A grain unloading assembly and harvester

Abstract

The application discloses a grain unloading assembly and a harvester, and relates to the technical field of grain unloading assemblies, which comprises a grain unloading cylinder, a grain unloading cylinder support, a driving motor for driving the grain unloading cylinder to rotate, a lifting mechanism for driving the grain unloading cylinder to ascend or descend, a controller and a sensing element, wherein the driving motor, the sensing element and the lifting mechanism are electrically connected to the controller, a sensing point is arranged at the middle position of the rotating track of the horizontal section of the grain unloading cylinder, the sensing end of the sensing element faces the sensing point, and the rotating angle of the grain unloading cylinder when rotating from the sensing point to the position directly above the grain unloading cylinder support is θ; when the grain unloading cylinder rotates to the sensing point, the sensing element will send a signal to the controller, and the controller will control the driving motor to rotate at a reduced speed until the rotating speed of the driving motor is reduced to 0, and the horizontal section of the grain unloading cylinder is just located directly above the grain unloading cylinder support, so that the grain unloading cylinder can be conveniently reset and the resetting accuracy is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of harvesting machines, and particularly relates to a grain unloading assembly and a harvesting machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The return of the unloading cylinder of the harvesting machine after unloading is inconvenient if manually operated: since the cab is front-mounted and the unloading cylinder is rear-mounted, the driver needs to look back to observe the rotation position and angle of the unloading cylinder, which is low in work efficiency and prone to errors. At present, the unloading cylinders of most harvesting machines are matched with one-key return functions, which mostly use encoders or position sensors to collect the angle value of the rotation of the unloading cylinder. When the one-key return is performed, the unloading cylinder is rotated back at the angle value, but there are still some defects. At present, there are mainly two ways of one-key return function: 1. The disadvantage of the encoder detection rotation angle scheme: when the unloading cylinder is rotated out, the encoder counts the rotated angle θ1; when the unloading cylinder is rotated back, the controller controls the unloading cylinder to rotate back at the angle θ1 counted before, but when there is mechanical slip error, θ1 is not accurate, so the unloading cylinder cannot be accurately landed on the support when rotated back; 2. The position sensor detection and control unloading cylinder return scheme: when the unloading cylinder is rotated back by one key, when it rotates to the end point, a proximity sensor or a travel switch detects whether the unloading cylinder is rotated above the support, and a mechanical limit is set at this position to prevent the unloading cylinder from rotating over the support due to inertia, but at this time, since the rotation angle of the unloading cylinder is too large, it will impact the mechanical limit mechanism with a large kinetic energy, which will cause fatigue damage to the limit mechanism over time. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide an unloading assembly capable of buffering and decelerating when the unloading cylinder is rotated back to achieve accurate return.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a grain unloading assembly, comprising a grain unloading cylinder, a grain unloading cylinder support, a driving motor for driving the grain unloading cylinder to rotate, and a lifting mechanism for driving the grain unloading cylinder to ascend or descend, the lifting mechanism is used to drive the grain unloading cylinder to ascend to be separated from the grain unloading cylinder support, and the driving motor is used to drive the grain unloading cylinder to rotate to a working position, or the driving motor is used to drive the grain unloading cylinder to rotate to be directly above the grain unloading cylinder support, and the lifting mechanism is used to drive the grain unloading cylinder to descend to be supported on the grain unloading cylinder support, further comprising a controller and a sensing element, the driving motor, the sensing element and the lifting mechanism are electrically connected with the controller, a sensing point is arranged at a middle position of a rotating track of a horizontal section of the grain unloading cylinder, a sensing end of the sensing element faces the sensing point, and a rotating angle of the grain unloading cylinder when the grain unloading cylinder is rotated to be directly above the grain unloading cylinder support from the sensing point is θ, when the grain unloading cylinder rotates to the sensing point, the sensing element will send a signal to the controller, and the controller will control the driving motor to rotate at a reduced speed, until the driving motor is reduced to a rotating speed of 0, the horizontal section of the grain unloading cylinder is just located directly above the grain unloading cylinder support.

[0005] The beneficial effect of the above technical scheme is that when the grain unloading cylinder rotates to be reset, when it rotates to the sensing point and is reduced in speed, until it is reduced to zero (just stops), at this time, the horizontal section of the grain unloading cylinder is just rotated to be directly above the grain unloading cylinder support, at this time, the lifting mechanism drives the grain unloading cylinder to descend, and the horizontal section of the grain unloading cylinder is supported on the grain unloading cylinder support.

[0006] The driving motor in the above technical scheme is a servo deceleration motor or a variable frequency deceleration motor.

[0007] The beneficial effect of the above technical scheme is that the rotating angle and rotating speed of the grain unloading cylinder can be accurately controlled.

[0008] In the above technical scheme, when the driving motor drives the grain unloading cylinder to rotate to pass through the sensing point, the instantaneous angular velocity of the grain unloading cylinder is ω0, and the grain unloading cylinder starts to operate at an angular acceleration of ω1,

[0009] ω1=2(θ-ω0) / t 2 ,

[0010] t is a preset time value, which represents the time length of the grain unloading cylinder rotating from the sensing point to be directly above the grain unloading cylinder support.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the above technical scheme is that the grain unloading cylinder can accurately reduce the rotating speed to 0 and stay directly above the grain unloading cylinder support within the set time t.

[0012] The inductive element is an ultrasonic radar.

[0013] The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the operation stability is good and the accumulation of dust has no influence.

[0014] The technical scheme further comprises a one-key return button, which is electrically connected with the controller, and is used for sending a signal to the controller by the driver so that the driving motor is controlled by the controller to rotate the unloading cylinder from the working position to the position directly above the unloading cylinder support.

[0015] The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the driver can rotate the unloading cylinder to the initial position by one key, and the operation is simple.

[0016] The inductive element is installed on the unloading cylinder support.

[0017] The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the installation is simple.

[0018] The upper end of the unloading cylinder support is a U-shaped groove, and when the unloading cylinder is rotated to the position directly above the unloading cylinder support, the lifting mechanism is controlled by the controller to descend to the horizontal section of the unloading cylinder and fall into the U-shaped groove at the upper end of the unloading cylinder support.

[0019] The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that when the unloading cylinder is in the initial position, the horizontal section of the unloading cylinder falls into the U-shaped groove at the upper end of the unloading cylinder support, and the unloading cylinder is limited by the U-shaped groove, so that the unloading cylinder does not shake when the harvester is running.

[0020] The second purpose of the present application is to provide a harvester with an unloading cylinder that can be precisely and slowly returned to the initial position by one key.

[0021] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a harvester comprises the unloading assembly as described above.

[0022] The technical scheme has the beneficial effects that the intelligent degree is high, and the unloading cylinder can be precisely returned to the initial position when rotating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of the unloading assembly according to the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 FIG. 4 is an electrical connection diagram of the controller according to the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the unloading cylinder in the initial position, the sensing position and the working position according to the present application.

[0026] In the figure: 1 discharge cylinder, 2 discharge cylinder support, 3 drive motor, 4 lifting mechanism, 5 controller, 6 sensing element, 7 one-key return button, 8 start button.

[0027] Specific test method

[0028] The principles and features of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples are used only to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In the following paragraphs, the present application is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present application will be more clearly described according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are very simplified and use non-precise proportions, only for the purpose of facilitating, clarifying and assisting in the description of the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the embodiment provides a grain unloading assembly, which comprises a grain unloading cylinder 1, a grain unloading cylinder support 2, a driving motor 3 for driving the grain unloading cylinder 1 to rotate, and a lifting mechanism 4 for driving the grain unloading cylinder 1 to ascend or descend, the lifting mechanism 4 is used to drive the grain unloading cylinder 1 to ascend to be separated from the grain unloading cylinder support 2, and the driving motor 3 is used to drive the grain unloading cylinder 1 to rotate to a working position (the working position is an area, which is usually located at the side of the harvester, and the grain unloading cylinder is rotated to the appropriate area at the side of the harvester for unloading), or the driving motor 3 is used to drive the grain unloading cylinder 1 to rotate to the directly above of the grain unloading cylinder support 2, and the lifting mechanism 4 is used to drive the grain unloading cylinder 1 to descend to be supported on the grain unloading cylinder support 2, and the grain unloading assembly further comprises a controller 5 and a sensing element 6, the driving motor 3, the sensing element 6 and the lifting mechanism 4 are electrically connected with the controller 5, a sensing point is arranged at the middle position of the rotating track of the horizontal section of the grain unloading cylinder 1, the sensing end of the sensing element 6 faces the sensing point, and the rotating angle of the grain unloading cylinder 1 when the grain unloading cylinder 1 is rotated to the directly above of the grain unloading cylinder support 2 from the sensing point is θ (the central angle between the sensing point and the initial position), when the grain unloading cylinder 1 is rotated to the sensing point, the sensing element 6 will sense a signal and send the signal to the controller 5, and the controller 5 controls the driving motor 3 to rotate at a reduced speed, until the driving motor 3 is reduced to a rotating speed of 0, the horizontal section of the grain unloading cylinder 1 is just located at the directly above of the grain unloading cylinder support 2 (i.e. the initial position), so that when the grain unloading cylinder is rotated to reset (i.e. back to the initial position), the grain unloading cylinder is rotated to the sensing point and is reduced in speed, until the speed is reduced to 0 (just stops), at this time, the horizontal section of the grain unloading cylinder is just rotated to the directly above of the grain unloading cylinder support, at this time, the lifting mechanism drives the grain unloading cylinder to descend to be supported on the grain unloading cylinder support. In the above technical solution, the rotating and liftable mounting mode of the grain unloading cylinder on the harvester belongs to the prior art, the structure of the lifting mechanism and the driving connection mode of the lifting mechanism and the grain unloading cylinder also belong to the prior art, and the connection mode of the driving motor and the grain unloading cylinder also belongs to the prior art, so the above will not be described here.

[0031] In the above technical solution, the driving motor 3 is a servo reducer motor or a variable frequency reducer motor, so that the rotating angle and rotating speed of the grain unloading cylinder can be accurately controlled.

[0032] In the above technical solution, when the grain unloading cylinder 1 is rotated to the horizontal section to pass the sensing point under the driving of the driving motor 3, the instantaneous angular velocity of the grain unloading cylinder 1 is ω0, and the grain unloading cylinder 1 starts to run at an angular acceleration of ω1,

[0033] In the above technical solution, ω1 = 2 (θ - ω0) / t 2 ,

[0034] t is a preset time value, which represents the time length of the unloading cylinder 1 rotating from the sensing point to the top of the unloading cylinder support 2, so that the unloading cylinder can accurately reduce the rotating speed to 0 and stay at the top of the unloading cylinder support within the set time t. Wherein, θ < θ1, and θ, ω0 and t are known values, the controller calculates the value of ω1 according to the above formula, and controls the driving motor to rotate at this angular acceleration.

[0035] The sensing element 6 in the above technical solution is an ultrasonic radar, which has good stability and is not affected by dust.

[0036] The above technical solution further comprises a one-key return button 7, which is electrically connected with the controller 5. The one-key return button 7 is used for sending a signal to the controller 5 by the driver, so that the controller 5 controls the driving motor 3 to rotate the unloading cylinder 1 from the working position to the top of the unloading cylinder support 2. In this way, the driver can realize one-key rotation and return of the unloading cylinder, which is simple to operate.

[0037] The sensing element 6 in the above technical solution is installed on the unloading cylinder support 2, which is simple to install.

[0038] The upper end of the unloading cylinder support 2 is a U-shaped groove, and when the unloading cylinder 1 rotates to the top of the unloading cylinder support 2, the lifting mechanism is controlled by the controller 5 to descend to the horizontal section of the unloading cylinder 1 and fall into the U-shaped groove at the upper end of the unloading cylinder support 2. In this way, when the unloading cylinder is in the initial position, the horizontal section of the unloading cylinder falls into the U-shaped groove at the upper end of the unloading cylinder support, which can limit the unloading cylinder by the U-shaped groove, so that the unloading cylinder will not shake when the harvester is running.

[0039] Further comprising a start button 8 electrically connected with the controller 5, the one-key return button 7 and the start button 8 are installed in the driver's cabin of the harvester. The start button is used for sending a signal to the controller by the driver, so that the driving motor and the lifting mechanism jointly rotate the unloading cylinder to the working position. In specific use, the driver presses the start button, at this time the lifting mechanism drives the unloading cylinder to rise to the horizontal section outside the U-shaped groove at the upper end of the unloading cylinder support, and then the driving motor drives the unloading cylinder to rotate to the left side of the harvester, and the end of the horizontal section of the unloading cylinder is located outside the harvester. The driver can release the start button when the unloading cylinder is rotated to the appropriate position, at this time the driving motor stops running.

[0040] Wherein, Figure 3 The A position in the middle represents that the unloading cylinder is in the initial position, that is, the unloading cylinder is just supported on the upper end of the unloading cylinder support, the C position represents that the unloading cylinder is in the working position, and the B position represents that the unloading cylinder rotates to the sensing point.

[0041] The time length t in the embodiment can be set as 3-7s, and the angular velocity ω0 of the unloading cylinder at the sensing site when rotating can be fed back to the controller in real time by the driving motor (the driving motor is a servo motor or a variable frequency motor, which is built-in with an encoder, and can obtain the angular velocity of the driving motor rotation in time).

[0042] The controller in the embodiment can adopt an arm series single-chip microcomputer.

[0043] Embodiment 2

[0044] The embodiment provides a harvester, which comprises the unloading assembly in embodiment 1, has high intelligent degree, and can realize accurate resetting when the unloading cylinder rotates.

[0045] The unloading process of the harvester in the embodiment is as follows:

[0046] 1. The unloading cylinder rotates from the initial position to the working position: the driver keeps pressing the start button in the driver's cabin, at this time, the lifting mechanism drives the unloading cylinder to rise to the horizontal section of the unloading cylinder, and moves out to the U-shaped groove at the upper end of the unloading cylinder support, then the driving motor drives the unloading cylinder to rotate to the side of the harvester (at this time, the unloading cylinder needs to pass above the sensing site), during this process, the driver needs to look back to check the specific position of the unloading cylinder, and after the position is appropriate, the start button can be released, at this time, the driving motor stops running, and the unloading cylinder is in the working position, and unloading can be performed;

[0047] 2. One-key resetting of the unloading cylinder: after unloading is completed, the driver only needs to press the one-key resetting button once, at this time, the driving motor drives the unloading cylinder to rotate, when the unloading cylinder rotates to the sensing site, at this time, the sensing element senses the signal, and the real-time angular velocity ω0 of the driving motor is obtained by the controller (at this time, the controller calculates ω1), and the driving motor is controlled to rotate at an angular acceleration of ω1, at the set time length t, the unloading cylinder is rotated back to the exact above of the unloading cylinder support from the sensing site, and at this time, the rotating speed of the driving motor is reduced to 0, then the lifting mechanism drives the unloading cylinder to descend to the horizontal section, and the horizontal section is supported in the U-shaped groove at the upper end of the unloading cylinder support.

[0048] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form; any ordinary technical personnel in the industry can implement the present application according to the drawings and the above description; however, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution made by the technical personnel familiar with the professional without departing from the technical solution range of the present application, using the above disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present application; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present application are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A grain unloading assembly comprising a grain unloading cylinder (1), a grain unloading cylinder support (2), a drive motor (3) for driving the rotation of the grain unloading cylinder (1), and a lifting mechanism (4) for driving the lifting or lowering of the grain unloading cylinder (1), the lifting mechanism (4) being configured to drive the lifting of the grain unloading cylinder (1) away from the grain unloading cylinder support (2), and to drive the rotation of the grain unloading cylinder (1) by the drive motor (3) to a working position, or to drive the rotation of the grain unloading cylinder (1) by the drive motor (3) to a position directly above the grain unloading cylinder support (2), and to drive the lowering of the grain unloading cylinder (1) by the lifting mechanism (4) to rest on the grain unloading cylinder support (2), characterized in that, Also include the controller (5) and inductive element (6), the drive motor (3), inductive element (6) and lifting mechanism (4) are all with the controller (5) electrically connected, the unloading cylinder (1) horizontal section rotation track in the middle position is equipped with inductive site, the inductive end of the inductive element (6) is towards the inductive site, and the rotation angle of the unloading cylinder (1) is rotated to the unloading cylinder support (2) directly above the inductive site, when the unloading cylinder (1) revolves to the inductive site, the inductive element (6) will sense the signal to the controller (5), and the controller (5) controls the drive motor (3) to rotate at a reduced speed, until the drive motor (3) is reduced to 0, the horizontal section of the unloading cylinder (1) is just located directly above the unloading cylinder support (2); Also include the drive motor (3) is servo deceleration motor or variable frequency deceleration motor; When the unloading cylinder (1) is driven by the drive motor (3) to revolve to the horizontal section passing through the inductive site, the instantaneous angular velocity of the unloading cylinder (1) is ω0, and the unloading cylinder (1) starts to run at an angular acceleration of ω1, wherein ω1=2(θ-ω0t) / t 2 , t is a preset time value, which represents the time length of the unloading cylinder (1) revolving from the inductive site to the unloading cylinder support (2) directly above; The inductive element (6) is an ultrasonic radar; The inductive element (6) is installed on the unloading cylinder support (2).

2. The unloading assembly of claim 1, wherein Also included is a one-key reset button (7) which is electrically connected with the controller (5), the one-key reset button (7) is used for the driver to send a signal to the controller (5) to control the driving motor (3) to run to rotate the unloading cylinder (1) from the working position to the directly above of the unloading cylinder support (2) by the controller (5).

3. The unloading assembly of claim 1, wherein, The upper end of the unloading cylinder support (2) is a U-shaped groove, and when the unloading cylinder (1) is rotated to the directly above of the unloading cylinder support (2), the lifting mechanism (4) is controlled by the controller (5) to descend to the horizontal section of the unloading cylinder (1) and fall into the U-shaped groove at the upper end of the unloading cylinder support (2).

4. A harvester characterized by The unloading assembly comprises the unloading assembly according to any one of claims 1-3.

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