Assembly structure of mechanical moving blades and wheel disc and gas turbine

Abstract

The present invention provides an assembly structure of mechanical moving blades and a wheel disc and a gas turbine, and relates to the technical field of gas turbines. The assembly structure includes a wheel disc, blades, and a locking assembly; a plurality of wheel grooves and a plurality of connecting parts are provided on the outer periphery of the wheel disc; the blade root included in the blade is installed in the wheel groove, and a plurality of first positioning assembly parts are provided on opposite sides of the blade root, the plurality of first positioning assembly parts are distributed radially and circumferentially limited with the wheel groove, and the first positioning assembly part at the end has a second positioning assembly part extending out of the wheel groove; the locking assembly is respectively connected to the second positioning assembly part and the connecting part, and axially locks the blade root. The present invention uses the wheel groove and the first positioning assembly part of the blade root to complete the circumferential fixation of the blade root, and then uses the second positioning assembly part of the blade root, the connecting part inside the wheel groove, and the locking assembly to complete the axial fixation of the blade root. There is no need to open a lock key groove or screw hole or other structures on the wheel rim, which reduces the processing difficulty and can minimize the weakening of the wheel rim structural strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines, and in particular to an assembly structure of mechanical moving blades and a wheel disc, and a gas turbine. Background Art

[0002] The moving blades of a fluid rotating machinery are installed in the wheel groove of the impeller through their blade roots. Since the blade roots are mostly fir-tree-shaped, dovetail-shaped, etc., the wheel groove of the impeller is an axial through groove that matches it. In order to ensure that the axial position of all blades on the impeller is consistent and prevent the blades from slipping out of the wheel groove, a key or screw is usually used to lock the position.

[0003] At present, the axial installation blade positioning method for large and medium-sized fluid rotating machinery is usually to open positioning grooves or positioning holes on the rim and position the moving blades by locking keys or screws. This method weakens the strength of the rim and affects the safety of the rotor. In addition, for medium and small fluid rotating machinery, the rim of the fluid rotating machinery is relatively thin. If the above positioning method is used, not only will the rim fail to meet the strength requirements, but the locking keys and key slots will also be difficult to process and install, affecting assembly efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an assembly structure of mechanical moving blades and a wheel disc and a gas turbine, so as to solve the problems of low wheel rim strength, difficulty in processing and installation existing in the existing blade assembly structure.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention first provides an assembly structure of a mechanical moving blade and a wheel disc, including a wheel disc, a blade and a locking assembly; the outer periphery of the wheel disc is provided with a plurality of wheel grooves and a plurality of connecting parts, the plurality of wheel grooves are opened along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of connecting parts are located one by one on the inner side of the plurality of wheel grooves along the circumferential direction; the blade includes a connected blade body and a blade root, the blade root is installed in the wheel groove, and a plurality of first positioning assembly parts are provided on both sides of the opposite sides of the blade root, the plurality of first positioning assembly parts are distributed radially and limited circumferentially with the wheel groove, and the first positioning assembly part at the end has a second positioning assembly part extending axially out of the wheel groove; the locking assembly is respectively connected to the second positioning assembly part and the connecting part, and axially locks the blade root.

[0006] The above technical solution is different from the traditional connection method of lock keys and screws. Instead, the circumferential fixation of the blade root is completed by using the first positioning assembly part of the wheel groove and the blade root, and then the axial fixation of the blade root is completed by using the second positioning assembly part of the blade root, the connection part on the inner side of the wheel groove and the locking assembly. There is no need to open lock key grooves or screw holes on the wheel rim, which reduces the processing difficulty and can minimize the weakening of the wheel rim structural strength.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting portion is one of a blind hole and a groove.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the blind holes and grooves have simple structures and are easy to process. Moreover, the sizes of the blind holes and grooves can be much smaller than the key slots or screw holes, which will not affect the structural strength of the rim.

[0009] Furthermore, the first positioning and assembly portion is one of a boss and a recess with matching shapes and sizes, and the side wall of the wheel groove is provided with the other of the boss and the recess.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the cooperation between the boss and the recess can not only play a good guiding role during the assembly of the blade root, but also the bite formed between the two can improve the structural stability of the blade root after installation.

[0011] Furthermore, a card slot is provided on the bottom surface of the second positioning assembly portion, the upper portion of the locking assembly is plugged into the card slot, and the lower portion is connected to the connecting portion.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the axial fixation of the blade root is achieved by plugging and matching the extended bottom groove of the second positioning assembly part with the locking assembly. The structure is ingenious and easy to assemble.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes a positioning block and a locking bolt, and the positioning blocks of two adjacent locking assemblies abut against each other; the upper part of the positioning block is inserted into the slot, and the lower part is provided with a first through hole; the connecting part is a threaded hole, and the locking bolt passes through the first through hole and is connected to the threaded hole, and presses the positioning block.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, during assembly, the positioning block is first plugged into the slot of the second positioning assembly part, and then the locking bolt is installed. The structure is simple and easy to operate, and the sides of the two adjacent positioning blocks abut against each other, further improving the structural stability of the locking assembly after assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the positioning block includes a clamping portion and an opening portion, the clamping slot is open at both ends in the width direction, the width of the clamping portion is greater than the width of the clamping slot, the thickness of the clamping portion is less than the thickness of the opening portion, and the opening portion is provided with the first through hole.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning blocks are optimized in design, which facilitates the assembly of the positioning blocks and ensures the abutment between two adjacent positioning blocks.

[0017] Furthermore, the first through hole is a waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is consistent with the radial direction of the wheel disc.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the first through hole is designed as a waist-shaped hole. During the high-speed rotation of the wheel, the centrifugal force generated by the positioning block will not act on the locking bolt. The locking bolt only bears the gravity of the positioning block in the static state and the extremely small axial component force generated by the positioning block in the rotating state, thereby ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the locking assembly also includes a stop washer, which is located between the nut of the locking bolt and the positioning block and is pressed by the nut of the locking bolt.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the provision of the stop washer can improve the stability after the locking bolt is connected to the threaded hole.

[0021] Furthermore, the stop washer includes a washer body, a first stop plate and a second stop plate integrally connected to the washer body; the washer body is provided with a second through hole for the locking bolt to pass through; the end of the first stop plate away from the washer body is provided with a first stop portion extending away from the positioning block, and the first stop portion is adjacent to the nut; the length direction of the second stop plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the first stop plate, and the end of the second stop plate away from the washer body is provided with a second stop portion opposite to the extension direction of the first stop portion, and the second stop portion is against one side of the positioning block.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the stop washer is designed to have a first stop plate and a second stop plate with opposite extension directions, which can form a limiting fit with the nut and the positioning block respectively, avoiding unnecessary displacement of the structure and further improving the structural stability.

[0023] The present invention also provides a gas turbine, which includes the assembly structure of mechanical moving blades and a wheel disc described in the above technical solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a roulette wheel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a blade provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of mechanical moving blades and a wheel disc provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the locking assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention after being assembled to the wheel disc;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a positioning block of a locking assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a locking bolt of a locking assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a retaining washer of a locking assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 100-wheel disc; 110-wheel groove; 120-connecting part;

[0035] 200-blade; 210-blade body; 220-blade root; 221-first positioning assembly portion; 222-second positioning assembly portion; 2221-slot;

[0036] 300-locking assembly; 310-positioning block; 311-clamping portion; 312-opening portion; 3121-first through hole; 320-locking bolt; 330-stop washer; 331-washer body; 3311-second through hole; 332-first stopping plate; 3321-first stopping portion; 333-second stopping plate; 3331-second stopping portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] In order to solve the problems of low rim strength, difficult processing and difficult installation caused by blade assembly, this embodiment provides an assembly structure of mechanical moving blades and wheels, aiming to solve the above problems by improving the assembly structure and method.

[0039] The assembly structure of the mechanical blade and wheel provided in this embodiment mainly includes a wheel 100, a blade 200 and a locking assembly 300, wherein the wheel 100 of this embodiment has a structure as shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown in , the outer periphery of the wheel disc 100 is provided with a plurality of wheel grooves 110 and a plurality of connecting portions 120. The plurality of wheel grooves 110 are provided along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of connecting portions 120 are located one-to-one inside the plurality of wheel grooves 110 along the circumferential direction. Specifically, the connecting portions 120 of this embodiment are either blind holes or grooves. Blind holes and grooves have simple structures and are easy to process. Moreover, the size of the openings can be much smaller than that of key slots or screw holes, without affecting the structural strength of the wheel rim. It should be noted that the terms "circumferential," "axial," and "radial" in this embodiment can be understood as directional terms relative to the wheel disc 100.

[0040] Combined with attachment Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 As shown, the blade 200 of this embodiment includes a blade body 210 and a blade root 220 connected to each other. The improvement of the blade 200 of this embodiment is mainly in the blade root 220 part, so this embodiment does not describe the blade body 210 in detail.

[0041] The blade root 220 of this embodiment is installed in the wheel groove 110. A plurality of first positioning and assembly portions 221 are provided on opposite sides of the blade root 220. The plurality of first positioning and assembly portions 221 are distributed radially and circumferentially limited with the wheel groove 110. The first positioning and assembly portion 221 at the end of the blade root 220 has a second positioning and assembly portion 222 that extends axially out of the wheel groove 110. The structures and positioning principles of the first positioning and assembly portion 221 and the second positioning and assembly portion 222 are given below.

[0042] Combined with attachment Figure 4 As shown, the locking assembly 300 of this embodiment is connected to the second positioning assembly portion 222 and the connecting portion 120 respectively, and axially locks the blade root 220. The locking assembly 300 is assembled in two parts. The locking assembly 300 is first connected to the second positioning assembly portion 222, and then the locking assembly 300 is connected to the connecting portion 120. This is different from the traditional direct assembly and fixing form of locking keys or screws.

[0043] Combined with attachment Figure 2 As shown, the first positioning assembly portion 221 of this embodiment is one of a convex shoulder and a concave shoulder with matching shapes and sizes. The figure shows a convex shoulder structure. Figure 1 As shown, the side wall of the wheel groove 110 of this embodiment is provided with the other of a convex shoulder and a concave recess, and the figure shows a concave structure. During the specific assembly, the convex shoulder of the blade root 220 and the concave recess of the wheel disc 100 engage with each other, and can play a good guiding role in the assembly process of the blade root 220. Moreover, the engagement between the two can improve the structural stability of the blade root 220 after installation.

[0044] Combined with attachment Figure 3As shown, the bottom surface of the second positioning assembly portion 222 of this embodiment is provided with a slot 2221, and the slot 2221 is an open structure at both ends. Figure 5 As shown, the upper portion of the locking assembly 300 of this embodiment is inserted into the slot 2221, and the lower portion is connected to the connecting portion 120. In this way, the axial fixation of the blade root 220 is achieved by plugging and matching the slot 2221 on the bottom surface of the extended second positioning assembly portion 222 with the locking assembly 300. Only the upper portion of the locking assembly 300 needs to be inserted into the slot 2221. The structure is ingenious and easy to assemble.

[0045] Combined with attachment Figure 5 , Attachment Figure 6 and attached Figure 7 As shown, the locking assembly 300 of this embodiment includes a positioning block 310 and a locking bolt 320. The positioning block 310 is a rectangular block structure, and the size of the positioning block 310 is configured such that the positioning blocks 310 of two adjacent locking assemblies 300 can be as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the upper portion of the positioning block 310 of this embodiment is inserted into the slot 2221, and the lower portion is provided with a first through hole 3121. Accordingly, in order to adapt to the locking bolt 320, the connecting portion 120 of this embodiment is a threaded hole, and the locking bolt 320 passes through the first through hole 3121 and is connected to the threaded hole, and presses the positioning block 310. During assembly, the positioning block 310 is first plugged into the slot 2221 of the second positioning assembly portion 222, and then the locking bolt 320 is installed. The structure is simple and easy to operate, and the sides of the two adjacent positioning blocks 310 are abutted against each other, further improving the structural stability of the locking assembly 300 after assembly.

[0046] Combined with attachment Figure 6 As shown, the positioning block 310 of this embodiment includes a clamping portion 311 and an opening portion 312. The two ends of the clamping slot 2221 are open in the width direction. The width of the clamping portion 311 is greater than the width of the clamping slot 2221. The thickness of the clamping portion 311 is less than the thickness of the opening portion 312. The opening portion 312 is provided with a first through hole 3121. The positioning block 310 is optimized to facilitate the assembly of the positioning block 310 and to ensure the abutment between two adjacent positioning blocks 310.

[0047] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first through hole 3121 is a waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is basically consistent with the radial direction of the wheel disc 100. The reason for designing the first through hole 3121 as a waist-shaped hole is that, during the high-speed rotation of the wheel disc 100 in this embodiment, the centrifugal force generated by the positioning block 310 will not act on the locking bolt 320. The locking bolt 320 only bears the gravity of the positioning block 310 in a stationary state and the extremely small axial component force generated by the positioning block 310 in a rotating state, thereby ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0048] Combined with attachment Figure 5As shown, the locking assembly 300 of this embodiment also includes a stop washer 330, which is located between the nut of the locking bolt 320 and the positioning block 310, and is tightened by the nut of the locking bolt 320. The setting of the stop washer 330 can improve the stability of the locking bolt 320 after being connected to the threaded hole.

[0049] In order to further improve the stability of the structure, this embodiment further improves the structure of the stop washer 330 .

[0050] Combined with attachment Figure 8 As shown, the stop washer 330 of this embodiment includes a washer body 331, a first stop plate 332 and a second stop plate 333 connected to the washer body 331, the first stop plate 332 and the second stop plate 333 are both integrally connected to or integrally formed with the washer body 331, and the first stop plate 332 and the second stop plate 333 are both L-shaped.

[0051] Specifically, the washer body 331 of this embodiment is provided with a second through-hole 3311 for the locking bolt 320 to pass through. The first stopper 332 of this embodiment is provided with a first stopper 3321 extending away from the positioning block 310 at one end of the first stopper 332 facing away from the washer body 331. The first stopper 3321 is adjacent to the nut. The second stopper 333 of this embodiment is perpendicular to the length of the first stopper 332. The second stopper 333 is provided with a second stopper 3331 extending in the opposite direction from the first stopper 3321 at the end of the second stopper 333 facing away from the washer body 331. The second stopper 3331 abuts against one side of the positioning block 310. Thus, the design of the stopper washer 330 with the first stopper 332 and the second stopper 333 extending in opposite directions enables a position-limiting engagement with the nut and the positioning block 310, respectively, preventing unnecessary displacement and further improving structural stability.

[0052] The following describes the specific assembly process of the assembly structure of the mechanical moving blades and the wheel disc of this embodiment:

[0053] During assembly, first install the blade root 220 of the blade 200 into the wheel groove 110 of the wheel disc 100 and axially position it in place. At this time, the groove 2221 of the second positioning assembly portion 222 on the end surface of the blade root 220 is exposed from the end surface of the wheel disc 100.

[0054] Then, place the bottom surface of the positioning block 310 against the end surface of the wheel disc 100, and insert the clamping portion 311 of the positioning block 310 into the clamping groove 2221 of the blade root 220. At this time, the waist-shaped hole on the positioning block 310 is connected to the threaded hole on the end surface of the wheel disc 100.

[0055] Then, the locking bolt 320 equipped with the stop washer 330 is screwed into the threaded hole opened on the end surface of the wheel disc 100 through the waist-shaped hole of the positioning block 310, thereby fixing the positioning block 310 and further achieving axial fixation of the blade 200.

[0056] From the above structure and assembly process, it can be seen that the assembly structure provided by this embodiment is different from the traditional connection method of lock keys and screws. Instead, the circumferential fixation of the blade root 220 is completed by using the wheel groove 110 and the first positioning assembly portion 221 of the blade root 220. Then, the axial fixation of the blade root 220 is completed by using the second positioning assembly portion 222 of the blade root 220, the connection portion on the inner side of the wheel groove 110 and the locking assembly 300. There is no need to open structures such as lock key grooves or screw holes on the wheel rim, which reduces the processing difficulty and can minimize the weakening of the wheel rim structural strength.

[0057] Based on the above structure, this embodiment also provides a gas turbine, which includes the assembly structure of the mechanical moving blades and the wheel disc of the above technical solution.

[0058] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0060] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0061] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An assembly structure of mechanical moving blades and wheel discs, characterized in that: include: A wheel disc (100), wherein the outer periphery of the wheel disc (100) is provided with a plurality of wheel grooves (110) and a plurality of connecting portions (120), the plurality of wheel grooves (110) are opened along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of connecting portions (120) are located inside the plurality of wheel grooves (110) in a one-to-one correspondence along the circumferential direction; A blade (200) comprising a connected blade body (210) and a blade root (220), wherein the blade root (220) is installed in the wheel groove (110), and a plurality of first positioning and assembly parts (221) are provided on opposite sides of the blade root (220), wherein the plurality of first positioning and assembly parts (221) are distributed radially and circumferentially limited with the wheel groove (110), and the positioning and assembly part at the end has a second positioning and assembly part (222) extending axially out of the wheel groove (110); and a locking assembly (300), wherein the locking assembly (300) is respectively connected to the second positioning assembly portion (222) and the connecting portion (120), and axially locks the blade root (220); The first positioning assembly portion (221) is one of a convex shoulder and a concave recess with matching shapes and sizes, and the side wall of the wheel groove (110) is provided with the other of the convex shoulder and the concave recess; A slot (2221) is provided on the bottom surface of the second positioning assembly portion (222), the upper portion of the locking assembly (300) is plugged into the slot (2221), and the lower portion is connected to the connecting portion (120); The locking assembly (300) includes a positioning block (310) and a locking bolt (320); the sides of the positioning blocks (310) of two adjacent locking assemblies (300) are abutted against each other, the upper portion of the positioning block (310) is inserted into the slot (2221), and the lower portion is provided with a first through hole (3121); the connecting portion (120) is a threaded hole, and the locking bolt (320) passes through the first through hole (3121) and is connected to the threaded hole, thereby pressing the positioning block (310); The positioning block (310) comprises a clamping portion (311) and an opening portion (312); the clamping slot (2221) is open at both ends in the width direction; the width of the clamping portion (311) is greater than the width of the clamping slot (2221); the thickness of the clamping portion (311) is less than the thickness of the opening portion (312); and the opening portion (312) is provided with the first through hole (3121).

2. The assembly structure of a mechanical moving blade and a wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting portion (120) is one of a blind hole and a groove.

3. The assembly structure of a mechanical moving blade and a wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first through hole (3121) is a waist-shaped hole, and the length direction of the waist-shaped hole is consistent with the radial direction of the wheel disc (100).

4. The assembly structure of a mechanical moving blade and a wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly (300) further comprises a stop washer (330), the stop washer (330) being located between the nut of the locking bolt (320) and the positioning block (310), and being compressed by the nut of the locking bolt (320).

5. The assembly structure of a mechanical moving blade and a wheel disc according to claim 4, characterized in that: The stop washer (330) comprises a washer body (331), a first stop piece (332) and a second stop piece (333) integrally connected to the washer body (331); The washer body (331) is provided with a second through hole (3311) for the locking bolt (320) to pass through; An end of the first stopper (332) facing away from the washer body (331) is provided with a first stop portion (3321) extending in a direction away from the positioning block (310), and the first stop portion (3321) is adjacent to the nut; The length direction of the second stop piece (333) is perpendicular to the length direction of the first stop piece (332), and the end of the second stop piece (333) facing away from the gasket body (331) is provided with a second stop portion (3331) extending in the opposite direction to the first stop portion (3321), and the second stop portion (3331) abuts against one side of the positioning block (310).

6. A gas turbine, characterized in that: The invention comprises an assembly structure of a mechanical moving blade and a wheel disc as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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