of the left branch curve is less than 0 and m < n / 2, the left branch curve in the time-distance graph is drawn in reverse order.
[0124] In the case of determining that the state of the time-distance curve is the right branch curve, if the slope of the right branch curve is less than 0 and m < n / 2, the right branch curve in the time-distance graph is drawn in order.
[0125] In the case of determining that the state of the time-distance curve is the right branch curve, if the slope of the right branch curve is greater than 0 and m > n / 2, the right branch curve in the time-distance graph is drawn in reverse order.
[0126] Wherein, the slope of the curve greater than 0 indicates that the first arrival time increases with the increase of the offset parameter; and the slope of the curve less than 0 indicates that the first arrival time decreases with the increase of the offset parameter.
[0127] Wherein, in the case of m > n / 2 or m < n / 2, the time difference between adjacent two first arrival times in the plurality of first arrival times can be counted first, and the number of the time difference greater than 0 is accumulated and recorded as m. For example, the first arrival times of the seismic waves generated by the shot point and arriving at 6 geophones are 1 minute 3 seconds, 1 minute 5 seconds, 1 minute 7 seconds, 1 minute 7 seconds, 1 minute 9 seconds and 1 minute 10 seconds, and the time difference between adjacent two first arrival times is 2 seconds, 2 seconds, 0 seconds, 2 seconds and 1 second. It can be seen that 4 of the 5 first arrival times are greater than 0, so m is equal to 4.
[0128] n is the number of geophones, for example, 6.
[0129] When m > n / 2, for example, 4 > 6 / 2, it indicates that more than half of the plurality of first arrival time differences are greater than 0, which can further indicate that the first arrival time increases with the increase of the offset parameter.
[0130] When m < n / 2, it indicates that more than half of the plurality of first arrival time differences are less than 0, which can further indicate that the first arrival time decreases with the increase of the offset parameter.
[0131] It can be seen that the relationship between the slope and 0 can be used to determine whether the time-distance curve should be drawn in order or in reverse order; and the relationship between m and n / 2 can be used to further assist the slope to determine whether the time-distance curve should be drawn in order or in reverse order, so that the accuracy of the drawn time-distance curve is higher.
[0132] Step 204: determining the seismic wave parameter caused by the shot point on the ground according to the time-distance graph.
[0133] In the embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 7The diagram shows a direct wave and a refracted wave, where the direct wave is the seismic wave propagating in the upper layer of the interface, and the refracted wave is the seismic wave propagating in the lower layer of the interface.
[0134] This step also includes the following sub-steps:
[0135] Sub-step 2041: Determine the speed of the seismic wave within the ground surface based on the time-distance curve in the time-distance diagram.
[0136] The ground consists of an upper interface layer and a lower interface layer.
[0137] For direct waves, the propagation speed of the direct wave on the upper layer of the interface can be obtained based on the initial arrival time of the direct wave generated by the shot point to multiple detectors, and the ratio of the shot-detector distance parameters of the multiple detectors to the shot point, i.e., the ratio of the vertical axis to the horizontal axis, v0.
[0138] For refracted waves, the propagation speed of the refracted wave in the lower layer of the interface can be obtained based on the initial arrival times of the direct wave generated at the shot point to multiple detectors, and the ratio of the shot-detector distance parameters of the multiple detectors to the shot point, i.e., the ratio of the vertical axis to the horizontal axis, v1.
[0139] Sub-step 2042: Determine the critical angle between the seismic wave and the ground normal based on the moving speed.
[0140] pass Figure 6 The time-distance diagram shown can be used to calculate the propagation speed v0 of the direct wave in the upper layer of the interface and the propagation speed v1 of the refracted wave in the lower layer of the interface. The refractive index can be obtained based on the ratio of v0 to v1. Then, the critical angle of the seismic wave incident on the ground can be calculated based on the refractive index. The critical angle is the angle of incidence of the seismic wave on the ground.
[0141] For example,
[0142] Where n is the refractive index, v0 is the propagation speed of the direct wave in the upper layer of the interface, v1 is the propagation speed of the refracted wave in the lower layer of the interface, and θ is the critical angle.
[0143] Sub-step 2043: Determine the thickness of the low-speed layer based on the moving speed, the critical angle, and the intersection point parameter between the time-distance curve and the vertical axis of the time-distance graph.
[0144] in accordance with Figure 7 As shown, the equation for the time-distance curve of the refracted wave can be derived:
[0145]
[0146] Where t is the initial arrival time of the seismic wave generated by the shot point to the geophone; h0 is the thickness of the upper layer of the interface; v0 is the propagation speed of the direct wave in the upper layer of the interface; v1 is the propagation speed of the refracted wave in the lower layer of the interface; θ is the critical angle; and x is the shot-detector distance parameter between the shot point and the geophone.
[0147] When the shot-receiver distance parameter x between the shot point and the receiver is 0, Formula 2 can be transformed into:
[0148]
[0149] In formula (3), t is the intersection parameter between the time-distance curve of the refracted wave and the vertical axis of the coordinate system. After obtaining the intersection parameter between the time-distance curve of the refracted wave and the vertical axis of the coordinate system based on the time-distance diagram, the thickness h0 of the upper layer of the interface is obtained based on t, the critical angle θ, and the propagation speed v0 of the direct wave in the upper layer of the interface.
[0150] Therefore, it can be seen that, through Figure 6 The time-distance curves shown in the time-distance diagram can be used to obtain the movement velocity in the seismic wave parameters, namely the propagation velocity of the direct wave in the upper layer of the interface and the propagation velocity of the refracted wave in the lower layer of the interface. The thickness of the upper layer of the interface in the seismic wave parameters can be calculated using the above formulas (1) to (3).
[0151] Example 3
[0152] Based on the same inventive concept, please refer to Figure 8 As shown, this application provides a small refractive data processing device, which includes:
[0153] The parameter receiving module is used to receive the channel spacing parameters between multiple detectors and the shot point position parameters.
[0154] The position parameter calculation module is used to determine the position parameters of the remaining detectors among the multiple detectors based on the position parameters of the first detector among the multiple detectors and the channel spacing parameters.
[0155] The plotting module is used to plot the time-distance curve in a coordinate system based on the shot point location parameters, the location parameters of the multiple geophones, and the first arrival times of the multiple geophones, to obtain a time-distance diagram. The first arrival times are the times when the seismic waves generated at the shot point location arrive at the multiple geophones respectively.
[0156] The seismic wave parameter calculation module is used to determine the seismic wave parameters generated by the shot point on the ground based on the time-distance diagram.
[0157] Optionally, the device further includes:
[0158] an observation system drawing module configured to draw an observation system diagram according to the shot point position parameter and the position parameters of the plurality of geophones;
[0159] a display module configured to display the observation system diagram.
[0160] Optionally, the device further comprises:
[0161] a minor trace number determination module configured to determine the shot point position as a minor trace number when the shot point position parameter is negative;
[0162] a major trace number determination module configured to determine the shot point position as a major trace number when the shot point position parameter is positive.
[0163] Optionally, the position parameter calculation module comprises:
[0164] a second geophone position parameter calculation module configured to obtain a position parameter of a second geophone according to a position parameter of the first geophone and a first trace interval parameter corresponding to the position parameter of the first geophone;
[0165] a third geophone position parameter calculation module configured to obtain a position parameter of a third geophone according to a position parameter of the second geophone and a second trace interval parameter corresponding to the position parameter of the second geophone;
[0166] a repeating module configured to repeat the above steps to obtain position parameters of remaining geophones.
[0167] Optionally, the drawing module comprises:
[0168] a offset calculation module configured to obtain a plurality of offset parameters according to the shot point position parameter and the position parameters of the plurality of geophones, the offset parameters representing intervals between the shot point and the geophones;
[0169] a time-distance curve state determination module configured to determine a state of the time-distance curve according to the shot point position parameter;
[0170] a time-distance diagram drawing module configured to draw the time-distance curve according to the plurality of offset parameters, the first arrival time of the geophones and the state of the time-distance curve to obtain the time-distance diagram.
[0171] Optionally, the time-distance curve state determination module comprises:
[0172] a first left branch curve determination module configured to determine the state of the time-distance curve as a left branch curve when the shot point position is a minor trace number and the first arrival time increases with the increase of the offset parameter;
[0173] The first right branch curve determination module is configured to determine that the state of the time-distance curve is a right branch curve when the shot point position is a large trace number and the first arrival time decreases with the decrease of the offset parameter.
[0174] The second right branch curve determination module is configured to determine that the state of the time-distance curve is a right branch curve when the shot point position is a small trace number and the first arrival time decreases with the decrease of the offset parameter.
[0175] The second left branch curve determination module is configured to determine that the state of the time-distance curve is a left branch curve when the shot point position is a large trace number and the first arrival time increases with the increase of the offset parameter.
[0176] Optionally, the seismic wave parameter calculation module comprises:
[0177] The moving speed determination module is configured to determine the moving speed of the seismic wave in the ground according to the time-distance curve in the time-distance map.
[0178] The critical angle calculation module is configured to determine the critical angle between the seismic wave and the ground normal line according to the moving speed.
[0179] The low-velocity layer thickness calculation module is configured to determine the low-velocity layer thickness according to the moving speed, the critical angle, and the intersection point parameter between the time-distance curve and the vertical axis of the time-distance map.
[0180] Embodiment Four
[0181] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, comprising:
[0182] one or more processors; and
[0183] one or more machine-readable media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to perform the small refraction data processing method as described in the above embodiments.
[0184] Embodiment Five
[0185] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application provide one or more machine-readable storage media, characterized in that instructions are stored thereon, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the small refraction data processing method as described in the above embodiments.
[0186] For the device embodiments, since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts refer to the part of the description of the method embodiments.
[0187] The various embodiments in the specification are described in progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0188] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, device, or computer program product. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application can adopt a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the embodiments of the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program codes.
[0189] The embodiments of the present application are described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams according to the method, terminal device (system), and computer program product of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and the combination of the flows and / or blocks can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing terminal device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device produce a device that implements the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks
[0190] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can guide the computer or other programmable data processing terminal device to work in a specific way, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable storage medium produce a product including instruction devices that implement the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks
[0191] These computer program instructions can also be loaded into a computer or other programmable data processing terminal device, so that a series of operation steps are performed on the computer or other programmable terminal device to produce a computer implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable terminal device provide a process for implementing the functions specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks Figure 1 Figure 1 The functions specified in one or more flows and / or blocks
[0192] While preferred embodiments of the application have been described, a wide variety of modifications, alterations, and permutations of these embodiments can become apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing detailed description. Accordingly, it is to be understood that other embodiments can be utilized, and that the scope of the application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. The specification and drawings should be regarded as illustrative only and should not be considered restrictive in any sense. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.
[0193] Finally, it should be noted that, in the specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like, can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
[0194] The above provides a small refraction data processing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, the principle and implementation mode of the application are described in the text by applying specific examples, the above example is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the application;Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed;In view of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as the limitation of the application.
Claims
1. A small-refractive data processing method, characterized by, The method comprises: receiving a trace interval parameter and a shot point position parameter between multiple detectors; determining position parameters of the remaining detectors in the multiple detectors according to the position parameter of a first detector in the multiple detectors and the trace interval parameter; drawing a time-distance curve in a coordinate system according to the shot point position parameter, the position parameters of the multiple detectors, and the first arrival time of the seismic wave generated by the shot point reaching the multiple detectors, to obtain a time-distance map, wherein the first arrival time is the time when the seismic wave generated by the shot point position reaches the multiple detectors respectively; determining the seismic wave parameter caused by the shot point on the ground surface according to the time-distance map; after receiving the shot point position parameter, comprising: when the shot point position parameter is negative, determining that the shot point position is a small trace number; when the shot point position parameter is positive, determining that the shot point position is a large trace number. The seismic wave parameter comprises: low-velocity layer velocity, refractive layer velocity, and low-velocity layer thickness.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein, After determining the position parameters of the remaining detectors in the multiple detectors according to the position parameter of a first detector in the multiple detectors and the trace interval parameter, the method further comprises: drawing an observation system schematic diagram according to the shot point position parameter and the position parameters of the multiple detectors; displaying the observation system schematic diagram.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the position parameters of the remaining detectors in the multiple detectors comprises: obtaining the position parameter of a second detector according to the position parameter of the first detector and a first trace interval parameter corresponding to the position parameter of the first detector; obtaining the position parameter of a third detector according to the position parameter of the second detector and a second trace interval parameter corresponding to the position parameter of the second detector; repeating the above steps to obtain the position parameters of the remaining detectors.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein, Drawing a time-distance curve in a coordinate system according to the shot point position parameter, the position parameters of the multiple detectors, and the first arrival time of the seismic wave generated by the shot point reaching the multiple detectors, to obtain a time-distance map, comprises: obtaining multiple offset parameters according to the shot point position parameter and the position parameters of the multiple detectors, wherein the offset parameter represents the distance between the shot point and the detector; determining the state of the time-distance curve according to the shot point position parameter; drawing the time-distance curve according to the multiple offset parameters, the first arrival time of the seismic wave generated by the shot point reaching the multiple detectors, and the state of the time-distance curve, to obtain the time-distance map.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein, When the shot point position comprises a large trace number and a small trace number, determining the state of the time-distance curve according to the shot point position parameter comprises: when the shot point position is a small trace number, determining that the state of the time-distance curve is a left branch curve; when the shot point position is a large trace number, determining that the state of the time-distance curve is a right branch curve.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the seismic wave parameter caused by the shot point on the ground surface according to the time-distance map comprises: determining the moving velocity of the seismic wave in the ground surface according to the time-distance curve in the time-distance map; determining the critical angle between the seismic wave and the normal line of the ground surface according to the moving velocity. According to the moving speed, the critical angle, and an intersection parameter of an intersection between the time-distance curve and a longitudinal axis of the time-distance map, the low-velocity layer thickness is determined.
7. A small-refractive data processing device, characterized by comprising: The device comprises: a parameter receiving module configured to receive a trace interval parameter between a plurality of geophones and a shot point position parameter; a position parameter calculating module configured to determine position parameters of remaining geophones in the plurality of geophones according to a position parameter of a first geophone in the plurality of geophones and the trace interval parameter; a drawing module configured to draw a time-distance curve in a coordinate system according to the shot point position parameter, the position parameters of the plurality of geophones, and first arrival times of the plurality of geophones, to obtain a time-distance map, the first arrival times being times when seismic waves generated by the shot point position reach the plurality of geophones; a seismic wave parameter calculating module configured to determine a seismic wave parameter caused by the shot point on the ground according to the time-distance map; wherein the device further comprises: a small trace number determining module configured to determine that the shot point position is a small trace number when the shot point position parameter is negative; a large trace number determining module configured to determine that the shot point position is a large trace number when the shot point position parameter is positive; the seismic wave parameter comprises a low-velocity layer velocity, a refractive layer velocity, and a low-velocity layer thickness.
8. An electronic device, comprising: comprises: one or more processors; and one or more machine readable media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the electronic device to perform the small-refraction data processing method of any one of claims 1-6.
9. One or more machine -readable storage media, comprising, one or more machine readable media having instructions stored thereon that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the processors to perform the small-refraction data processing method of any one of claims 1-6.