A large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device with segmented temperature control

Abstract

The present invention discloses a large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device with segmented temperature control, which belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage devices. The invention comprises an elongated reactor with a material access opening, wherein the elongated reactor has a heating zone extending into the interior of a heating furnace, wherein a plurality of heaters capable of independent temperature control are provided in the heating furnace, and a plurality of heating intervals with different temperatures are distributed along the length direction of the heating zone, wherein the heaters correspond one-to-one to the heating intervals, and the heating temperature of each heater is adapted to the heat required by the corresponding heating interval; a hydrogen preheating pipe is spirally wound around the outer surface of the heating zone, wherein the heating zone contains a hydrogen storage alloy that absorbs hydrogen after heating, and the hydrogen preheating pipe has a hydrogen inlet leading to the reactor, and the hydrogen inlet is located at one end of the hydrogen storage alloy. By means of multi-point temperature control and hydrogen preheating, the difference in hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy in each heating interval is reduced, and the uniformity of the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy in different length directions is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage devices, in particular to a large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device capable of segmented temperature control. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy offers advantages such as high heat of combustion and environmentally friendly products. Its storage methods can be broadly categorized into three types: gaseous, liquid, and solid-state. Solid-state storage can be further divided into physical adsorption and hydride storage. Different storage methods are used for different distances and scenarios, depending on their characteristics. Hydride storage is more stable than other methods, but achieving a storage density suitable for scalable applications requires further breakthroughs.

[0003] Existing technologies, such as the utility model patent with application number 202120277857.3 and the utility model patent with application number 201920607739.7, both first heat the magnesium-based alloy medium in the reaction tank body, and then introduce room-temperature hydrogen into the tank body; within the appropriate hydrogen absorption reaction temperature range, the hydrogen storage capacity of the magnesium-based alloy medium is closely related to the reaction temperature. If the reaction temperature is lower than the appropriate hydrogen absorption reaction temperature, the hydrogen storage capacity of the magnesium-based alloy medium will be reduced. In the above-mentioned existing technologies, the inlet of the tank body is not completely sealed. Even after being heated, there is heat exchange with the external gas, which causes the temperature at the inlet of the tank body to be generally lower than the temperature at the bottom of the tank body. After the room-temperature hydrogen is introduced, the room-temperature hydrogen will further lower the temperature at the inlet of the tank body, so that the hydrogen storage capacity of the magnesium-based alloy at the inlet of the tank body is significantly lower than the hydrogen storage capacity of the magnesium-based alloy at the bottom of the tank body, thereby reducing the overall hydrogen storage capacity of the reaction tank body.

[0004] In summary, how to further improve the hydrogen storage capacity of a reactor having a material access opening is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects and shortcomings in the existing technology and provide a large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device with segmented temperature control, reduce the differences in the hydrogen storage capacity of hydrogen storage alloys in each heating zone, and improve the uniformity of the hydrogen storage capacity of hydrogen storage alloys in different length directions.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device with segmented temperature control, comprising an elongated reactor with a material access opening, the elongated reactor having a heating zone extending into the interior of a heating furnace, the heating furnace being provided with a plurality of independently temperature-controlled heaters, and a plurality of heating sections with different temperatures distributed along the length of the heating zone, the heaters corresponding one-to-one to the heating sections, the heating temperature of each heater being adapted to the heat required by the corresponding heating section; a hydrogen preheating pipe being spirally wound around the outer surface of the heating zone, the heating zone containing a hydrogen storage alloy that absorbs hydrogen after heating, the hydrogen preheating pipe having a hydrogen inlet leading into the reactor, the hydrogen inlet being located at one end of the hydrogen storage alloy;

[0008] Preferably, the hydrogen inlet is located at one end close to the material access opening;

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of baskets for containing hydrogen storage alloys are stacked in the heating zone, and air flow channels are provided between adjacent baskets;

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the basket has a plurality of protrusions, and the protrusions and the upper adjacent lower surface of the basket form the air flow channel;

[0011] Preferably, the basket has an upper cover that can be rotated to open and close;

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of temperature measuring devices are provided in the heating zone, and the setting positions of the plurality of temperature measuring devices correspond one to one with the setting positions of the heating zones;

[0013] Preferably, an installation area is provided on the upper portion of the heating area, the installation area is located outside the heating furnace, and the installation area is provided with a temperature sensor interface and a bracket for supporting the elongated reactor;

[0014] Preferably, a filter, a pressure sensor and a gas mass flow controller are respectively provided on the pipeline connecting the hydrogen preheating pipeline and the hydrogen source; a vacuum gauge is provided on the pipeline connecting the elongated reactor and the vacuum pump;

[0015] Preferably, the material access opening is located at the upper end of the elongated reactor, and a flange for closing the material access opening is installed at the material access opening;

[0016] Preferably, a temperature buffer zone is provided on the upper portion of the uppermost basket, and the temperature buffer zone is filled with porous thermal insulation cotton, the heat-resistant temperature of the thermal insulation cotton being higher than the maximum temperature of the reaction between the hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0018] 1. The reactor of the present invention only performs hydrogen absorption work of the hydrogen storage alloy. For this purpose, a material access opening that can be opened or closed is provided on the top of the reactor. At the same time, in order to improve the working efficiency of the reactor, the present invention sets the reactor as a slender structure to increase the number of baskets placed in the reactor. However, the slender structure of the reactor and the openable and closable material access opening both increase the temperature difference between different heating zones in the length direction. When both the hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen are sufficient, the temperature difference between the heating zones can be reduced, and the difference in hydrogen storage capacity between the hydrogen storage alloys in each heating zone can be reduced. For this purpose, the present invention first sets several heating baskets inside the reactor. The heaters correspond one to one with each other in that the heating zones are provided with heating temperatures adapted to the heat required by the corresponding heating zones, so that the reaction temperatures of the heating zones at different positions in the length direction of the elongated reactor tend to be consistent; secondly, a hydrogen preheating pipe is wrapped around the outside of the heating zone, and the hydrogen preheating pipe is heated while heating the hydrogen storage alloy, thereby preheating the hydrogen and reducing the problem of the temperature drop of the hydrogen storage alloy after the introduction of hydrogen. In summary, the present invention adopts a multi-point temperature control and hydrogen preheating method, which reduces the difference in the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy in each heating zone and improves the uniformity of the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy located in different length directions.

[0019] 2. To further improve the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy, the present invention places the hydrogen storage alloy in several small baskets and provides air flow channels between adjacent small baskets. Compared with the existing situation in which the hydrogen storage alloy is piled up in the reactor, this arrangement increases the heat exchange area of ​​the hydrogen storage alloy, allowing the heat released after the reaction between hydrogen and the hydrogen storage alloy to be discharged in time, avoiding the problem of excessive heat accumulation inside the hydrogen storage alloy affecting the hydrogen storage capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the slender reactor;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at BB;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the slender reactor and the heating furnace;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the elongated reactor, the vacuum pump and the hydrogen source;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the basket from a top view;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA.

[0027] Among them, 1. slender reactor; 2. heating furnace; 3. heating area; 4. installation area; 6. hydrogen preheating pipe; 7. hydrogen inlet; 8. flange; 9. temperature buffer zone; 10. basket; 11. upper cover; 12. protrusion; 13. vacuum pump; 14. vacuum gauge; 15. temperature measuring device; 16. filter; 17. pressure sensor; 18. gas mass flow controller; 19. bracket; 20. hydrogen source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present invention provides a large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device with segmented temperature control, including an elongated reactor 1 with a material access opening, the elongated reactor 1 having a heating zone 3 extending into the interior of a heating furnace 2 and an installation zone 4 located above the heating zone 3, the installation zone 4 being located outside the heating furnace 2, and a temperature sensor interface and a bracket 19 for supporting the reactor being provided at the installation zone 4, and a plurality of heating zones with different temperatures being distributed along the length direction of the heating zone 3. Since the heat loss in the heating zone close to the material access opening is faster, while the heat loss in the heating zone close to the bottom end of the elongated reactor 1 is slower, In the case where no heating device is provided, the temperature of the heating zone near the material loading and unloading opening is lower than the temperature of the heating zone near the bottom end of the elongated reactor 1. In order to ensure that each heating zone can eventually reach the set reaction temperature, the present invention provides a plurality of heaters with individually controllable temperatures in the heating furnace 2. The setting positions of the heaters correspond to the heating zones one by one. The heating temperature of each heater is adapted to the heat required by the corresponding heating zone. That is, the heat required to reach the set temperature value for the heating zone with a low temperature is relatively more, and the heating temperature of the corresponding heater is relatively high. The heating zone with a high temperature requires more heat to reach the set temperature value. The amount of heat required is relatively small, and the heating temperature of the corresponding heater is relatively low, which ultimately makes each heating interval reach the same reaction temperature, solving the problem of inconsistent reaction temperature of materials in each heating interval; the outer surface of the heating zone 3 is spirally wound with a hydrogen preheating pipe 6, and the heating zone 3 is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy that absorbs hydrogen after heating. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen storage alloy is a magnesium-based alloy. Of course, other alloys that can absorb hydrogen after heating are also within the protection scope of the present invention. The hydrogen preheating pipe 6 has a hydrogen inlet 7 that leads to the elongated reactor 1. The hydrogen inlet 7 is located at one end of the hydrogen storage alloy. When heating the hydrogen storage alloy, the hydrogen preheating pipe 6 spirally wound on the outer surface of the heating zone 3 can be heated together. The hydrogen exchanges heat with the hydrogen preheating pipe 6 during its flow in the hydrogen preheating pipe 6, thereby increasing the temperature of the hydrogen introduced into the slender reactor 1, reducing the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy that drops after the introduction of hydrogen, and reducing the difference between the reaction temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen and the set optimal reaction temperature. Because the hydrogen storage alloy in the slender reactor 1 and the amount of hydrogen introduced are both in sufficient state, the closer the reaction temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen is to the optimal reaction temperature, the stronger the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy will be.

[0031] When the temperature in each heating zone reaches the set optimal reaction temperature, the hydrogen inlet 7 can be located at the end close to the material access opening or at the end away from the material access opening. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen inlet 7 is located at the end close to the material access opening, and the material access opening is located at the top of the slender reactor 1. A flange 8 for opening or closing the material access opening is installed at the material access opening. When it is necessary to place the hydrogen storage alloy into the slender reactor 1, the flange 8 is lifted / removed to open the material access opening. After the hydrogen storage alloy is placed, the flange 8 is lowered / moved back to close the material access opening.

[0032] In order to further improve the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy at the top, the present application places the hydrogen storage alloy at the top at a distance from the material access opening. The distance between the material access opening and the hydrogen storage alloy at the top is called the temperature buffer zone 9. The temperature buffer zone 9 can be filled with nothing or with some porous thermal insulation cotton to facilitate the flow of hydrogen and avoid excessive heat loss. The heat-resistant temperature of the thermal insulation cotton used here needs to be higher than the maximum temperature of the reaction between the hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen.

[0033] There are several baskets 10 stacked in the heating area 3. The number of baskets 10 placed in the heating area 3 can be adjusted according to actual needs and is not limited to Figure 2 As shown in the number, the basket 10 is filled with sufficient hydrogen storage alloy, and air flow channels are provided between adjacent baskets 10. When hydrogen reacts with the hydrogen storage alloy, a certain amount of heat is released. When the heat accumulated in the hydrogen storage alloy reaches the heat required for hydrogen release, the hydrogen storage alloy will be in a hydrogen release state, reducing the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy. To solve this problem, the present invention adopts a method of placing the hydrogen storage alloy in the basket 10 to divide the large block of hydrogen storage alloy into several small units, thereby increasing the heat exchange area of ​​the hydrogen storage alloy. This allows the heat released after the reaction of hydrogen and the hydrogen storage alloy to flow out in time, solving the problem of the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage alloy being reduced due to excessive heat accumulation inside the hydrogen storage alloy. Secondly, the use of small baskets divided into zeros can also solve the problem of difficulty in loading and unloading large quantities of metal due to heavy weight and large volume.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the basket 10 is provided with an upper cover 11 that can be rotated to open and close. The upper surface of the upper cover 11 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 12 that facilitate opening / closing the upper cover 11. The plurality of protrusions 12 are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the upper cover 11. The specific structure of the upper cover 11 refers to the structure of the rotatable air freshener lid in the prior art and will not be repeated here. Since the basket 10 is placed inside the heating zone 3 in a stacked form, there is a gap between the protrusion 12 and the lower surface of the basket 10 located above it. This gap is an air flow channel. This arrangement can facilitate the heated hydrogen to enter the basket 10 to react with the hydrogen storage alloy on the one hand, and on the other hand , the heat released after the reaction of hydrogen and hydrogen storage alloy can be discharged in time through this air flow channel; before the reaction starts, the staff holds the protrusion 12 to unscrew the upper cover 11 and puts the powdered hydrogen storage alloy into the basket 10. After it is full, the staff holds the protrusion 12 to close the upper cover 11 and puts the hydrogen storage alloy powder into the openable and closable basket 10, which not only improves the transportation convenience of the hydrogen storage alloy, but also avoids the hydrogen storage alloy from being in contact with the air for a long time; the slender reactor 1 is connected to the vacuum pump 13 through a pipeline, and a vacuum gauge 14 is installed on the connecting pipeline. After the basket 10 is loaded into the slender reactor 1, the upper cover 11 is opened, the slender reactor 1 is quickly sealed and the vacuum pump 13 is turned on to evacuate the air.

[0035] Several temperature measuring devices 15 are installed within the heating zone 3, and their locations correspond to the locations of the heating zones. A filter 16, a pressure sensor 17, and a gas mass flow controller 18 are installed on the pipe connecting the hydrogen preheating pipe 6 to the hydrogen source 20. These temperature measuring devices 15, pressure sensor 17, and gas mass flow controller 18 record changes in temperature, pressure, gas flow, and other factors during the reaction in real time, adjusting the direction for subsequent staged temperature control and ensuring repeatability and stability of different batches of reactions. The gas mass flow controller 18 can also control the hydrogen input rate, ensuring that the hydrogen reaches the required temperature before entering the elongated reactor 1, thus achieving preheating of the hydrogen before entering the elongated reactor 1.

[0036] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from all perspectives, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. It is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims to which they relate.

Claims

1. A large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device with segmented temperature control, characterized by: The invention comprises an elongated reactor having a material access opening, wherein the elongated reactor has a heating zone extending into the interior of a heating furnace, wherein the heating furnace is provided with a plurality of independently temperature-controlled heaters, and a plurality of heating sections with different temperatures are distributed along the length of the heating zone, wherein the heaters correspond one-to-one with the heating sections, and the heating temperature of each heater is adapted to the heat required by the corresponding heating section; a hydrogen preheating pipe is spirally wound around the outer surface of the heating zone, wherein the heating zone contains a hydrogen storage alloy that absorbs hydrogen after heating, and the hydrogen preheating pipe has a hydrogen inlet leading into the elongated reactor, wherein the hydrogen inlet is located at one end of the hydrogen storage alloy; The hydrogen inlet is located at one end close to the material access opening; A plurality of baskets for containing hydrogen storage alloys are stacked in the heating zone, and air flow channels are provided between adjacent baskets; The upper surface of the basket has a plurality of protrusions, and the protrusions and the lower surface of the basket adjacent to the upper portion form the air flow channel; The basket is provided with an upper cover which can be rotated to open and close.

2. The large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of temperature measuring devices are provided in the heating zone, and the setting positions of the plurality of temperature measuring devices correspond one to one with the setting positions of the heating intervals.

3. The large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An installation area is provided on the upper portion of the heating area. The installation area is located outside the heating furnace. The installation area is provided with a temperature sensor interface and a bracket for supporting the elongated reactor.

4. The large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline connecting the hydrogen preheating pipeline and the hydrogen source is respectively provided with a filter, a pressure sensor and a gas mass flow controller; the pipeline connecting the elongated reactor and the vacuum pump is provided with a vacuum gauge.

5. The large-scale metal material hydrogenation reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material taking-in and putting opening is located at the upper end of the elongated reactor, and a flange for closing the material taking-in and putting opening is installed at the material taking-in and putting opening.

6. The large-volume metal material hydrogenation reaction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A temperature buffer zone is provided on the upper part of the uppermost basket. The temperature buffer zone is filled with porous thermal insulation cotton. The heat-resistant temperature of the thermal insulation cotton is higher than the maximum temperature at which the hydrogen storage alloy reacts with hydrogen.

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