A device and method for detecting desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms and a detection method thereof. In the present invention, water outlet pipe 1 and water outlet pipe 2 are respectively connected to the two outlets of the water inlet pipe through valve 1, and are respectively located above the turbulent water storage area and the laminar water storage area in the water tank; the horizontal spacing between the laminar flow pipe and the turbulent flow pipe is fixed on the water tank, and the inner cavity of the laminar flow pipe is connected to the laminar flow water storage area, and the inner cavity of the turbulent flow pipe is connected to the turbulent flow water storage area; the outer sides of the laminar flow pipe and the turbulent flow pipe are both provided with longitudinal moving modules; the two ends of the beam in the transverse moving module are respectively fixed to the nuts in the two longitudinal moving modules, and a connecting piece is fixed on the belt of the belt transmission mechanism. The present invention simulates the laminar liquid environment and the turbulent liquid environment respectively by the laminar flow pipe and the turbulent flow simulation module, and can detect the adhesion of microorganisms in different fluid environments; the present invention can detect the adhesion of microorganisms of different types or different surface textures by changing the type of microorganisms or the surface texture of the sample.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a microorganism detection device, and in particular to a device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Current detection devices for microbial adhesion basically detect microorganisms in air environments, and there are few detection devices that can detect the adhesion of microorganisms in liquid environments. However, there are also a large number of microorganisms in liquid environments. These microorganisms affect the working conditions of equipment and their surfaces in liquid environments. At the same time, the adhesion and adhesion of microorganisms on surfaces with different shapes and textures, different types of microorganisms, and different flowing liquid environments are different, making it difficult to obtain the adhesion of microorganisms through models and computational analysis. Therefore, in order to accurately obtain the adhesion of microorganisms in liquid environments, it is necessary to design a device that can detect the adhesion of microorganisms on surfaces with different textures, different types of microorganisms, and different flowing liquid environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and to provide a device and method for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms, comprising a housing, a flow supply mechanism, a laser irradiation device, an environmental simulation device, a photographing device, and a sample installation mechanism. The flow supply mechanism comprises an inlet pipe, a first outlet pipe, a water tank, a drain pipe, a second outlet pipe, and a valve. The water tank is fixed in the housing and has an upper end open. Vertical partitions 1 and 2 are fixed in the water tank. Partition 1 separates the inner cavity of the water tank into a discharge area and a water storage area. Partition 2 is perpendicular to partition 1 and separates the water storage area into a laminar water storage area and a turbulent water storage area. The inlet pipe passes through a hole 1 provided on a second side plate in the housing and is fixed to the second side plate and is located above the water tank. The two outlets of the inlet pipe are connected to the first outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe respectively through a valve. The first outlet pipe is located above the turbulent water storage area, and the second outlet pipe is located above the laminar water storage area. A drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the discharge area. The heights of partitions 1 and 2 are both less than the height of the inner cavity of the water tank.

[0006] The laser irradiation device includes a linear guide rail, a laser emitter, and a light sheet lens; the slide rail of the linear guide rail is horizontally fixed at the top position of the box body, the laser emitter is fixed on the slider of the linear guide rail, and the emitting end of the laser emitter faces downward; the two light sheet lenses are respectively fixed on the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube in the environmental simulation device;

[0007] The environmental simulation device includes a turbulence simulation module and a laminar flow tube, and the turbulence simulation module includes an impeller and a turbulence tube; the laminar flow tube and the turbulence tube are both made of transparent materials; the laminar flow tube and the turbulence tube are fixed on the water tank at a horizontal distance, and the inner cavity of the laminar flow tube is connected to the laminar flow water storage area, the inner cavity of the turbulence tube is connected to the turbulence water storage area, and the upper end surface of the laminar flow tube is flush with the upper end surface of the turbulence tube; the impeller is placed in the turbulence tube near the inlet, and forms a rotating pair with the turbulence tube, and is driven by a driving motor; the inner wall of the turbulence tube is provided at the output end of the impeller Multiple protrusion structures are integrally formed and distributed along the axial spacing; the outlets of the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube both pass through the box body and are connected to a water outlet pipe three through a valve two respectively; the top surfaces of the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube near the outlet position are each provided with a square hole, and pressure sensors are fixed on both sides of the corresponding square holes on the inner walls of the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube; the said device includes a rotary drive member and a binocular camera; the said rotary drive member is fixed in the box body; the said binocular camera is located between the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube and is driven by the rotary drive member;

[0008] The sample mounting mechanism includes a longitudinal moving module, a transverse moving module and a sample fixing module; the longitudinal moving module drives the transverse moving module to move up and down; the transverse moving module drives the connector of the sample fixing module; the sample fixing module includes a connector and a magnetic element; the magnetic element is fixed to the connector through magnetic attraction.

[0009] Preferably, the box body includes top plate 1, top plate 2, top plate 3, side plate 1, fixed plate, bottom plate, observation glass, rollers, right-angle columns, top beam and side plate 2; rollers are hinged at the four corners of the bottom plate; one end of the bottom plate is fixed with a vertically arranged side plate 1, and the two corners of the other end are fixed with vertically arranged right-angle columns; the two ends of the vertically arranged side plate 2 are respectively fixed to the two right-angle columns; the two sides of the top of the bottom plate are fixed with vertically arranged fixed plates and observation glasses, and each fixed plate is fixed to the observation glass on the same side; the two ends of the top beam are connected to the side plate 1 and the top of one of the right-angle columns The ends are fixed respectively, and the top beam is provided with two parallel and spaced apart beams; the two ends of the top plate two are fixed respectively to the middle parts of the two top beams, and the two sides of the top plate two are hinged to the top plate one and the top plate three respectively; the water tank of the flow supply mechanism is fixed on the bottom plate; the water inlet pipe passes through the hole one opened on the side plate two and is fixed to the side plate two; the drain pipe extends from the hole two opened on the side plate two; the slide rail of the linear guide rail in the laser irradiation device is horizontally fixed to the lower surface of the top plate two; the outlets of the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube in the environmental simulation device pass through the two holes three opened on the side plate one; the rotating drive member of the shooting device is fixed on the bottom plate.

[0010] Preferably, the height of the second partition is greater than the height of the first partition.

[0011] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the laminar flow tube is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the turbulent flow tube.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing rubber ring is fixed at the connection between the laminar flow tube, the turbulent flow tube and the water tank.

[0013] Preferably, the outlet of the turbulence tube is fixed to the corresponding inlet of valve 2 through a conical interface, and the outlet of valve 2 is fixed to the corresponding outlet pipe 3.

[0014] More preferably, the longitudinal movement module includes a base and a ball screw; the base is vertically fixed on the bottom plate of the box, the screw of the ball screw and the base constitute a rotating pair, and the screw of the ball screw is driven by drive motor 2; the longitudinal movement module is provided with two spaced apart arrangements, and are respectively located on the outside of the holes above the laminar tube and the turbulent tube; the transverse movement module includes a belt transmission mechanism and a beam; the two ends of the horizontally arranged beam are respectively fixed to the nuts of the ball screws in the two longitudinal movement modules through connecting blocks, and the two pulleys of the belt transmission mechanism and the two ends of the beam constitute a rotating pair, and the belt transmission mechanism is driven by drive motor 3; the connecting part of the sample fixing module is fixed to the belt in the belt transmission mechanism, and constitutes a horizontal sliding pair with the beam.

[0015] More preferably, the housing of the second driving motor is fixed to the bottom plate of the box body via a fixing plate, and the output shaft of the second driving motor is connected to the screw via a gear pair.

[0016] Preferably, a second sealing rubber ring is fixed to the bottom of the connector, and the second sealing rubber ring is sleeved outside the magnetic element.

[0017] The detection method of the microbial desorption rate and adhesion detection device is as follows:

[0018] Step 1: Mix the microorganisms to be tested with tracer particles that do not have adhesion properties in a molar ratio of 1:1, and apply the mixture to the sample. Then, observe and count the number M of microorganisms per unit area of ​​the sample under a fluorescence microscope; then remove the magnetic element, fix the sample to the magnetic element through a thread, and adsorb the magnetic element on the connecting piece; the controller controls the drive motor three to work, the drive motor three drives the belt transmission mechanism, and the belt transmission mechanism drives the connecting piece to move in the horizontal direction until the sample is directly above the square hole on the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube. The controller controls the two drive motors two to work synchronously, and the drive motor two drives the ball screw to drive the beam to move in the vertical direction until the sample passes through the corresponding square hole and is placed in the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube;

[0019] Step 2: Manually move the slider to the position where the laser emitter is directly above the light sheet lens on the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube. The laser emitter emits a beam of laser light, which is converted by the light sheet lens into a sheet of laser light perpendicular to the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube, irradiating the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube. The controller then controls the rotary drive element to operate until the lens of the binocular camera is aligned with the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube, and then opens the corresponding valve 1, allowing water to flow into the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube.

[0020] Step 3: After the water fills the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube, the corresponding valve 2 is opened. If the sample is in the turbulent flow tube, the controller controls the drive motor 1 to start. Drive motor 1 drives the impeller, and the water flows through the impeller and various protrusions, causing turbulence, meeting the requirements of simulating a turbulent environment. The water then flows out of the corresponding outlet pipe 3 and continuously flushes the surface of the sample. At the same time, the tracer particles are highlighted and displayed under the stimulation of the sheet laser. The binocular camera captures the image and transmits it to the controller.

[0021] Step 4: gradually increase the degree of opening of the corresponding valve 1 and valve 2, thereby gradually increasing the flow rate of the water flow. If the sample is located in the turbulent tube, the controller controls the impeller speed to gradually increase, thereby gradually increasing the degree of turbulence of the water flow. When it is observed that there is tracer particle movement exceeding a preset amount in the laminar flow tube or the turbulent tube, the controller records the average value of the fluid force exerted on the two pressure sensors calculated based on the fluid force signals detected by the corresponding two pressure sensors. The average value is the fluid force exerted on the sample surface. At the same time, the controller controls the two drive motors 2 to work synchronously until the sample is located above the laminar flow tube or the turbulent tube, removes the sample and the magnetic element, removes the sample from the magnetic element, places it under a fluorescence microscope for observation, counts the number of remaining microorganisms per unit area of ​​the sample m, and calculates the desorption rate of microorganisms on the sample at this time (Mm) / M;

[0022] Step 5: After the sample is fixed to the magnetic element through the thread, the magnetic element is adsorbed on the connector, and the controller controls the two drive motors to work synchronously until the sample is placed in the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube; then the opening degree of the corresponding valve 1 and valve 2 is increased. If the sample is in the turbulent flow tube, the controller controls the impeller speed to increase; after a preset time, the controller calculates the fluid force on the sample surface, and at the same time, the controller controls the two drive motors to work synchronously until the sample is above the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube, removes the magnetic element, and removes the sample from the magnetic element and places it under a fluorescence microscope for observation. The number of remaining microorganisms per unit area of ​​the sample is counted, and the desorption rate of microorganisms on the sample at this time is calculated;

[0023] Step 6. Repeat step 5 until the calculated microbial desorption rate is above 90%, thereby obtaining the desorption rate of microorganisms on the sample under different fluid forces in a laminar or turbulent environment; use the fluid force as the adhesion force of the microorganisms on the sample, and draw a relationship curve between the adhesion force of the microorganisms on the sample and the desorption rate of the microorganisms on the sample.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The present invention simulates laminar liquid environment and turbulent liquid environment respectively through laminar flow tube and turbulent flow simulation modules, and can detect the adhesion of microorganisms in different fluid environments; the present invention places a sample with microorganisms and tracer particles adhered to it in a laminar flow tube or a turbulent flow tube, and only when the binocular camera captures the presence of tracer particles exceeding a preset amount in the laminar flow tube or the turbulent flow tube, does it calculate the fluid force on the sample surface, and takes out the sample to calculate the desorption rate of the microorganism; then, the water flow velocity in the laminar flow tube or the water flow velocity and turbulence degree in the turbulent flow tube are gradually increased, and the sample is tested until the calculated desorption rate of the microorganism is above 90%, thereby obtaining the desorption rate of microorganisms on the sample under different fluid forces in a laminar or turbulent environment; the fluid force is used as the adhesion force of the microorganisms on the sample, and a relationship curve between the adhesion force of the microorganisms on the sample and the desorption rate of the microorganisms on the sample is drawn. Based on this relationship curve, the microbial adhesion force corresponding to different desorption rates can be determined. This allows the external force to be adjusted according to the desired desorption rate, ensuring that the external force is greater than the microbial adhesion force, thereby promoting microbial shedding and meeting the desired desorption rate. Furthermore, by changing the sample or microorganism, the present invention can also generate a relationship curve between microbial adhesion force and microbial desorption rate for samples of different materials, surface textures, and microbial species, in laminar or turbulent flow environments. Furthermore, the present invention has a simple structure and a simple and efficient detection method.

[0026] 2. The present invention can not only detect the adhesion of microorganisms in samples of different materials, samples with different surface textures, different types of microorganisms, and different flowing liquid environments, but can also capture the marked tracer particles through a binocular camera and transmit the image to a controller. The controller calculates the flow rate of the water flow, and can observe microscopic effects such as changes in the liquid film flow state and cavitation effects on the sample surface through the image, with multiple integrated functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the flow supply mechanism, laser irradiation device, environment simulation device, shooting device and sample installation mechanism in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the box in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the flow supply mechanism and the environment simulation device in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the turbulence simulation module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the sample installation mechanism in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the sample fixing module in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms of the present invention includes a box, a flow supply mechanism 1, a laser irradiation device, an environment simulation device, a shooting device and a sample installation mechanism 5.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, the flow supply mechanism 1 includes an inlet pipe 25, an outlet pipe 19, a water tank 20, a drain pipe 23, an outlet pipe 24, and a valve 1. The water tank 20 is fixed inside the tank body and has an opening at the top. A vertical partition 1 and a partition 2 are fixed inside the water tank 20. The partition 1 separates the inner cavity of the water tank 20 into a discharge area and a water storage area. The partition 2 is perpendicular to the partition 1 and separates the water storage area into a laminar water storage area and a turbulent water storage area. The two outlets of the inlet pipe 25 are connected to the outlet pipe 19 and the outlet pipe 2 24 respectively through a valve 1. The outlet pipe 19 is located above the turbulent water storage area, and the outlet pipe 2 24 is located above the laminar water storage area. The two valves 1 are used to control the water flow of the outlet pipe 19 and the outlet pipe 2 24 respectively, thereby controlling the water storage capacity of the turbulent water storage area and the laminar water storage area respectively. A drain pipe 23 is provided at the bottom of the discharge area to discharge the water in the discharge area. Among them, the height of partition one and partition two are both smaller than the height of the inner cavity of the water tank 20, so as to allow excess water in the laminar water storage area and the turbulent water storage area to flow into the discharge area to prevent water overflow and damage to the device.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, the laser irradiation device includes a linear guide 2, a laser emitter 3 and a sheet light source lens 4; the slide rail of the linear guide 2 is horizontally fixed at the top position in the box, the laser emitter 3 is fixed on the slider of the linear guide 2, and the emitting end of the laser emitter 3 faces downward; the two sheet light source lenses 4 are respectively fixed on the laminar flow tube 22 and the turbulent flow tube 29 in the environmental simulation device, and the sheet light source lens 4 converts the beam laser emitted by the laser emitter 3 into a sheet laser on a vertical plane perpendicular to the cross section of the laminar flow tube 22 and the turbulent flow tube 29 to irradiate the laminar flow tube or the turbulent flow tube.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, the environmental simulation device includes a turbulence simulation module 21 and a laminar flow tube 22. Figure 5 As shown, the turbulence simulation module 21 includes an impeller 27 and a turbulence tube 29; the laminar tube 22 and the turbulence tube 29 are both made of transparent materials; the laminar tube 22 and the turbulence tube 29 are fixed on the water tank 20 at a horizontal interval, and the inner cavity of the laminar tube 22 is connected to the laminar water storage area, the inner cavity of the turbulence tube 29 is connected to the turbulent water storage area, and the upper end surface of the laminar tube 22 is flush with the upper end surface of the turbulence tube 29; the impeller 27 is placed in the turbulence tube 29 near the inlet position, and forms a rotating pair with the turbulence tube 29, and is driven by a driving motor 1; the inner wall of the turbulence tube 29 is provided with a plurality of integrally formed protrusion structures 28 distributed along the axial interval at the output end of the impeller 27; the outlets of the laminar tube 22 and the turbulence tube 29 are both passed through the box body, and are respectively connected to a water outlet pipe 3 through a valve 2 7. The top surfaces of the laminar flow tube 22 and the turbulent flow tube 29 near the outlet are both provided with square holes, and pressure sensors 30 are fixed on the inner walls of the laminar flow tube 22 and the turbulent flow tube 29 on both sides of the corresponding square holes. The pressure sensors 30 are used to detect the fluid force acting on the sample surface.

[0039] The shooting device includes a rotating drive member (which can be a rotating motor or a dividing mechanism with a power source) and a binocular camera 6; the rotating drive member is fixed in the box; the binocular camera 6 is located between the laminar flow tube 22 and the turbulent flow tube 29 and is driven by the rotating drive member.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the sample installation mechanism 5 includes a longitudinal moving module, a transverse moving module and a sample fixing module 40. The longitudinal moving module drives the transverse moving module to move up and down; the transverse moving module drives the connecting member 44 of the sample fixing module 40. Figure 7 As shown, the sample fixing module 40 includes a connecting member 44 and a magnetic element 45; the magnetic element 45 is fixed to the connecting member 44 by magnetic attraction.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the box body includes a top plate 18, a top plate 29, a top plate 310, a side plate 11, a fixed plate 12, a bottom plate 13, an observation glass 14, rollers 15, right-angle columns 16, a top beam 17 and a side plate 218; the four corners of the bottom plate 13 are hinged with rollers 15 to facilitate transportation and transfer in actual use; a vertically arranged side plate 11 is fixed to one end of the bottom plate 13, and a vertically arranged right-angle column 16 is fixed to the two corners of the other end; the two ends of the vertically arranged side plate 218 are connected to the Two right-angle columns 16 are fixed respectively; vertically arranged fixing plates 12 and observation glasses 14 are fixed on both sides of the top of the bottom plate 13, and each fixing plate 12 is fixed to the observation glass 14 on the same side; the two ends of the top beam 17 are fixed to the side panel 11 and the top of one of the right-angle columns 16 respectively, and the top beam 17 is provided with two parallel and spaced apart beams; the two ends of the top plate 2 9 are fixed to the middle parts of the two top beams 17 respectively, and the two ends of the top of the top plate 2 9 are hinged to the top plate 1 8 and the top plate 3 10 respectively. The water tank 20 of the flow supply mechanism 1 is fixed on the bottom plate 13; the water inlet pipe passes through the hole 1 opened on the side plate 18 and is fixed to the side plate 18; the drain pipe 23 extends from the hole 2 opened on the side plate 18; the slide rail of the linear guide 2 in the laser irradiation device is horizontally fixed to the lower surface of the top plate 9; the outlets of the laminar flow tube 22 and the turbulent flow tube 29 in the environmental simulation device pass through the two holes 3 opened on the side plate 11; the rotating drive component of the shooting device is fixed on the bottom plate 13.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, the height of the partition plate 2 is greater than that of the partition plate 1 to prevent the water flows in the laminar water storage area and the turbulent water storage area from interfering with each other.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the laminar flow tube 22 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the turbulent flow tube 29 , and the inner wall of the laminar flow tube 22 is smooth.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, a sealing rubber ring 26 is fixed at the connection between the laminar flow tube 22 and the turbulent flow tube 29 and the water tank 20 to prevent water leakage.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the outlet of the turbulence tube 29 is fixed to the corresponding inlet of the second valve 7 through the conical interface 31, and the outlet of the second valve 7 is fixed to the corresponding outlet pipe 3.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 6As shown, the longitudinal movement module includes a base 32 and a ball screw. The base 32 is vertically fixed to the bottom plate 13 of the box. The ball screw's screw 33 forms a rotational pair with the base 32, and the ball screw's screw is driven by a second drive motor 35. Two longitudinal movement modules are provided, spaced apart and located outside the holes above the laminar flow tube 22 and the turbulent flow tube 29, respectively. The transverse movement module includes a belt drive mechanism and a beam 42. The ends of the horizontally arranged beam 42 are fixed to the nuts 34 of the ball screws in the two longitudinal movement modules via connecting blocks 43. The two pulleys 39 of the belt drive mechanism form a rotational pair with the ends of the beam 42, and the belt drive mechanism is driven by a third drive motor 38. The connector 44 of the sample fixing module 40 is fixed to the belt 41 in the belt drive mechanism and forms a horizontal sliding pair with the beam 42.

[0047] More preferably, the housing of the second drive motor 35 is fixed to the bottom plate 13 of the box body via a fixing plate 37 , and the output shaft of the second drive motor 35 is connected to the screw 33 via a gear pair 36 .

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, a second sealing rubber ring 46 is fixed at the bottom of the connecting member 44, and the second sealing rubber ring 46 is sleeved on the outside of the magnetic element 45 to seal the gap between the magnetic element 45 and the sample 47 mounted on the magnetic element 45 and the square hole of the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent flow tube 29 to prevent water leakage.

[0049] The rotating drive member, the driving motor 1, the driving motor 2 35 and the driving motor 3 38 are all controlled by a controller, and the signal output ends of the binocular camera 6 and each pressure sensor 30 are connected to the controller.

[0050] The present invention provides a method for detecting a desorption rate and adhesion force of microorganisms, as follows:

[0051] Step 1: Mix the microorganisms to be tested with tracer particles that do not have adhesion properties (such as aluminum powder) in a molar ratio of 1:1, and apply the mixture to the sample 47 (when the microorganisms come into contact with the sample surface through the extracellular polymers (EPS) on the surface, the distance between the extracellular polymers and the bacteria and the sample surface molecules is extremely small, thus generating van der Waals force, which is adhesion, and the microorganisms can naturally adhere to the sample surface). Then, observe and count the number of microorganisms per unit area of ​​the sample 47 under a fluorescence microscope (the total number of microorganisms in multiple areas can be observed, divided by the total area of ​​the observation area, to calculate M); then remove the magnetic element 45, fix the sample 47 to the magnetic element 45 through a thread, and then adsorb the magnetic element 45 on the connecting piece 44; the controller controls the drive motor three 38 to work, and the drive motor three 38 drives the belt transmission mechanism, and the belt transmission mechanism drives the connecting piece 44 to move in the horizontal direction until the sample 47 is located directly above the square hole on the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent flow tube 29. The controller controls the two drive motors two 35 to work synchronously, and the drive motor two 35 drives the ball screw to drive the beam 42 to move in the vertical direction until the sample 47 passes through the corresponding square hole and is placed in the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent flow tube 29.

[0052] Step 2: Manually move the slider to the point where the laser emitter 3 is directly above the light sheet lens 4 on the laminar flow tube 22 or turbulent flow tube 29. The laser emitter 3 emits a beam of laser light, which is converted by the light sheet lens 4 into a sheet of laser light on a vertical plane perpendicular to the laminar flow tube 22 and the turbulent flow tube 29 to irradiate the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube. Then, the controller controls the rotary drive member to work until the lens of the binocular camera 6 is aligned with the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent flow tube 29, and then opens the corresponding valve 1, and the water flows into the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent flow tube 29.

[0053] Step 3: After the water fills the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent flow tube 29, the corresponding valve 2 (7) is opened. If the sample 47 is located in the turbulent flow tube 29, the controller controls the drive motor 1 to start. Drive motor 1 drives the impeller, causing the water flow through the impeller and the protrusions 28 to become turbulent, achieving the requirement of simulating a turbulent environment. The water then flows out of the corresponding outlet pipe 3 and continuously flushes the surface of the sample 47. Simultaneously, the tracer particles are highlighted and displayed under the stimulation of the sheet laser and captured by the binocular camera 6, which transmits the captured image to the controller. The binocular camera 6 is preferably a high-speed camera, which, in addition to capturing particles, can also observe microscopic effects such as cavitation on the textured surface and changes in the liquid film flow state.

[0054] Step 4: gradually increase the opening degree of the corresponding valve 1 and valve 2 7, thereby gradually increasing the flow rate of the water flow. If the sample 47 is located in the turbulent tube 29, the controller controls the impeller speed to gradually increase, thereby gradually increasing the turbulence of the water flow. When the movement of tracer particles exceeding a preset amount (for example, exceeding 50% of the total amount of tracer particles, i.e., microorganisms, can be roughly determined by manual judgment) is observed in the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent tube 29, the controller records the two pressure sensors 30 calculated based on the fluid force signals detected by the corresponding two pressure sensors 30. The average value of the fluid force acting on the sample 47 is obtained by calculating the average value of the fluid force acting on the sample 47, which is the fluid force F acting on the surface of the sample 47 (i.e., the resultant force of the fluid shear force and the cavitation impact load). At the same time, the controller controls the two drive motors 35 to work synchronously until the sample 47 is located above the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent flow tube 29. The sample 47 and the magnetic element 45 are removed, and the sample 47 is removed from the magnetic element 45 and placed under a fluorescence microscope for observation. The number m of remaining microorganisms per unit area of ​​the sample 47 is counted, and the desorption rate (Mm) / M of the microorganisms on the sample at this time is calculated.

[0055] Step 5. After fixing the sample 47 to the magnetic element 45 through threads, the magnetic element 45 is adsorbed on the connector 44, and the controller controls the two drive motors 2 35 to work synchronously until the sample 47 is placed in the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent flow tube 29; then increase the opening degree of the corresponding valve 1 and valve 2 7. If the sample 47 is located in the turbulent flow tube 29, the controller controls the impeller speed to increase at the same time; after a preset time, the controller calculates the fluid force on the surface of the sample 47, and at the same time, the controller controls the two drive motors 2 35 to work synchronously until the sample 47 is located above the laminar flow tube 22 or the turbulent flow tube 29, removes the magnetic element 45, and removes the sample 47 from the magnetic element 45, places it under a fluorescence microscope for observation, counts the number of remaining microorganisms per unit area of ​​the sample 47, and calculates the desorption rate of the microorganisms on the sample at this time.

[0056] Step 6. Repeat step 5 until the calculated microbial desorption rate is above 90% (a microbial desorption rate of 70% or above usually meets the requirements), thereby obtaining the desorption rate of microorganisms on the sample under different fluid forces F in a laminar or turbulent environment; using the fluid force as the adhesion force of the microorganisms on the sample, a relationship curve between the adhesion force of the microorganisms on the sample and the desorption rate of the microorganisms on the sample is drawn. According to the relationship curve, the microbial adhesion force corresponding to different desorption rates can be obtained, so that the external force can be set according to different desorption rate requirements, so that the external force is greater than the microbial adhesion force, causing the microorganisms to fall off and meet the desorption rate requirements; and the present invention can also obtain the relationship curve between the adhesion force of microorganisms on the sample and the desorption rate of microorganisms on the sample under laminar or turbulent environments for samples of different materials, samples with different surface textures, and different microbial species by replacing the sample or microorganism.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms, comprising a housing, a flow supply mechanism, and an environmental simulation device, characterized in that: It also includes a sample mounting mechanism, a laser irradiation device and a shooting device; the flow supply mechanism includes a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe 1, a water tank, a drain pipe, a water outlet pipe 2 and a valve 1; the water tank is fixed in the box body and is open at the upper end; a vertical partition 1 and a partition 2 are fixed in the water tank, the partition 1 separates the inner cavity of the water tank into a discharge area and a water storage area, the partition 2 is perpendicular to the partition 1, and separates the water storage area into a laminar water storage area and a turbulent water storage area; the water inlet pipe passes through a hole 1 opened on the side plate 2 in the box body and is fixed to the side plate 2, and is located above the water tank; the two outlets of the water inlet pipe are respectively connected to the water outlet pipe 1 and the water outlet pipe 2 through a valve 1; the water outlet pipe 1 is located above the turbulent water storage area, and the water outlet pipe 2 is located above the laminar water storage area; a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the discharge area; wherein, the height of the partition 2 is greater than the height of the partition 1, and the heights of the partition 1 and the partition 2 are both less than the height of the inner cavity of the water tank; The laser irradiation device includes a linear guide rail, a laser emitter, and a light sheet lens; the slide rail of the linear guide rail is horizontally fixed at the top position of the box body, the laser emitter is fixed on the slider of the linear guide rail, and the emitting end of the laser emitter faces downward; the two light sheet lenses are respectively fixed on the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube in the environmental simulation device; The environmental simulation device includes a turbulence simulation module and a laminar flow tube, and the turbulence simulation module includes an impeller and a turbulence tube; the laminar flow tube and the turbulence tube are both made of transparent materials; the laminar flow tube and the turbulence tube are fixed on the water tank at a horizontal distance, and the inner cavity of the laminar flow tube is connected to the laminar flow water storage area, the inner cavity of the turbulence tube is connected to the turbulence water storage area, the upper end surface of the laminar flow tube is flush with the upper end surface of the turbulence tube; the inner wall of the laminar flow tube is smooth; the impeller is placed in the turbulence tube near the inlet, and forms a rotating pair with the turbulence tube, and is driven by a drive motor; the inner wall of the turbulence tube is located at the output end of the impeller The laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube are provided with a plurality of protrusion structures integrally formed and distributed along the axial spacing; the outlets of the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube are both passed through the box body and are respectively connected to a water outlet pipe three through a valve two; the top surfaces of the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube near the outlet position are both provided with square holes, and pressure sensors are fixed on both sides of the corresponding square holes on the inner walls of the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube; the shooting device includes a rotating drive member and a binocular camera; the rotating drive member is fixed in the box body; the binocular camera is located between the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube and is driven by the rotating drive member; The sample mounting mechanism includes a longitudinal moving module, a transverse moving module and a sample fixing module; the longitudinal moving module drives the transverse moving module to move up and down; the transverse moving module drives the connector of the sample fixing module; the sample fixing module includes a connector and a magnetic element; the magnetic element is fixed to the connector through magnetic attraction.

2. The device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body includes top plate 1, top plate 2, top plate 3, side plate 1, fixed plate, bottom plate, observation glass, rollers, right-angle columns, top beam and side plate 2; the four corners of the bottom plate are hinged with rollers; one end of the bottom plate is fixed with a vertically arranged side plate 1, and the two corners of the other end are fixed with vertically arranged right-angle columns; the two ends of the vertically arranged side plate 2 are respectively fixed with two right-angle columns; the two sides of the top of the bottom plate are fixed with vertically arranged fixed plates and observation glass, and each fixed plate is fixed to the observation glass on the same side; the two ends of the top beam are respectively fixed with the side plate 1 and the top end of one of the right-angle columns The top plate is fixed separately, and two parallel and spaced-apart top beams are provided; the two ends of the top plate two are fixed separately to the middle parts of the two top beams, and the two sides of the top plate two are hinged to the top plate one and the top plate three respectively; the water tank of the flow supply mechanism is fixed on the bottom plate; the water inlet pipe passes through the hole one opened on the side plate two and is fixed to the side plate two; the drain pipe extends from the hole two opened on the side plate two; the slide rail of the linear guide in the laser irradiation device is fixed horizontally to the lower surface of the top plate two; the outlets of the laminar flow tube and the turbulent flow tube in the environmental simulation device pass through the two holes three opened on the side plate one; the rotating drive member of the shooting device is fixed on the bottom plate.

3. The device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein: The cross-sectional area of ​​the laminar flow tube is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the turbulent flow tube.

4. The device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein: A sealing rubber ring is fixed at the connection between the laminar flow tube, the turbulent flow tube and the water tank.

5. The device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet of the turbulence tube is fixed to the corresponding inlet of valve 2 through a conical interface, and the outlet of valve 2 is fixed to the corresponding water outlet pipe 3.

6. The device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal movement module includes a base and a ball screw; the base is vertically fixed on the bottom plate of the box, the screw of the ball screw and the base constitute a rotating pair, and the screw of the ball screw is driven by the second drive motor; the longitudinal movement module is provided with two spaced apart, and are respectively located on the outside of the holes above the laminar tube and the turbulent tube; the transverse movement module includes a belt transmission mechanism and a beam; the two ends of the horizontally arranged beam are respectively fixed to the nuts of the ball screws in the two longitudinal movement modules through connecting blocks, and the two pulleys of the belt transmission mechanism and the two ends of the beam constitute a rotating pair, and the belt transmission mechanism is driven by the third drive motor; the connecting part of the sample fixing module is fixed to the belt in the belt transmission mechanism, and constitutes a horizontal sliding pair with the beam.

7. The device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing of the second driving motor is fixed to the bottom plate of the box body through a fixing plate, and the output shaft of the second driving motor is connected to the screw through a gear pair.

8. The device for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second sealing rubber ring is fixed at the bottom of the connector, and the second sealing rubber ring is sleeved outside the magnetic element.

9. The method for detecting the desorption rate and adhesion of microorganisms according to claim 6, wherein: The details are as follows: Step 1: Mix the microorganisms to be tested with tracer particles that do not have adhesion properties in a molar ratio of 1:1, and apply the mixture to the sample. Then, observe and count the number M of microorganisms per unit area of ​​the sample under a fluorescence microscope; then remove the magnetic element, fix the sample to the magnetic element through a thread, and adsorb the magnetic element on the connecting piece; the controller controls the drive motor three to work, the drive motor three drives the belt transmission mechanism, and the belt transmission mechanism drives the connecting piece to move in the horizontal direction until the sample is directly above the square hole on the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube. The controller controls the two drive motors two to work synchronously, and the drive motor two drives the ball screw to drive the beam to move in the vertical direction until the sample passes through the corresponding square hole and is placed in the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube; Step 2: Manually move the slider to the position where the laser emitter is directly above the light sheet lens on the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube. The laser emitter emits a beam of laser light, which is converted by the light sheet lens into a sheet of laser light perpendicular to the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube, irradiating the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube. The controller then controls the rotary drive element to operate until the lens of the binocular camera is aligned with the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube, and then opens the corresponding valve 1, allowing water to flow into the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube. Step 3: After the water fills the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube, the corresponding valve 2 is opened. If the sample is in the turbulent flow tube, the controller controls the drive motor 1 to start. Drive motor 1 drives the impeller, and the water flows through the impeller and various protrusions, causing turbulence, meeting the requirements of simulating a turbulent environment. The water then flows out of the corresponding outlet pipe 3 and continuously flushes the surface of the sample. At the same time, the tracer particles are highlighted and displayed under the stimulation of the sheet laser. The binocular camera captures the image and transmits it to the controller. Step 4: gradually increase the degree of opening of the corresponding valve 1 and valve 2, thereby gradually increasing the flow rate of the water flow. If the sample is located in the turbulent tube, the controller controls the impeller speed to gradually increase, thereby gradually increasing the turbulence of the water flow. When it is observed that there is tracer particle movement exceeding a preset amount in the laminar flow tube or the turbulent tube, the controller records the average value of the fluid force exerted on the two pressure sensors calculated based on the fluid force signals detected by the corresponding two pressure sensors. The average value is the fluid force exerted on the surface of the sample. At the same time, the controller controls the two drive motors 2 to work synchronously until the sample is located above the laminar flow tube or the turbulent tube, removes the sample and the magnetic element, removes the sample from the magnetic element, and places it under a fluorescence microscope for observation. The number m of remaining microorganisms per unit area of ​​the sample is counted, and the desorption rate (Mm) / M of the microorganisms on the sample at this time is calculated. Step 5: After the sample is fixed to the magnetic element through the thread, the magnetic element is adsorbed on the connector, and the controller controls the two drive motors to work synchronously until the sample is placed in the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube; then the opening degree of the corresponding valve 1 and valve 2 is increased. If the sample is in the turbulent flow tube, the controller controls the impeller speed to increase; after a preset time, the controller calculates the fluid force on the sample surface, and at the same time, the controller controls the two drive motors to work synchronously until the sample is above the laminar flow tube or turbulent flow tube, removes the magnetic element, and removes the sample from the magnetic element and places it under a fluorescence microscope for observation. The number of remaining microorganisms per unit area of ​​the sample is counted, and the desorption rate of microorganisms on the sample at this time is calculated; Step 6. Repeat step 5 until the calculated desorption rate of microorganisms is above 90%, thereby obtaining the desorption rate of microorganisms on the sample under different fluid forces in a laminar or turbulent environment; use the fluid force as the adhesion force of microorganisms on the sample, and draw a relationship curve between the adhesion force of microorganisms on the sample and the desorption rate of microorganisms on the sample.

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